Tobacco Documents Online

T1ews Reports and Comment -.C The Tobacco Institute, Inc. Washington 6, D. C. CLEVELAND PRESS Cleveland, Ohio May 1, 1962 DAVID DIETZ- Virus Causes Lung Cancer in Animals A new approach to the can- cer problem has been opened up by the researches of a te=,m of medical scientists at the Baylor College of Medicine in 1-IOUstoll. The team told the AtIani,ic City meeting of the Americ;tn Qssociation for Cancer Fe- s,earch of experiments in whieh extremely virulent lung can- 'N cers were produced in ham:ters with a virus sometimes responsible for sore throats, cold- like symptoms, and pink eye in human beings. Dr. John J. Trentin, professor of experi- mental biology, headed the team which in- cluded Dr. Yoshiro Yabe and Dr. Grant Taylor. Medical scientists have long known that cer- tain cancers in mice and chickens are caused 1Jy arttSCS. But th i5 i5 the iusi iithe that a virus which afflicts human beings has been found to cause cancer in anirnals. The virus used in the expe lments Is known as Adenovirus 12. It is one of a number of viruses which have been' isolated from the adenoids of human beings. It is now known that the:;e viruses are a common source of infection =imong both chil- dren and adults. Outbreaks have been par• ticularly marked in military f~irces among new recruits during their first wi_!i,er of service. S EiRE VEPOR T 'IDlES ghreveport, Louisiana March 5, 1962 T,MI-4 0130769 CIGARETTE 111AKER 3 New Survey Disputes Tobacco-Calicer Link NEW YORK, March 4 niPn- public today by Dr: Jacob Cohen and Dr. Robert K. Heimann in Cigarette factory employes whose the March issue of Industrial -nokine rate is twice the U.S. Medicine and Surgery. ~~ . vera;e live longer than average The authors noted that the con- and suffer less than the usual inci• clusions "are contradictory to' the dence of lung tancer, according hypothesis that cigarette smoking to a private research study. per se is causally related fo in- The findings collected in a 14% creased mortality, from all causos, year study of 11,000 employes of from respiratory tract cancer, or American Tobacco Co., were made from heart disease." At the moment, however, there Is no evi- dence to link the adenoviruses with cancer in human beings. It is important to keep this fact in mind. A survey made by the Baylor scientists showed that more than one-fourth of patients treated for a variety of diseases at one hos- pitai had been exposed to Adenovirus 12 at some time and now possessed antibodies in their blood which made them immune to the virus. However, It is not yet known how many healthy people have the virus in their system. It is known that the virus can lie dormant for many years following a childhood infection and then break out again in later life. About 15 years ago, the late Dr. Francisco Duran-Reynals at Yale University induced can- ^_ers ir- animals with vaccinia -vIi 1s and a trace dose of a cancer-causing chemical. As a result of these experiments, he ad- vanced the notion that ordinary viruses might play a contributing part in human cancer. His findings were not received favorably by most medical scientists at the time, but the pendu- lum has been swinging in his direction in re• cent years. The subjects studied worked in tobacco plants in Richmond. Va.; Durham and Reidsville, N. C.; Louisville, Ky.; and elsewhere. The researchers found that their sub- jects included "more than twice as many more than 20-per•day cigar- ette smokers as the percentage in the general U.S. population." The .report said the heavy sinok- ing record "is nnt astonishing" in view both of the group's "voca- tional interest in the product it manufactures and the provision of a free pack of cigarettes each working dalr: " July 1962 VINDICATOR Youngston, Ohio June 10., 1962 Air Pollution Blamed f or Lung Cancer Philadelphia, June 9 (UPI) 11r W. C. Hueper, a government ro~cearch physician, laid princi. rat blame for lunD cancer on u, ban air pollutioa, particularly frum gasoline and diesel engine exliausts. Heuper, chief of the Environ- mental Cancer Section of the National Cancer Institute, told the Joint State Government Commission studying the prob- lcm of air polution that the conclu$ion was based on global research and inquiry. Cigarettes Play Part He added, however, that the finding does not erase the "dis- tinct possibility" that cigarette smoking "plays a minor to mod- cra.te contriLutozy ruie" iui caus- ing lung cancer. Heuper said data shows that persons living 'in cities and highly industrialized areas had uniformly higher rates of lung cancer than those living in rural areas in the same regiens. He said it was very unlikely that variations in amoking babits could account for sucn lnarked differences. ' The state comnilssion heard testimony from Heuper and others to determine the need for msAdng it mandatory for motor vehicles to be equipped with fume dispelling devices. TI KU 000006593 The researchers found the ob- served deaths of the employcs over the 14?4 year period were only 71 per cent the number anticipated under mortality tables covering such a population sample. At the same time, tha report said, the subjects showed lower-than- average mortality rates for indivi- dual causes. Cancer deaths were listed as 70 per cent of expected: respiratory cancer deaths as 71 per cent of expected; cardiovas- cular deaths as 75 per cent of expected; and coronary deaths as 79 per cent of expected.

DISPATCH St Prxu3_, Minnesota May 22, 1962 Finnish L)octor Challenges Cigaref-!-leart Ill Link By DELOS SMITH UPI Science Editor NEW YORK - Confusing contradiction is appearing in the scientific case which links cigaret smoking with heart disease. So far this year two scientific studies have pro- duced a flat "No" to a key question which six previous studies answered with a flat "Yes." The question is this: are cholesterol blood levels high- er in cigaret smokers than in non-s m o k e r s? Cholesterol stands indicted as a prime hardener of arteries, and hardened arteries are the prime cause of heart attacks The n e w e s t disputing "No" comes from the Fin- nish investigator, Dr. Aari+e Konttinen of the Wihuri re- search institute in H e 1- sinki. His "No" resulted from his three-year-study of 314 healthy young men as they began their mili- tary service. Conscripts were taken at random. Blood samples were exhaustively analyzed f o r both Alpha and Beta choles- terol and for blood fats. Uteanwhile the men w e r e ;uestioned about their smok- ng. Almost half (145) didn t ;moke and never had, but =i2 smoked more than one .3ack a day. The remainder Nere divided almost evenly 3etween light and moderate .;mokers. There were hardly any dif- `erences between blood chol- :stroi levels and the balances of blood fats in the smokers ;ind the non-smokers, and cer- :ainly none which even ap- oroached statistical signifi- •:ance. There was a slight dif- =erence in Alpha cholesteral •rariance but it wa:: between iion-smokers and light :;mokers only. Konttinen dis- -nissed it as meaningless. He was keenly aware of 'his contradiction with pre- •rious findings and he thought ,perhaps age might mean : omething. His subjects were 'ietween 18 and 25 vears old and the smokers among them hadn't been smoking for long although all had been smok- ing for at least one year. Konttinen said pernaps it took many years of smok- ing to affect cholesterol levels. However, two British inves- tigators, Drs. R. M. Acheson and W. J. E. Jessop, recently reported on their investiga- tion of blood cholesterol levels in old men who smoked and old men who didn't smoke. By cholesterol read- ings alone they couldn't sep- arate the smokers from the non-sruokers. Konttinen was unable to ex- plain why his investigation had produced its flat "No" in a field where six similar in- vestigations by other scien- tists, between 1955 and 1961. had found "Yes" unanimous- ly. He could oniy' reject the theory that smokers have a taste preference for fats in their meals. Some recent ex- Deriments of his showed that PRESS TELEGRAM Long Beach, California May 10, 1962 t, NEW YORK WORLD TELEGRA;Q AND SUN New York, New York June 13, 1962 Lung Cancer Linked To Auto Exhaust The Public Health Service, after a two-year study, has told Congress air pollution from auto exhaust is harm- ful and may play a role in lung cancer. It said "all prac- tical steps" should be taken to reduce the hazard while studies continue. Dr. I:uther Terry, surgeon general, said his agency was assigning a high priority to its pollution studies. He indicated they would take several years Japanese Research Finds No Link Between Lung Cancer, Ciq~rrettes J a p a n e s e researchers have failed to find any cor- relation between cigarette smoking and the develop- ment of lung cancer, a noted Japanese physician said here Wednesday. Dr. Kiyoshi Konno said Japanese scientists also have ruled out exhaust fumes as a possible cause, on the basis of a study of bus drivers. TIIVIN 0130770 I "We do not know the cause of lung cancer," said Dr. Konno, instructor in medicine at Tohoku Uni- versity in Sendai, Japan. . s s s HE ADDRESSED doctors at Long Beach Veterans Administration Hospital be- fore proceeding to Mfaimi Beach, where he will speak next week to the annual convention of the National TI KU 000006594 after fatty meals there wass a smaller rise of fatty blood substances in smokers than in non-smokers. He also considered the possibility that emotional factors may be a hidden cause both of heavy cigaret smoking and of high blood cholesterol levels. That idea has been fur• thered by several scientific groups over the past few years. These groups called the factors mental tension. Konttinen was skeptical. "Mental tension cannot be measured," he remarked. He added dryly that "furtherin- vestigations of the relation- ship of smoking to the serum lipids are required" to re- solve contradictions. Tnberculosis Association. Dr. Ronnb admitted lung cancer is on the inCrease in his country. He also noted that before World War 11, 70 per cent of Japan's pop- ulation-farmers- smoked long-stemmed pipes in pref- erence to cigarettes. He ventured that air pol- lution may be a factor. "We find more lung can- cer patients in the city t'? we do in the suburbs," . observed. Dr. Konno said that To- kyo-Yokohama asthma, 4 condition attributed to smog, now exists in all large industrial rvntPra in ie.,e..