Tobacco Documents Online

TOBA40 MERCHANTS ASSOClATtON OF THE U.S. 1 SIIMIdARY OF AI(TI- ..._...r-,r... -- ---- m T 0 B A C c 0: ----r.. SDUOATIOK AL ACTIVITIX S r ss r s r~s .ea r r... r .~ r~. r r r r r r r DIVIDED INT0 TMW PARTS a ...__._._.~ ..~ .,..._... _...,.. Part 1, Orgs.nizations, Scheols~ etc. which do educatior_aI worLk against tobacco,,' but Which are not principally anti- tcbacco societies. Part 2. Anti-Tobaoco Societies. Part 3. Bibliograp~y of Books, Teat-Baoks, and P« hletso

I TOBA&O MLRCHANTS ASSOCIATION Of TtiE U.S. t TOMSNS_ CIiRISTIAN TEMPFRANCS UNION ...r.... -- _Thie society was organized 3ft 1874 . and -has branches in esery state of the Union and in more than 20s'000 citiea, Thei~a ara ata, 100 nationall organizers- and lecturers constantly in the i'ield, as well - as those employed by the different state organizations. The work is classified into two general branches a the Adults and the Young Pe-oples.Branch. There are also 50 departments;' with a Superintendent for each. One of these departments is called `4The Anti-Itarcotica Depart.ment" a and it -was through -this'Department that the idea of Scientifia Temperance=Instra.ction in the public schools and getting laws enacted to make this instruction mandatory originated, "As a result about 20 million children in the pabl3.o schools receive instruction as to the nature and effectE of a.icohoi and other narcotics on the hwnan syatem"; to quote from a pamph3.et issued by the organizat% ion. The organization's publicity work is taken care of by its crcn Bureau of Publicity which furnishes mat;,.xial_ to the Western 'Newapaper UnionF. - Sirce the 18th Amendment was (the purpose a" the Wo C~ToII,. was primax•i3.y the enactment of ;:->-:-_iuition legislation) state- aaente have been made that the NoC.T.II, w~ l:.d engage in an active campaign for a Tobacco Amendrr=ent; and that the "Mill9.or, Dollar Fund" would be used for that purpose, Anna (3ordong the President, denied this in an official statenent in which she said "Ou,w or-ganization ib not in a Federal Amen3nent Campaign against Toba:co " "We are in an education- al earr.paign against tobacco and have bee,; in su^h a cw.Vaign for more than thirty yearso* "In this work we haFe the sympathetic co-operation of leading ectzcators and Sunday-$chool vcr3orrs =" + ' Th',.s educational work is eflrrn-e-d on -,art3cularly among children of school age e.nd includes propaganc:e for the strict enforce- ment of laws against sale of tobacco to rninors, In April 1921 the National W.C-T.U: issued a statement to the effact that "tIdueation and'Prayer" would be the only weapons employed to eliminate the cigarette. - W Tbe Anti-Narcotie s Department i ssue s psrnphlet s, p].acards p blottersj, elcz showing the evil of the tobacco hnbite 'Some of the -titles aret '~3~ng up Bread"; "Big Money in It"; *~ro CigarettesL and Rifle Shoot~.=: ~~-" s' "L8$s0ne f ~ Juvenile Courts" ;"Questions for Father"; "Basctball Pitahing & SsokiYSg"; 'Tobaaco as a Robber* ; 'Sidelights on _ (A to

i 7" lNE.RCNANTS A9,SOCIATION of TtiE U.S. ` k " the-'Jobdcco I.i1"; . . . -d6 "In.est in a Boy", "The boy szsoker will use, during his lifetimep it least 1o0- per-oent more'tobacco than the adult beginner, the boy smoker is therem fore worth t1,X00 0# 2,W0 extra money to the -tobacco trust if victim- ized early". "One of the very worst habits in~boyhood_is the cigarette habit. 95% of the'boys brought before Judge Craneo ]do Y. Juveni7e Court are cigarette smokers. Cigarettes create a longing for other stimulants,'". "The boy who makes a practice of smoking is seldom a success in high school sports or ath2-etics." - These are quotations taken from some of the leaf3.ets, These leaflets are distributed at Mother`s meetings ; Sunday Schoola~ Young Peoples Meetingsy etc. The AntipNarcotice Department haa issued a neR pamphlet en® tftled: "Nicotine Destroys", in which women smn'mx- -r- part' c-, .'.rrly cr,- sidered. "Smoking smong women is growing tremendously and is a menace to the coming generation. Some investigation of French life and customs reveals the fact that nicotine is responsible for a large number of childless homes and a rast number of infant deaths," - (NOTT: Medical Record of March 19, 1921 In its "Letter from Geneva" has an item on figures tabulated by Grimpret of Lil.le as a re- auit of an investigation of the mortslity of infants born of mothers employed in tobacco factories. This investigation shows that tobacco does not appear to exercise the slightest influence in the materna?l milk; nor has tobacco any injurious action on pregnancy.) The Anti-2iarcotics Department through its Scientific Temper= ance Instruction Section has endorsed a series'of Text Books on Physiology and II1giene, for use in the primary, intermediate and high echool grades. Outlines of Anatomy, Physiology and IIygiene" by Roger S. Tracy is reviewed in the appended Bibliography. The Young People's Branch of the W,C.T.II, haa a list of 4 books-for a study course - 5 being on RAlcoholn and the fourth "Nicotine Neat" by F. W. Roman (see Bibliography) The International Sunday School Association has a certain number of 'Temperance Sundays." The Anti-Warcotics Dep&.rtment of the 1f. C. T.II. has had the seoond one of these Sundays designated as "AntiA Tobacco Smaday", nnd prepares special leaflets 'and lessons, which the Sunday school superiatendents- are urged to use. They are also urged to distribute anti-tobaeeo pledges. This year "Anti-Tobaeeo Sunday" fe3.1 on April 1CthA and in the suggestions for the.program dttention was called to the appalling fact that the cigarette habit is fixing . ,._ ~ o 2 M a

1 TObAO MERCHMITS ASSOCIATION Of THE U.S. w itmelf upon girls and women". Soma or the st&te V;C,T.II.I s issued • le`tters urging locnl unions to make special efforts - to mQka the obaerw® ance of the day a success. ' In Baltimore, t[d. apealors were furnished all Sunday Scshools, which desired them. 1. it is allowed to do so,with any social work in a community. Supplementing the work in the Chnrches end_Sunday Schoolsa the Anti-Narcotics Department, as previously stated has reoormncted a series of text books in Physiology. It also arranges meetings for teachers, furnishes speakers for other meetingsa•encourages prize work among students, such as essaysp debatesy etc, and co-operates as far as A sir.iilar prize contest was inaugu'rated by the Bornell~ 2~-Y~ WpC.T,II. in what it called an "Antim2licctine Ed.ueational CarpAi6" fcr whieh pupils in the Grammar and fiigh Schools were eligible, Other state Unions have limited their work with schools to the distribution of leaflets among the pupils. In Mitche3.l, South Dakota:;. blotters bearing mottos concerning the evils of tobacco =ere distributed among the pupils of the pub3.ic schools and also the Dakota Wesleyan CollegeQ In iVashington State, the W.C,ToII, placed placards not only in the schools but in stores, with quotations from the state law re-- garding the sale of tobacco to zr.inors® In Fullertonv California, for instanee¢ the-W.C.T.U, had a meeting especially for teachers, at which the speaker of the evening emphasized the point that the teachers can9 in their regular school work9 instruct their pupils regarding the tabacno eTi1, In Oxnard, Californiap the Social Service Secretary of the W,CoTtII, was a3.lowed to address the Aigh School Students on the subject of "Nicotine" and in Brawley the WoC.ToUo conducted an Anti-Cigarette Sssay Contest in the arammar and High Schools of the county. In Spokanea Washington the W C,T.II, gaie prizes to pupils in the public schools for essays on the "Effect of Cigarettes on the Euma.n System". In Mary3an.d, the W.C.TotTz is doing especial work in the kindergartens rather than in the higher grades. A course of instrEa.ctioni, which teachers are urged to use, emphasizes the harmfulness of tobacco, In this state, the organization will take up Americanization work as its principal program. It will howe.era on all possible occasions point out the injury caused by the use of'tobacco;'but will not in- augurate any.-ae.mpaign for its abolishment. The particular work which the Anti-Ys:r.cotie Department of the Cazn.W.C.T.II, will do this year is indicated by-the slogan it has e.dopted.

TtZBAL MERCHANTS ASSOCIATiON Of THE U.S. p ~ .~, w ~io smoking in public places." In Stoughton, Wisconsin, the w.C.T.Uo placed in the public libraty Roman'® book on "Nicotine Next" (see Bibliography) In order that its members may be -able to effecbive2y ca operate with these outside agencies some of the Unions have spec3al_= programs at their own meetings. Thus the Ontario (California) W, C.. T t3~ had "tobacco" as a subject for one of its meetings. Extracts were read from 2ienry Ford's book "The Little White Slaver"and a debate was _ held; "Resol.ed that the Gigarette and tobacco are useful" (See Bibliography) While the national office has gone' on record as against a Federal Tobacco Amendment and Lirs. Ella Boolet NewYark State Presc cf the W.C.T.II. has denied any contemplated legislative campaign agai"~, the cigaretto in a statement, in which she said "The use of tet~acco ~,s not a moral question and does not affect the social welfare of the people as did liquora It is a matter for educational work, and not legislation" f Some of the local Unions have announced they rill undc- take campaigns to secure the passage of laws prohibiting the use of - tobacco, Among such Unions are the Dutehesa Coo (33oY®) IInion; the ~` Kentucky State W.C.T.II.; the Southern California W-C,.TotTG; the Penns,rlvs.: State tY. C. T.Ue 0 ~.• ~TE^T~~E RANCP ; FROEIBITI ONC~AND ~ PLC~~ ~`G~IsS THE BOAP,.D ~C` r~''~t` 1L]l'. 1 lii ~~S1 i ~r ~~ In January 1920 this organization announced an educational and moral suasion campaign against the cigarette, In its annual meet- ing of the previous December- a resolution was passed: "approting a11 proper efforts to educate the public to a realization of the harmful effects of the use of tobacco-' and approving the prohibition of the aale of tobacco in any fcrn to minors." The resolution further reccg- nized the fundamental difference between tra,.'--i, i- _:.bs.c;.. _-Ldd that in alcoholic 3iquors3 and placed t:e convention on record as not con• templating any attempt to prohibit the production salep or use of tobacco except as above indicated. In addition to the campaign of education the Board, so its annual report states; will in all cases insist on eaforcing the laws regarding the selling of cigarettes to minors and deplores the faet that boys of eight or nine can without question bty cigarettes in the tobacco stores of most of the states of the Union.. It has had investi-> gations made as to "doped" cigarettes and "rill eirculate millions of leaflets'on nicoti 3ae poison and doped cigarettes." The following leaf- lets have been prepared and are being distributed by the Board: Tobacco Poiaons" ;"Diseaees ' t3aused by Tobacco" ; and "Decay of American Man- Eood"; all by Dro J. E. Kellogg of Battle Greek SennatariumQ "Nicotine is a most prolific Cause of disease"; "The Cigarette is ka.own to be an enemy of scholarship s' of culture, of morals s of health and vigor" r "More American Soldiers uill be damaged by the cigarette than by German bullets" 9 are some of the statements in these pamphlets. 'Lz;='-3nt ' Authorities who condemn the Cigarette"; *The Smoke Waste" are by Revs. ~ ~, .. . _ ~ 50235 9516

TO8AA:0 MERCHANTS A5SOCIATION OF THE U.S. . C~. C. RaricY. "The tobacco fund Tae a defeatist aampaigti (in the war). T6baoco in any form is a poison. 'Instead of fortifying'the bodily' forces, it weakens and tears down, It'lessens atrengthr endurance; efficiency", says the ReT. Mr. Reriok. In a pamphlet: "Poisonous Gases in War".,EudsQa-.Mak3nc-makes the statement that "the permanent effects of cigarette poiam are even worse than the after effects of the poison gases of the Germa_ns : because while they affect the body, they do not,~li3se the cigarette impair the mind," "The Case against Smokers" by Dr. George J6-Fisher9 and "Alcohol and Tobacco" are also distributed by the Board. BOARD OF TNMPhFiANCS & MORAL YJELFkRS OF T24E ~~t MMMi ~ .....~..~-~ _ The Board announced in Dec:ember," 1918 that -it would conduct sa special ca<mpaign agair4st the cigarette habit~ whicn would he under th6 directicrn of Prof, ~ ii;, picka.son of ffooster CbZlegeo The Board has already issued some 49 tracts on the Nicotine question and 15 posters r:.th facts about t: e cigarette. x "Some things the Cigarette will do for its Friends". is one leaflet in which it is stated that "for the growing boy'the cigarette . will detract from his physical, mental and'moral grouth;_it will make h -im indeqisive and wav•aring," "Camoul'lags,; the Cigarette leads all ~~~arr.ie s" -• "Tobacco clains to be only sedatirre -'but it is a deadly narcoiic; it lowers the moral tone of its userh., is a quotation.frorn this leaflet.. The following statement is made in the pamphlet: "Uncle Sam° s Csll" - "One cigar is said to contain eriough nicotine if taken directly into the system to kill a man". In "Wise Counsel" - "The most that can be said for cigarettes is that they are neutral, and that but seldori; nearly always their influence is negati.es" ' T?~~ Board suggests special antiGtobaoco programs for young people's mea4tnzs and issues a leaflet "Suggestions for Teaching a Ten,perance Les:.cnf": in rhich it des cribes the cigarette as "no less deadly and fax- more widespread than the drink evil:" The General Assercbly of the Presbyterian Church, in its sessioni 1918, ddeplored the alarming increase in the use of eigarettes; urged a21l peopl;, to discourage this Fharniful habit', and that increasing attention be given to this subject by cur state legislaturesr schools,' pastorsi Sunday Schoolsa etc, - Note: The pamphlets issued by the Presbyterian Board emphasize the moral effect of the cigarette on the boy, whereas the leaflets of the Methodist Board deal more often with the hygiene side. 0 4 't 5 ~

_V:~ .n-•. ._ _ _ _ _ T08ACYCp MERCHANT5 ASSOCIAi'ION OF 7•HE U.S% r . r, _ A. ' Oburche : 5 0 OTMR • lGZNCI3S ZN{iAGED IN TDQCATIONAL WORK _.~~... ....~._.. ...~._....... ~. ~ Individual churches have taken up educational work _agatnst- -= the cigarette habit by holding debates, prize contestsp-' etc. _- The Oxnard (California) Methodist Churchh had in place of its regular.evening service a debate,on the tobaeeo Ihabita In the - Lethodist Ipiscopal Church of Long Beach (Calif o) a "Dollar a Minute" or•ate~riral eton4-t was held~ the general subject being "Anti-Cigar- ettes" ;; a simiiar contest was nela .n cuc, Fi.L,n.. vhristian Church of Salem, Oragon, The Mormon Church Social Advisory Cvmmittee has outlined an ant3.-tobacco course of study to be used in schoolss -- T::e Ministers of the Methodist Npisoopal Churches ot' _- Fittsburrgy ra~ invited th6 Rev- Dr, V_ F_ Poland Edueationa3l director ef the No-Tobacco Axt:n* to address them,* and the Free Methodist ~rlinisteria~. Associatior_ of the Pittsburgh Conference endorsed the No-- Tobacco Army at one of its meetings• Some School Boards and School Prinoipals have shown their approval of anti cigarette legis2ation and_ educational work against the cigarettEA in .ome insta~cEs active work has been done Ybile in others the Scboo~ Sca: -3fi ^s.ve : ierel,y allowed the school buildings to be used for r.en-ti.,:-_;;., ar_,anged by organizs.tions or the pr*Yncipals have a1lotred speakers to address the asserrtblies; ete, There is a tend- en,y in the W.C,:T II, as weyl as other sacieties to choose school teachers mi.nisters- etco to act oi'f'ic'!a11y in their anti-tobacco educational work; In the Sibliography we have listed three text books. which are used'in the Public Schcols, These are characteristie~ and an exar~~.nation of Fh~ysicLogies used in the schools throughout the countrye will probably si:o:.; about the same amou,nt of space d9.otsd to the tobacco question;, in eac:~ ease, as we31. aa the same unscientific treatn:entE The anti-tobacco propaganda thus geto its start in the very first grade of school and is carried through to the high schoolQ as the teaching of Fhysio3ogy & Hygiene is coMpulsory@ F,: Fa Forest, Supta of Clarendon Cit~= (Arkansas) schools ~cants a rigid a.nti-cigarette law "As schooln~en he writes in the Little Rock Gazette "We feel that the uar has retarded our f ight against the cigarette ten or more years." • The Minneapolis, (Minnesota) Journal runs a colnrm3 each day containing a~letter written by a school principal. The particular point in each letter has been discussed and approTed by the Principa3.a N Forura, One letter warns of the cigaratte.menace and urges educational 0 ~ 6 s N W N ' ~ . ~O

MERCHANTS AS.SOClAT[ON of TtiE U.S. ~~. ~ ,v#--,wk among pupils on the question of anoking. A. C. Morris, rrincipol of Junior Eigh School of Independenees (Missouri) accompanied by 200 pupils appeared before CityCouncil ask. ing for an ordinance against sale of cigarettes to minors. The Principal of Richmond High School (Indiana) has conzpi3~ed statistics proving nonmamokers obtain greater honors in ath2etiesi' Inglish. mathernatics etc- Chancellor Day of S;rrs.cuse University (Sqracuse, N:Y,) is against students sr..olsing. "For Young N`en: it is not only foolish in appeerance,; but harmful to ones health". - StQnford Universibg, (Stanford_ Calif _) gives course -in srto1~.ng :. to det-rrrdne eff ects of tobacco ~ - _ Prof, Es.aset of Reeri college (Port3and- Ore -) in a lecture = - de3i~Vrc~d beiore his psyeha3o~ clzas ca3.iea aLtentic~n to the danger of ri._nterpreting statistics quoting some he collected in study of children in rittsburg slums xr1ch proved that smolsing children were brighter than others - a manifestly absurd conclusion." Profc Y- F. OtShea of University of Wiscor_sin 'tYad#.son.--Wiscj ~ is conducting experirents on a class of 24 girls- to detenrd.ne effecta o* smoking. Tests will take 6 months, and were began in Ju3.y~ 1920 Dr- J: 1.nox Mcntgomer-; of New Concora: professor in YuskinguM College has been elected President of the Ohio No Tobacco Z,eagtze, The Les.gue will conduct an active anti -cigarette campaign among the school children of the state: Mro CE F, Ricey Principal in th e public schools of Kansas Citf; Sansasp is eresident '%cf the Juvenile Defense Society of Xansas E the purpose of this Society i s to educate the growing generation against . t?^e "little *tihite SlaYer" ~ Many superintendents and school principals ' are members of t`ie societg~ . Dr: Claxt: n; U;, S_ Commission°r of Sducationg in addressing the Conference of New Eng3.and 8ducators stated that more money was spent for tobacco than education and more for cagarettes than for •teachers salaries-- In the Oxnard (Cal1fG•) zi.gh. Schoo3¢ T6 0c Wa3ting traveler_- ~ and lecturer addressed the Assembly on "Demoralizing Iffect cf Tobacco" while the Los Angeles Anti-Tobacco Society sas given the use of the public schools to conduct a series of lectures against the u.se.of tobaccoe At the Fullerton (Calif.) Ligh Sehoo.lo Dr. Davis of -the staff 0

TOdA(JCO MERCf1ANTS ASSOCIATION Of THE U.S% . z the American =fficiencT section of the American Bankers Lssn. • dressed the pupils on "Why Some People Fail". The aigarette habit was given as an outstanding cause of failure in sohoci work. In some cases Teachers' Associations have gone on record as . interested in anti-tabacco worY,- In Washington D. C, for, instance;•- the Brent Ilonke and School Association at its anmual aeeting dfscus-sed _ the need of a law to prevent sale of tobacco to rrsinors. At LafaTette~. Indiana, the Public School Teachers Council appointed a comnittee to investigate the cigarette question : Th-e Comr:ittao reconamended that teachers forrctu.late a definite plan for combatting cigarette evil among boys. At Baltimore- Md. the Friends School conducted a prize essay contest on "Reeping Fit" m The subject being the power of tobacco to render people unfito rrize winners were given subscriptions to Yo1 Tobacco Journal, ~ The Principals or School Boards have in some instances for- bidden pupils to sno!:Bf trs:zs the Prf ncipal of the Crosby Figh School (Sta:~t'ordQ ConnA has Por bidden pupils to smoke on their way to or frorn scaool; and students in The CentrqI High School, of Lima$ Ohio have . been forbidden to smoke rithin one block of the school, while in the following schools pupils found smoking may be expe].1.ed. ' Chico - California Waukegan ~ Illinois Lancaster < Pennsylvania Schuylkill Haren - Pennsylvania Dolgeville - New vork Takewood high School (C3evelandl Ohio Spanish Fork p Utah In Cheney (Washington) people living in a certain schoo3l dis- trict petitioned the city-council to enforce the law preventing sale of cigarettes to rsinors; and announced they would prosecute all dealers ` violating the 3aw, Students theriselTesa have gone on reaorda as being opposed to the smoking habit and in sonie schools there is active work along this Line among the student body.- The Engineering students at•Uni.ersity of Vinnesota (Minneapolis) have voted to abandon smoking on -the campus and the North B.igh School (Minneapolis) students issue aweek3T paper, in which a campaign against cigarette smoking i s conducted. The Freshmen at State Agrioultural School, Jonesboro (Arkansas) have taken a pledge not to use tobacco in any i'orm and have adoptedd a rule under xhic : violators of the pledge will be debarred from all Freshmen activities. A group of University of Pennsylvania men are carrying on an anti-tcbacco eampaign - pamphlets have been distributed with quotations 40 8 •

_ . .. , , ~ , ., . _. TObA0C0 M£RCHANTS ASSOCIATION Of TH£ U.3. • 0 .f;pm some of the profe s s ors shflring e.i ls of smoSd.ng. Y.IK.C.A. The Y. M,C.JL. is apparentlT s}ndertaking a ne• educational work ,emong hig.h sehool gnpils$ and is forming trhat are as.llea "Ei-Y" Clubs in high s4hools throughout the cotxntry. In IvAnston (Illinois) the 'X? : v' C2--b h=s a twofold purposo: (1) To discourage cigarette smoking among high school studentsf (2) To prosecute tobacco dealers who violate law of selling to rninorse Y In Dallas, (Texas) the"hi-Y" Club has had posters made giring 0 question were dal'Tered: . opinions of prominent men of Dallas on cigarette habit. These are dis=- played in schools8 Teachers xill allow the five minute oral English period to be used for discussion,of cigarette habit. It is interesting to note in this cormection that in January- 1918 :. t_tie Vationa3 off ice of the Y. k1- C. A;z suggested that branohe.s abolish all "No Sraok-Ir;g" si&ns in their buildings, and that propaganda against smoking be carried on by enn educational ca=r3ignr Another means of interesting students in the No-Tobacco qt:.estic- is by oratoriea3l contests at college meets etc ,~ The No-?'obaceo hsague is particularly actfve in this anci at the Second Annual Convention o_f tae Calit'ornisaRo ~:obacco League an Inter Collegiate Oratorical Ctntsst r.-as rcprc: 5-:::,tatrvo:; of si:; cc'ia.ages taking part "Tsvery phase of t'ie tobacco qu8zl%o3.~= was CoT•3T'8 d in t!2ase six orationns;"a according to a report of the co31t@stc The Inter-Collegiata Anti-Tobaoco Association which seems to be sponsored by the No-Tohacco Les.gue held a convention at McPherson (Ke.nsas) Gollegct Representatives f.rom three colleges took part in the oratorical contast; rhi3e at the Kansar Coi.lege Oratorical Coriast and convention held at Winfiey.d;. Kansss; 7 orations on the tobacco 0 fL aexand apparontly activ_,, wa; of ccMectir,g up the sc so^is W": t;3 eJc'1CEit1CX3^ai -Fti.Z-ry $ati&!sJ ti 81 CJ9 t= rf`l i ar°IIt=i e$cyi$.'R 5 Assoc:.ations", i'-h-e International anti-::Cl saret~a Leab=1 in a circialar 1€ L ter of ~'arci. i~-th states that t'~3e;~ ?~~avc ar-c:xra3 t:~c co4-opers.tion ct the Federated Ps.ront-Teachers Association and have rual2ed letters tv rsr,bars o; these ass;,ciations. The San Bernardino (Calif. ) Xot`aars and I-s.rerzt-Taachers Association annmnue that in conjunetion with the State Board of. Education they riL conduct a canpaign to educate its members in the effects of cigarette smoking on the growing boys At the initia2l meetQ ing the Supt. of Schoos.£ gave sa talk on this subject, - ~ The enforeement of the anti.-,cigarstte law was the.topic at the ~ 0 ~ W ~ ~ N

708A~CA MERCtIANTS ASSOCIATION Of TtiE tJ.S, rgeting of the 3au Claire9 (giso,) parent-Teaoh+srs Assn, WOM0S CLtT88 It does not appear that Wontens Club in genera]l have aoach interest in this tork, but a paper on the Washington State inti-Cigar- ette bil3l was read at the 1men s Coimeraial Clnb of Seattle-' while the women~ s Clubs Conference of, Indianapolia endorsed the work of the Anti°Cig+drette League,, The use of ci~arettes by •omen ias condemned by the General Federation of the Women s Clubs at the closing sessions of the biennial convention in Des Moines, in June 1820t A resolution adopted on the subject recited that the cigarette habit apparently is inoreasing among womens and that the use oi tobacco is herrriful to thems Further reso3.i..tions urging an educational campaign against the use of cigar- ettes by menr and asking State authorities to prohibit the sale thereof to minors, also were asopteda 40 10 ....

TOBAICO MERCHANTS ASSOCIATION Of T1iE U.S. PL~...RT S.: T1M INT'ERNATYONOL iNTI-EfIGARIE2T3 ]3AGUI 1 In addition to these organizations$ which were formed primarily for some other purpose and have taken up educational work against the use of tobacco as a secondary aatter, there are several strictly anti®tobacfco soeietieec The International Anti-Cigarette heague, whose work in connection with the "Mothers and Parent-Teacher'a Associations" has already been alluded to has offices in Chicago, and its President is hucy Page Gaston. Am ita name implies its work is entirely against the cigaretteQ its manud+ of orgeu"z&t.Lon i- u,,;, :,o i,._,n loczl branches, excepting in special instances, but to work through already existing organizations; such as the churches, Sunday Schools, Public Schools -and the W. C. T o II: Pamphle t s i ssued by the League are o "Eas the Cigarette Come to Stay", "Shall we give the boy a Square Deal". The League also sends out wircixlar letters containing stzte- rcents as to its Rork£ etc, The League has enlisted a number of churches in its worko r Dro D: fi: Sressa one of its representatives addressed a congregation in the Adventist Tabernacle of Utica, No Ya on the • "Relation of Health to ChristianitT". The Churches of Knox County (Illinois) hs.re aglreed to eo- operate with the League in an anti-cigarette carr,paign. In 1{inneapolisp idinna the League awarded a silver medal to the boy (12 years old) giving the best declamation on the evils of cigarette smoking; at the Children's Gospel Mission. According to the League's reportsp schools throughout the country have shown an interest in the work of the League, and in Chicago (Illinois) the School Administration Coriu-,ittee of t3e board of Tducation voted to allow Miss Gaston to conduct a camps.ign az::ong the school ohildreno ' At the annual meeting of the League- held in Chieago, March 1921 a Tlree•=Feel Moving ricture Film on Tobacco was shoerri, This film was made in the photographic 3aboratory of the Battle Creek Sanatarium. This Sanatfzrium is operated by the Kellogg Broso ® one of whom, Dr,. J. R. Kellogg has written - anti-tobaoco pamphlets which are circulated by the Board of Temperance of the kethodist Episeopal Chu.rch, - Miss Gaston has addressed sossen' s clubs, and has especiallf interested the Indianapolis Conference of,Women in her work. At this conference she announced the League would engage in a 5?ears esmpaign. ~ N w ~ cn r ~ N W

:TOBAQ.CO MERCHANTS ASSOCIATION Of THE U.S. State ilnti•Cigarette hsagnes have been fozmd in Cali=ornia, - 0'ltio, 8ansas, 8ebrasYa and IItah. These Leagues hold eonferences with addresses br their workers and officers, and at which anti-tobacco pledges are given ont. =__ = At a conference of the California League in Los Angeles one of -the -principal speakers was a fosmer t'resident of the Pareat-Teaohera Association._ The work of this League is especially di.reoted to the enforcing of the law forbidding cigarette sales to boys under 18 years, NO-TOBACC 0 IZAGUIC - This League was organized in Butler; Ind.o JantxarT 1915, There are state branches in California;. Indiana, Sans.as, Utah, and actfve workers in several of the other states, It regards the = cigarette as the most injurious method of using tobaccop but conU siders all tobacco harmful, Although the League has its individual = organization in the states named, it also does its work through sohools and churches by !zaTing its workers address school children; Sundag Schools, etca and co-operating with such agencies as the W,C.T.B. Since its founding, its workers have addressed about 80;000 • public school chiidren and visited 150 Sunday Schools, according to a statement made by :he League. The official organ of the League is the NonTobacco Journa7.,?' a monthly magazinea It has issued several pamphlets and booklets: RModern use of Tobacco " by Dr: D, He Kress; "Is the Tobacco Habit Injurious" by Frofa Irving Risher: "The Brown God and his White Imps" by Rev.-Theoe Fs Frech. (see Bibliography) The California League, gets college students to speak at their outdoor meetings which are held during the summe5, and also co-operates with the W.O.T.IIc of that state, Many of their workers are rotirsd ministers or former W,C.T.II. officers. This heague has also engaged in an active law enforcement campaign and there have been several arrests for selling to minors in Long Beach. The League`s~ final goal is to stop the growing of tobacco in California, to raise the age of those who can buy tobacco frorz-l8 to 21 and to prohibit the selling or advertising of cigarettes in the state, The Indiana League emphasizes its educational work among young peoples. would have snoking abolished in public places and is trying to create a sentiment Ahi.ah would result in magazines refusa ing stories, etc. featt.zring tobacco, According to published state- sients it -is planning an intensiTe campaign among grammar and high school pupils. 1OmTOBliCCO AR2dY A The No-Tobacco Arsuy was organized in Pittsburg, Pa, in 1919 •4 =-- having at its aims "to educate the public, especially children, before 0

ths~,.r have formed the tobacoo habit, to a]anoiledge of the evils of the use of tobacco and to secure by law the prohibition of the culture; sale or use of tobacco. It publishes the 'lTo-Tobacco Sducator", a monthly journal, and has issued a few leaflets; "Astounding Facts"; *EoT to -~ Measure Physical Degeneracy & Tobacco in . Adulte% (see Bibliography) ~-- ~r Dr..B. ;. Poland, the Sducational Director, addressed the ministers of the M. T. Churches of Pittsburg on the work of the League: The Methodist Ministerial Association endorsed the work of the heague; as did the Free Methodist Kinisterigl Association. The work of this organization has been done mostly in Pennsylvania, among the Churches, Sunday Schools, and school children. Dr. Poland claims to have addressed about 1?00 school children, since he took up the work. A neh_organization is The Narcoties-Abstinenee League with offices in Ann Arbor, Mich, which is trying to arrange a series of debates throughout the country on the question: "Resolved that tobacco as habitually used, is an- injury to mankind©n $dRin Faxon Osborn; who has had articles on The No-Tobacco Educator is head of the League. . l r. . To Suamiarizea Educational work against the use of tobacco is carried on chiefly by the folloring agencies (outside of the Anti-Tobacoo Societiei (1) The Anti-Ivarcotic Department of the WoC.T.U. (which is probably the most active of any of the •organizations.) (2) Board of Temperance of the Methodist Episcopal Church. (3) Board of Temperance and Moral Welfare of the Presbyterian Church. new the International Anti-Cigarette League. (5) The "ri-Y" Clubs of the Y.H.C.A. - This seems to be a organization. ~ (4) The Parent-=Teachers Association s'hich works closely with (6) By individual school Principals and school•boardsl There is much more educational work done in the middle and far West, than in the Bast, but in practically all instances the work is directed against the growth of the habit among boys of school age - the anti-tcbacconists having evidently adopted the idea that tobacco dealers have "to catch them young", There is indicated a decided .ri.ll- ingneas to prosecute dealers who violate the law against selling to minors, A The ~i. C. T. Lt. in addit ion to it s work among peopl9 of school ~ '_~ age is initiating apparently, a campaign against smoking by tomen, ~, 11 N

TOBAQCp 61ERCHANTS ASSOCIATION Of THE U.S, PART a. Bibliography (with notes) of Text Books and other Books written pftmrily for Students, irr whioh is also included pamphlets issued by a-some of_-.the Societies mentioned in the memorandun. =~-Davf-son,- Alvin: 31ealth .7jessons. Book 1. American Book Co, N.Y. 1910. This is for children up to the Fifth Grade. Has paragraphs on "Tobacco and the Bloodn, "Tobacco and the Brain", etc. One chapter is entitled "Tobacco and other_drugs which injure the health'. In this chapter there is a picture of a rattle snake (on the left) and a box of cigars (on the right) with the inscription "Tgere is mdre poison in the one on the -right than in the one on the left", Protest against the use of this book in the public schools was made by Dr. S, T. Little in the Roche ster, (fi. Y. ) Rerald, in April, 1920, 0 Krohn, W. 0. Graded lessons in physiology and hygiene. D.Appleton & Co. N. Y. 1908. Has paragraphs on "Effect of tobacco on Seart", "Sffect of tobacco on School Work", - "Tobacco Intemperance" , "C igarette Svi1". Under "The Cigarette wil" 9 instances are given of boys being refused employment because of cigarette smokinga juvenile delinquency increased; poor scholarship in schools attributed to same cause. Fink, Bruce Tobacco. Abingdon Press, N. Y. 1915 - This is by a Prof. of Botany in ldiama. University (Ohio) and was prepared primarily for use in that IIniversityy, but is apparently used in other colleges and high schools for supplementary reading. It is strictly anti-tobacco, .ery vell Yritten, and its pseudo-scholarsY~ip makes it very effective for propaganda xorY. i L has :. _bliogr.~.phy, with 112 titles listed, but they are all, practically, from either antiotobacco or temperance journals sources. Very few standard references are listed. The book would "take in" an unthinking persoa. Eenderson, Mary Foote : . Aristocracy of Health. 2Sarper & Bros.,i~1.Y.1906. This i s not a t e:ct-book, in the usual sense of the sor-:, but is written- by a teaoher of Physical Culture and htr pupils are urged to read it. It is a book of 800 pages, has chapters on "The Cigarette; "Tobacco"s Physicians and Tobacco". It is."anti", alcohol, tobacco, etc. A tiresome, pretensious boak; made up f or • the mo st part of quotati ons from other booka, o Ln N L `-.< a

r X&sher; Q.:. -c Berry Trlmer: ti P a i N Y a re n sa ,. PhysiQal effeots of amoYing. AssoQ 1927, This also is not a textbook, but was written by one of the physiaal directors of the International Cormn* of the Y.Id.C.A, and ia reaoffinended for reading to thOse .taYing "ayffi* uork. The book consists of the s of exp-.*_+~ir•%ts a"dP and nona smokers, who .rere taking a course at the international Y.k.C.A. College, Springfield, Hass* with.a brief -summary.- "The studies would indicate that the results of smoking are definitely hazncful". 3ias a bibliography 'of 80 references, for the most part from medical and popular magazines. Fisher, Irving & Fisl:, 3. L, o _ _ Row to Live. Funk & iNagnalls Co. iT.Y. 1917, "Author4 __ ized and prepared in collaboration with the gyg,iene Reference Board of the Life Exteneion Institutee This is suggested reading for members of the Institute to further the cause of individual hygiene. Hae a chapter "Notes on Tobac3ao" with a very brief E bibliography, It presents 9 conclusions all to the effect that the use_of tobacco is bad. L" Packs F, J. "Tobacoo and Buman Ifficiency", Deseret News, Salt Lake City, IItah, 1918. This is by the Prof. of GeologyD University of Utah. This is not a text book, but is suggested reading for students. Subjects _treated_range from "Composition of Tobacco and Tobacco : a..f1 fRti"< ° 1"nnb_ A ' '-- __ ... ~- --- ~ E 1 `.~AOYe TiO rL LODa(3¢0 iBGi .7jJ11'it 'a11 Vy • jsa w vvva i v similar in make-np to Tobacco by Bruce Fink, but is a larger boolC and has a"Yoxmon Tri st.* Ford, Eeary: Case against the little White Slaver. Eenry Ford. d t t d di o: ca e e Detroit, Yichigan. 1916. Th3.s book is "My Friend,.the American Boy" , and was the re sult of an interview which bs gave out after discussing the cig;arette habit with Thomas A. Edison and the late Jo Burroughs. In this interview he said: "The listory of almost any criminal reveals that he is an inveterate cigarette smoker." Mr, reraival c, xill replied in a public letter to these and other charges of Mr. Ford and this book is the result of the correspondence between the two, Besides Mr, liill' a letter the pamphlet has shaptera such as: "Ealf the Liquor ratients-smoke cigarettes"; "Now Cigarettes affect Boys' School Act`-vities"; "Kill the Rabit, or it will 8ill You;* 'Cigarettes caused Insanity"; "Eow lbaployers feel toward Cigarette 3mokers," The pamphlet has 76 pages, contains a foreword by Yr, Zdison and also his photograph. 15 ~ ~ 0 W w ILn %0 N v

tOM' S C?lRISTIAN TIMPERilNC][ VITIaN ~_h A Roman, Prof. F.V, g Nicotine Next. National omen' a Christian Semperanoe IInion. =vanston, Ill.,1918. This ia by a Profeasor . aourse of Study in 'these Branches 18 suppoee4 to take four years and to cover alcohol and tobacco problems --far -the Young People'a Branch of the #.C.T.Q. The of Zconomica of Ppracuse IIniversity, and is the fourth :-in a-aeri®s of four_ books ab.ioh is published primarily form the standpoint of science, economics and -"correctiTe agencies." This is a paper bound pamphlet of 75 pages and covers such aubgecte as "Waste of Lexid" ;"Destruction of Property ; "Tobacco and the War"; "Why Yen Smoke". In this latter chapter the - author aays:."Tobacco is parasitic and one of the n 0 a ~ vor2.d.a s-greatest eTils" fl In the ahapters8 "Tobacco -and the War", the author cites instances to prove his contention that smoYing interfered with the soldier's efff.cieocy; and that in some commands smoY== ing was absolutely prohibited, "The giving of tobacco to soldiers" was conceived and fostered by the tobacco manufacturers rather than by the consumers of tobacco,," At the end of each chapter there is a set of review questions, Tracg;. Roger S~ Outlines of Anatomy: physiology and hggiene. Noc 3 American Book Coo NY,, 1889. ~ This is used for r7s.gh School Grades and is endorsed by the Supte of the Dept, of Scient3.fic Instruction of the W~CoT.II,: There are paragraphs on "3ffeot of Tobacco on the Blood" "]tffect of Tobacco on the Nervous System" Q etc, In The Iffeet of Tobaceo ca thfl Heart' after d3czribing the symmptoma, the s tatraent i s madn a "3'he se are the eymptc}ms c+t`fenest produced by t'~Le smrk_'ng of cigar -ettesF and they h:v,_ aome~imes beeL attributed to the paper in which the tobacco is wrapped, or to the drugb with which it is adulterated; b~ti-I th.; s ts mere beat.- ing about the bunhY The mos t huz*tful iugred.ient of the cigsrette is the tobacco." Pamphleta issued by the W.C.T.II. Burning up the Bread Big koneg in -It - - Thro Cigarettes & Rifle Shooting Lesson from Juvenile Conrts Questiona for Father Baseball Pitching & Smoking Tobacco as a Robber Sidelights on the Tobacco avil Invest in a Boy Nicotin.e Bestroys. C

T MER CHANTS ASSOC[ATION OF THE U.S. - Board -of in~em _raaae a*+~i k n~ t~clfare q of vhe Fres?a .,~rf.c~ • h as 8aue'~' lbouF'3d""'"pampT:3ets on t~ co ae ," o'3 nly a few ara listedA PBmphletso gome_ tbings- a- Cigarette will do for ita 1*riends. Camouflage a-'the -Cigarette Laads,all Xnemies Wise Counsel Suggestions for Teaching a Temperance Lesson Yoiaon Bullets _ The Xoo~aom3c ~faste of Tobacco Sources of Information concerning the Tobacco Question Cigarettes against the Future Cigarette is a Thief. Board of Temperanre= ,rohibitiona et~ - of Methodist Episcopal Church Pamphlets: FeIlogg; Ja Rc ^~obac4o roisons Diseaees Caused b7 Tobace~ti L Deoav of Americ:.~ ~:anhvLC~ jLaricY, Rev, C : Cm ym.inent Authorities sho Condema the Cigarette ~ The Smoke ~ia;te ':a~Y~.ni. ~+~..cz~' Foisonous Gases in iiar Fisher; 33~r,GeooJdCase against Smo3~rs Riddell; N, Y~a Alcohol & Tobac...} ~. i2son, T}r Clarence T: The Reformers New Prugram or after t~ar Prohibition- What? N4, -TOBACC:~ I~:~Gi7S a ~- ~ t ~'rech. T;F< 1 The Brown God and nis White Imps L H.: 1~s.~hley Pub= But ler ; Ind, n, d ~ In the f oreaord the p~.ir~.i shar states that "the tobacco eall: next to ~hs l:.quor t~°aS'fi:- is the greatest evil irn this land~' Sc~r~; as the C•Lt~rA are "The Sacrifice of Mone~t" F"Bo~r Ts~bacc,. ,rfe~.ts the Body" ="The Deadly Cigarette" ---"The Anti. Toba4%:u Battieg _ "The most injurious for~: ir wh~•~;h tobacco as used is th,,e c~.garette, but it is the meichod fl# amok~•n~Z.- rather th~.~z the poisonous content of ~-he ~,igax-atts s~:uLh makes it specially injurioush , is one of ~:h~ stat€3r.ten+ -~ made in the bool~: N . ~

TOBIiiCCO MERCHANTS ASSOCIATION Of THE. li.S. ~~ess, Dr. D. H. Modern Use of Tobacco, Published by No-Tobaoco Leaguee A little pamphlet of 16 pages, made up of quotations from doctorsi school teachers, etc. "ldankin8 is be,=- eoming alcohol and tobaeeo mad. The:nervoua system is crumbling, owing to its saturation-wsth~ a].coh_o1 and nicotine. -- ~ - _- -_ . - - To Su=narize: The Text-Books go far beyond the scientific poizt fri their steternents aeairst the use of tobaceo. ^f the other books listed "Tobacco" by Bruee Fink is the most scholarly and effective from the anti-tobaeconist point of viex o In hi s summary he says : "Ho conc 2uding word s can adequately condemn tobaccoa" I~-~ Au~ust ].919L the Philadelphia Schools baaned ~ text-bcok or: Physiology- which had been authorized by the W:V:T.-U, bece.usc it Vu.s c'vxijrram.r!atical;, unintelligent and biasedo" _ In February 1920 the Indianapoli s schools refused t o let the t'o--TobUccc :,eaza- circulate Qr.ti-tobacco pledges emong students, 1 N ' ~ _ lA