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Nicotine applied as free nicotine and nicotine tartrate to different tobaccos to increase N/T ratios in smoke. Nicotine was delivered in smoke in the same manner as naturally ocurring nicotine. The nicotine treated samples were so strong that they were unpleasant to smoke. "Only a small addition of free nicotine was needed to provide the impact of a higher nicotine cigarette." Suggestions for further work: Determine level of free nicotine necessary to provide "popular" impact; investigate ways of aplying nicotine/ nicotine salts to RL; investigate nicotine additions to different parts of production process.
Delineates proposed research in support of a project whose objectives are: 1) the development of a low tar cigarette with a "taste level of a Kent Golden Light" and 2) the development of an 8mg tar delivery cigarette with the "taste level of a Marlboro." Notes that technology developed in this project will be applied to improvements of other brands marketed "by the company." Discusses the technical and organizational difficulties involved in finding successful ways in which nicotine delivery relative to tar can be increased "so the new products would have an appealing impact to the smoker."
Lists toxicology, mutagenicity and physiological effects of tobacco additives.
Summarizes attempts to migrate nicotine to ion exchange resins and "then elute nicotine from the resin in a cigarette filter." Discusses possibilities for future studies. Includes references and tables of the results. No images of document, only OCR.
Reports on a series of ten experiments using six variables, "to determine which of the tested variables contribute to the formation of pyrazine, methylpyrazine, and dimethylpyrazine." Determines that the formation of pyrazine "is the least specific reaction and the formation of dimethylpyrazine is the most specific." Discusses experimental design, preparation of the treated tobacco samples, and interpretation of the results. Includes table of composition of amino acid mixture and relative amounts of pyrazine and alkylpyrazines in roasted samples. Notes that the applications were not uniform, therefore the results were not the same. Offers suggestions for further studies, particularly a study of the pyrazine compounds found in tobacco smoke, their levels, their effect on taste and flavor, and the contribution changes in pyrazine levels would make to flavor. Attaches four figures, one for experimental design and two for Plackett-Burman Design for 10 Experiments.
Reports on a exploratory study of menthol smokers' perceptions of 'menthol' versus 'non-menthol' cigarettes. Describes study methods, involving 37 participants interviewed in five focus groups (according to gender, African American, White) and outlines how participants were selected. Comments that menthol smokers predominantly attribute irritation to tobacco not to menthol content; in fact, most participants viewed smoking generally irritating if not done in moderation. Notes that respondents pinpointed irritation as occurring in the throat than in any other part of the body. Discusses participants' perceptions of taste and flavor and irritation and harshness with reference to tobacco blend and menthol content. Requests participant feedback to various concept statements being studied, for example: "This Menthol Cigarette Has The Highest Level of Menthol Taste Possible Without High Irritation," which resulted in a predominantly negative reaction, except for the black male focus group. Gauges responses for possible names of the new brand. Reports that participants were asked to smoke four different cigarette brands (Newport, Salem, Kool, Special Menthol) at the end of the session, noting that "[t]hey were unable to relate a cigarette" to the concepts that had been discussed. States that the Special Menthol cigarette was received as being similar in harshness and strength to Kools, which was received favorably by the African-American male focus group. Includes an appendix, which contains background and demographic information of all the focus group participants, interview schedule, and outline of the group interview proceedings.
Questions the perception of technical and physical characteristics with both consumers and expert graders. States an interest in any results that may have already been tabulated relating to absolute volume and two year growth patterns, as well as taste, impact, physiological strength and smoothness. Cites panel results, consumer and expert grading results for non-filter brands on a filtered item scale. Requests available consumer information on perceptions of filters, aging, and tobacco texture. Questions feasability of using additional alkaloids to modify and/or enhance the phramalogical effects of nicotine. Suggests incorporating into cigarette form of benefits associated with activities closely related to cigarette smoking, such as drinking coffee.
Lorillard document of Chilcote speech discussing the public smoking issue as a "weak" issue promulgated by nonexistent science. Describes how the Institute's four spokesmen reach 40 million people. Discusses Institute public relations campaigns capable of "overshadowing Dr. Weis" (an anti-industry scientist) as an issues management strategy. Similarly, in the area of fire safety he notes we are moving quickly with fire safety programs to preempt the "self-extinguishing" cigarette battles in at least 13 states in 1987. Discusses consultant's study in Europe and concludes that "European Firefighters feel that 'self-extinguishing' cigarettes make no sense." Discusses grant to The Foundation for Fire Safety intended to fund research and describes TI request for another funding solicitation to deal with projects smoke detector projects. Describes grassroots lobbying efforts to combat fire safety issue. Mentions how TI expects returns from giving campaign contricutions. Concludes by discussing cursorily national issue management efforts on excise taxes and proposition movements.
Outlines Lorillard's plans for a new low tar, low irritation, menthol cigarette. Notes that the new product will target younger, better educated, higher income urban dwellers who are dissatisfied with their current brands. Discusses reasons why smokers are usually dissatisfied with their current brand, noting that certain brands are perceived as having "undesirable physical symptoms" and that the cigarette controversy has caused smokers to be concerned with smoke ingredients, and that to solve these problems, consumers usually switch to menthol cigarettes or a low-tar, light, or mild cigarette. Discusses results of a 1976 switching study, market share, promotion strategy, and includes charts of spending plans for the first and second years of initiation of the product on the market. Notes that "[t]he tone of the advertising will position LTM as a new and important alternative to smokers experiencing dissatisfaction, and a brand with which smokers can feel comfortable associating."