Product Design
Winston - Marlboro Comparison Study
Abstract
Study tests smokers' plasma nicotine concentrations after smoking Winston or Marlboro cigarettes. Uses human subjects to smoke one brand per appearance, with one puff every forty five seconds for a total of nine puffs. Presents results from Project GT tests. States the goal of developing a product with reduced tar comprable to an FFLT cigarette through the addition of nicotine levulinate, similar to Project GTX.
Fields
- Hypothesis
- Behavior TargetingCigarette's effect of enhancing/mitigating specific behaviors
- Keyword
- Behavior targeting
- Blood nicotine
- Brand differences
- Consumer acceptability (Consumer preference)
- Flavor/ Taste (Attribute measure)
- Human testing
- Nicotine delivery (Smoke nicotine or nicotine yield)
- Smoothness/Harshness (Attribute measure)
- Blood nicotine
- Additive
- Levulinic acid
- Smoke Constituent
- Nicotine
- Total particulate matter
- Carbon dioxide
- Total particulate matter
- Design Component
- G7 (RJR @reconstituted_tobacco)
- Operation/Project
- Project GT
- Project GT-X
- Project XGT (1989 Smoker Behavior Study)
Study to compare puffing and breathing patterns and plasma nicotine concentrations. - Project GT-X
- Named Organization
- Federal Trade Commission (Enforcement agency for laws against deceptive advertising)Enforces laws against false and deceptive advertising, including ads for tobacco products. Ensures proper display of health warnings in ads and on tobacco products;collects and reports to Congress information concerning cigarette and smokeless tobacco advertising, sales expenditures, and the tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide content of cigarettes.
- Brand
- Winston (RJR)
- Marlboro (PM)
- Premier Brand Cigarettes ("Smokeless" cigarette by RJR in the early 1990s)
"Smokeless" cigartte marketed by RJR in the early 1990s. Stationary furnace devices such as this operate by separating the combustion material (carbon) from the aerosol generating material (mostly glycerol) such that the inhaled by-products yielded upon smoking are the distilation products (glercerol and water) rather than combustion products (nicotine + smoke constituents). This is one reason why this product failed in market. Flavoring is derived from tobacco, nicotine, the paper roll and sprayed dried extract. Addition flavor of primarily rasberry ketone and chocolate was also added to enhance tobacco taste and give rise to a "pleasing aroma" in the smoke. This added flavor was a major reason that Premier failed in market as the taste was very different from conventional cigs.- Vantage (RJR)
- Now (RJR)
- Marlboro (PM)
- Subject
- Levulinic Acid (Additives)reduces the harshness of cigarettes
- Blends (Design)
- nicotine technology
- Blends (Design)
Document Images
SALIVA SAMPLES TAKEN AT 0, 7.5 AND 10 MIN
SUBJECTS RINSE WITH CLASSIC COKE & WATER
BEFORE EACH SALIVA SAMPLE
PLASMA I SALIVA NICOTINE COMPARISON .
NOW NO-INHALE
PLASMA RISE 7 PLASMA RISE 10
SALIVA RISE 7 0.596 -0.047
(0.05) (0.88)
0.202 0.227
SALIVA RISE 10
(0.55) (0.40)
NOW INHALE
PLASMA RISE 7 PLASMA RISE 10
0.271 0.318
SALIVA RISE 7
(0.39)
(0.34)
0.323 0.596
SALIVA RISE 10
(0.31)
(0.28)
t
WINSTON NO-INHALE
PLASMA RISE 7 PLASMA RISE 10
-0.229 -0.342
SAUVA RISE 7 (0.47) (0.27)
-0248 -0.401
SALIVA RISE 10
(0.44)
(0.20)
WINSTON INHALE
PLASMA RISE 7 PLASMA RISE 10
SAUVA RISE 7 -0.137 -0.137
(0.67) (0.67)
SAUVA RISE 10 -0.063 0.000
(0.85) (1.00)
Maxi mum lVi eo ti ne "Ri se
WI NSTON- MARLBORO
All Smokers 14.2 16.4
(9.1- 24.0) (6.9 - 31.5)
Winston Smokers 14.9
(9.1- 24.0)
Marlboro Smokers ` ~ 13.6
(10.4 - 19.6)
18.3
(9.9 - 31.5)
~
~
N
~P
N.z c o t.z ne L e vu11 na t e S t udy - 1987
NOW 85 - NOW 85 TEST 6RoLP (7 MALES, 3 FEMALES)
hW1SM MA INSTREAM SMOKE YIELDS
NOW 85
NICOTINE (mglcig) 0 18 0.77
(0.37 -1.27)
WTPM (mg/cig) 9.47
(4.2 -16.9)
TAR' (mglcig) 1.8 7.15
(2.9 -12.5)
T/N RATIO 10 9.1
(6.1-11.6)
NOW 85 TEST
0. 51 1.68
(0.95 - 2.50)
12.75
(5.2 - 23.1)
2.0 8.8
(3.2 -15.5)
3.9 5.0
(3.2 - 6.5)
1990 - PROJECT GTX STUDI ES
~ Sensory and Biobehavioral Testing of 5 ULT
Prototypes With Experimental G-7 Sheet.
1. Control - High Nicotine Blend
2. Levulinic Acid
3. Nicotine Levulinate
4. Malic Acid
5. Nicotine Malate
0 Results:
SED data indicate Nicotine Levulinate offers
significant smoothing characteristics relative
to the other Experimental G-7 sheets.
Biobehavioral data analysis currently underway.
Best-guess from review of preliminary data would
indicate these cigarettes were not comparable to
the early GT (Lawson) Prototypes.
~ Recent informal testing, coupled with previous data
suggest the following:
flIWF
Great deal of interest developed in Project GT as a
result of these and other studies. However, two
issues impacted on progress in this area:
1. Development of PREMIER (Resources)
2. Additive issue - Nicotine Levulinate.
Projects XGT and GTX shifted to Flavor Division
Task: Explore alternate methods/sources for
enhancing nicotine yields of low 'tar' products.
Four Approaches:
PaoJEcr
xGr
PRoRcr
WX
1. Tobacco Essence
2. Blending of High Nicotine Tobaccos
3. Alternate Fillers (Reduced 'Tar')
- 4. Nicotine Levulinate Sheet
Using technologies 1, 2, and 3, 17 prototypes were
developed and tested. All were technically
successful. In general, all had low consumer
acceptance (1 exception).
1990 - Sensory and Biobehavioral Tests of Low
T/N Products w/ Enhanced Nicotine Yields.
r""
-0
..
.m
ow
+
I
I
t
I
t
#~~t:OJEP:T LTN - PART IAL - TAS,K - L I ST
P&AT
TRIALSf .CQKW~ MER TESTING,
PROAUC7 STANOAR0S COMMITTEE
PRODUCT REVIEW COMMI.TTEE;.
;. . MARKETINia/*RAO C40RDINATION
PT&D / AVOCA
PRODUCTION OF NICOTINE SALTS
B.I0/BI0
NICO'CiNE SA . LT -INHALATION STUDY
PL--/~SMA NICOTINE/ SMOKING':;'::
BEHA11~1ORt SATISFACTION STUDIES
.s.
., . .
,
MATERIAL_ HANDUNG/ SAFET.Y; ~ ~:
PRQDUGT SAFETY EVALUATION.V
DEMONSTRATION OF PRODUCT.
PRODUCTION CAPABIUTIES
F.LAVORING/ R&D PLANT TESTf-NG
, ~~ . .. .
FATE. STUDIES OF NICOTINE S4TS
;
: PRODUCT PERCEPTIOW
AGING STUDIES
,,.
'LEGAL / LAW:
LEGAL RISK ASSESSMENT.r"
E0809 ~' ~, .
6ZET
MA INS TREAM SMOKE YIELDS
FTC METHOD
NOW 85 NOW 85
TEST Wl NSTON
UL 100 WI NSTON UL
100 TEST
'TAR' (mg/cig) 1.80 2.00 4.60 4.90
NICOTINE (mglcig) 0.18 0.51 0.38 0.81
T/N RATIO 10 3.9 12.1 6.0
CO (mglcig) 2.9 3.1 75 6.7
eview the us:e of organic acids and~ nicotine salts,
~
. , .
.:.i~~~ tobacco bu~ning cigarettes, and recent attempts:
.
f
.
~+:~t:b develop ari`:~~~~:u{tra-low 'tar' cigarette;: with enhanced
totine yield:',"''
