Product Design
Psychophysical and Electrophysiological Studies of Nicotine and Related Trigeminal Stimulants
Abstract
Report seeks to understand the neural mechanisms underlying the taste properties of nicotine, along with related human psychophysical and animal electrophysical experiments. Plans on using both human and rat experiments. Proposes projects on sensory effects of nicotine on the tongue, pharmacology of nicotine irritation, and interaction between nicotine and menthol.
Fields
- Author
- CARSTENS, EE
- OMAHONY, M
- Hypothesis
- Smoking psychology and behavior
- Neurobiology
- Sensory effectsTechnologies used to measure, control, or alter sensory effects
- Keyword
- Electrophysiology
- Technology/Method
- PREP
- Subject
- nicotine technology
- Pharmacology (Effects)
- Sensory Effects—Impact (Effects)
Document Images
Y
I
Psychophysical and .
Electrophysiological Studies of
Nicotine and Related Trigeminal
Stimulants
Principle Investigators:
Michael O'Mahony, Ph.D.
Department of Food Science
Earl E. Carstens, Ph.D.
Biological Sciences
University of California, Davis
£Z£IZI£90Z
u
I
Obj ective:
To Better Understand the Neural
Mechanisms Underlying the
s
f0
Sensory (Taste) Propertip
'
Nicotine and RelatediEuman
Psychophysical and Animal
Electrophysiological
Experiments.
vZ£jZ1j90Z
Business Purpose:
To Understand the Contribution of
Nicotine to Flavor.
Knowledge to Be Gained:
A Characterization of the Taste and
Trigeminal Properties of Nicotine.
General Methods:
All of the Proposed Studies Will Be
Conducted in Both Human and Animal
Models.
Y
1
Human Studies:
All Human Psychophysical Studies Will Employ 2
- Alternative Forced Choice (2- AFC) Intensity
s-in~ Sid
Ratin e of the Ton ~
gs Co~P g One gue to
the Other. One Side of the Tongue Is Treated
While the Other Side Serves As a Control.
Animal (Rat) Studies:
All Animal Electrophysiological Studies Will
Employ Stimulation of the Tongue While
Recording From the Trigeminal Nucleus
Ca~dalis.
Proposed Projects
Project I: Sensory Effects of Nicotine on the
,
Tongue and Interactions With Capsaicin.
Research Plan
Experiment 1:
. Investigate the Effects of Repeated Application of Nicotine and
Capsaicin to the Tongue.
Exp eriment 2:
. Determine Whether Pretreatment of the Tongue With Nicotine
Produces Desensitization to Nicotine and/or Capsaicin.
Exp eriment 3:
. Determine Whether Pretreatment of the Tongue With Capsaicin
Produces Desensitization to Capsaicin and/or Nicotine.
Proposed Projects
I
Proj ect II: Pharmacology of Nicotine Irritation.
Research Plan
Exp eriment 1:
. Determine Whether Irritation Evoked by Nicotine, but Not
Capsaicin, Is Attenuated by Pretreatment of the Tongue With
Mecamylamine.
Experiment 2:
s t"-~
. .
. Determine Whether Response~to Nlcotl.ne Are Reduced by
Pretreatment With Other Nicotinic and Muscirinic Antagonists. U
N
° Experiment 3:
w
~ . Determine Whether the Putative Capsaicin Receptor Antagonist,
~ Acetylsalicylic Acid, Reduces Capsaicin - but Not Nicotine -
Evoked Irritation of the Tongue.
Philip Morris USA CONFIDENTIAL
Proposed Projects
Projecf V: Interaction Between Nicotine and
Other Tastants.
Research Plan
Experiment :
. Determine How Nicotine and Bitter Tastants Interact When Place~
on the Tongue.
b'brg/Z~/F 02OZ'
1
Proposed Projects
I
Proj ect III: Interaction B etween Nicotine and
Menthol.
Research Plan
Exp eriment :
+ Determine How Menthol and Nicotine Interact on the Tongue.
Proj ect IV: Psychophysical and Electrophysiological
Investigation of Other Irritants.
Research Plan
Experiment :
. Investigate the Sensitizing Effects (i.e., Sensitization,
Desensitization and Cross- Sensitization) of the Other Irritants
Placed on the Tongue.
The Proposed Granting Period Is Three
Years. Time to Completion for Individual
Experiments Is Not Specified in the Pre-
Proposal.
