Tobacco Documents Online

RESM ri Ea 9, ATA A Review of 33 U1. S. Patents Disclosing Means Claimed-. to be Useful in Making a Self-Fixtinquishing Ci"rette A review has been made of the 33 patents listed in the t:ndy of this me^~orandsm to determine the nature of any means disclosed or claimed for mat:inq a self-extinnuis5ing cigarette. These means have been grouped and appear belorr mainiv under five 5eadinnss which indicate the general nature of the features disclosed: (1) Application of Silicates tn Decrease Burn Rate and Solidifv Ash; (2) Use of a Sheath to Enclose the Cigirette Partially or Totally; (3) +4.e3ns-to Terminate Cigar+*tte 3urnihg at a Predetermined Point; (4) Use of Asbestos or Glass as a Cigarette tlrapper; and (5) !ieans to Decrease Cigarette Burn Rate. Additional detail is provided in the attachment._ (1) Application of Silicates to Decrease Durn Rate and Solidify Ash Generally, silicates have the effect of making the paper less porous and as a result slots the cigarette burn rate. They may also soften and weaken the ;+aner or make it'brittle. It is claimed that silicates foam producing an ash with increased integrity or form a cage to enclose the coal. The silicate is vsually aeplied to the paper but may also be added to the tobacco. Some of these patents specify silicate with a designated Si02 content, while others claim the use of acids which may form Si02 when added to the silicate. We are not sure at this time whether acids-formed during cigarette combustion might also react with the silicate to form at 'least some Si02. An additional patent disclosing the use of materials other than silicates but vlith-a similar effect on the ash is the first in this list. The patents in this category are shown below: U. S. Patent No. Inventor Distinguishing Characteristics 1,879,128 Desper .lnunonium phosphate, ammoni= sulfate, sodium tungstate and boric acid'are applied to the paper. 1,905,416 Low Silicates only are applied to the paper 2,026,552 Low Silicates plus potassium nitrate are applied to the aaper. 2,049.3260 Ruben- Glycerine, starch and talc are added to the silicate hefore application of the mixture to the paper. N 3,0130,963 Cohn 0.013 gm Si02/cm2 as silicate is applied to the ciVarette Q paper. Q N 3,133,914 Cohn Silicate is added to the tobacco. r~ O rP Crl RESTRIDTED DATA ~

ttr.. Sprinkle ' -2- ~ 7 ~ ~e'r-T~,~1 U. S. Patent P#o.' Inventor Distinauishinn Characteristics 4,044,778 Cohn Silicate and specific pH lovrering materials are used to treat the paper. 4.146,040 Cohn Silicate and acids, carhohydrates, humectants and fire retardants are applied to the paper. (2) Use of a Sheath to Enclose the Cinarette Partially or Totally Cun;;ersome devices, which seem innractical for routine use. are disclosed. The patents in this category are shown belou: . U. S. Patent 'io. Inventor Distinguis5inq Characteristics 1,770,616 Kean The cigarette is totally enclosed by perforated'foil or : - other non-burning material. 3,165,105 Campbell A fireproof trough plus a snuffer band and suoport for the cigarette are disclosed. 3,220,4ia Cohn The cigarette is totally enclosed by a perforated sheath which may be paper treated with silicates, ttorates or • phosphates. Alternatively, the sheath may ~e made of foil, _ glass•fibers or asbestos shreds. 3,886,954 tiannema A total cigaiette sheath, composed of materials such as asbestos, metallic foil or ceramic is disclosed. (3) !'eans to Terminate Ciaarette Qurnina at a Predetermined Point This group of patents includes a variety of means intended to•terminate cigarette burning.A band,of non-combustible material is applied to the cigarette in some instances. In others, the tobacco may be treated with a fire retardant ard in still others a metal barrier is inserted in the tobacco column. The effect of each of these is to shorten the column of tobacco which may be burned. The same result could obviously be realized by making the cigarette Initially with a shorter tobacco' column. The patents in this category are sho%,m below: U. S. Ratent Vo. Inventor 1,555,320 rleil 1,798,537 Honigbaum 1,996,002 Seaman Distinauishing Characteristics A band of leaf tobacco or extra paper is applied to the cigarette. A band of non-flar,mable undisclosed material is aenlied to the ciqarctte. A portion of wrapper is treated with ohenol-aldehyde resin containing a fire retardant. REST~~CTED DATA

hZsi ;ir~3Ll~ 7:i1I i~ • Mr. Sprinkle -3- tiovember 19, 1979 U. S. Patent 1lo. 1,999,222 2,013,5013 2,246,929 2,547,119 2,666,437 2,746,890 3,091,243 3,102,543 3,228,145 3,523,432 3,702,117 3,977,416 Inventor Distinguishing Characteristics Weinberger Applied in a zone inside the wrapper is a band of undefined material, i'ntended to cause the coal to coalesce into a mass (agglutinate). Seaman A band containing zinc sulfide is applied to the cigarette. Seney A pellet of crinkled foil is inserted into the tobacco column. Henderson A verforated fireproof disc is placed in the tobacco column. Lattof Ffax or paraffin is applied to a section of the tobacco column. ~ _ Legler Cork, quinine or rubLer is added to one end of the -tobacto column. suida A hand composed of foil-polyolefin-foil is applied to the cigarette. 0'Siel Rosenthal Stossel Sorthwick A band of cellulose taDe is applied to one end of the cigarette. An aluminum foil sleeve with an internal fire barrier is placed near the middle of the cigarette. Tobacco in one end of the cigarette is made flameproof by treatment with a polyamide of an oxyacid of phosphorus. One sectfion of the tobacco column is treated with an oil, lard or tallow. Akiba A cigarette filter, with a sleeve may be removed to serve as coal snuffer. (4) Use of Asbestos or Glass as a Ciaarette Wrapper Very little needs to be said concerning the suitability of using akbestos or glass in the manufacture of cigarettes. Patents in this category are shown belou,': . ~ : ... ' RESTR,~~ED DATA "' 0

, htr..~ Sprinkle -4- !lovember 19, 1979 U. S. Patent 'Jo. Inventor Dis tinauishinciCharacteristics 253,a41 Carpenter _ Cigarette paper•includes asbestos. 1,020,864 Whitnore The cigarette wranper is made from asbestos and starch. 1,744,615 Crosthsrait A thin asbestos or firc-Proof treated paper is usad to enclose the tobacco column. 2,998,012 Lam The cigarette v:raoaer is co^+nosed of fine glass fibers, diatomaceous earth (Si02), calcium carF.onate, nronylene glycol and glycerine. Sodium carhox-me4hyTcellulose serves as the adhesive. . (5) Ndans to Decrease Cinarette 3urn Rate It is well l.novm that if the cigarette burn rate is sufficiently decreased, the cigarette will self-extinguish if not puffed; however, it is also well known that the number of puffs will be increased, resulting in a higher FTC "tar" yield. The patents in this category are shown below: U. S. Patent ~lo. Inventor ')istinc,uishina Characteristics 2,147,889 Gardiner Egg albumin is applied to the cigarette paper apparently to make it less porous and to decrease burn rate. Effect on smoke.taste is probably.profound. 2,329,927 Morton "An aqueout solution of borax and salt" are aoolied to the cigarette paper "to cause the wrapper to burn more slowly than the filler". PHL 11/19/79 R~ST~~~"tED D~Ta