Product Design
Subject: Reconstituted Tobaccos in Competitive Brands
Abstract
Reports on a study comparing the reconstituted tobacco of Philip Morris with competitor companies. Discusses what kind of reconstituted tobacco each company has, how many types, and the process by which each type is made. Attaches appendices documenting each of the companies' type(s) of RL.
Fields
- Author
- Johnson, V.C.
- Philip Morris
- Recipient
- Dunn, William L., Jr., Ph.D. (PM Smoker Psychology Principal Scientist 1970s-80s)Principal scientist at PM during the 1970s and 1980s, nicknamed the "Nicotine Kid." Supervised Victor DeNoble, Paul Mele, Carolyn Levy and others. Led "smoker psychology" programs for PM.
- Hind, J. D. (PM)Principals
- Mace, C.V. Dr.
- Mason, J.Y.
- Merritt, Henry B. (PM Research Center)
- Resnik, Frank Edward (Vice Pres., then Pres. and Chairman of Bd, Philip Morris)TI Executive Committee. Prot駩 of Clifford Goldsmith. Vice President Philip Morris, Inc. from 1979 to 1984. President in 1984 and served on the Board of Directors from 1985 to 1989.
- Saleeby, Roger N., Jr. (employee of PM)
- Seligman, Robert B. (PM VP of R&D c. 1976-82)Vice President of Research and Development at Philip Morris Richmond, VA 1976-1982. Reported to Senior Vice President of Operations. In 1982 transferred to tobacco technology group. Wanted to share ammonia and other tobacco technology with PM International companies.
- Staley, John (PM)
- Hypothesis
- Design changes over timeChanges in cigarette design over the past half century.
- Use of tobacco processing/ blendsModification of tobacco products through changes in tobacco processing and use of blends, and measuring effects on dependence, behavior, and toxicity.
- Design Component
- Blended leaf (BL)
- Paper recon (Paper machine manufactured reconstituted sheet)Method for manufacturing @reconstituted_tobacco
- Reconstituted leaf (RL)PM @reconstituted_tobacco, c. 1970s-1980s
- Woodpulp fiber
- Named Organization
- American Tobacco Company
- Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation (B&W)Subsidiary of BAT U.S., located in Louisville, KY.
- Liggett & Myers Inc. (Pioneer in the generic cigarette business)Cigarette manufacturer; Pioneer in the generic cigarette business; L&M is the manufacturer of Chesterfield, Decade, Dorado, Duke of Durham in 1958, Eagle, Eve, L&M, Lark, Pyramid and Stride cigarettes
- Lorillard Tobacco Co. (American cigarette manufacturer)American cigarette manufacturer; makes Kent, MaxSatin, Newport, Old Gold, Style, and True cigarettes.
- R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. (Cigarette manufacturer (Camel, Winston, Doral))Cigarette manufacturer (Camel, Winston, Doral)
- Sano
- Schweitzer Company (Invented reconstituted leaf (RL) process)
- Subject
- Reconstituted Tobacco (Design)
- Brand
- Carlton (ATC)
- L&M
- Lucky Strike (ATC (until 1996)/ BW (1996-2004)/ RJR (2004 on))
- Montclair
- Pall Mall (ATC)
- Philip Morris
- Sano
- Tareyton (ATC)
Document Images
TO: Mr. F. E. Resnik DATE: May 21, 1965
FROM: V. C. Johnson
SUBJECT: Reconstituted Tobaccos in Competitive Brands
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
We have completedd the microscopic investigation of our own
and. competitive reconstituted tobaccos obtained. from cigarettes
manufactured. in March 1965. These reconstituted. tobaccos were
investigated microscopically for material content and. construction.
This type of study, on all of the reconstituted. tobaccos, was last
performed and. reported. in Au gust, 1964 (memo from Mrs. V. Johnson
Mr. F. E. Resnik dated. August 17, 1964).
The changes noticedd in this investigation are:
(1) Brown and Williamson now has only one type of reconstituted
tobacco in their filler. This is a two tone BL type.
(2) American Tobacco Company has two different colors of
reconstituted. tobaccos (light and dark); however, as far
as we can ascertain microscopically, there are no
differences in the material content or construction of
these two reconstituted, tobaccos.
(3) Philip Morriso BL sheet appears to vary in thickness more
than in the past. It also has more void spaces when cross
sectioned, and. the binder is not as evident.
(4) Sano cigarette tobacco filler no longer contains a dark
colored reconstituted tobacco made by the paper making
process. It now contains a washed finely cut all tobacco
stem material which resembles a reconstitutedd tobacco sheet.
Mr. F. E. Resnik - 2 m May 21, 1965
(5) L & M still has about the same percentage of wood. fibers
(30%) in their BL. No changes were npticed. in either
Reynold.s° or Lorillard.°s product since they were last
examined six months agoo
DISCUSSION
American Tobacco Company:
American Tobacco has two different colors of reconstituted
tobacco (light and. dark). Both reconstituted. tobaccos contain large
pieces of tobacco leaf and. stem. Both d.isintegrate slow in water
and. are made by the paper making process. The tobacco filler from
all brands of American Tobacco Company cigarettes manufactured up
until July, 1964, containedd only one type reconstituted. tobacco
(all d.ark).
In November, 1964, the cigarette tobacco fillers contained a
mixture of both dark and light reconstitutedd tobaccos. Now in April,
1964, Tareyton, Carlton and Pall Mall have only one type, the light
material. Lucky Strike and. Montclair still have a mixture of the
two colors of reconstituted tobacco (see photographs, Appendix I).
Brown and. Williamson:
Brown and. Williamson now has only one type of reconstituted
tobacco in their filler. It is a twomtoned BL type (d.ark on one side
and. light on the other). The disintegrated.
sheet is composed of
very small tobacco leaf and stem particles. It is not made by the
paper making process.
Mr. F. E. Resnik - 3 - May 21, 1965
Brown and Williamson (cont°d.)a
This is the first time since 1959 that they have not had two
types of reconstitutedd tobacco in their filler. The type of
reconstituted. tobacco d.iscontinued. in use was made on a paper making
machine.
L&Mo
L & M reconstituted tobacco is composed of very small particle
size tobacco stem, leaf and. woodd fibers (hi-alpha cellulose). The
woodd fibers comprise approximately 30% of the total sheet. This
reconstitutedd tobacco dissolves fast in water. It is made by a
process other than paper making, and, the material does not appear<to
have changed since it was first examined in 1958.
Lorillard.°
Lorillard. has only one color or type of reconstitutedd tobacco
in their filler. It is composed. of large pieces of tobacco leaf
andd stem. It disintegrates slowly in water and is made by the paper
making process. It resembles Reynold.sa and American Tobacco°s product
in the type of process, size of tobacco particles, rate of disintegration
and the way the tobacco fibers are fibrillated.
Philip Morris°
Philip Morris has a very small particle size BL. It is composed
of tobacco stem and. leaf that is chunky and. very fine. The tobacco N
O
material does not appear to be fibrillatedd as much as it is in the FO
Brown and Williamson product. Numerous samples were observed9 and ~
~
~
W
Mr. F. E. Resnik - 4. - May 21, 1965
it appears that the thickness of our sheet varies more than in the
past (see Appendix III), has more void spaces when cross sectioned
making a less compact sheet, and the binder appears to be spread
out through the sheet more than when our BL was last examined in
November, 1964.
Reynold.s `
Reynolds' product has not changed. since it was examined last
November. It is composed. of large pieces of well-fibrillated tobacco
stems and large pieces of tobacco leaves. No evidence of any type
f
binder could. be seen. It disintegrates slow in water and is made .
by the paper making process. It resembles Lorillard.'s and. American
Tobacco Company's products in material content and. construction.
Sano'
Sano now has ad.d.edd to their tobacco filler an all tobacco stem
material. This material resembles a reconstitutedd tobacco sheet,
but when it is observedd microscopically, it is simply washed tobacco
stems that have been cut in all shapes and sizes. They d.o not
resemble rolled. Kentucky stems or shredded stems. Sano previously 0
O
contained a dark reconstituted. tobacco that was made by the paper I"
~
making process. The large particle size leaves and. stems resembled ~
Schweitzer's, and. American Tobacco's product (see photographs in ~
~
Appendix II).
Attached are photomicrographs (Appendix III) of the disintegrated
products to show particle size, type of material and. mechanical
Mr. F. E. Resnik - 5 - May 21, 1965
treatment, such as fibrillation. The cross sections of P.M. BL
show type of construction, material content, location of binder
thickness, etc. (Appendix IV).
VCJ:gjm
cc: Dr. R. B. Seligman
Mr.
Mr. H.
R. B.
N. Merritt
Saleeby
Mr. J. Staley
Mr. J. D. Hind.
Dr. C. V. Mace
Mr. J. Y. Mason
Dr. W. L. Dunn
APPENDIX I - American Tobacco Company
Two Colors of Reconstituted Tobaccos
r
1
Two different colors of reconstitutedd
tobaccos found. in cigarette fillers
thru March, 1965.
Cigarettes manufactured. prior to Nov. O
1964 containedd only the dark color. O
Three brands manufactured in April 1965 Q9
contain only the light coloredd reconstituted. ~
tobacco. ~
09
0~
APPENDIX II - Sano Reconstituted Materials
Reconstituted
Tobacco Made
by the Paper
Making Process
Found in Sano
Cigarette Filler
Prior to April,
1965
Disintegrated Old. Type
Reconstituted. Tobacco from
Sano Cigarettes Filler
(40~
Finely Cut
Tobacco Stem_
Material Found
in Sano Cigarette
Fillers Manufac-
tured in April,
1965
(6X)
APPENDIX II - Sano Reconstituted Materials
Reconstituted
Tobao-co Made
by the Paper
Making Process '
Found in Sano ~
Cigarette Filler
Prior to April,'~
1965
I
1,
Disintegrated Old Type
Reconstituted Tobacco from
Sano Cigarettes Filler
(40~
Finely Cut
Tobacco Stem
Material Found
in Sano Cigarett
Fillers Manufac-
tured in April,
1965
(6X)
1001884769
h
.
4
0
s
APPENDIX III - Disintegrated Reconstituted Tobaccos (40 X)
Reynolds
Lorillard
American
