Product Design
Automated Determination of Nicotine in Total Particulate Matter of Cigarette Smoke
Abstract
Reports on development of an automated procedure to determine nicotine in 2-propanol extract of cigarette smoke condensate. States that this is partly in response to the Federal Trade Commission's requirements of analysis of nicotine and water in smoke particulate matter. Describes the procedure as using an AutoAnalyzer based on the reaction of nicotine, cyanogen bromide and amiline to produce a color indicating nicotine concentration. Compares this procedure with steam distillation method. Finds that water and nicotine determination can be done from the same Cambridge filter pad with the cyanogen bromide method, that the procedure is more efficient and that the baseline is stable. Reports best agreement between the methods on 83 and 80mm cigarettes with cellulose acetate filters. Averages the nicotine delivery to be 1.33mg/cigarette with a standard deviation of 0.058, as determined on 610 replicates.
Fields
- Author
- Charles, James L., Ph.D. (PM, R&D VP, Pharmacologist, Industry Expert)Vice President of Research and a scientist for Philip Morris, Inc. Vice President of Research for Philip Morris, Inc. in 1986 and then again from 1992 to 1993.
- Ikeda, Robert M. Dr. (PM R&D)
Defense- STAHR, HM
- Ikeda, Robert M. Dr. (PM R&D)
- Hypothesis
- Use of filters, paper, and ventilationModification of tobacco products through use of filters, paper, and ventilation, and measuring effects on dependence, behavior, and toxicity.
- Nicotine transport, transfer, and uptake
Design changes which alter nicotine delivery or effect how the product causes and maintains dependence, including transfer of nicotine from tobacco to smoke, and uptake into the body. - Nicotine transport, transfer, and uptake
- Keyword
- Invention disclosure
- Nicotine delivery (Smoke nicotine or nicotine yield)
- Total particulate matter (TPM or Tar)
- Nicotine delivery (Smoke nicotine or nicotine yield)
- Smoke Constituent
- Nicotine
- Total particulate matter
- Design Component
- Cellulose acetate filter (CA filter, Conventional filter)
- Nicotine content (Tobacco nicotine content)
Total nicotine in the unburnt tobacco rod - Nicotine content (Tobacco nicotine content)
- Named Organization
- Eastman Kodak Co. (Kodak) (Cigarette filter mfg from 1950s to 1994.)Manufacturers of quality control equipment for cigarette packaging
- Federal Trade Commission (Enforcement agency for laws against deceptive advertising)
Enforces laws against false and deceptive advertising, including ads for tobacco products. Ensures proper display of health warnings in ads and on tobacco products;collects and reports to Congress information concerning cigarette and smokeless tobacco advertising, sales expenditures, and the tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide content of cigarettes.- M R B
- Federal Trade Commission (Enforcement agency for laws against deceptive advertising)
- Technology/Method
- Technicon AutoAnalyzer
- Subject
- nicotine technology
- Smoke Constituents
- Smoke Nicotine (Measures)
- Test/Smoke Condensate (Testing)
- Smoke Constituents
Document Images
(10)
The reaction in a particulate matter matrix yields high values
when compared to the steam distillation and ultraviolet readout
method used in our laboratory, A 2-propanol extract of parti-
culate matter is standardized by steam distillation. Dilution
y ields standards for the cyanogen bromide procedure with~resulting
good agreement between the two methods.
Meti~ods comparison studies on all major cigarette types
have shown that the cyanogen bromide and steam distillation
methods are not significantly different in either accuracy or
precision.
ACIiIOW'LEDGMENT'
The authors wish to thank Palmer G. Baker, William A. Sper_ce,
Mrs.., Betty M. Handy,, Mrs. Barbara L. Jenkins, and Mrs. Mary L.
Sanderford for technical assistance in obtaining,the data,: and
John E. Tindall for the statistical analysis of the d'ata. We
would also like to thank Henry R. Randolph for the on-line dilution
portion of the AutcAnalyzer manifold.
LITERATURE CITED
1. Sadler, W.W'., Chesson, R.R., and Schoenbatrn, A.W., "Automat:ed
Procedure for Determining the Nicotine Content of Steam
Distillates,'"' Tobacco Sci. 4, 208-212, (19601)1.
2. Harvey, W. R., Stahr, H.M., and Smith W.C'., "Automated Deter-
mination of Reducing Sugars and Nicotine Alkaloids on the Same
Extract of Tobacco Leaf,"' to be published in Tobacco Sci.
3. Griffith, R.B., "The Rapid Determination of Total Alkaloids
by Steam Distillation," Tobacco Sci. 1, 130-137, (1957).
4. Pleasants,S.W., Haynes,C'.M., and Harrow,L.S., "A Rapid
Spectrophotometric Determination of Total Nicotine in
Tobacco Smoke," Journal of the A.O.A.C. 42, 424-427, (1959)
5. Willits,C.W., Swain, Margaret L., Connelly,J.A., and B'rice,
B.A., "Spectrophotometric Determination of N!icotine,"
Anal. Chem. 22, 430-433, (1950).
6. Watson, D.C., Hale, R.W'., andiMutter, W.F., "Autornatic
Injection for the Gas Chromatographic Determination of
Water in Smoke Particulate Matter," to be published in
Ar_a l , Chem..
