Product Design
[Summary of Ideas]
Abstract
Lists focus group ideas for improving cigarettes, tobacco design, marketing and packaging.
Fields
- Author
- Bell, J.H.
- Bohlken, J.
- Bondurant, Richard F. (Lor, Product Dev. Chemist, 1979)
- Deaton, William R. (Lor, Product Dev. Chemist, 1979)
- Fernald, D.
- Ireland, Mary Sue (Lor, Product Composition Chemist, 1965)
- Jessup, T. D. (PM Nicotine Manipulation)Defense
- Kelly, William
- Larson, T.M.
- Lassiter, C.W.
- Lewis, J.A.
- Ihrig, Arthur M. (LOR Sr. Research Chemist, c.1983)
- Marmor, R.S.
- McGeady, J.P.
- Murphy, D.S.
- Patterson, R.B.
- Perini, F.
- Shoffner, R.A.
- Shore, Jerryflavor specialist flavors for
- Smith, H.
- Tong, Howard S. (Lor, Biochemistry, Research Pharacologist, 1979)Supervisor in Biochemistry
- Wagner, J.R.
- Hypothesis
- Design changes over timeChanges in cigarette design over the past half century.
- Introduction of new/unconventional productsResearch and development of novel nicotine delivery devices and experimental tobacco designs.
- Low-yield cigarettesModification of low yield products to assure that adequate levels of nicotine delivery are maintained, and effects of yield changes on toxicity and dependence.
- Mainstream constituent yieldsModification of selected mainstream smoke constituents in response to health concerns.
- Measuring human smoking behaviorMeasuring the effects of changes in human smoking behavior on intake of nicotine and smoke constituents.
- Nicotine transport, transfer, and uptakeDesign changes which alter nicotine delivery or effect how the product causes and maintains dependence, including transfer of nicotine from tobacco to smoke, and uptake into the body.
- Product design targets (women/minorities)Design changes targeting specific demographic segments such as women or minorities (slims/menthols/etc).
- Sidestream constituent yieldsModification of selected sidestream smoke constituents in response to health concerns.
- Smoking psychology and behavior
- Use of additivesModification of tobacco products through use of additives and measuring effects on dependence, behavior, and toxicity.
- Use of filters, paper, and ventilationModification of tobacco products through use of filters, paper, and ventilation, and measuring effects on dependence, behavior, and toxicity.
- Women TargetingCigarettes designed to target women
- Sensory targetingTargeting of smokers through changes in sensory characteristics
- Keyword
- Brand differences
- Consumer acceptability (Consumer preference)
- Delivery modification
- Flavor/ Taste (Attribute measure)
- Low delivery (Reduced delivery)
- Market (B&W marketing term)
- Menthol delivery (Smoke menthol, menthol yield)
- Mouth feel (Mouthfull)
- Secondhand Smoke (Sidestream smoke, SS)
- Sensory response
- Tar/Nicotine ratio (Nicotine/Tar Ratio or T/N ratio)
- Tobacco taste (Attribute measure)
- Total particulate matter (TPM or Tar)
- Vent blockingBlocking of filter vents by lips or fingers
- Design Component
- Casing
- Filter tow
- Oriental tobacco (Turkish)
- Reconstituted leaf (RL)PM @reconstituted_tobacco, c. 1970s-1980s
- Tipping paper
- Named Organization
- Lorillard Tobacco Co. (American cigarette manufacturer)American cigarette manufacturer; makes Kent, MaxSatin, Newport, Old Gold, Style, and True cigarettes.
- Brand
- Beech-Nut Tobacco Company (Smokeless tobacco mfg)Manufacturer of smokeless tobacco.
- DANVILLE
- Dunhill
- Golden Lights
- Kent (Lorillard)
- Marlboro (PM)
- Max
- Newport (Lorillard)
- NFS
- Rebel
- Zack (LOR)
- Skoal
- Subject
- additives
- Blends (Design)
- Filters (Design)
- Formulas (Design)
- Low Yield Cigarettes (Products)
- Novel Cigarette Devices (Products)
- Paper (Design)
- Product Aging (Design)
- Reconstituted Tobacco (Design)
- Sensory Effects—Taste (Effects)
- Sugars (Additives)Glucose/Invert Sugar/Fructose/Sucrose
- Test/Consumer Preference (Testing)
- Tobacco Type (Design)
- Ventilation (Design)
Document Images
Summary of Raw Idleas to Consider
Presented~ to Small Group
1. New flavors and sensations.
- Oriental cigarettes for mildness, side stream odor either
worse or better, odor of pipe.
Herbal, foresty, outdoors flavor sensation.
Seedleaf (mellow) cigarettes - can be chewed,.
Fruity flavors (cigarettes & chewing tobaccos) peach, lemon.
Enzymatic treatment (seedleaf) for new taste characteristics.
2. Brand geared toward young;adult age bracket.
- Kent stuffy, establishment, Zack teeny bopper, misses boat.
Disco theme, bright packagingi, advertising diagonal brand
names - brands & packaging to go along with mod'ern times.
Chewing tobaccos - like Skol -"Happy D'ays"'fine cut tobaccos
and snuff - we missed the boat.
Lorillard products all geared to stuffy people, intelligerlsia
older generation, e1d'ers,, no innovation in product line, not.
willing to try anything new in test market.
- Free form desig;n, asymmetric rather than Kent elegant.
- Regional appeal brands - same bliend - cigarettes & chewing tob.
3. Technical - see Perini re: chewing tobaccos - bitterness.
We use saccharin to combat bitterness - attack bitterness
if you cannot get sweetner.
Top flavor without allcohol.
4. Gimmicky Filter
>
O
- vary hole size tj
- removable filter segment 3 vs. 6 mg,tair. ~
5. New Business ~
- Wine industry - wine flavor, fermentation processes
- Real interest in energy fermentation product - conservation,
(Patterson)
Waste utilization - spent products for flavor
- Overseas chewingi tobacco (Ihrig)~
- Flavor people and process control & energy
- Scoppernong flavor
- uenture capital ability
we have technicai71 people, scientists, engineers & mfg.
as well as business sales & marketing.
- Salary & benefits
4 d'ay week
Transportation
Games
Electronics
Filter rod usage
6. Premium Product - High Price
- Cigarette or chewing tobacco (20 mg. Dunhill),
- Import Cuban:cigars
7. Company identificationia lcampaign
- All product lines (see Kelly?)
- Winner syndrome
- Company namein prominent position
Ideas Presented to Large Group
I
(II
New Products:, Improved Products
1. Oriental cigarettes, mildness, acceptable Turkish sidestream aroma.
2. Other flavored cigarettes, taste and sidestream appeal, fruity,
herbal,, rum, woodsy, pipe, cigar.
3. Fruity chewing tobaccos, under Beechnut brand other non fruity
flavors.
4. Product competitive to the smokeless tobacco products- fine cut
tobacco -
5. A new business venture - winery using regional grapes supported
by our existing technical capabilities.
6. Multipurpose filter - removable section to give low taste/higih
taste.
7. Plug chewing tobacco product - could be compressed Beechnut
products.
8. Chewing tobacco - gum combinations and' va.riations.
9. Premium quality cigarettes at premium prices - high tar
taste - i:n premium packaging.
10. Premium chewing tobacco - with premium tobaccos.,
Marketing and Packaging
1. Research to find/explore potential market for design and pack-
aging of a product directed toward Disco crowd or large group
not effected by existing themes.
2'. Investigate feasibility of package design to offer a d'ouble
carton gift package on special occasions.
3'. Overseas chewing tobacco market.
4. Regional brand concept - an existing product - but withiregional
package name or appeal.,
5. Invest money for market researchiand advertising iniselected
low sales areas to determine how we can get a national sales
base rather than a regional base.
C
6. Advertising relating,company name andiexpertise in technolo-
gical innovations showing product line..
~ Cost Savings
None listed - did not get to this.
J. A. Lewis
A brand geared toward a young adult age bracket may be bene-
ficial in bringinew smokers into the Lorillard market. At the
present time, most of the ad campaigns such as Kent's and Golden
Light''s seemed aimed at middle tolupper class, white-collar workers.
Note the Golden Light's ad below, the primary focus appears to be
tar numbers. While the middle-aged intelligerlsia may be primarily
concerned with the health factor, I don't feel that this type of
ad brings new smokers into the market. Whereas, the Marlboro
Lights ad below may stimulate a positive reaction from a nonsmoker
by putting less emphasis on the hazards of tar andi instead pro-
moting the peasure of smoking.
(The ad represents the establishment to the under 40 group, which
is what Kent does. Kent stuffy to young adults, Zack - described
as teeny bopPer)
R. A. Shoffner
1. Rum, bourbon, etc. flavored cs.garettes.
2. Advertising geared~ toward the under 40 age group.
3. More work on improvement of RL process or use of RL components.
R. S. Marmor
Future Product Ideas
Organic Chemistry Section,
1. Different size cigarette packs, such as 10 pack, 30 pack.
Different shape pack, such as round can.
2'. "Disco," theme cigarette (bright packagingi- advertising)
3. Young, therne chewingi tobacco, like "Skol" or "Happy Days"
4. 120 mm cigar-like product for women - More - brown for women.
5. "'Herbal, foresty, outdoors" flavor sensation in a HiFi Cj
cigarette.
~4!
6. Fermented seedleaf cigarettes are very mellor,a and aromatic. C11I
And if you want, you canichew them.
7'. A cigarette so designed'so as to have negligible noticeable
sidestream.
J. H. Bell
C
.
1. We should be developing very efficient filters for the
removal of CO2 , N02, etc. The filter does not have to be re-
stricted to the conventional 20-30 mmitow-type filter now in use.
It could be the size of a cigarette or larger and sold with a pack
of cigarettes containing less than 20 cigarette to absorbe the cost.
2. For the future development of lower tar cigarettes (1-2 mg)i
we should explore the possibility of extracting the flavorants
from low-cost tobacco that are unacceptable in normal use. We
should also investigate more fully "'impact'"' so that we can simu-
late this effect with either a tobacco extract or chemical addition.
3. Packaging - More and more people are usingirings, chains,
etc. - a cigarette case holder would go along with this new fad.
A new cigarette product packaged in such aicase probably would' sell.
Or a case, not too expensive, but not too cheap, could be used as
a promotional item. In some'situations today it is almost em-
barrassing to smoke. We should attempt to make smoking as elegant
as possible. An attractive cigarette case is one way to accomplish
this.
Florian Perini
Some Food for Thought...
(I) O'nisweetness enhancement in chewing tobacco and flavor po-
tentiation.
1), One way to enhance the sweetness of chewingitobacco without
using saccharin would involve gymnemic acids, either puri-
fied or als extracts from the leaf of Gymnema sylvestre (,cf.r
Reichstein, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland; C. Dateo, U.S. Army
Natick Labs) These naturally occurringi polyalicyclic carbo-
xylic acids suppress bitterness very efficiently, thus
enhancing sweetness and other flavors.
2) A personal observation: After eating the meat (or pulp) of
artichokes (not sunchokes), plain water tastes quite sweet.
Perhaps artichoke exxtracts might achieve the same effect in,
small doses with chewing tobacco.
3) The following compounds are extremely sweet and may be useful
to us:
a,. 1-n-Propoxy-2-amino-4-nitrobenzene
c
ho%z' as a sodium salt, is over 350 times sweeter
'
X which is 400
0 times sweeter than sucrose
b . N'- ('4'-Niitrophenyl ) -N' - ( 2'-carboxyethyl ) thiovrea
(,cl.: P. E. Uerkadie, et.al. Rec. Trav. Chim.,
65., 34'6 (194'6), also Netherlands patent.
than sucrose (cf.: S. Petersen and E. Muller,
Chem. Ber., 81, 31 (19418).
~"- ar ~-
1
~
/ /f. ,' -9ra-Cy ~ a
..~. Y, -/Irr~
)
The unique effect of increased body, or "'mouthfeel" (the
Japanese call it "umami`)~ imparted to foods, might also
be produced in chewing tobacco by 5'-nucleotides, such
as IMP, GMP and their more potent analogs. These com-
pounds are safe and are effective at ppb levels.
(II) On Chewing TobaccolTaste and Safety.
1) Consider the possibility of killing two birds with one
stone by spraying dilute NaOH or Na12CO3 or NH4OH onto
Seedleaf tobaccos. Since, by the end of forced fermen-
-tation, the tobacco pH goes from 6 to 8, one might
achieve
a)' d'esirable organoleptic properties with PF'and WF tobacco
by simply masking oxallate, etc... without fermentation,
and prevent
b) further NNN formation.
) We might test spray Seedleaf tobacco at harvest with sodium
bisulfite or propyl gallate in water to prevent nitrosamine
growth while allowing normal events to take place during
aging and fermentation.
(III) On Cigarette Packaging and Marketing.
1) The concept of a mixed bag, such as a cartoniwith five
different top flavors, could~be profitable. Exotic flavors
such as "'anise", "'Tutti fruitti"', "creme de menthe", etc...
would be particularly desirable. The concept of'variety
of choice within aipackage wouldl appeal to the, shifting
modern taste.
2) While KENT and its extensions have package designs which
areelegiant and direct, more colorful, asymmetric, even
free-form, designs in the vein ofNEWPORT packaging would
attract a large segment of the smoking population. For
the traditionlists, how about a package which is completely
tobacco leaf (e.g.: the golden flue-cured tobacco leaf for
the higher flavor cigarettes,, perhaps green leaf for the
menthol ones). Wood texture, such asfroman old curing
barn or hogshead staves could'also be eye appealing.
3) It wouldibe interesting to test market currently developed
cigarettes with names such as:
a) Lorillard (written out, perhaps as a Pierre Lorillardl
signature). This name is no harder to pronounce than
"M'arlboro °' .
b) DIXIE
c) REBEL
d) New Southi(especially in the fast developing centers of
the South such as Atlanta and Houston),
e) TRIAD (3mg tar with taste from the Triadi).
M'. S. Ireland Analytical Development Section
C
1. Conversion of'waste material into energy producing products
pelletizing into fuel such as used in curing barns.
2. 1010 or 12'0 mm 3' mg cigarette designed'to attract female low
tar smokers.
3. Improve sidestream odor of all cigarette products.
4. Low tar cigarette.
5. Do our own printing,of labels, packing material, etc.
6. Spitless chewing tobacco - chewing tobacco flavored chewing
gum..
7'. Computer products - special design board, etc..
8. Gimrnickky filter - could vary hole size for desired tar/'
nicotine delivery. Adjustable sleeve over cigarette. New filter
design.
91. Self Starting Cigarette - not need lighter or match -
fires when tap end sharply.
10. Low nicotine chewing tobacco.
11. Get into the wine industry - growing industry - similar
to problem in tobaccolburning (iflavor, fermentation, etc.)'
12. Wine flavored cigarette.
13. Scuppernong flavored chewing tobacco.
14. Usep:esent distribution system to put Cuban cigars on
the market. Import Cuban cigars.
15. Investigate use of stalks and~ roots of tobacco for produc:tt
use.
16. Flavor strip in cigarette
17. Develop a saccharin substitute - if successful then market it.
J. R. Wagner Instrument Development Section
1. Use of humanisex attractants in tobacco products
advertising.
2'. Hot and/or spicy chewing tobacco - taco
O
and W'
3. Premium cigarette (Dunhill)', 20-25 mg tar 1.5-2' mg nicotine.
. Aromatic cigarette - turkish.
5. Produce snuff product. - U.S. Tobacco success
6. Large economy package, "Tin" with cigarette case.
H. S. Tong
1. "Dial-a-Tastte" Filter Cigarettes - a cigarette with a filter
which has two sections, one.inserted in the other., When smoked with
two sections intact, the cigarette will yield the tar, flavor and
nicotine of a low tar (e.g,. 3 mg), cigarette. However, when half
of the filter is used, one would! get twice the above. Such a
cigarette should enable a mid tar cigarette smoker to "cut down"
during the day if he should fill that he had smoked too much. Such:
alcigarette would be a more social cigarette,. One canloffer it to
another without worrying whether the recipient is a mid or low tar
smoker.
2'. Cigarettes with fruit flavored paper.,
3. A cigarette.which upon burning yields firm ashiso that
the latter is not dropping when an ash tray is not immediately
available.
Warren Kelly
1. MK UIII in:Pilott Plant (85 & 10011s)
2. Modernize Pilot Plant (cutter, dryer, etc.)
3. Change RL to more paperlike process.
4. RL for chewing tobacco (scrap by-products)
5. Pursue shredded stems for RL,replacements.
Use of small % of non-tobacco filler (neutral character)
7. Snuff or fine cut product (as Skoal, Happy Days)~
8'. Enzymatically treat tobacco in hogsheads to develop new
tobacco taste.
9. Ferment Burley in hogshead (eq., seedleaf) for new tobacco
taste.
increase over last 2 years)
t.3
10. Treat seedleaf in hogshead toleliminate bitterness.
11. Company identification ad campaign (company w/30% sales t,j1
G.J
QrJ
12. "Tired of low tar with no:taste, try one fromithe company
that invented low tar."' (Newport, the fastest growing menthol)
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Warren Kel ]1y
I., Modernize Pilot Plant
Cutter, Dryer, etc.
Mark 8(8'5 & 100 ) makers & Rod machine
Purpose
1. Increased efficiency
2'. Eliminate factory down time for difficult samples
3. Produce.samples more congruent to production
II. Change RL to more paperlike, process
Purpose
1. Eliminate problems with blackwater.
2. Eliminate consumer problems (sour taste)1.
3. Possible energy savingis with reduced'drying,.
4.. Increased speed & efficiency due to reduced dryingi.
III. RL for Chewing tobacco (scrapileaf),
Purpose
1. Eliminate largest area of'consumer complaints,
.
hard stems and disintegration of product.
2. Use of waste products, both processed and' unprocessed.
Large amounts of tobacco are presently wasted, as tobacco falls
onithe floor and is cleaned from machinery. This tobacco would
be acceptable for use in an RL type prod'uct,, where boiling or
heating for sanitation wou~ld be an integral part of the process.
If this product were a chewing gum like product, the chew
would form easily and would not separate.
IV. Shredded Stems for RL Replacement
Purpose
1. Process is more.economic than RL.
2. Low energy req,uirement.
3. Blends well.
At low levels of usage the product has been shownito be acceptable.
This product would not have the problems associated with present
RL, (sour taste and'wet weather transport).
