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DRAFT I. C. O. S. I. WORKING PARTY ON SMOKING BEHAVIOUR Chelwood - ].st-3rd September, 1977 Annex 3 Dr. Goesswein was, unfortunately, unable to attend due to sickness, but we were pleased to welcome Dr. Kaussmann. The pwrty then comprised: Dr. S. J. Green Mr. K. P. A'Court Dr. Ch. de Hoffmann Dr. E. U. Kaussmann Mr. D. F. L. Needham Dr. M. Senkus Dr. H. Wakeham Dr. R. E. Thornton BAT (Chaitsan) Imperial Tobacco Tobacofina Reemstrna Gallaher Reynolds Tobacco Philip Morris BAT The Working Party was fortunate in having a starting po_ .t in the Council for Tobacco Research St. Mlartin Conference reported ~in "Smoking Behaviour - Motives and Incentives", [1. J. Dunn, Jnr., 1973. Work published since then was reviewed, as ,•;ell as some work being done by the companies represented. The following papers were given out:- 1) Instruments to Measure, Record and Duplicate I:uman Smoking Patterns 2) Bibliography of Smoking Behaviour 3) E.E.G. Experiments 4) Summary of T. R. C. I23.:••esti -gations (Human Smoking Sub-Committee) 5) A Proposal for a Smoking Behavior Research Center 6) Study of Hyperkir.esis and Smoking at the Philip ;iorris Research Center 7) Social Anthropological Studies on Tobacco by S. J. Fei.nhttndle}• and Soci al Sys teir.s Ana's.ys ts 8) Effect of 5iloliin~,T on ~.lsii-Ta ~iino in a Simulated. Pd.ss iilg" T«sl: ,-''iiicl.r? :i.',.:7=_`c-t-27i1.

-2- The recommendations and conclusions from the meeting were as follows:- 1. Although "compensation" is a very important issue, it is not a. suitable area for shared work, because of the many controversi al issues which could arise from the use of the results. In any case, many companies and research organisations are already working in this area. 2. It was agreed that it would be desirable to expand or initiate work in eight areas. a) Examining the role•of smoking in influencing what is known as "the level of arousal" and aggressive feelings. Such an investigation would involve both the stimulating and relaxing effects of smoking. A loiig term (prospective and retrospective) study of hyperkinesis as it may relate to later smoking behavi'our. It should be made clear that this study is not intended to seek information on influencing young peop"i.e to smoke. - c) A study of the social anthropology of smoking and its importance in various societies, in social life and in social facilitation. d) To determine the importance of smoking in mental health, both in normal situations (coping with stresses of everyday life) and in abnormal situations (mental hospitals). e) Examination of the differences in attitudes and feelings between smokers and non-smokers. f) Some smokers stop smoking or otherwise r.:odify their sr.:okino behaviour. It is considered worthwhile studying the circumstances under which such actions are being twken and the extent to which they occur. g) To attempt to predict the like ly social consequences in as the event of a rapid decline in the smoking habit a result of external pressure on the smoker. h) To develop tests for variouis kinds of psycholo„ical stress and stresses. to StLid'y' the e_fects of smoking on thi-}se

- 3-- It was also the view of the Working Party that any studies in these areas should not become pre-occupied with the effects of nicotine, but should be concerned with smoking in `~ the wider sense. 3. Proposals -,~ihich have been submitted by Philip Morris for a s moking b ehaviour research c.entre were noted with interest, but it was agreed that efforts should be made to tackle work on a company or industry basis using the. available channels: In some cases, work has already started on projects covering part of the areas, indicated. The present position is as follows (the :.tems are listed in the same order as in Section 2 of this note):- a) Philip Morris are already studying arousal and aggression and some of the activities supported by T.R.C. in the U.K. are also relevant. However, it w,:s agreed that opportunities must be sought to initiate or encourage more work. b) Work on hyperkinesis, because of the long time scale, should be started as soon as possible. There are no technical reasons why such studies should be done irn any particular country, but there are good practical reasons for carrying out such studies in America. For example, a suitable data bank might be in existence already. c) Social anthropology is a new area. Irn addition to the studies which had been disclosed by Philip Morris (Feinhandler), it is recommended that the industry organisations in Germany, U.K. and the U.S.A. should be approached with a view to starting further work. d) Studies to be sponsored by T.R.C. in the U.K. already cover part of the mental hygiene 2rea., but the Working Party recommends that thi s work shou_d be extended to cover mentally-ill people as well. e) Philip Morris are making some preliminary studies on smoker/non-smoker attitudes. It was decided to wait six months, ~.vhen it is expected ti.:zt they will be able to make some more definitive proposals for an appropriate research project. f) Since it is often alleged that cigarette smoking is in the natu2'e of a d: l.lo de2 endency, we shou ld establish if there is any truth in this allegation. Ba'11` offered to initi«te some contract work in this ~Lrea.

-4- g) The difficulties in evaluating the social consequences of a rapid decline in smoking were acknotvl edged. Af ter over a year, 'i'. R. C. had not yet been able to start any work and members were asked to consider how this might be tackled. h) Dr. Seaye of Montreal is prepared to study stress and has approached R. J. Reynolds. It was agreed that R. J. Reynolds should be asked to explore further Dr. Selye's proposal. There are a wide vari e ty of approaches in the behavioural sciences. These may interact more strtnaly with the interpretation of experimental data than in the more traditional scientific disciplines. It is, for this reason, particularly important that the tobacco industry and companies should be directly engaged in work in this field. For all the above projects, the Working Party felt that it would be essential for the industry to be closely involved in the formulation of the experimental programmes and, in particular, it is recommended that the industry's own national organisations should be directly involved, wherever,.it is appropriate. 4. The investigations we are recommending are exyoected to yield results which woulld offer advanta.-es to the industry in various ways:- a) They should extend our knowledge of those effects of smoking judged to be beneficial. b) They should be useful in reassuring s:nokers in their continued desire to smoke. c) The knowledge obtained wi 1l enable the industry to speak with more authority. d) They will enable us to defend our industry against biased and inaccurate statements made about smoking. It is recognised that there wi ll probably be some overlap o f these inves tigations and the areas of the other j`:orking ,parties.

-5- 5. I t w:.s aoreed that the meeting had been useful and we should now attempt to maintain our comm unicatior_s at the imI) fo ved ieVel. It was recognised that there would be considerable interest in snriohing by behavioural scientists and that work will continue to be done in this field for as far ahead as ,,re can see. No date was fixed for a future meeting.