Tobacco Documents Online

15/0~ ' 97 16:~1 FAX 41228887776 SA Neucha1~el 'RO~H~NS BA~ILDON ID:0126~286598 15 MRY'g? 14:50 No.GOT Release of carbon granules clEar,ryes I arcoal filters John L Pauly, Sharon J Stegmeiex, Andrew G J~,ayer, Joel D I.~ses, Richard J Streak Abstract Obj,~c~---To In~ gJg~xe=e~ wlth a ~pl~ ~ ~ ~r ~ ~e cut ~ ~ ~d, ~~0 ~ ~e ~~to~ for s~ ~ ~~ ~~ ~e p~t- du~ ~g. ~~ ~ n~bcr of the ~g ~~e ~/~ 242 GI); n = 60% ~W- For ~ smokes (n ~o~. ~e n~b~ of ch~ 22.5 (16.2) ~ ~e. ~ were ob~d ~ ~e fi~ a~acc, ~e t~-con~g adv~ h~ ~ts of ~~ c~b~ ~ have not been ~u~c~ c~~, ~o~ bc ~fo~ of~e ~ssible h~ ~ ~ 1997;6:~0) 1~002 P .01 ~y ~ ~c U~ S~et ha~ W~,~ Ho~ ~t obs~o~ ~ o~ ~g~ ~ ~. For ~ple, ~ obs~ ~C ~SC ~ ~e a~mte (a) o~ ~p~d be~ ~e ~oph~e ~) p~t ~ ~e ~idue at ~e b~ of ~ ~ ~ ~ a h~ ~ 3.5 ~ ~ ~s ~ m ~¢ mou~ of a hum~ ~!~ or ~ suda~e ~ a ~ ~ ~ m~i~y- ~ ~eve ~at ~ulm: a~te ~gare~e ill- ~g ~mo~~ ~e ~r coat~ ~n~e~ ~8t to ~ode~a~n ~ ~ human body, ~ i~ or ~ed and may ~om pose an a~i~ heal~ ~k to ~e ~ok~-~ ~ ~e cour~ ef our ongo~g s~die~, ~e ~ed mi~scopi~Hy. Gn ~s paper ~ ad~ ~e c~v~ioa ofus~g ~ ~h-rca~, a~i~tcd ~r~L ~n, ~d coal m p~s~t on ~e ~c ~ter z~ace, and ~ps ~ ~c ~tte wrappi~ papers (~ i~ he~ ~e pl~ ~p ~e ~do~ a~te filter ~ and ~e pape~ ~si~ ~c ~al ~). We ~cted ~t du~ng n~al ~o~g ~our ~c ~a~l g~nules ~o~ ~ ~d from ~ fii[~ in su~ a way ~ ~ wo~d ~ ~al~ O~ ~g~d. Many ~m~atora ~ve r~ed repli~e me~ani~."~'To ~able nt ~o~g p~fi~ as a who~, our study was, ~ndu~ ~ ~n~ adult, who were ~c ~ld~ ~ ~ h~ modi~d so con~ ~ ~e ~pm~ ~. d~ ~o~ng. ~o~o~ bemuse h~ smo~ ~e ~di- ~dual~c in ~c m~ ~ whi~ ~ ~akt, we ~l~ed ~acic wo~be mo~ inst~iv¢

15/05 ' 97 16:32 FA~ 41~28887776 SA Neucha~el RO'THHRN$ B~SII.DON £D :01268286598 15 FIRY'g? ~003 14:~2 No.O0? P.02 ycan of ~c) lmut ~erm smoken who w~c smoking ~tl~ at kss~ 20 cizarcaes per day, The wlumccrs w~ inf~mcd vzs4~lly of the pm-pmc and scope of this sccuiy. ~. • signed and wimessed consent was obtained. ~ participants mue comptnsar~.d fmancklly, gap, ,o charcoal (low)~ >1 gap, no ~al (medium); and ~1 ~p~ ~ ~a~oal ~ ~e ~p ~3. of a~a~ (for ~amplc, ag~0 of ~e m~ ~d by ~ i~p~d~g obey- that did not cen~In charcoel. ANALY~I~ OF FIL~ ~ ~ Many of the tet~ reported he.re ~ p~ ~ 20 pa~ of ~rk ~ ~d ~ p~ l~ly (~ ~ ~ c~ of I0 v~d~). ~ ~ of~rk ~e~ ~ved a ~e n~, ~ Was ~ opted ~ ~ ~e ]~b~oW. ~c s~ ~ut ~ ~ ~ ~om ~e ~ ~e ~ ~a~ of ~c ~-~d of ~ ~ and ~c ~W ~ ~ s~ ~m mi~pe was adiu~ ~ p~ ~ng of~c whole ~t s~acc of~c ~g~c ~ (IS-fold ma~fi~; xl_5 ~e ~solu~on ~ about 13.7 ~; ~ x40, ~e ~l~n ~ about 7A ~ ~e~onal To~, ~a~n). ~al ~ ob~ on ~e ~ ~- face ~re ~ b~ ~ o~ ~ w~ d~ed c~i~ous ~ p~cl~ ~ ea~ of ~e ~ ~ecr quad~. ~c n~ber of p~cl~ w~ ~ ~c~ ~: 0 (nit), 1-5 0ow)~ ~I0 (mc~m)s ~10 p~cl~ p~g papc~ ~at s~und ~c ~ (fig 1~ ~ysed m id~fi~ po~ons of ~ w~p~ pap~ ~t ~ b~ome ~aL ~e cigar~t~ (n = ~0) ~rc ~ by ~c ~dc~ as folla~: 0 (n~); I A ~tventio~ml dga~ette holder (Deaxicotea; D~ Co (~y), ~b~ by ~r r~ ~ i~ ~boa~ p~. ~ ~ ~ D~i~a ~s ~s ~d ~d diode. ~e ~g~e hold~ was ~ ~ ~ 20% ble~ f~ 30 gent (~Palmoli~ ~y, OW) ~d rep~ z~ng in d~o~scd ~zcr. an ~ ar 56"C~ an ~m~t d~ was adde~ ~s d~ ~s~ed pollute sponge ~Hnd~ 1030; 1.016 de~iW; 30 ~; ~e ~lind~ w~ a ~ ~e m~, poly~ ~)- ~e ~p~nl d~ce w~ portioned ~ ~o 5 ~ ~m ~c ~~t ~. ~n. ~e a~bled smo~ng app~ms was ~o~ ~ a ~pped F~con pol~ene ~be (17xl~ ~i ~o 2051; B~en- To prevent the ~n~m~a~on of ~c~ ~d o~cr ma~s ~d ~ ~e study by fib~t and debris. ~e foU~ p~u~ns • ~as~ ~s~m~m, ~ o~ itm used in ~OZe ~e sh~ ~ ~cy ~n~ no car- smog, aU ~o~dur~ w~ p~o~cd under ~e pro~e~on ofa I~ flow hood ~ p~d~-~ce la~ ~o~s (S~;

15/05 '97 16:33 • F~.~THM~NS B@SILDON 41328887776 SA Neucha~:el ID :01268286598 15 [~] 004 (c) sMOKfNG ROUTIbr~ After ~h¢ inwsdg~or had ca~lly plzc~d z ~k cigarette ~nro ~e holds, ~e parfidpanzs Ill ~e ~gxre~¢ in ~=ir usual manner. ~c ~okers were ins~uczcd to smoke ~¢ ~g~¢=¢ ~ ~cir ususl smo~g rou~c (for ~ample, p~ ~Imc md ~w duration}. ~ volu~eeG ~owcver~ ~ in~ru¢le~ no~ ~ l~ale. ~r smoking, the ci~m~e was r~ovcd ~ forceps and placed in a ~ppcd =ubc. ~isc, ~c hoide¢ was placed in a pr~abe~ed ~alcon ~bc, a~d bo~ ¢ubes w~e mkea to ~c laboralo~. ~ach sub~e~ ~oked one ci~are~e. ,.~^LYS~S 0~" m,n'e~p~e~n" sc~ae~ Under ~ pzote~i0n of a lim~ar flow hood, ~e ¢n~apmen~ scrc~ ~s removed from pol~anc sponge ~linder wi~ fo~s. For ~is p~pose, ~c s~en x~s plaid on a 3 x 1 ~ (7.~ x 2.~ ~ x ~ .0 mm glass slide. A dsbs (- 50 ~) of hi~ ~um ~case ~ow Coming, ~idland, ~icbigan~ were appl;cd ~e glass stide. A microscope cov~ glass (24 60 ram, No I ~ic~) waz ~en positioned ~cr ~ s~e~, and sec~d in posi~io~ appl~ng g~nfle pre~uee ~ ~e grease. ~= sc~en was ~en examined mi~o~pi- cal]y for ~e presence of ¢~oal gtanul~ well as o~er c~ar¢¢~¢ fil~r compon~B rclaased during smo~. ~c microscope ~s confi~red ~o pc~ic vi~ng wi~ whice, pola~sing, and ~uo~sccn~ li~ ~i~ros~ IV/Photostat, Buffalo, N~w Yo~k). Cha~oal particles on ~e ~garec~e filt~ sur- face and on ~e en~apment screen were meas- ur~d using an ocular micrometer. In a few also made wi~ ~c use ofa ¢onfocal laser scan- n~g microscope." Working undcr ~c protection of a laminar flow hood, ea~ enzrapment device was removed from ~e dga~r~e holder. ~ holder was then flushed ~ 100% e~hanol to recover any cha¢coai gr~ules and o~er ~her componen~ which migh¢ have adh~ed ~o ~e ineerior walls o~ ~c appa~tus. ~e alcohol wash collcczcd and filtered ~rough a micropor= mcmb~nc (diamct~, 25 ram; Mit~ipote, Bed- ford, ~assachusctzs) using a ~ass vacuum fileer assembly (Ca[ ~o 419325; ~ea¢on, ~ili~lle, New ~ersey}. ~e microporc ~ll¢cfion membrane was ~¢n ~moved from ~e fi[~¢ion device ~ foeceps and alio~d ~o dW ~o~ughly in dean covered glas~ dish. A~ drying, m~brane ~s a~ed onto a 75 x 50 mm glass slide wi~ S~ Ac~-Mov~z 60 moun~g me~ (Caz No ~7fi30-1; Baxter S~cn~i~c Pmducz% ~verdale, New Je~ey). A 45 x 50 ~ ~cr glass was posi~oned over membrane and socked wi~ p~ssurc ~m bl~ nosed fo~ps. ~:s: collcc~on mcm- bran~ w~e cxam~ed mi~scop[cally des~ibcd above. ANALYSIS OF "I'H~ POL%'X31¢.wr14.~b~ SPONGB C~R " ~¢ polyu~anc sponge cylinder was inspeczed wich a stereo ~om microscope for

3.5705 ' 97 3.6:34 FA~ 41328587776 $A Neuctta~e3. ~]005 P,,O~TNMRN$ ~R$ILDON ID:01268286598 ~S MRY'9? ....l_.4..:5.5...N_o~,,,~O..O.,7_.~;O_.._4 )6 16 "U 13 = 10 I ~g Render r'-i Readsr Pack number ~h¢ presence of adhc~cn~ cJga,-en© ~lter componcn~ O~ i~fi~ ~oscop~ obs~ons ~w~ ~t~ Of most ~rk ~u~ ~c ~ules ~). ~e ~ ~ul~ ~ d~m~uted ~ on ~e ~ s~ ~ppr~t~y 20 to ~0 ~; fig Ib). at ~~on (fig lh ~d ¢}. N~~, ~ pa~ (n ~ 400 ~a~) clcs. ~z ~cenm~s of ~rr~i~on ~ong ~e ~ r~d~ ~s as 0~7. ~M~ ~e ~e obse~ on ~c ~f~s o~ cig~cs wi~o~ charcoal fil~ers ~n -~0/400 cigars~cs; ~,ader.~ A, B, ~nd C). The avcfa~c numbec of ca.~oo~ parfide~ or. ~e ~ ~e filt~ is ~o~ in ~g 2. ~e values ~lus~ ~ ~ fi~ arc ~e of ~e ~e ~e obs~, de~ed in~v~u~y ~d ~lle~e~. ~e mcan~n~bcr 0£ ~rbon p~dcs on ~ ~ ~.3 (SD ~.7). ~e ~ t~t ~ulu ~ ~e o~ons of ~e n~b~ of ~arcoal ps~ ~: A ~ B, 0.42; A ~ C, 0.25; and B v C. 0.~. ~nsid~ble ~iabfliw ~s not~ for ~c ~ted, in pack ~o 19, v~ ~ ~ ~ o~ ~ ~ules ~ p~n~ (9.7 (4~) F~ 1 p~ts a ~dc ~c~ ~ • ~ su~cc (fig Ib), ~ a gzp formcd by a~m~ ~ ~fig lc), ~nd rcI~cd dur~g ~ ~o~ ~om ~e ~o~ fil~ (fig Id). PIX=T'~R GaP WITH ~IAI~OAL P~ly not~y w~s ~e fact ~at ~ ~ ~e slso ~d ~ s gap fo~ by ~e bunWc ofccEulosc a~mte fibr~ ~o~ ~e~ ~c c~l~o~ a~a~c plug •nd ~e ~ple ~p (~ las pl~ ~p "3" and ~plc ~c~ ~p "4"; gap ~lu~a~ed lc). ~aps ~ also obs~d bc~en l~ose ac~atc ~t~ pluK and ~e plug w~p la, ~C~ plug "I" and pl~ ~p "3"; ~p not t= ~s obse~d ~u~ (70%; 2S~400 ~lues ~ as ~ollo~: A ~ B, 0,42; A v C, 0.25; ~d B ~ C, 0.28. ~e dim~sions of ~c gap (~ is, I~, and d~) ~ed ma~ly, ~ some ~mn~ ~e ~p could bz ~d dc~ fih~ wh~ k ze~azed a~ ~c 1~d~ middle c~m~. ~s ~ ~dc by c~g ~c ~z~ ~pping lo~m~y ~d follo~ • con~uo~ of ~osl fin~ s~e~g ~m ~e middle chamb~ ~ ~e ~ter ~a~. ~ 400 ~k ~zz~ ~ed, 70.4% ~ ~¢ gap. ~ ifius~ed ~ fig ~y 1~; ~ s~l in~n~, ~e obs~ed ~ p~d~ were 1 ~ ~ or more ~ ~- CHAItCJ~A~ The smounz of ~co~ in ~c midge ~ ~ ~ns~e~bly (~gc 25.5 to 78.8

ROTH~RHS ~RS~LDON __ ~D : 01268286598 15 MP, Y ' 97 14:56 No.O0? P .Ub filter of random/y selecr~ Latrk c~ cKcctivcly adsorb gaseous rrmteri~." ~ req~/red m fi]~ ~ c.b~mber ~anged fzom 115.0 • addhion to t~e/nadequa[e surface area for the to 169.4 mg (142.5 (11.7) m~. Thus tah¢ adgorp~/on of gaseous marerial,~he cellulose ~ of Lark 60.0% empW (observed The c~g~retce holder with the in-lLne entrapment ~ pro~ ~ ~ a ~p~ ~ ~ d~ ~o~. ~ ~ ~e ~ ~ ~0 ~ ~0. ~r age n~ ~ ~r~ ~ ~ed ~ ~¢ fil~ ~ a ci~rene and ~p~ onto ~e ~-~c ~ ~ ~.5 (16.2) ~¢1~ C~o~ 8~ta~e ~re~e ~ter ~rm ~e mo~holo~ ~d ~~ of ~se fih~ ~e ~om pap~ ~d ~oba~o fibr~ ~r ~ ~o ~ w~ e~p~ ~¢ ~pm~[ s~ obs~ on ~ ~-lin¢ s~ ~ ~ The rapid/ncrease in ",.he marker r4~ar~ ciga~=r~c~ ~. C~e 1950s ~nd 1960s mirrored incrusted awareness of ¢h¢ healxh rinks eioag reported dur/ng r.he early 1960s eelh ¢ha~ l/n© the rcapir~ory tm~ a~i wh/ch aid in clearing L-~ha]ed parcicular~.s." ~ I~ is noteworr.hy tha~ ~he majoriw of the ins a~re not present in T~¢ parficu~I¢ phase (~hac is, tobacco zar) bu~ ~achcr, are in the gss ace~¢¢ filter fibres h~ve no'.. sigcificanz selec~v/ry." "/'he notable exccp~/o~../s phenol~ which is solublc in cellulose accm~ fd~cr nmtedal." CeUulo~e acetate, however, permhs p~ts~Ee o~ hyd~gen cyanide and hydrogen Acdv~le~ charcoal ~s ~ used ~r more ~ ~ ~ ~ ~d dual co~ ~he~." v0~ ~e~ ~ s~n~ of c~l~ose ~t~ plu~" ~o~ ~e mo~ ~de]y us~ ~ ~ is a ~ of ~W ~t~ ~t has wh~ ~k i~ b~ one ¢~mpl¢" (~g 1~; ~ r~o~y ~d ~~ wi~in ~¢ ~oba~o ~g ~e l~t y~, a ~ ~c ~c~coal ~ h~ been in~u~ in whi~ ~n ~ (~a~ is, ~mp~) ~o a~iev~ a h~h~ ~ of aon~=~ helen ~= ~on and ~c ~o~.~ ~co~ ~ ~t~d~ to ~cmovc div~se ~mpo~ ~ ~e ~ phgsc of ~ok~ ~lu~g h~ro~ c~ ammon~, d~yd~ ~1~, ni~g~ dio~de, ~d o~cc ~duce ~8~on or o~ bioJogi~[ ~a~ in a~ls, fi~ue cuI~r~, and o~ s~ as ~e~Y" For ~ampi~ ~a~r gad ~n~ found ~at ~ ~s reduced ~c ~ot~a a~w of ~arette ~oke on ~1~ h~ ~ ~ gi~y,~ o~r sd~or~t conm~ ~te~ ma~ ~ ~n~, a~ and vola~e flavo~g ma~er~).~a ~ a~on, ~ and o~ ~- ~ ~ly ~o~cd d~ck ~~d ~ pro~ssing ~o~ d~ing ~ s~ed ~ man~acm~n~ are a~ he p~ne ~ ~Hap~c." ~is void ~ ~e ~t~ ~y a]~ ~ ~n,ibl~ ~ pa~ for ~e plug ~ap ~ ~a~ we have seen (s~ below).

'RdTHM~NS FA~ 41328887776 SA Neuchal:el ID:01268285598 15 MRY [~007 IZt:57. No.O07 P.06 Ch~rcoat ci~sre~e ~zers ~ere~oze ~ec~ ~ c~posid~ ~ ~sce ~ ~ ~okc, ~t ~m~ of ~= a~unc~ ~on ~es h~ng ~ ~ ~py o~y a ~ ni~e ~ ~c US ~r~t ~< 1%; ~a~ by au~o~m at ~c US D~mt ~ ~Uulme a~ ~ter fi~ ~ ~e ~i~ ~Z ~e ~t ~a~ of ~e ~t~ f~ I~ or ~t ~ll~mc acetate fi~ ~ no~ ~ p~mp~d us to ~ndu~ ~e ~t s~dy, w~ ~o~ ~ m~ ~ ~ ~" our obs~ ~e made ~= pa~ ~ ~y ~es, ~e ~u~ ~ed ~d not may ~ ac~ib~ ~ p~t co ~a~ and ~ ~ ~uld ~e ~ ~e ~t ~- z~ s~ace of ~es ~ ~e pa~ ~d ~ as ~uld o~ur wh~ ~spo~ed by an indi~dual daily. ~ s~ zoom ~o~ ~d ~ ~or d~m~g ~ p~ ~ ~c filch, ~cludinz ~coal ~ac ~s on ~c bloom w~ ~i~ of ~ds of I~ number o~ ~r~ w~ ~duou~ ~ ~o ~enced r~d~s, ~e ~1 • n~~ ~ w~r~ ~mis~en~ (0.42, z ~d, ~d less ~~d ~d~ ~ fi~on of~ ~e; ~lorc mc~. Pot ~mpl~ one ~uld ~tc ~ ~coal ~u[~ by ~tdng off ~e ~¢~ ~d ~d d~ol~ ~s ~¢ ~ ~ ~ic sol,no ~eR~, a ~ve~on~ ~e~ic p~clc coun¢~ co~d ~ us~ ~o ob~ ~c and n~b= ~sm~udon ~ ~ ~e ~al panics. • e majodwofnon~oked dgarenes, ~ dung h~ ~o~g. ~i~ a mo~ d~- ulcs of~ble s~ ~d numb~ w~ ~scd L~om allA had been smoked by conse~tis~ ~du/r~. The ~pm~z d~ce Mo~. whm qu~cd, none of ~c ~o~s no~ a~ C~e ~ d~ ~uuc of~c ~- ~te h~dcr. ~m~ ~ not ~ ~mpl~ ~ ~oal, ~c ~o~ ~ not ~po~ m ~ ~ d~ ~ ~o~ Js ~ ~." For ~ pa~d~ I~¢~ on ~c boemm o~ "me~ ~ ~lou¢ o~ filter fib~s ~c ~l~t~ smok~ a ~ ~ ~e usu~ m~ ~d a~ ~s~ ~r mou~ ~.-- ~ ~z~. ~c mou~ ~ ~s ~1~ ~e ~ d~ ~ was iden~ed s~dies co~ end ~d ~ obs~dons ~n~es d~ ~o~ng. ~ d~b~ by Shepherd," ~e ~iple wbi~ ~ou~ ~o~ abou~ for a number of c~ caV~ c~~ ~c choral d~g ~ o~e ~ ~ ~c hopper fc~ ~ o~y papally filled ~ c~ g~ul~, ~d ~c~re ~~y ~ i~ ~ collapse bccom~ ~fi~z d~g ~¢ hi~ spe~s ~a$ zhis d~z~ may also bc a~buz~ p~ to ~ s~d ~e~e mn~nK mach~es ~> lO 000 ~=~ p~m~uee) ~d c~=c ~n~ ~¢s (> ~0 boxes m~um). O~ ~dies ~ve ~ ~at ~e ~arcoal ~nulcs ~n bc ~s~d ~m ~e ~ ~OU~ ~e gapS. "~ ga~, W~ wc~ obs~d in 70.4% of~c ~okcd ~e formed by ehe ~p~¢ion of ~¢ ~PP~E pap~. Additionally, ~c hca¢ g~- ~ as m Io~ ~e wrapp~g ~p~ ~d g~ may ~ ~ ~¢er ~a~ ~d bc ~ or ~gc~t~. do~mcn~ ~ac ~ow~ ~c this ~obacco corn-

15/05 '97 16:36 FAX 41328887776 SA Neucha~el "RO~HM~NS BRSILDON ID :01268286598 15 Mf~Y ~oo8 i4:59,.:No.007 P p~ny ~ras a~arc of "carbon fallout" 1960s an~ ~ ~ ~l~~ ~ ~e 107~ For ~mpls, P~ M~s ~ ~b~ a ~on and ~mus ~ fallout.~z~ ~ ~ priori, ci~c~ pads (~Hi~m ~a~ B~for~ ~ 11-20 ~ (~)~ 21-~0 ~ (14)~ ~1~ (I0)~ 4~-~0 ~ ~6)~ ~1-70 ~ (9)~ 7~0 (2); 8~-~00 ~ (1)~ 200 ~ G)~ ~ ~00 ob~ ~y ~~ (~ 10 ~) ~ N~ ~s~ ~ O~o~l 1~ ~n p~ ff~ ~lc,-~O0 . A ~y pu~ed ~ 19~8,supp~z~ by d~r~ ~e ~e~ of ~Ln el~m ~ ~s~ ~m ~c ~ s~ ~c~e b~ds z~.~ ~ ~szi~- s~ple of Ts~ ~o~ dcposim ~m • ~lid p~e [~l] ~ g ~c]e or ~yd~ alon~. ~ need ~i~c so~d ps~am mat~ ~ ~e ~0~ sw~m ~uid ~ ~di~dY~ ~ ~cl~ ~y ~mo~ ~e d~o~ ample ~d~e ~ ~ ob~in~ ~ ~- m~pl~, ~d neopl~ia/' ~ To ~e bur a ~o~ic ~ ~s ~os~ ~ in~a~on or ~iIla~ hnve b~ id~dY ~e underl~ m~is~ have ~ ~cen~y/~n ~s of c~ogen- ~is from ~ese ~t~a~ al~ d~bc con~- ~nc ~mnic Jn~mma6on, cpi~i~ don, and fibrosis.~ In~uded in rids li~r~ng b~ ~I d~ ~ di~cl s~~ adcq~te ~tes for pr~i~s h~n ~r ~k has ~ debar, ~d is ~en~y ~d~ i~~~' and fib.s~ m[~ lead to fiduc ~ju~. ~e ~ude mc~s whe~by ~I~ or sx~ul~c pha~c I~uC~CS ~or ms~pha~ ~ n~m~) or lung ~i~ ~ C~c I or ~ w p~ucc ~o~ ~at aU~t ~c ~ of mu~d ~11~ ~a~c lcu~s ~m ~o~ ~g~ ~ide~ ~d ~1 ~di~) ~y ~sgc DNA ~d p~om g~ ~ ~um~s ~t a~ ~s~ at ~ ag~m may f~ D~A addu~ ~ lead m ~our for~ ~ ~fi~ ~d flb~ ~ ~e ~I ~y cause ~ ~d~ raise s~ious qu~ ia~ of ~a~ ~ules by ~e of ~ple ~rld~d~ ~nd p~y ~ ~ who ~ ~pr~scd a pref~nce for ~oaL flker ~ ~o~l ~uI~ ~e rele~ed ~e mou~ ~cy a~ ~y ~o be i~ed or ~g~t~. ~ po~Lon ~ par~cl~ ~bu~ed ~o ~e ~p~azo~ ~ is no~ ~ ~ p~fi~ would bv ~ cigar#~e ~okc. Smaller c~nn par6~ ~uld p~e d~p ~o ~e l~g, and ~ge ~o ~iia~ ~i~elial ~Hs ~a~ me~a~e mu~i~ ~lator ~nce me~. ~a~l ~d be deg~ded i= ~. ~e ~ ~om ~re~e ~ke may ~ phag~ ~o~d by lung ma~op~s. ~ have obs~d [s~ ~on p~r~i~ in liv~g ~phag~ isola~d ~ ~h h~an Ch~coal pa~s, like o~ ~o~i~ ma~ag~ to s~c~c ~g~ ~a~ may damage adia~n¢ ~s. ~ p~ lls~g ~ ~ese ms--phage d~cd ~o~ includ~ w~, ~ ni~c ~de, and o~g~ inherits; ~uc ~y ~ar may indued by ~e$c ~ hu ~ ~ewed elsewhere.~s ~ ~ ~0 0 ~o O~ 0

F~ 41~28887776 SA ID :01268286598 Nettcha~e~ ~I 0 0 9 15 MFIY'97 15:00; No.O0? P.08 I~ is also likely tha~ some carbon p ~atdcles zclcased f~om the cigarette filteg during smoking would be u-appear by saliva or mucus and swallowcd. "Une charcoal would |~'V~ ~ • car~le~ of gas phasa xoxins deliveccd to rno~. zimn 20 feet of~e gasn-ointcstinsl trac~. Conclusions Many smokez~ perceive the cigareue filter as a safety device. However, ~he safety of the filter has no~ been inve=t~gate~ orlticaUy. This study from the charcoal filter ofI~rk cigareues when ~moked by heaJzh~ adtdt ~zxoke.gs. ~ds otw previous ol~ervations indicatinZ defect in the filters of cigarettes." Further research should be directed towzu-d ~g whether the released c/garotte filter compo- nents increase the smoke~ r~k of chronic ~a~ion and malignant the unsuspecting amokksg publ~c is being untmowlngly and ~~y ~ by mm- bi~sis~ c~m~ ~at ~y a~t ~k- ~ ~u~d ~er. ~s~y~ ~ous ~plica~io~ ~r ~u~ ~Sare~e ~ and s~c m illus~tc ~e ~d tobacco pmdu~ ~a~on. ]c~cd of~o ~t r~o~s ~ ~tc zo sm~~' ~ One ~p~ no~ ~c "Solid have ~da~ a ~ ad~mge a~mz t~e ~c fih~ a~ pncumad~lly suppli~ zo ~e ma~e. ~is mea~ ~ ~c ~W ~m~ ~e ~k po~ ~ ~¢ ~t~ d~ ~v~on of an op~ ~sor f~ d~g a defe~t ~ dual and ~le ~ ~I~= ~ ~e~ ~ flh~, ~no ~al pard~e ~[~ ~e mou~ of a mok~ wh~ he or ~e ~oke~" man~actur~g priest.~ ~ a ~t of ~ugh whi~ ~ pa~ am ~ m~ ~phas~ added.) i ~ 1963i269:1161~. IS ~ ~ US ~ f~ory ~ m m~ ~ 19 G~ C ~, plc~ PICA m~ ~e cs~ for 21 ~ V~ ~ fog~ P~ M~ ~ ~r 14, ~ ps~ ~ m~ad~ ~ ~ mem~ for ~a~ ~bt~ a mumm~ ~ ~H~ ~t~ P~ Iggl:l-~l I. ~n~a~ ~t~ c~ IO D~. 1~6.