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I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I AUTHOR: PURETZ, DONALD H. DATE: 1973 TITLE: CHRONIC EFFECTS OF LONG TERM CIGARETTE SMOKE INHALATION UPON THE DEVELOPMENT OF OXYGEN DEBT CAPACITY IN ALBINO MICE. CITATION: RESEARCH QUARTERLY 44, No. 4 397-403 (1973) STUDY DESIGN: This study was designed to test the efficiency of the cardiorespiratory system of smoking experimental animals through use of the mechanisms of oxygen debt. One hundred random bred, male albino mice, were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Prior to commencing the study, maximum swimming time with 10% of subjects weight attached was determined for each group and each subject. The study was then divided into three phases, each of 3 month duration. Experimental animals were exposed to cigarette smoke for 15 min., three times/day, 7 days per week (smoking machine not detailed). During the first experimental period (0-3 months) the experimental group smoked, the control group did not. Neither group was forced to exercise. During the 2na phase, both groups were forced to undergo a gradually increasing exercise regimen. The experimental group continued to receive smoke ( thus up to 6 month of smoke exposure). During the third phase (6-9 months), the exp. Group ceased smoking and both groups continued developmental exercise against resistance. RNDINGSIRESULTS: During the 1s~ phase of the experiment, each group gained in mean swimming time: the exp. group. ,by 1.71 sec and the control group 3.91 sec. This difference was not significant. During the 2no phase, each group gained in maximal ability, as measured by maximal swimming test against the same resistance as used previously. The experimental group by 0.88 sec and the control by 8.57 sec ( this was a significant difference). During the third experimental period, each group suffered a diminished maximal swimming time, the experimental losing 1.87 sec and the control losing 2.97 sec. The difference was not significant. During the overall study period (0-9 months), the, the exp. group smoked for the 1st 6 months and exercised for the last 6 months; the control group merely exercised for the last 6 months. The increase in mean swimming time was 0.73 in the exp. group and 9.37 in the control group. The difference was highly significant. CONCLUSIONS: The study indicates that the first 3 months of smoke inhalation was not sufficiently "long term" to cause significantly measurable deterioration in oxygen debt capacity. During the 2nd phase of the study, the experimental group gained significantly less in oxygen debt capacity than did the control group. During the 3ra phase, both groups lost oxygen debt capacity. In the fourth phase of the study, data were analyzed for the entire 9 months, namely 0 versus 9 months. Examination of data in this fashion, the means were highly significant. The authors conclude that this result was consistent with findings that cigarette smoke inhalation damages tissue areas thought to be directly involved in mechanisms upon which oxygen debt capacity depend. 0