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i I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I AUTHOR: KETKAR, M.B., R. FUHST AND U. MOHR 1984 THE EFFECT OF CIGARETTE SMOKE EXPOSURE IN EUROPEAN HAMSTERS CITATIONt. EXP. PATH. 25,130-160 (1984) Male and female laboratory bred European hamsters were divided into 3 groups (2 treatment, 1 control) wffh 19 males and 11 females serving as untreated controls. The animals from two experimental groups (15 male and 15 female) were exposed to total smoke of 2 different types of unfiltered research cigarettes: type C1 (100% Virginia tobacco, 2.96 mg nic, 37.2 mg DPM, 3.5 voi % CO and type C2 - 100% reconstituted tobacco, 0.5 mg nic, 12.3 mg DPM, 5.32 vol % CO. Exposure was effected by means of a closed system attached to a modified RM20/68 smoking machine, using FTC smoking parameters. Each hamster was placed in a glass exposure chamber (vol. 1,5000 ml). All experimental animals exposed to the respective cigarette smoke once per day, 5 days/week for 130 weeks. At completion of the study, animals were sacrificed and complete autopsies were preformed. ,RNDINGS/RESU!,.TS= There was no significant effect on mortality between hamsters exposed to the two different types of cigarette smoke. Controls and experimental animals showed similar seasonal variations in body weight, However, exposure to cigarette smoke reveals approximately 25% reduced body weight in both the experimental groups compared to the controls. Histopathological alterations were mainly observed in the respiratory tract. These changes included mild and severe inflammatory reactions, hyperplasia, metaplasia and occasionally dysplasla. A few papillomas were observed in the nasal and paranasal cavities, but the incidence were higher in the control than in the treatment groups. In the forestomach severe hyperkeratosis was seen in approximately 65% of hamsters exposed to both types of cigarette smoke, although papillomas of the forestomach were observed in both control and experimental hamsters. A correspoinding percentage of hamsters exposed to both types of smoke showed a hyperplastic epithelium of the renal pelvis. Tumors in other organs other than the respiratory tract and stomach were deemed not-treatment related, since they were observed in both the treated hamsters was well as the control and corresponded in incidence to those known to occur spontaneously in these species. Throughout the experiment, changes in the values in haematocrit, mean cell volume, haemoglobin and thrombocytes after smoke exposure in experimental animals were observed. However, these changes were neither treatment-dependent nor time-related in any of the parameters measures as smiliar changes were also observed in the controls. ,CO_ NCLUS, IONS:, Exposure related alterations were found in the respiratory tract and forestomach. However, smoke exposure of 130 weeks had no effect on mortality and led to no neoplastic response. r~o