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f .r...~~ . The Philip Morris Magazine Summer 1988 Voiume3, Number 3 The Philip Morris Magazine Is distributed four times a year compliments of Philip Morris U.S.A. Frank Gannon, Editor Owen Hartfey, Art Director Cecilia Blount, Assoc. Art Director David Hume Kennerly, Director of Photography George F. Meade, Production Consultant Guy L Smith, Publisher Mary A. Taylor, Associate Publisher Cheryl Waixel, Publication Manager Marc Jordan, Publication Coordinator John R. Nelson, Jr., Circulation Director Michael Malik, Circulation Manager Steven H. Weiss, Publicity Manager Correspendemt Senior Comtpondentt V. Buccellato, L Glennie, J. Gillis, 0. Nelson, L Olson Correspondents: Atlanta: C. Johnson, K. Sass: Battlmon: B. Pettinelli; Boston: J. Keighley; Charlotte: G. Bowers, H, Johnson, J. Jones: Chicage: L. Scanlon. E. Van Oyke, P. Wilson; Cleveland: C. Miller; Dallas: C. Finch, W. Lott: Denver: D. Atlord, B. Anderson, J. Gibson; DetroR: B. Hopkins: Hartford: A. Glaeberman; Houston: J. Love; Juksonvlk.: G. Wren; Kansas Cfty: J. Clary; Us Angeles: JKuhlman. T. O'Hirok; Louisville: 0. Ison, B. Kohl; Miaml: G. Burgess; Minneapolis: P. Bainter: Nashvilla: R. Martindale; New Orleans: W. Cashion; New York: J. Boltz. M. Gold, M, Irish. J. Kochevar. D. Lauter. E. Moore, A. Miller, H. Mize, J. Ramsay, A. Roberts, G. Salvato, A. Sheridan, S. Strausser, L. Zuke; Paterson: P, Gregano; Philadelphia: J. Chang, J. Chaump; Richmond; T. Hanson. R. Mocre: St. Louis: J. Petroski; San Diego: C. Evarkicu; San Francisco: S. Vasquez. T, Walls; Seattle: J. Henry; Syracuse: J. Bartek. Philip Morrls Magazine is published by Philip Morris U.S.A., 120 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10017; Frank E. Resnik, president. Prepared by Gannon/Hartley, Ltd. Editorial offices: 153 Waverly Place, 3rd Floor New York, NY 10014 Copyrfght° 1988 Phillp Morris U.S.A. All rights reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part without written permission Is prohibited. Publisher reserves the rtght to accept or reject any editorial or advertising matter. Publisher assumes no responsibility for the return of unsolicited manuscripts or art. The material Is provided for the reader5 information and enjoyment only. Philip Morris US.A. does not endorse or assume liability for its contents. Publication date: July 15, 1988 3 R1 KWue< rY4shas «,t,Krw CONTENTS INSIDE PMM 5 PWM RECOMMENDS 6 ATLANTA ON MY MIND, BY RON HUDSPETH 8 THE BIG EASY DOES IT, BY VANCE BOURJAILY 12 VIETNAM VETS' VOICE, BY LAURA PALMER 16 PITCHER PERFECT, BY SHEILA LUKINS 18 PM NOTEBOOK: READER SURVEY-THE WAY WE LIVE NOW 21 THE LIBERATOR OF BULGARIA, BY CHARLES KURALT 31 HUT! HIKE! HO!, BY FRANK GANNON 32 TRUE COLORS, BY JIM CALIO 37 SEASCAPE, BY JAMES DAY 40 FREEDOM AND LICENSE, BY MIKE WILKINS 44 THE GOLDEN ONE HUNDRED CIRCLE 46 ON THE COVER ,_Jofo Toeppner photographed by afichaelA, Smith. PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZINE SUMMER 1988 3 {

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INSIDE PIVI~VI Sheila Lukins is president of The Silver Palate, a gourmet food company in Manhattan. She founded the company in 1977 with partner Julee Rosso. Their books, The Silver Palate Cookbook (1982) and The Silver Palate Good Times Cookbook (1985) total over 1.5 million copies in print. In 1987, La Cuisine des Americains, a combination of both cookbooks, became the first Americam cookbook ever to be translated into French. The Silver Palate also has two retail stores in Tokyo, Japan. In 1986, Lukins was named food editor (together with Rosso) of Parade Magazine, following Julia Child's resignation. Vance Bourjaily is the author of 11 books, including The End of My Life (his debut); The Violated (a New York Times review called Bourjaily "a Dostoevsky of the generation that officially came of age in World War II"); Confessions of a Spent Youth; The Man Who Knew Kennedy; and Brill among the Ruins. His most recent novel is The Great Fake Book (1986). Bourjaily taught for many years at the Writers Workshop at the University of Iowa. He currently lives in the Crescent City and teaches at Louisiana State University. Ron Hudspeth grew up in the Ever- glades "wrestling alligators and play- ing cowboys" on his father's ranch. He emigrated to Atlanta, where he spent eight years covering the sports scene. Since 1987, he has put out the cwu.uro fA1QOM .AST sTRf~Tf monthly Hudspeth Report, a 36-page Atlanta monthly. He has eaten barbecue and talked racing with Jimmy Carter; and has interviewed Billy Graham, Joe Na- math, Miss Universe and a gorilla.. Laura Palmer, a native of Evanston, Illinois, lived and worked as a journal- ist for two years in Saigon. In 1975, she covered the fall of Saigon, leaving on the last day in a chopper. She is the author of Shrapnel in the Heart, a collection of letters and poems that have been left at the Vietnam Veterans Memorial. Now in its third printing, due out in paperback this fall, "It's a perspective on the war from the people who have lost the most, but have said the least." A passionate Chicago Cubs fan and now a resident of Manhattan, Palmer has run the New York City Marathon twice. She is the mother of a seven- year-old daughter, Sabrina, and is planning her second book. Her articles have appeared in GQ and Rolling Stone. Joan Marcus was headed for graduate studies in landscape architecture, but then she wasn't counting on the lure of her Nikon. She began shooting in Washington, D.C. for The Washingtonian. Freelance and corporate work, and performance photography for regional theaters led to a contract with the Kennedy Center in 1985. Marcus's photographs have appeared in W, M, and WWD, among other magazines. Her forte is black-and-white; her preferred medium is a 21/4" for- mat camera. Her sights aren't confined to lenses, though: "I'm a wonderful cook," she confesses. "If I weren't a photographer, I'd be a caterer." UPpATE Two PMM contributors have gone Hollywood: Jim Calio, who wrote for People magazine about the 1985 TWA hijacking, was co-executive producer of the recent NBC movie about the incident, The Taking of Flight 847: The Uli Derickson Story, which enjoyed boffo (as they say) ratings for its time slot. His partner, PMM Director of Photography David Hume Kennerly, has also just finished a two-hour TV movie for a Vietnam series based on his book, Shooter, about Kennerly's stint as a photographer in Vietnam. Russell Martin, who wrote about cowboy Dave Appleton in our Fall BOT SHOT '87 issue, has just published his first novel, Beautiful Islands (Linden Press/ Simon & Schuster). Elizabeth Benedict, who profiled country singer Lacy J. Dalton in our Fall '86 issue, has just published her second novel, The Beginner's Book of Dreams (Knopf). PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1988 5

` `~tP[lSURE ~ ~ _, ~;~fiotographer Stephen along California's Paciff c Coast aval" from Friendty'Prasa ~'. ~-~uments the succulent Highway. The coffee-tObie-sized ~ac., 4ttt Park i~ve: South jNew olors, majestic landscape, and California One, The Pacific Coast Yvrk, ItV 10016. Call (212) inguiar lifestyles to be found Nighwayis $65.00 and is Sd4-M5. i-i 1s 11 A r. i r- i C r 0 A s T M i G i-i W a•r 8 r s T r r 14 r: N W f! i: ic 4

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ATLA11 Mfl Jogging with a popular columnist through Atlanta-where the Democrats will name their candidate for president. ome put on your running- and partying-shoes and jog through the city with me, on a road that runs along the crest of Atlanta's hills. Its name is Peachtree. Never mind that it has no peach trees on it. Never mind that there are no fewer than 29 other streets in Atlanta with the name Peachtree in them. Peach trees mean a lot to us Atlan- tans. It has to do with a feeling about our city that's not easily put into words. Although Atlanta lies hun- dreds of miles from the nearest ocean, it's an island unto itself. We'll start downtown. And we don't have to hurry, unlike the run- ners who turn the city into a vast course in the annual Fourth of July Peachtree Road Race. BY RON HUDSPETH PHOTOGRAPHS BY LEE CRUM See that businessman who stops to look down at a full-blown scarlet aza- lea? Or an explosion of dogwood blossoms? Without knowing exactly why, he takes off his tie and his pace slows . . . and slows. We've all been snagged by Atlanta like that. Even when your head's up, down- town is beautiful to behold. Sun- topped skyscrapers mix with giant PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZWE/SUMMER 1988 9 v I .

s ! ~ 0 ~ N The heart and soul of Atlanta beats on Peachtree, one of the city's 29 streets containing the word 'peachtree.' Clockwise from top left: The High Museum of Art, designed by Richard Mier; happy hour celebration at The East Village Grill, Buckhead's newest hangout; Wyolene's is the place for barbecue; a lunchtime iog through Piedmont Park; Atlantans' favorite building, Philip Johnson's skyscraper for IBM. Opposite page: The Buckhead Diner, where yuppies wait hours to sit in plush booths. cranes. Comedian Martin Mull once said, "It's going to be a great town when you get it finished." We're still waiting to see how it turns out. Due north, the Peachtree Plaza, the world's tallest hotel, juts skyward; but the highest building, looming far- thernorth, is the 50-story IBM tower, designed in dignified twenties' style- To me, it looks a lot like the Empire State Building. I overheard one woman say, after seeing it for the first time, "It's gorgeous. If it was a man, I'd marry it." Let's stop at Manuel's, the city's most famous pub. Drawn inside the rustic interior by the delicious smell of their legendary chili dog, I check out the regular crowd of lawyers, writers, doctors, and other Indian chiefs. They're busy checking out the power lunchers, too. It's not unusual to ste Jimmy Carter here on a break from his new Carter Presidential Library right around the block. For all of its concrete-and-glass splendor, downtown isn't without problems. In spite of the huge num- bers of conventioneers at the World !I lF1lld AK4YRl3AGfG.tZINE~SUMMER t9BB Congress Center, downtown rolls up the sidewalks after dark. But that's going to change soon-right under my sneakered feet-thanks to Under- ground Atlanta. In the Civil War era, Under- ground Atlanta was the zero mile marker of every train that arrived in the city. In the 1960s, when it was the hub of a swinging, boomtown social life, Underground was Atlanta. Fam- ilies and singles alike loved this war- ren filled with restaurants, night- clubs, pubs, and shops. It was an adult Disneyland, carved out of a place once forgotten and covered by viaducts. The joke around Atlanta was that the state legislators were go- ing to change the divorce laws to make the grounds adultery, incom- patibility, and Underground. Now the city is trying to recap- ture the glory days with a $140 million renovation. So diverse was Underground's nightlife that one evening the entire cast of The Waltons arrived at Muhlenbrink's pub at almost the same time as Gregg Allman and Cher walked in the door. There was Allman and the Walton crew listen- ing to the late Piano Red bang out "You Got the Right String Baby But the Wrong Yo-Yo" on his old piano. The Underground died when At- lantans started to follow Peachtree out to the northern suburbs. Some- times they forgot what they'd left be- hind for the wrecking ball. Sadly, much of the old has been torn down-such as the Loew's Grand, scene of the legendary Gone With the Wind premiere in 1939. One magnif- icent building that was saved is The Fox, a 4000-seat ornate picture pal- ace on Peachtree, dating back to the roaring twenties. The preservationists are fighting to save a creaky old apartment build- ing at Peachtree and 10th Streets. It's a far cry from Tara, but inside one of its cramped rooms Margaret Mitchell wrote her epic novel of the old South. The soul of Rhett Butler lives on in many Atlanta men. Doesn't Ted Turner remind you of him? And you can ask any world traveler about our Scarlett O'Haras. i

if New York is the Big Apple and New Orleans is the Big Easy, then Atlanta is the Big Hustle. et's stop and stretch a bit at the High Museum of Art. At first glance it looks like a white steel castle im- probably parked in subur- ban woods. Climbing up the spiral walkway to the High's top floor, we catch a breathtaking view-not of a city, but a forest: Atlanta has more trees than any other metropolitan city. It is a green oasis amid gently rolling hills. From here you can see Virginia Highland, a quaint neigh- borhood of small shops, cozy old homes with the friendly, broad porches and the mammoth magnolias of the South. Flowers and front porches aren't all that we Atlantans have to relax with. There's cooking, and just in time, too. Down at Wyolene's on Peachtree Street in Buckhead we can get genuine barbecue and mom's meatloaf. An old '57 Chevy sits out front right next to old-fashioned Coke boxes. Pull your drink out if your hand can stand the cold. Makes me think of Harold's, on the south side, where you can watch ' em smoke the barbecue and sample cracklin' corn bread. Or Maria's, where the grits are the best, and the biscuits have been critically acclaimed by no lesser authority than The New York Times. Notice that strangers smile at you on the streets. Atlanta has had that effect on folks for ages. I suspect it would have worked for Sherman, had he not been so quick to torch it. The Rhetts and Scarletts of 1988 go to Buckhead, an area on the city's north side, to see and be seen. No fewer than 65 restaurants, bars, and assorted night spots dot the neighbor- hood that got its name from frontier days. Atlanta's early settlers used to meet at this corner, marked by a buck's head on a post. Today, it still looks like a frontier town. Construction is rampant. Clouds of red clay fly up around the Porsche- and Mercedes-lined parking lots. Investors' money flows hard and fast into restaurants and bars that are bigger than the out-of-town originals. Patrick Kuleto, the noted architect of San Francisco's Fog City Diner, says that his new Buckhead Diner "makes the original Fog City Diner look like McDonald's." To me, it Iooks Iike a space ship, decorated inside like a fancy railcar on the Orient Express. The Peachtree Cafe is the quintes- sential Buckhead watering hole. It's a chic restaurant/bar and outdoor patio with acres of BMWs on the outside, acres of Boomers on the inside. Di- rectly across the street from the Peachtree Cafe is Otto's-a long, narrow bar and restaurant. Movers and shakers hang out here until the wee hours. This place is so terribly trendy it features Atlanta's first ~10 hamburger. Have you heard the joke about At- lanta that speculates that those who go to heaven have to change planes in Atlanta first? If it were true, a lot of people could just get off here and never know the difference. ^ 4 PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1988 11

~111J BI~ ~~SY DOESIT .1 1 Early morning light strikes Bourbon Street (above). Opposite page, Patricia Dunn, a triathiete from New Orleans, runs through Jackson Square. BY VANCE BOI/RJAELY Jogging with a distinguished novelist through New Orleans-where the Republicans will nane their candidate for president. ne day not long ago in New Or- leans, I took it into my head to jog from Jean Lafitte's Black- smith Shop, a bar on Bourbon Street, to Audubon Park, where the zoo is. Laffite was a pirate, Audubon a painter. New Orleans still has a fair supply of both, and I started from the modern pirates' end of town. The bar at the corner of St. Philip is said to be the oldest building in the city and looks it. Like most of those in the old part of the city (called the French Quarter), it's a single-story building. Unlike the others, which are mostly wooden, the Blacksmith Shop is built of faded pink bricks, and has a wonderful sag to it. It's a nice place to have the last brandy of an evening, especially in winter, when there's an open fire on the raised hearth, which may once have been part of the forge. A couple of blocks along, I was passed by a bunch of school kids skit- tering along on some sort of field trip, being kept together by teachers fore and aft-which gives you an idea of how fast my jogging is. I've achieved the 12-minute mile, and the 15-min- ute mile is within reach. Stopping to look at things seems to help. Right there I stopped, as a matter of fact, to read a poster, handwritten in magic marker and Xeroxed, for it reappeared on several other streets that morning. "Mishelle," it cried out, spelled just as I'm transcribing it, "you bloo your cover when you looked into my eys . . . " Mishelle, it seemed, had been masked when her eyes betrayed her, and now the signa- tory felt entitled to hear from her. It might have seemed an odd manner of courtship any place but New Orleans. PHOTO6RAPHS BY LEE CRUM \2 PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZINE.!SUMMER 1988

I ran on-well, I shuffled on-hap- pily, watching the thin morning crowd with their beer cups and Hur- ricanes, hearing live music already from some of the clubs, and turned left on St. Peter. I crossed Royal, just half a block away, where elegance mingles in again with restaurants like Bren- nan's, expensive antique shops, and tony art galleries. Both the tawdry and the elegant spots are supported mainly by the visitor's dollar, but Brennan's is an exception and break- fast there a ritual enjoyed by Louisi- anans as well as their paying guests. A bachelor friend of mine in Baton Rouge, on being attracted to a new lady, will ask her to drive down with him to have breakfast at Brennan's, 80 miles away, as their first date. Continuing on St. Peter past a tall wooden house with many years' ac- cumulation of Mardi Gras beads and banners decorating the balconies in lieu of paint, I thought: Even some of the houses are in costume. I reached Jackson Square. The French Quarter is full of architectural jewels; Jackson Square is the crown. I did what I always do when I want to enjoy its appearance; I went across the square-past the mimes and por- trait painters, past the rambunctious In the French Qvarter, people declare life a costume party any time they tike. A French Quarter balcony decked with Mardi Gras beads and banners (above). A trumpeter works the late afternoon crowd at the Moonwalk on the Mississippi River across from Jackson Square (below). Willie Taylor, a French Quarter street dancer for over 30 years, does a soft shoe in front of Lafitte's Blacksmith Bar on Bourbon Street (opp. page, above). A streetcar travels uptown on St. Charles Avenue at Audubon Park (opp. page, below). KEY 1. Jean LaHtte's 6. Lafayette Cemetery 2. Preservation HaD 7. Zoo 3. Jackson Square 8. Audubon Park 1. Central Business District 9. St. Charles Avenue Streetcars 5, Garden District w 0 0 z ~ ~ equestrian statue of Andrew Jackson, past the horsedrawn carriages, across North Peters Street-to climb the stairs of Washington Artillery Park, built by the Army Engineers to hide a portion of the remarkably ugly flood wall they have constructed all along the Mississippi waterfront blocking the river view from Jackson Square. The river is wide, fast, and muddy, and full of all kinds of reso- nance for me. Two tugboats seemed to be having a race out among the barges and freighters. I turned away from the river and looked across the lovely, symmetrical square. To the left and right are very 1 4 " PHJIIDMORR75 MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1988

T f ~ > long, three-story apartment build- ings, the first ever built in this coun- try: brick buildings with striking wrought-iron railings along their rows of balconies. They are from the 1850s and named for their builder, the scandalous Baroness Pontalba. Straight across the square, facing where I stood, are twin buildings called the Cabildo and the Presby- tere, handsome granite structures with mansard roofs; between them stands the three-spired cathedral, re- built in 1850. V anal Street is the southwest boundary of the French Quarter. It's also New Or- leans' most important thoroughfare. - Cross-street names change here, and house numbers start from zero in both directions. Chartres Street be- comes Camp where I crossed Canal. The Central Business District spreads out to the right. I turned left, then right,, zigzagging into the area of the big convention hotels-the Westin, the Marriott, the Doubletree, the Crowne Plaza, the Sheraton, and the Hilton. To the last of these is at- tached a shopping mall three blocks long, running along the Mississippi. It wasn't very crowded, so I jogged through it. Except for a high inci- dence of oyster bars, I could have been anywhere in the United States. I stopped for half a dozen on the half shell to remind myself where I was, then trotted out the south end, past the big New Orleans Convention Center and on through a district of factories and warehouses, many of them now inactive or even being con- verted into condos. We have great street names here. I turned right on Calliope and left on Tchoupitoulas (which I still haven't learned to pronounce) under the ap- proaches to the Mississippi River Bridge. Then, turning my back to the wharves, I entered the Garden Dis- trict on Annunciation. The Garden District is an area of pretty, upper-middle-class homes and occasional mansions, but the mansions, like the factories, are now mostly converted into condos and apartments. Although a good many young professional people live here, in the glare of daylight there was an overall feeling of its being a bit run- down. I was again reminded of the city's age, and thought: The old girl's reached the time of life when she looks better at night. Back on Annunciation Street, I moved past a type of cemetery char- acteristic of this city, a whole block surrounded by a white brick wall eight feet high. Over the top, I could see the ornate roofs of innumerable little buildings: family vaults. The water table in New Orleans is so close to the surface that the dead are al- ways buried above ground. New Orleans was French, then Spanish, then French again. It be- came American by the famous 1803 purchase and fought off the British in 1813 to achieve its nationality for good. For the next 100 years, it was a boisterous, turbulent city, a center of shipping and Southern commerce and, until Civil War days, the slave trade. Its decline is sometimes dated from the closing of Storyville (the red-light district where jazz was born) at the time of the First World War. But that event was more coincidental than causative. The real cause is what happened to Southern agricul- ture in the years between the Civil War and World War I. I was uptown now. I ran on into the John J. Audubon Park and pre- sented my family-membership card at the zoo, in which there is consider- able civic pride. I found myself visiting with a couple of female elephants and studying a chart that told me how to tell the Afri- can from the Asian. There seemed to be one of each. According to the chart, the African one has much big- ger ears. They were tossing hay around, eating it and throwing it, and seemed to be good friends. "You're not the only out-of-towners, ladies," I said. "This strange city isn't just living in its past; it's mar- keting it as fast as it can, like an old coquette selling off her party clothes." A few minutes later, I decided I might be wrong. The streetcar back to Canal Street stops at St. Charles Avenue. Some of the mansions of St. Charles are still whole and are kept up by the old families who have al- ways lived there-the families who belong to the Krewes parading in grotesque costumes at Mardi Gras, who order wine with their breakfast at Brennan's, and are buried above ground. I'd never thought it accurate be- fore, but I was pretty close now to ac- cepting the famous lyrics to "Basin Street Blues"-"New Orleans, land of dreams . . . " Not having been brought up in one of the Garden District mansions or on one of the racially mixed blocks in the French Quarter, I probably was and always would be the stranger to whom the song goes on to say, "You'll never know how much it means/Or just how sweet it really seems . . . " There could be more to New Or- leans than meets a jogger's eye. El PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZINE/SUMMER I9ti8 15

VIETNAMVEIS"VOICE Combat nurse Mary Stout knew the hell of war. Now she's fighting for a better life for Vietnam veterans. if W .n ne question stopped her dead in her tracks. "What do you do to relax?" Long pause. Longer pause. "Relax, you know, to have fun ... What do you do to unwind?" "That's a terrible question!" force it is today. She rose up through the ranks, serving as membership di- rector, then national secretary, before becoming president in 1987. Caring and service to others have been themes in Mary Stout's life since she was a girl. While other teenage chums were pasting pictures of Elvis in their scrap- As she was finishing basic training, she fell in love with a handsome, newly-minted officer, Carl Stout. He was on his way to Vietnam, and she volunteered to go too. The year was 1966 and the war was steadily escalating. Mary spent her tour with the Second Surgical Hospi- tal, first in the Central Highlands and then in Chu Lai, closer to Danang. There, she worked 12 hours a day, seven days a week as an intensive care nurse, treating the bloodied and mangled bodies of boys her own age or younger. She had to learn to get numb to survive. When one of her favorite patients died and an unfeel- ing doctor told her she could have done more for the boy, the unfounded remark was like a grenade lobbed into her soul. The Mary who speaks now is still tender and teary-eyed. As she lights a cigarette and sighs, pain gives weight to her words. "Everybody has one pefson who is the epit- ome of the tragedy. If you can resolve the issues of that one death, then you've gone a long way towards resolving all of it." The turning point came in Mary Stout in 1967 In An Khe, with a Montagnard village chief and a Vietnamese nurse (above), and today (opposite). The VVA was born in 1978. It helped provide crucial emotional sup- port for veterans through rap centers, and it became an advocate for vet- erans' issues and, over the years, a symbol of the positive image Vietnam vets both earned and deserved. Mary Stout got in on the ground floor and was instrumental in building and shaping the organization into the Truth of the matter is that Mary Stout loves to work and finds being the first woman to serve as president of the 35,000-member Vietnam Vet- erans of America in Washing- ton, D.C., a natural high. Work makes her happy; the more she works, the happier she gets. When she is not working (which is rarely), she enjoys playing "Hearts" with her teenage daughters, watching old movies, or puttering around in her yard in subur- ban Virginia. It's a short list. "I guess the most amazing thing about Mary is her car- ing," says a friend. "She is an extraordinarily caring woman." Compassion and strength are what set this woman apart. It's there in her name-Mary: gentle; Stout: strong. This steel madonna be- gan her career in Vietnam as a 22-year-old Army nurse de- voted to saving lives. books, Mary spent her spare time with the Dominican Sisters of the Sick Poor. These nuns were nurses who cared for those too sick, too feeble, and too poor to find help elsewhere. So when John Kennedy asked a generation what they could do to help their country, Mary had an answer. Lured by the prospect of travel to in- teresting places, Mary decided to be- come an Army nurse. BY LAURA PALMER 1980, when her husband was sta- tioned in Korea for a year. Mary re- turned with her daughters to her home town of Columbus, Ohio. She became hyperactive and couldn't concentrate; she avoided going to bed. The genie was out of the bottle. Mary knew that "there was something definitely wrong, and it was hooked up with Vietnam." It hit her the day she walked into the PHOTOGRAPH BY JOAN MARCUS ~ ff TFDLIPMORABMAGAZINE/SUMMER 1988

Vietnam Veterans of America chapter in Columbus on other business. "What a breakthrough! To walk in and see maps of Vietnam on the wall. They all had tee-shirts that said, 'Vietnam Veterans-A Right To Be Proud.' That just blew me away." That was the beginning. Mary be- came increasingly involved with the VVA and, through the organization, found the key to unlock her Vietnam past. She found a focus for her irtcredi- ble energy and drive. She met sup- portive people, including another Vietnam nurse, who were able to un- derstand her experience. "You can't change what happened yesterday. I can't change what hap- pened in Vietnam. I can't bring back one life. All I can do is what I have to do today." "Their tee-shirts said, 'Vietnam Veterans- A Right To Be Proud.' That iust blew me away:' As a woman, she is an important symbol to other women veterans. A high priority for Mary was the passage of legislation that authorized con- struction of a small statue of a nurse near the Vietnam Veterans Memorial. At peace with her past, Mary Stout is now free to agitate on behalf of V iet- nam vets for their future. She wants increased compensation for Agent Orange victims, and she wants the Veterans Administration to be more responsive to vets' needs. She is com- mitted to keeping open the Vet Cen- ters, where vets can go for counseling, and is lobbying to win vets the right to appeal if their cases are turned down by the VA. MariGrace Stout is 18 years old and looks up to her mom. "She went out and did something she believed in, and she worked hard to achieve her goal. She got where she wanted to be. Mom taught me to face up to things and work them through and to keep your values. She says your values are what will always be with you." Values, commitment, leadership and compassion are what Mary Stow is all about. Her patients, her chil- dren, and now V ietnam vets know that she is there for them-deter- mined to make a difference in their lives because she cares deeply, pas- sionately, and unwaveringly. For Mary, there is no choice. This is the only way she knows how to be. El tHfLIP MORRIS MAGAZINEiSUMMER 1988 17

first rrieB-3iFo`fsreuionade? : summer _ wildfiowers, a. sudden. , , . " ' = dates frorrirwiren r•.rwasalit breeze waftinrg thz'ouz h a veran ' cle;mrl livinriit;.Camiect r-'~ dalr-: and briehtlv Howered eardens ` cut~-f'izsed tdF s€i1-1'einouade-~- iir the heat of su~mer.;"It reminds andseashell jeweliyat;aIit,-',=ine of a grandmother,. white ~. _ . : e<°'staiid-in front Wrijg-. wicker, antique whztelinens, and _ . remembei---,itiau si'tting on the porefiEven better ~-:.: t~ts. to mse~ , was sitting in a dorzble swing with d bracelets,~L my , boyfriend. AncF rherr.Y always at that lit`, think; of bunches;W fresh mint _ ariade for when I think of lenionade. eup. I _tv;as The Basic Recipe "' A glass of traditional lemonade is a erful sumrrier refresher. Basi- N s i

u 11 I I just the right tang and just the right bit of sweetness to make it taste terrific. I like to pur6e some rasp- berries and strain them. Then I put some raspberry puree in a glass, pour some lemonade over it, and gar- nish it with fresh raspber- ries. Or take four ounces of lemon juice and a scoop of lemon or lime sherbet, put it in a glass, and then pour sparkling water over it- that's another wonderful drink. One-to-one ratio lemonade with canteloupe balls or watermelon balls gives it a fresh, fruity flavor. Then too, I like lemonade with crushed lemon mint leaves in it and lots of ice and a sprig of lemon mint com- ing out of the glass. That way is always particularly delicious. As a garnish, you can use peppermint, you can use lemon mint, you can use spearmint. There are so many different kinds and it makes the glass look so pretty. And it smells won- derful. You can also freeze lem- onade in ice cube trays. Pop them out and put them in iced tea or just in a glass of water. It's really refreshing and it's a nice little surprise. That's one of our tips from The Silver Palate Cookbook, ac- tually. Lemonade with vodka (for those people who must have a little alcohol) with a nice zest of lemon is pretty yummy too. Variations on the Theme And then I have a recipe from our second cookbook, The Silver Palate Good Times Cookbook, for lemon sherbet, which is pretty much the lemonade ratio. It's two cups of fresh lemon juice, which is about eight lemons, and two cups of sugar. You mix that with the grated zest of three lemons, one cup of heavy whipping cream, and half a cup of water in a blender or a food processor fitted with a steel blade, and freeze it in an ice cream 20 PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1988 ARIZONA LEMONApE What do you do to slake a desert thirst? Brendan Walsh, owner of Arizona 206 restaurant in New York City, makes a rattling good concoction called Arizona Lemonade. maker according to the manufacturer's instruc- tions. That will give you a quart of lemon sherbet. So there are lots of varia- tions on the theme, but lemonade really is the most old-fashioned drink, and something that I think peo- ple of all ages drink. It's very, very different from something like soda, which adults drink sometimes but that mostly appeals to chil- dren and teenagers. Lemon- ade is something that as LEMONADE SYRUP Boil for 5 minutes: 2 cups sugar 1 cup water 1 lemon rind, cut into thin strips 1/8 teaspoon salt Cool the syrup and mix in equal parts with the juice of freshly squeezed lemons. Pour a cup into a tall glass, or, preferably, a chilled mug. Add Va cup of tequila (Gold Label), ice, and a slice of lemon. brightens the flavor, as I suppose it should, being that wonderful color. It's also terrific on french fries with black pepper just a sprin- kle of lemon juicx-but then we know it's good on a great many things. Powers of Concentration In addition to store-bought lemonade, you can make your own concentrate. Just squeeze the lemon juice, cook it down with sugar, and really reduce the syrup. Lemonade reminds me of fresh mint, summer wildflowers, white wicker, and sitting in a double swieg with my boyfriend. soon as you're a kid of three years old you know is scrumptious, something that you love. It's a wonder- ful summer drink; it really says "hot weather." I'm re- minded of a grandfather walking around with a straw hat, wiping his brow with his handkerchief, and his wife giving him some lem- onade to cool him off. There's something in- credible about lemons. We use lemons so much in all our cooking at The Silver Pal- ate. We use lemon juice a lot in place of salt because it's such a flavor enhancer. It What you do is put it in a pot, heat it over a fairly high heat, and reduce it by half. It becomes kind of syrupy. There are many things you can do with it. It's a great glaze on chicken. You can freeze it and then dilute it with sparkling water or plain water. It can be a little fizzy and not be soda, and that can be really quite nice. That way, it will appeal to kids a little more. Sweetening Sour I know a lot of people use ar- tifical sweeteners, but I don't use alternative much of anything-no, I think granulated sugar is the best choice. We're all very health-con- scious these days-but mostly about cholesterol and sodium. I think every- thing in moderation truly is okay and it's all right to have a little sugar sometimes. Substitutes don't taste the same; there can be a funny aftertaste. In my opinion, it's just not quite the same. Pink Lemonade I like berries-strawberries are terrific-and, by puree- ing raspberries or strawber- ries, you get the effect of making pink lemonade. I would hate to guess how pink lemonade is made in commercial form because I've never seen pink lem- ons. But you could, I sup- pose, add a little grenadine syrup-and pur€ed red fruits would certainly do it. It would make the lemonade a very pretty blush color. The American Drink The French have citron presse and it's not quite the same. First of all, it's very bit- ter. And Italy has something also-again not quite the same as American lemon- ade, the way that nothing's quite the same as American fried chicken. For a hot summer night, I think of grilled chicken, grilled ribs, or grilled leg of lamb;` platters of sliced to- matoes, and corn on the cob. To me that's a superb summer meal. It is very American, and somehow in the hot summer that's what I always feel like eating. Also, seafood is great. Poached lobster in the sum- mer is wonderful, but I eat much more lightly in the summer. There are specific tastes like lemonade that bring out all kinds of nice, homey, old-fashioned feelings and make you think of-oh, I don't know-the Fourth of July, let's call it that. ED N

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PM_NOTEBOOK n order to find out more about the readers of Philip Morris Magazine, we decided to conduct one of the largest surveys ever taken by a mag- azine of its readers. More than 400,000 of our readers took the time to fill out our 59-question survey, which was included in the winter issue. The world-famous Roper Organization has tabulated the results. They prove what we al- ready knew: the readers of Philip Morris Magazine are a cut above the average American. By the standards of income, education, consumption, and commu- nity involvement, they're a special group of men and women. As the Roper analysis puts it: "The poll respondents are better educated, more politi- cally and socially active, and have higher family in- comes than do American adults in general." In the following pages we present a portrait-in words, in numbers, and in pictures-of ourselves: the men and women all across the United States who read Philip Morris Magazine. "I like to listen to classical music. Once in a while I attend concerts. l also like watching baseball and football." 1.1lf31HO M/E ARE ~ , ~ e have slightly more female than male read- ers: Q. What is your sex? Male 46.7% Female 53.3% Two-thirds of our readers are married: 0. What Is your marital status? A. Single 19.0 B. Married 66.1 C. Separated 2.1 D. Divorced 12.8 Our readers are fairly evenly spread over the main age groups: Q. What is your age? A. 21-29 10.6 B. 30-39 20.2 C. 40-49 20.5 D. 50-59 20.9 E. 60-69 20.3 F. 70-79 6.9 G. 80 or more .6 An unusually high number of our readers have reported doing postgraduate work or receiving a postgraduate de- gree. We're a highly edu- cated bunch of folks! 0. What was the last grade you completed? A. Grade school or less 2.2 B. Some high school 10.5 C. High school graduate 36.2 D. Some college 28.6 E. College graduate 12.0 F. Some postgraduate 4.9 G. Postgraduate degree 5.6 Most of our readers (40.7%) live in a two-person house- hold. Almost 70% of us live in single-family homes. Only 17 % live alone. About 21 % of us live in cit- ies. Mainly, we're suburban- c \\\~11 PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1988 2%0t/^j.36t;

ites (34.6%) or live in small towns (28%). Most of us (43.9%) are employed full time. About 11016 are self-employed. And a little over 22% have retired from the workforce. Eight percent of us are home- makers. And 3.4% of us are currently unemployed- What kind of work do we do? Here's the breakdown: Q. What type of work do you (did you) usually do? A. Professional/executive'_ 24.7 B. White collar/nonclerical 11.0 C. White collar/clerical 16.4 D. Blue collar/industrial 13.2 E. Blue collar/service 12.6 F. Student .9 G. Homemaker 7.3 H. Other 13.9 Although we are truly a na- tional magazine, we have the most readers (33.7%) in the Northeast, and the fewest (8%) in the Southwest. Mid- westerners represent 27.9% of our readers; Southerners 21.4%; and Far Westerners. 9%. As our circulation con- tinues to expand, we expect to have more readers in every region of the country. 0 n his analysis of our survey, "What Philip Morris Maga- zine Readers Are Like," Roper Or- ganization president Burns W. Roper writes: "There are several ways of looking at the results to the Philip Morris Magazine reader survey. To me the most interesting analysis in- volves comparing the Philip Morris Magazine reader results to similar results ob- tained from surveys of the en- tire adult American public. While we don't have compa- rable results for all the ques- tions asked in the Philip Mor- ris Magazine poll, we do have enough comparative results to make a number of interest- ing comparisons." These comparisions are most striking in the areas dealing with leisure activities and consumption patterns. As Mr. Roper puts it, here the differences between the PMM reader and the average American adult place the PMM reader "a cut above the adult American public- a definite cut above." MOVERS AND SHAKERS Q. Have you done any of the All Smokers following activities in the last 12 months? (Please mark as respondents only A. many as apply) Signed a petition 45.5% 37.6% B. Attended a public meeting on 25.1 23.1 C. town or school affairs Written your congressman or 27.9 29.3 D. senator Attended a political rally or 8.2 8.5 E. speech Served as an officer of some club 21.9 24.5 F. or organization Served on a committee 23.3 26.1 G. Written a letter to the paper 10.7 12.0 H. Made a speech 9.6 10.8 I. Worked for a political party 5.6 6.1 J. Been a member of some group for 4.0 4.5 K. better government Written an article 5.5 6.2 L. Held or run for political office 1.4 1.5 M. No-none of these 28.0 32.0 N. Don't know/no answer 2.2 2.5 BORN TO RUN According to the PMM survey, 184 of our readers who are 60 years of age or older took their last vacation by motorcycle! $1 trillion istoomuch financialpower ~ to iglore. ~ PMM began running these ads in consumer and trade publications throughout the country June 28, when the results of the survey were announced in New York City. PHILIP MORRfS MAGAZINFSUMMER I9AA 23 f

The "cut above" quality of PMM readers shows up dramatically in terms of things owned. Higher percentages of our readers own cars (95%) than the American public. (And more of us bought our last car new-59% compared to 49%.) Some of the other differ- ences are equally dramatic. PMM American respondents public Own a 77% 59% microwave oven Have a 96 93 color TV Have a VCR 63 57 invest 26 13 in money market funds Invest 18 8 in mutual funds Invest 32 20 in CDs HaveIRAs 33 15 Have a Visa 51 37 credit card Have a 42 26 Mastercard Have a 21 9 Discover card G. Engage in hobbies 34.3 H. Attend to business-relatetl matters 5.8 I. Relax with my family 36.9 We're impressed to know that 73 % of our readers have been to the movies within the last month! But we're even more impressed that 29.8% have visited a museum or art gallery during that same time. Almost 24% of our readers attended a concerr and 21 % went to the theater, opera, or ballet during the last 30 days. With all this social and cul- tural activity, it isn't surpris- ing that PMM readers eat out. A lot! Q. How often do you eat dinnefaut at a restaurant? A. Less than once a month 19.6 B. Once a month 1~1.7 C. Two or three times a month 26.3 D. Once a week 18.3 E. More than once a week 18.2 F. Never 2.9 Don't leave 14 11 home without By far our favorite cuisine is American American (by 83.8% to be Express exact). Second favorite? Ital- (55.5%). Chinese is in ' Here s a look at some per- i~1'm probably sonal consumption by PMM third place (45.3%), and Mexican is fourth (34.1 %). something of a readers who are smokers: It's interesting that the . 90.9 own a color TV orkahol~a smokers amon our readers w , ON_ TH! ltOAp ike most Americans, PMM readers love cars. And 83.2% of them love their American-made cars. One-car house- holds account for 32.4% of our readers. Two- car households represent 42.4%. A little over 20% of our readers have three or more cars. Less than .5 % of our readers are car-less. We like our cars Ameri- can-made, and we like them new: 60.1 % were bought new. Our readers clearly like to travel. A total of 27.1 % took business trips in the U.S. within the last year; 3% went abroad on business. The USA is the place to vacation according to 7 3% of our readers. (Among our smoking readers, a whop- ping 79.1 % took a vacation in the USA.) And 16.5% of PMM readers saw the sights in foreign lands. The family car is still the main means of vacation transportation (52%), but at least 36.6% of us flew to our vacation destinations. "' 64.4 own two or more color TVs g he ma'ori of PMM J ~ are more adventurous in more than 1 10.6 own a compact disc (CD) *hPir tao-P fnr fnnrl than rmir readers (51.9%) get ni player "" —, :— e," -- _ e_ -_ 1 /1 most of their news ~. ~  tii.a~.r. 98.8 own a stereo ~ v - e Here s what from newspapers- smoker avera g .1 want to do a 21.4 own a personal computer ,A p mp,n and they read local 45 5% ). . good job. Of course, the good life isn't L newspapers ( t ~- TV news is the d d o you m~ts What kind of foo Q. ownin t b d g measure jus y not just things. PMM readers put enjoy? (Please mark no more ifian main source of information 'be sveeessfvl: their spare time to excellent three) for 42.6% of us. use: It's interesting to note When I do a job All Smokers that, although 45.5% of us 0. In general, how do you most respondents oNy rely on newspapers for most in a way that like to spend your free time? of our news, only 21 % of us I'm satisfied (Please mark no more than three) A. American 83.8 79.1 name them as our most with I consider A. Read 55.0 B. . Italian Chinese 55.5 45.3 51 56.2 ,2 trusted source of informa- i B. Watch TV 62.7 D. French tion. TV news is trusted the 2 13.1 most (61%) and distrusted C. Shop 14.4 Continental 10 that as bein . g D. Work around the house 37.1 E. Japanese 6.2 8.0 the least (29.1 ~). svccessful: " E. Exercise 9.0 F. Cajun 7.7 9.9 Among the major net- F. Attend cultural or sports G. Indian 1.2 1.6 work news shows, CBS is events 11.4 H. Mexican 34.1 44.0 bot and least ' 24 PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1988 VS,7

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Pl~ NOTEBOOK trusted: Trust most Trust least CBS 12.4 10.3 ABC 9.5 2.8 NBC 9.6 2.3 As far as anchormen are con- cerned, it was a dead heat: have seesawed over the p ist several months, putting first one network, then another on top in the nightly news sweepstakes. We're not sure what it means, but among smokers only, the results were a little 0. Who, in your opinion, is the more decisive: fairest and most competent net work news anchorman? Tom Brokaw (NBC) A. Tom Brokaw 33.8 Peter Jennings (ABC) Dan Rather (CBS) NBC ( ) B. Peter Jennings 33.2 (ABC) C. Dan Rather 33.0 (CBS) These figures reflect the na- tional Nielsen ratings, which "I like to spend time with my family on weekends; I don't get much time with them during the week. In wintertime I like to knit. I also like to read." 26.8 36.7 36.5 ost PMM read- ers are smokers: 73.2%. The vast ma- jority of smok- ers enjoy it: 95.5%. Only 4.5% said they just light up as a matter of habit. Again, the vast majority of smokers prefer cigarettes (96.8%), while 6.3% smoke pipes and 7.2% smoke cigars. Ninety-five percent con- sider themselves to be cour- teous smokers. Nobody bothered 60.5 % of our smoking readers last month. But 39.5 % of them were asked to refrain from smoking. The result? Most obliged: 59.3 % . A consider- able number (26.2%) con- tinued to smoke but moved away from the person who complained. Some 14.5 % continued to smoke despite the request. It's no surprise that peo- ple enjoy smoking every- where: Q. Where are you likely to smoke? A. At home 96.1 B. In the office 43.6 C. On social occasions 76.3 D. In restaurants 80.6 E. In other public places 67.7 The question of a stated workplace smoking policy seems split down the middle: 43.3 3b of our readers' em- ployers have smoking poli- cies, and 48.8% don't. Of the workplaces that have a stated smoking policy, a disturbing 47.2% formu- lated it without any employee involvement. In 22.9% of the workplaces, both smokers and non-smokers were in- volved in setting the policy. In 5% of the workplaces, only the non-smokers were involved. Undoubtedly reflecting the percentage of our non-smoking readers, 7.3 % said they are in favor of a total smoking ban in workplaces, restau- rants, and other public pJaoPS. It's interesting that 53.2% said they were in favor of des- ignated smoking and non- smoking sections in restau- rants, workplaces, and other public places. And 39.5% thought cour- tesy should be the only guide; they said they were in favor of no formal restrictions on smoking. Almost exactly half of our respondents said that the to- bacco companies should ac- tivcly support policies pro- viding for designated smoking and non-smoking areas in restaurants, hotels, workplaces, and other public places. Fully 24.9% thought that the tobacco companies should actively oppose all I LIGHT MY FIRE Q, Do you smoke after sex? All respondents A. Yes 53.0% B. No 32.6 C. No longer have sex 14.4 26 PfMiP MORRIS MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1968 smoking restrictions (except those related to fire safety). It may seem surprising that almost a quarter (25.6%) said that the tobacco companies should take no po- sition on the question of workplace smoking policies. This can probably be attrib- uted to the large number of readers who rely on courtesy and common sense to solve all disputes. . Y~_Y1. WHar WE -~~- BELIEVE • n the area of civic and community involve- ments, PMM readers are once again a defi- nite cut above the na- tional average. As Burns W. Roper i . I

1 reports: "Those who qual- ify by reason of their activi- ties as `political/social ac- tives'-the shakers and movers in the community- are twice as high in the Philip Morris Magazine reader sur- vey (20 ok ) as in the general public (10 % ) . The percentage is higherfor nearly every actinity that serves to qualio people as politicaUsocial actives. Four- teen percent of the Ameri- can adult public reports having written a congress- man or senator in the past year; 27% of Philip Morris Magazine readers have done so. Two percent of Ameri- can adults have written an article in the past 12 months; 5% of Philip Morris Magazine readers have done so. The pattern is similar for IN ONE DAY In the past 24 hours . . . . . . . + 61/2 million smokers used a credit/charge card + 8 million smokers went to a full service restaurant + over 19 million smokers went out to eat +over 181/2 million smokers had an alcoholic beverage + 13 million smokers drank a beer +81/2 million smokers drank a cola beverage for breakfast +over 31 million smokers ate beef + nearly 24 million smokers ate potato chips, pretzels, or some other salty snack Source: Smoker interviews conducted by The Roper Organization, Inc. during February 1988 other activities. Only 36% of Philip Morris Magazine readers report having done none of the qualifying ac- tivities versus 50% of the adult American public." We're the movers. We're the shakers. We're regis- tered to vote (at least 88.9% of us are). We make things happen. In our communi- ties. And in our nation. 0. Are you a registered: A. Democrat 42.2 B. Republican 29.5 C.Independent 12.9 D. Not registered 13.8 E. Other 1.6 Most of our readers-smok- ers and non-smokers alike- pretty much characterize themselves as moderately conservative middle of the roaders. Q. Would you generally describe yourself as: A. Very conservative 8.8 B. Moderately conservative 32.9 C. Middle of the road 35.2 D. Moderately liberal 18.5 E. Very liberal 4.6 How our readers' views trans- late into policy was probed by two questions. Three quar- ters of all our readers (and nine-tenths of our readers who smoke) would prefer (all other things being equal) a presidential candidate who advocated lower taxes on cig- arettes. Almost 90% of all our readers (and almost 100% of our readers who smoke) would favor a presi- dential candidate who advo- cated leaving smoking issues up to individual businesses. Q. All other things being equal be- tween two potential presidential candidates, would you prefer the one who advocated: A. Higher taxes on cigarettes 23.9 B. Lower taxes on cigarettes 76.1 A. Government-imposed - smoking bans and restrictions 10.3 B. Leaving smoking issues up to independent businesses 89.7 Forty-one percent of our readers believe that common sense and courtesy are enough to deal with the issue of smoking, and that no rules on smoking should be im- posed by either government or business. In fact, 17.5% of all our readers (and 18.6% of our readers who smoke) believe that laws are needed now to protect the rights of a smoker to smoke and to be free from discrimination because of smoking at work. Another third of our Philip Morris Magazine readers be- lieve that private businesses should be trusted to develop smoking policies that best suit the needs of their em- ployees and customers (33.3%). 0. Which one of the following statements most closely resembles your own views? A. The government should pass and en- force smoking restric- tion laws 8.2* "I've worked with the Community Action Agency for 20 years, and now 1'm the Hamblen County Coordinator. I'm a listener, a doer, a facilitator, a negotiator. I have a master's degree in public health. I like to help people. 1'm the same person every day: if you meet me today, yov'11 know who I am tomorrow." PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1988 27

i My husband and I camp a lot. We each have a quad -a fovr-wheeier motorcycle- and four or five couples go up to the mountains once a month, ride our quads and camp. B. Private businesses should be trusted to develop smoking poli- cies that best suit the needs of their employ- ees and customers 33.3 C. Common sense and courtesy are enough to deal with the issue, no rules on smoking should be imposed by government or busi- ness 41.0 D. Laws are now needed to protect the rights of a smoker to smoke and be free of discrim- ination at work 17.5 *But only 1.9% of smokers. We asked our readers which of a list of current issues were the most important to them-and the answers were clear. Reducing the deficit 18 PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1988 headed the list with 47%. Close behind were improv- ing law and order (43 %), im- proving the quality of educa- tion (40%) and reducing unemployment (39%). Preserving the ecology was most important to 23.7 % of our readers. Ensuring a strong national defense was of foremost concern to 21.5%. Curbing drug abuse fig- ured first with 13.6 % and dealing with the problem of AIDS was first with 13 %. In another question about the most significant events of the last two decades, however, the AIDS epidemic was listed a close second (49%) after the Vietnam War (55%). 0. Which of the following issues are most important to you person- ally? A. Reducing the federal budget deficit 47.8 B. Improving law and order 43.4 C. Improving the quality of education 40.7 D. Ensuring a strong national defense 21.5 E. Preserving the ecology 23.7 F. Promoting America's international economic strength 17.7 G. Reducing unemployment 39.2 H. Preserving/increasing funding for social programs 4.1 I. Controlling inflation 11.6 J. Curbing drug abuse 13.6 K. Fostering traditional standards of morality 4.1 L. Dealing with the problems of AIDS 13.0 M. Reducing the threat of nuclear war 11.0 0. What are the most significant public events in your life in the last twenty years? A. Vietnam 57.5 B. Woodstock 5.0 C. Neil Armstrong on the moon 38.0 D. Watergate 30.6 E. Presidential election of Ronald Reagan 26.2 F. Death of John Lennon 7.0 G. Election of Pope John Paul II 9.2 H. AIDS epidemic 51.2 I. Stock Market Dive of 1987 26.3 IT'S ALL A MATTER OF TRUST... Q. In general, what media do you trust the most? Qty % A. (Please mark one) National newspapers . 32,032 8.2 B. Local newspapers 87,003 22.3 C. News magazines 14,654 3.8 D. CBS News 48,378 12.4 E. ABC News 37,210 9.5 F. NBC News 37,439 9.6 G. Cable News Network 36,243 9.3 H. McNeil/Lehrer News Hour (PBS) 16,186 4.1 I. Local TY news 63,419 16.2 J. Local radio news 17,820 4.6 Q. A. In general, what media do you trust the least? (Please mark one) National newspapers 32,110 9.3 B. Local newspapers 102,435 29.8 C. News magazines 64,790 18.8 D. CBS News 35,275 10.3 E. ABC News 9,644 2.8 F. NBC News 8,038 2.3 G. Cable News Network 10,445 3.0 H. McNeil/Lehrer News Hour (PBS) 5,772 1.7 I. LocaITV news 30,955 9.0 J, Local radio news 44,705 13.0 1'm just proud of the way I can have control of my life: being single, owning my own place, having good friends, liking my job, and having a dog who's crazy about me. Our readers indicate a guarded optimism about America's future. About 45% say they're optimistic (44.9%), and only 11 % are pessimistic. But 44.1 % say they're uncertain. Regarding their own per- sonal future, the figures are more upbeat. More than two-thirds of our readers (67.9%) are optimistic about their personal future. And only 3.8% say they're pessi- mistic. But 28.3 % are uncer- tain. It's interesting that such doubts linger in a time of peace and comparative pros- perity. The meaning of all these percentages and figures will be fleshed out on the na- tional canvas in the Novem- ber elections. ED 2060021371. 1

CIPOLLONE JURY DECISION: ITS MEANING AND ITS IMPACT fter four months of sworn testimony, hun- dreds of hours of legal argument and more than five days of ex- hausting deliberations, a federal jury exonerated Philip Morris of all liability in the death of Rose Cipol- lone, a New Jersey housewife. , The jury rejected the Ci- pollone lawyers' claims that the tobacco companies had engaged in a conspiracy to conceal material facts about smoking and health. The jury also found no merit in charges that the tobacco in- dustry was guilty of fraud and misrepresentation. Although the jury awarded $400,000 in dam- ages against The Liggett Q Group on narrow technical g grounds, it found against 8 the plaintiffs on every one of W their principal charges. Q The Cipollone case was dif- > ferent from other such cases because the Cipol- lone attorneys claimed that the tobacco in- dustry had engaged in a 30- year conspiracy to keep the facts on smoking from the public. They subpoenaed thousands of documents from Philip Morris, The Liggett Group and Lorillard and spent four years and over $2 million dollars pre- paring their case. Philip Morris Magazine spoke with Murray Bring, Senior Vice President and General Counsel of Philip Morris Companies Inc., about the meaning of the Cipollone case. PMM: Was the verdict a victory? BRING: Absolutely. Philip Morris was com- pletely exonerated. It should be noted that victory for a tobacco company in a product liability lawsuit is not an unusual occur- rence. It is the pany documents that were presented totally out of con- text, and, therefore, gener- ated much of the publicity that has been associated with the case. PMM: Did the jury find any basis for the conspiracy charges in the thousands of industry documents that were presented? BRING: None at all. In fact, any fair-minded per- son would have to conclude from these documents that Philip Morris and the other tobacco companies have made extraordinary efforts to investigate the alleged health risks connected with smoking. The American to- bacco industry has spent millions of dollars funding independent research and making the results of that re- search known. the appeal. Most important is that by finding Mrs. Cipollone 80 percent responsible, the jury sent a strong message that smoking is not an "ad- diction" but a freely made personal choice. PMM: Following Cipol- lone, can the tobacco indus- try expect an increase in product liability lawsuits? BRING: Speculation about the future is tricky, but I don't think the flood- gates will open. You have to remember that plaintiffs' lawyers don't get involved in these cases out of charity. They get involved because they are looking for large awards. The Cipollone law- yers spent almost five years and over $2 million in bringing this case to trial. The $400,000 verdict was a very small piece of the very large pie they were seeking and it will not come close to reim- "If this case sets a precedent, it can only be a plus for Philip Morris." rule. Almost 200 lawsuits have been brought in the last five and a half years and the cigarette manufacturers have not lost a case nor have they paid a penny to settle one. PMM: What made the Cipollone case different? BRING: The plaintiff tried to prove that the ciga- rette manufacturers had conspired to mislead the public about the alleged risks associated with ciga- rette smoking. This charge related to the period prior to 1966, because since 1966 warning notices have been printed on every cigarette pack. The plaintiff intro- duced into evidence a large number of internal com- PMM: Does the jury award of damages against The Liggett Group represent a setback for the industry? BRING: No. Keep in mind that the jury assigned Rose Cipollone 80 percent responsibility in this case. That reinforces what we have been saying for years: smoking is a matter of indi- vidual choice and personal responsibility. The jury made no award whatever to Rose Cipollone because un- der New Jersey law, the jury would have had to have found Liggett more than 50 percent responsible. The $400,000 award to Mr. Ci- pollone is inconsistent with the jury's findings and that is likely to be a factor during bursing them. In fact, it is far from certain the verdict against Liggett will survive the appeal process. PMM: The anti-smoking forces are calling this case the first "crack in the dam". Do you think this case will set a precedent? BRING: I hope it does. Because the message of this verdict is perfectly clear: the jury exonerated the industry N as a whole and Philip Morris ~ in particular. Editors' Note: An informa- ~ tion packet released to the press is available to any ~ PMM reader who sends a written request to: Philip W Morris Magazine, 120 Park ~ Ave., New York, NY 10017. re: Cipollone Documents. PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1988 29

KEEP IN TOUCH LETM TO PM MAGAZINE Thank you so much for sending PMM to me. Now I have someone to gripe to about injustices to smokers. Recently I heard that a bill was passed banning all smoking on flights of 90 minutes or less. I am a nervous traveler; how- ever, I like to visit my sons in Rhode Island and Missouri. The thought of making the flight "smokeless" is very in- timidating. I have decided that after the bill goes into ef- fect, I will be taking the train or staying home. Don't tell me to contact my senators-they don't smoke and are very unsympathetic. Where can I turn to have my rights as a smoker protected? Alice Pickhardt Westland, MI Editor's Note: Thanks to citizen support, smokers' rights groups are springing up all over the country. One group is working hard to counter the ban on smoking during flights of two hours or less: the Committee for Airline Passengers' Rights. Contact: David Gold- farb, chairman of the NewJersey chapter, 576 Central Avenue, East Orange, NJ 07018. • After reading the Winter 1988 issue, I felt compelled to sit down and write. Never before has a magazine catered to my thoughts on a subject as you do. It's great to know there are other smokers out there and to learn that their opinions for the most part parallel mine. Keep PMM com- ing, as there are too few bright spots like it in this life. The only drawback is that it comes only four times a year! David Ana'erson Clifion, TX • I enjoyed Bryan Henry's "Coast-to-Coast" article [Win- ter 1988] on little-known facts about the United States. I was a little skeptical regarding his statement that "25 states are farther north than southern Canada." I checked it out and, to my surprise, found 27 states that meet this criterion. The southern tip of Canada's Pe- lee Island in Lake Erie extends to approximate latitude 41 ° 50' N. In addition to the most obvious cases, Califor- nia, Nevada, Utah, Indiana, and Illinois have land areas farther north than this point. David A. Wesley Milford; CT Editor's Note: PMM author Bryan Henry replies, "My facts were obviously not as well-researched as they should have been. Fif- teen states wereyielded from the Louisiana Purchas4. Iowa and Oklahoma should have been included. Texas and New Mexico should also have been mentioned, because parts of them were created out of this territory. " The editors thank reader David A. Wesley for his research on our northern states, and Charles J Reim for his corrections on the Louisiana Purchase. We also appreciate Lenora Seary's letter informing us that Rhode Island, not Vermont, was thefirst state to ban slavery in 1774. Please remove my name from your mailing list. I do not care to receive your shamelessly self-rationaliz- ing propaganda. Your magazine serves no purpose other than to comfort your own conscience and to further blind any readers to the reality of their ridiculous habit. Throughout your editorial you equate the "right to smoke" with the right to life, liberty, and happiness. A little far-fetched, don't you think? Regulations that pro- vide for the rights of the majority do not threaten your own constitutional rights. Rather, they protect the consti- tutional rights of us all-our rights to clean air, health, and life. These regulations would be unnecessary if not for the lack of courtesy and disregard for others' health that so many militant smokers display. Unfortunately, your magazine chooses to foster this at- titude of ignorance rather than promote cooperation and understanding. Too bad. Bet you won't print this one! Bill McClain California & Washington Co. Burlingame, CA Editor's Note: We'reQleased to have this opportunity to printyour letter-and to addressyour concerns about "majority " rights. For over 200 years, this country has been a haven for those seeking hu- man rights and freedom of choice-regardless of whether their in- formed choices reflect minority or majority views. Philip Morris Magazine does not condone the behavior of "militant " smokers- or non-smokers-who try to impose their beliefs and behavioral pat- terns on others. We believe that all people should treat each other ; with courtesy, common sense, and consideration. • I live in Seattle, Washington, which has a new smoking law pending. I would like to know more about how to voice my opinion on the subject and perhaps join any or- ganization against fanatic, self-righteous non-smokers. So far I have contacted my district representatives, the ACLU (which told me nothing), and the Seattle City At- torney. If there are other ways, please let me know. Also, what can be done about job discrimination and smoking? I have worked at a company for two years that, has had virtually no smoking restrictions. Recently a new employee (a non-smoker) has taken it upon himself to in,'- stigate a no smoking policy. The management doesn't care one way or the other, except this non-smoking em- ' ployee threatens to bring a lawsuit. It is difficult to do a good job when you are on the outside (for all to view), as a smoker. Carol Davis Seattle, WA Editor's Note: The Tobacco Institute, an industry organi.zation, continues to examine carefully the issue of smokers' rights. We sug• gest that you and others concerned about this issue write to Susan M. Stuntz, Vice President, Issues Management, The Tobacco In- stitute, 1875 I Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. 20006. JO PF71LIPdl~RRLSMAGA7JNEJSLI)JMFJ2 }988

TKE LIBERATOR OF BULGARIA ou will walk a long way through a lot of T small-town cemeteries before you find an in- Y cription as unlikely s the one that's on a ra ve in New Lexing- ton, Ohio: MACGAHXN, LIBERATOR OF BUL- GARIA. Who? Liberator of what? And if MacGahan liberated Bulgaria, what's he doing in Maplewood Cemetery? The library isn't much help. Barbara James, the editor of the Perry County Tribune, has a book about MacGahan, Tfu Liberator of Bulgaria, but nobody in town can read it; it is writ- ten in Bulgarian. And unlikeliest of all, there are Bulgarian dancers in the streets of this little southern Ohio county seat. It's a Bulgarian-American festival. I put the key ques- tion to editor Barbara James. ~ ~ a KURALT: Are there any ~ Bulgarian-Americans that ~ you know of in this whole ~ county? Y BARBARA JAMES: In ~ this whole county, I don't ~ know of a single one. a And tell me, Mayor Otis ~ Huffman: ~ ~ KURALT: Are there any ~ Bulgarian-Americans in Toledo to honor one of the more amazing and least known heroes of history. Januarius Aloysius MacGahan, son of a Perry County farmer, got restless back in the 1860s, as farm boys will, and went off to Europe with the notion of becoming a dashing and gallant foreign correspon- dent. He certainly suc- ceeded in that. He wit- nessed the fall of the Paris Commune. He was pur- twice and twice escaped. And then in 1876-and here we come to the danc- ing in the streets of New Lexington, Ohio-in 1876, MacGahan went off to Bul- garia. His reports to the London Daily News about Turkish atrocities against the innocent Bulgarians outraged Queen Victoria, galvanized Europe, and forced the reluctant Czar of Russia to send armies across the Danube to free the Bulgarians from the Turks. Januarius Aloysius MacGahan, riding along, found throngs of Bulgarians kissing his boots and throw- ing flowers in his path. A Buckeye farm boy had changed the map of the Bal- kans. MAYOR HUFFMAN: These Bulgarians tell me that any town of any size over there has a monument in their square honoring MacGahan. A Bulgarian scholar named Vatralsky came to New Lexington in 1900 to lay a wreath and make a speech. He said: "Bulgaria and Ohio will never forget Januarius Aloysius MacGa- han." And BuIgaria didn't, apparently. But Ohio did. Today New Lexington is trying to make up for all those years of neglecting the town's most illustrious na- tive son. The plain people of Perry County have in- vited costumed strangers to come to town and are giv- ing them a plain Perry County welcome even if the visitors don't know quite what to make of it. After a procession to the cemetery, the local folks lis- tened respectfully to a prayer for MacGahan, even though they couldn't un- derstand a word of it. Some kids from town sang "Amazing Grace." "I once was lost, but nc I'm found"-the words o that old American hymn were just right for the day when the amazing hero of Bulgaria, the farm boy- journalist-liberator, Janu- arius Aloysius MacGahan, became what he always should have been, an Ohio hero, too. El ~ Perry County? sued by Cossacks a thou- MAYOR MAYOR OTIS HUFF- sand miles across the desert MAN: Not that I know of. of Central Asia. He covered N ~ the Carlist revolution in s Then what's going on here? Spain, and sailed with an ° Well, the dancers have expedition to the Arctic, I come from Pittsburgh and was sentenced to death BY CHARLES KURALT ILLUSTRATION BY DAVID MARTIN ! { PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZINE/SEIMMER t9Bb 31

im © ® •- ! ,.- • i . Lw,~,k,~-s .e - . .a:. -7 .. 0 © 0 ® ® on 0 ® © ® ® :+4 ® 0 0 0 w . . s ~a• ty. •~ " 1i 04W ® © ~ `0~v am- • ,. - ;_- .- •~ ' r': ® From California to Illinois to Arkaesas, outrigger canoeing is making waves. he waves were run- ning 15 feet high in the Molokai Channel, and the last thing Les- lie Davis saw was a wall of water breaking over the fragile canoe. Up to that point, the women's team from Newport Beach, Califor- nia's Offshore Outrigger Canoe Club had been zing ing right along up and down the rolling, roiling swells. In fact, a real upset was in the making in the annual 42- mile inter-island competi- tion that is the Kentucky Derby-World Series-Super- bowl of open ocean outrig- ger canoe racing. Offshore was way out in front with a seven-minute lead over the favored Hawaiian women's team. "It was so rough that when you tried to call out BY FRANK 6ANNON PHOTOS sr MIcMAEI A. sAWrw

signals, you got a mouthful of water. The waves were breaking in our laps," re- calls JoJo Toeppner, who was in the Offshore canoe that day. Flipping over is always a risk in the long, thin ca- • Stroke Leslie Davis, "The flave Driver with a fmile " noes-which is partly why the "ama," as the outrigger contraption is known in Ha- waiian, was invented-to increase stability. "It was wild," Leslie says. "We were hit by a freaky wave and flipped up into the air, with the ama still on the wa- ter. It was like going up in an elevator. Up, over, and out. It still makes my stom- ach tighten just to think about it." The team did a textbook- perfect recovery. "But the current was carrying the paddles in the direction of Tahiti. We knew we had lost," says Mindy Clark. Four years later, the Off- shore team once again had a comfortable lead in the Mo- lokai-Oahu race. "It was so tense you could hear a pin drop," Leslie recalls. "Even though the ocean was much calmer, we weren't taking anything for granted. Only after we'd rounded Diamond Head and passed the buoy did we i m ; -i--se i u0 trigger paddling is a great sport," says Bob Woods, the designated Klass Klown of the Kalifor- nia Outrigger Associa- tion's Offshore men's team. "You pay $30 dues and they let you paddle every day. They give you two free weekends every summer." Beneath the macho joking ban- ter that accompanies everything from the simplest activity to the most heartfelt statement, (espe- cfally the most heartfelt state- ment), you can actually feel the level of intensity the guys bring to their demanding sport. They have a good time-hell, - ' s they have a great time-but it serious business. "Paddling is an endurance sport," says Carl Toeppner. "Paddling is pain every day. It starts hard and it ends hard. If you're doing It right, every stroke is tiring." Okay, it sounds masochistic. But to its devotees, paddling is the perfect balance between the camaraderie of a team sport and the inner satisfaction of an indi- vidual sport. When you're in the boat you not only have to give your personal best-you have to function as part of a finely-honed six-man op- eration. Anything less than the maximum on either level at every moment and you've let yourself and your team down. Jerry Guy had been out of the Los Angeles Police Academy for three weeks when he lost his left leg after it was crushed during a car chase. Jerry went to school and got a master's degree in re- habilitation counseling. On a va- cation to Hawaii in 1982, he saw some outriggers and thought, "I could do that." Paddling, which puts the emphasis on upper-body strength, is a great leveler. As Jerry says, "Out there in the boat, with nothing but your trunks on, everybody is equal." Now he works as a rehab coun- selor and as associate director of a chronic pain unit. Last year he was named Most Inspiring Paddler at the California State Championships. He welcomes iri.gi.g Nh• eawoe baek ho- •. • re.. Miller the award for the recognition it pays to handicapped people. "But to me," he shrugs, "it's no big deal. I just want to participate and pull my weight." Bob Woods remembers his first paddle. ''A girl in an aerobics class said I would be good at it, so I tried it. She quit. I stayed." A graphic artist and draftsman who grew up landlocked in Oklahoma, he sits at a desk all day. ''If I'm going to live at the beach, I'm not going to spend my free time sit- ting around some bar in Santa Ana all night. Besides, you should see the luaus at the end of each race, " he says. 20600213'T7 34 PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZINE 'SUMMER 1988

t ~ .~ Steersman Leo Dixon's 18- year-old daughter was on the women's team and invited him to attend a practice. "I said, 'That looks like fun-can I have a ride?' " Now he arranges his schedule at his construction company so that he can attend the practices. Craig Bluell has been an urban planner for the City of Newport Beach for 17 years. He grew up around the lakes of northern Wis- _ consin. "Since I was eight years old, I've rowed, paddled, or pulled something," he says. Craig and his wife have a family tradition of kayaking on the open "in the boat, with nothing but your trunks on, everybody is eqval:' ucean every Christmas day. Craig smiles as he recalls the time a linebacker from the L.A. Rams attended one of Offshore's practices. "This guy had mus- cles on his muscles, but he was used to explosive bursts of power. Paddling is an endurance sport, and he was ready to hit the showers after our warm-up. He couldn't believe we still had a two-hour workout to do." When everyone is in sync and the force is with your boat, there's nothing like it in the world. "You're running with the waves," Craig says, "and 1500 pounds of men and boat is being carried far faster than you could ever go yourself. You're out there watching the sun on the hills, and the whales are swimming along- side you. If you haven't felt it, you can't imagine it. It feels like that music from Victory at Sea. " PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZINE'SUMME.R t988 35

II •Th• O#sbore we.•a's tear ware.s •p ow the beach before hitting tbe water. start to go crazy. From there, even if we'd been flipped, we could have pushed the canoe to shore." Today, with three Molo- kai wins to their credit, Off- shore is the undisputed main- land women's champion. Leslie Davis is the team's stroke. Tall, striking, glow- ingly healthy, with a mane of shining, black hair, she remembers the first time she went for a paddle: "It was homriblc. Everyone hurt before and during practice, and they were grumpy after it." Fortunately, something made her try again. This time she went for an evening workout, and the experience was very different. "The ocean was a slate blue, there was a rosy sunset, and the boats were bright orange. The contrast of colors was ravishing. We flew through the water. It was so exhila- rating-an incredible physi- cal experience and visually unreal. Just a magical night " Outrigger canoes were in- vented in Polynesia to carry warriors to battle and fisher- men to their fields. In Ha- waii, they were made from the wood of the koa trees that used to cover the is- lands. (Today only about one koa tree per three acres remains, and most shells are made of fiberglass. ) Ameri- can servicemen were intro- duced to outrigger racing in Hawaii during World War II, and brought it back home with them. By the late 1950s, racing clubs were starting up in California. Never given to half meas- ures, Leslie became presi- dent of KOA (the Kalifornia Outriggers Association uses a"k" instead of a "c" in homage to the Hawaiian koa tree). Today KOA in- cludes 17 men's and wom- en's teams with several hundred members. • L•sli• aad ioie. The team's swiwsuits are by Its sponsor and wamesake, Offsbere of California clothing company. When Leslie became KOA's president, the wom- en's races were much shorter than the men's. "We would sprint for only two miles," she says dis- dainfully. She changed that. Under her leadership KOA decided that men's and women's races should be of equal length. The season lasts half a year-from the beginning of April until the Molokai- Oahu race in October. That means daily paddles: 6-8 and currents, and know the ability of her team. "My teammates call me 'The Slave Driver with a Smile,' " says Leslie, smiling. The second seat, who can only glimpse the top of the stroke's arm, must match the stroke's pace and set the example for the two paddlers on her side. The third, fourth, and fifth are the "power seats," where the strongest paddlers are placed. The sixth seat is the steersman. Her first job miles during the week and 10-15 miles on weekends. That's in addition to the daily running and weight- lifting workouts needed to build and maintain strength. There are six seats in an outrigger canoe. The first seat is the stroke. She must set the pace, judge the swells 36 PHII.LPMORRIS MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1988 is to keep the canoe going straight; she uses her paddle as a rudder for steering. She also calls the regular changes when the women shift paddling from one side to the other (usually every 13-18 strokes) with a hearty "Hut, hike, ho!" She shouts imprecations and en- couragements, and bolsters the morale of the team. One of the Offshore paddlers is a petite but pow- erful, pretty blonde Cali- fornian named JoJo Toeppner. She is a superb athlete who will have to miss Offshore's big races this year if she qualifies (as she did in '80 and '84) for the flat water kayak event in the Seoul Olympics. While getting ready for the Olympic trials, she has become a sports gypsy, trav- eling to wherever coaching and the weather make for the best training. She loves to compete- and she loves to win. But this Cal State Fullerton grad has kept her perspective. "I'm a real California girl," she protests. "I grew up sailing and swimming and playing in the surf. But I know I've become warped when it seems like a treat to sleep in until 7 a.m. on Sun- day morning. I can't wait until I can have a normal summer. I want to do some graduate work in communi- cations, to work around the house, to have time with my husband Carl. I can't wait for the time when I can stay up past eleven!" 11

A lot of kids in gangs don't want to be. Kenny Wheeler helps them get out and stay out. merican heroes come in all shapes and sizes. Some perform high profile, headline-grab- bing feats; others go about their work quietly, rarely gaining public notice. Kenny Wheeler, 29, is one of the latter. He's a street gang coun- selor in South Central Los Angeles, one of the most murderous neighborhoods in the United States. Every night, he patrols the dan- gerous streets of the L.A. ghettos, trying to talk kids out of killing each other- trying to convince them that there is a better life. "There is hope," he says. "If I didn't think so, I'd be nuts to be doing what I'm doing." The gang problem in Los Angeles is monstrous, and it's getting worse. Last year alone, the City of Angels counted 387 gang-related deaths; half of them were innocent bystanders who literally got caught in the crossfire. Kenny Wheeler is BY JIM CALIO PHOTOGRAPH BY DAVID HUME KENNERLY one of a handful of youth counselors who work for the nonprofit Community Youth Gang Services, a joint city and county anti- gang program. He isn't a cop. He is un- armed, except for his street smarts, his unthreatening beige windbreaker, his courage, and his conviction that gang murders can be stopped. He and his part- ner, Jerry Anthony, patrol the streets in an unmarked car, with a two-way radio telling them where trouble is brewing. Kenny himself has been shot, and he doesn't mini- mize the risks of being out on the streets. "It's danger- ous, but there's a job to be done out there," he says. "My family tells me to quit all the time. I was in the middle of a gang dispute at a playground once. I was trying to cool things off when one of the gang mem- bers opened fire with a shotgun. The blast got me in the chin. It was enough to keep me on the ground for a while." PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZINE/SUMME3t 1986 37 /

Kenny VVheeler comes to this work by way of East L.A., itself one of the toughest neighborhoods in the city. He is one of five children. He remembers seeing a man killed in front of his housing project when he was only five. Later, his best friend was shot to death by a local gang. "There were gangs all around when I was a kid, but I had a strong family. Sure, there was peer pres- sure to join, but I overcame it. In high school I dressed like a gang member, I walked like a gang member, and I talked like a gang member. But I never actu- ally joined a gang. Just be- cause you look, talk, and walk like one doesn't mean you are one. It doesn't mean you're a gang mem- ber here"-Kenny taps his forehead-"or here"- Kenny points to his heart. In high school Kenny had a teacher who was also his coach. "He always looked out for me. Maybe he saw something," Kenny says, smiling at the mem- ory. "I remember once when I ditched school with some other guys, he called home. My parents came out and found me and brought me home with them. The other guys laughed for a week-but now some of them are junk- ies or in jail. It was worth the week that they humili- ated and teased me." 1 At age 18, he was run- ning a teen counseling cen- ter, "because kids seemed to like to talk to me." After a few years spent as a cor- rections officer, he joined Community Gang Services, where he is now the night supervisor. "One of my first times out," he recalls, "I was driving with a woman who was training me. She would just plow right in-go right up to the gang members and start talking to them. I thought she was crazy. But they seemed to know her and respect her, and pretty soon I would get out of the car because she did. So what could I do? I married her." Today, Latanya Wheeler is the day supervisor for First there were the Bloods, who wore red. Then there was a rival gang named the Brims. Finally there were the Crips, the mortal enemies of the Bloods, who wore blue. The name Crips probably came from the original gang members' habit of walking with canes. That's the story, but who knows? Only one thing is sure: They're killing each other and anyone else who gets in their way. The gangs wear uni- forms, and have all sorts of elaborate rituals and codes. The usual outfit is khaki pants, a red or blue sweat- shirt, depending on whether you're a Blood or a Crip, and hightops. JS,.. The gangs are like the military-some people are in for only a few years, some are iifers." the Community Gang Serv- ices; she and Kenny have a six-year-old son. L.A.'s gang problem started in the early 1970s, long before drug sales en- tered the scene and made the gangs even more mur- derous. Gang membership seemed to provide social identity and a sense of disci- pline for some kids from L.A.'s ghettos and barrios. There's more: Gang members communicate with fancy hand signals. And in conversation, a Blood will never use the let- ter "c" because they hate the Crips so much. So they often speak in a weird kind of pidgin English. Like- wise, the Crips disdain the letter "b" The huge profits from selling drugs have compli- 3i PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1988 cated the gang problem enormously. As Kenny says, "A lot of these kids in gangs don't want to be there. Still, if everyone else on the block is in a gang, you join too. It's peer pres- sure. It's also financial. These kids just don't have any money at home. The gang is the way to do it." Kenny goes on to ex- plain, "If a kid sees a gang member making a couple of thousand dollars a week, sometimes more, selling drugs, it's kind of hard to convince him he should be working at McDonald's for minimum wage. On the other hand, we offer these kids their lives-the other way, they'll end up dead, in prison, or strung out. "It's like a big puddle in Los Angeles," Kenny says, sketching a big circle with his hands. "And the police and the others are trying to dry up the puddle. But above that puddle is a big orange that's dripping and dripping. You can't dry up the puddle, so you've got to get to the kids before they get into that puddle." He says, "It's the young kids I'm most worried about. There are two kinds. I call them the 'wannabees' -they think they want to be in a gang. Then there are the `gonnabees'.They're going to be in a gang, they're hard-core, and they're about 12 or 13. Last year I got 60 members out i

of gangs. If you can get them out by 18, they'll be okay. It's like the military: Some guys go in for a few years and they get out. Oth- ers stay in all their lives. There's a guy in one of the gangs who's 87. Eighy-seoen. No kidding. They just think of him as one of the boys." Kenny's method is to talk to kids before they start fighting. "If they're talk- ing," he says, "they don't want to fight. You've got to give them a way to save face and walk away without kill- ing each other." Kenny Wheeler's victo- ries may seem small in,, number, but they're signifi- cant. "It gives me a lot of satisfaction. I've gotten kids jobs, and they're no longer in gangs. Once I heard a kid I was counsel- ing singing in an arcade. I said, 'You've got a great voice. Why don't you do something with it?' He did, and about a year ago he cut his first rap record." Kenny has gotten jobs for other kids, too. One works with the maintenance de- partment in Pasadena. Others have city jobs, all over. "You see the big po- lice sweeps, but you don't see all the work we do. The kids get to know us. They get to trust us. A kid might call up and say, 'Listen, man, we've got a problem down here. Why don't you come down and talk to us?' So we do. You don't see z FALSE COLORS Kenny tried to get the studio to withdraw the film Colors, starring Robert Duvall and Sean Penn (above). "It stinks," he saps, and fears its unrealistic excesses will provoke oven worse violence this summer. that in the news. That gives me a lot of satisfaction, when a kid calls and says he wants to talk or he wants a job and I'm able to help him." Kenny Wheeler and Jerry Anthony are starting out on their daily four-to- midnight patrol. Kenny drives slowly, looking down the side streets and alleys. He's wary and alert even though nobody seems to be around. "You don't see anybody now," he says, his eyes scouring an intersec- tion, "but when it gets dark, look out. It's a battle- field. The gangs cruise up and down looking for drive- bys: they'1l just drive by and shoot someone stand- ing in a store or sitting in a car. But right now they're home, kicking back with the homeboys, getting loaded, telling stories to each other to get their heart up. They're pressing their pants, getting ready." As the sun begins to set and the shadows of the palm trees lengthen, you can feel the tension begin to build in the car. "The way to kill a gang is to kill their recruitment," Kenny says. "There are 900 gangs in South Central. You've got to stop the re- cruitment in the school, on the playground, in the home. "A lot of parents don't even know their kids are in gangs. We had one mother call us and say she thought maybe her kid was on drugs. Would we come over? We searched the house and found 27 auto- matic weapons, some of them hidden in the couch. She had no idea her kid was involved in gangs. He was only 17. " Kenny Wheeler works the mean streets. He sees a lot of crap, and he sees a lot of sorrow. He's nobody's fool; that's why and how he survives. He knows a lot of young people will die before the killing stops. But Kenny Wheeler is a man with a dream. He thinks about the good kids who deserve better. He thinks about his wife. And he thinks about his own son. Maybe his son and all the other six-year-olds will have a chance, because Kenny Wheeler goes out each night and puts his life on the line for them and for the things he believes in. Typi- cally, he understates it. Stubbing out his cigarette, still scanning the darkening streets, he says, "We're just trying to work our- selves out of a job. "I haven't had a vaca- tion in two years, but I'm not complaining," he says. "We're going to win this war against the gangs. It's like the FBI against the mob and all the criminals years ago. The criminals had all the guns; no one thought the FBI would win, but they did. There's hope down here. That's why I'm here." 11 PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1988 39 cia I

u>•'!5 ~-A.~ ~~ . 1 ~ 1

Bill Garrett was concerned about our eroding beaches. So he puttered around in his garagE unti( he came up with a solution. ill Garrett walks into the garage of his Wilmington, Delaware home, rummages through the clutter in the back, and comes up with some long strips of plastic. "This is it, " he says, holding the stuff up for inspection. "This is Seascape." It may also be the answer to many a shore dwell- er's prayer. Back in 1980, when Garrett, now 63, was working as a marketing specialist for Du Pont, he was also developing a patent for artificial sea- weed. The idea was to drop the plastic strips, which are anchored to a hollow, sand-filled tube, into about six feet of water off a rapidly eroding beach. If all went well, the plastic seaweed would act like a snow fence. It would slow down the wave velocity, and sand particles would drop out, eventually building up a sand bar that would stop further beach erosion. Garrett had no way of knowing if it would work until one day in 1981 when he read about the imminent demise of the famous Cape Hatteras Lighthouse in North Carolina. That 100-year-old warning beacon for Atlantic seamen DY JAMEB DAY r

Bill Garrett's assistants prepare to drop units of Seascape (five feet long and forcrfict high) onto the ocean floor. The synthetic seaweed saved the erosion- endangeted Gape Hatteras Lighthouse. was about to tumble into the ocean, a victim of massive beach erosion. Garrett made a few calls and finally got through to the National Park Service. But when he offered to install Sea- scape for free, he ran into a brick wall. "It must have been unusual for someone to offer to do something for nothing. They asked me to submit a performance report," he says. With pressure from North Carolina Senator Jesse Helms, Garrett was able to cut through the bureaucracy and install 450 clumps of Seascape. Nine months later, the results were re- markable. The beach had grown by 250 feet and had communities that allow too much beachfront building, and pollution of the nation's coastal waters. The solutions that have been tried are usually very expensive. Several years ago the Army Corps of Engineers pumped sand onto the M'iami beach at a cost of $64 million, or about $6 million per mile. Attempts to stem the tide of erosion by building jetties and groins at right angles to the beach have mostly failed. Garrett's Seascape is unique in that it attempts to work with nature-not against it-by duplicating a natural process. It's also the cheapest solution so far, costing approximately $50 a foot as opposed to literally "The government doesn't like the idea of some kook sticking his finger in the dike to solve the problem." risen by five, a sure sign that the erosion had not only been checked, but was actually being reversed. Beach erosion is eating away at both coasts of the United States and, until now, nothing has been able to stop it, re- sulting in the loss of oceanfront footage and millions of dol- lars in property. The reasons are many: Natural processes hastened by a rise in the world's oceans, poor planning by millions spent by government agencies. Needless to say, the government bureaucracy has been less than impressed. "They really don't like the idea of some kook sticking his finger in the dike to solve the problem, " says Garrett. "It's too damn simple. Someone once told me that if I doubled or tripled my price, they'd pay attention. " But others are catching on. Garrett has installed Sea- 42 PH3LIP MORRfS MAGAZINE/SUMMEft t9BB

t,A t _ 'k.'`^~ .~'j 7--~.,-. :.* flbove, clusters of Seascape rmitli their vertically rising fronds provide shelter for young fish from predators. Bill Garrett (beloso, riglit) supervises the installation of Seascape. scape at Fire Island, New York; Long Beach, Califor- nia; Nag's Head, North Carolina; and Barbados in the Caribbean. He is cur- rently negotiating to put it in off the coast of Nigeria. The instructions are sim- ple: Install the fronds in six to seven feet of water, re- plenish them as needed, and watch the beach grow. Gar- rett says that it doesn't al- ways work, especially in in- land waterways where there isn't a big sand content, but the results so far have been remarkable enough. "It's using nature to battle na- ture," says Hugh Morton, head of the Save the Lighthouse Committee in Cape Hatteras, "and that's why I like it." And lest anyone think that Seascape has gone big time, consider this: Garrett, who has since retired from Du Pont, runs the whole operation out of his house in Wilmington. It's a cottage industry in the truest sense. When work began at Cape Hatteras, the Seascape units were dropped into the water by divers on surfboards. The water was so cold that Garrett and his wife fired up big vats of hot water on the beach to keep the surfers from freezing to death. To- day he uses rubber rafts. But from small begin nings come big ideas. Gai rett is the first to admit tha Seascape may not be th only solution to shore ero sion-"Pumping up a beach or building a bulkhead i sometimes necessary"-but for now his invention is th( simplest and most effective. "So far," he says, beaming ir the back of his garage, "we're pleased as punch." 0 N

r Read these license plates for a lesson in... AN'TUNNECjdC1DTi" ~ IIN:N~ ~ : R' ~Gfl- '.STOWT+tOM :ST„4T•E •^ ALASKr" PPui °' THE FIRST STAT DUR „ DELAWAR .. IDtIHO. *•199o I IDERSOh1ALI TRA ike Wilkins grew up in Durham, North Car- olina. He was a philosophy major at Stan- ford-so it seemed natural that he would move to New York as leader of a rock group called The M.B.A.s (their album was titled Born to Run Things). Philosopher, writer, humorist, and newlywed, Mike is now working to establish him- self as a conceptual artist in San Francisco. He began the License Plate Project as a way to celebrate the 200th birthday of the U.S. Constitution. Mike wrote the preamble in "license platease" and then began contacting the Departments of Motor Ve- hicles of the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Most DMVs were cooperative. When the plate he wanted was already registered to an actual motorist, or when a state regulation forbade the particular com- bination of numbers and letters he wanted, Mike ad- justed his outline accordingly. After eight months, the project was complete. On the Fourth of July, Mike's License Plate Pro- ject was presented to the Smithsonian's National Mu- seum of American Art-as a gift of the Nissan Motor Corporation. BY MIKE WILKINS PHOTOGRAPH BY STEVE UNDERWOOD LICENSE PLATE PROJECT MOUNTED WITH THE HELP OF PERRY VASDUEZ - P1VVwV2iVV t , 44 PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZiNE/SUMMER 1988 0 LIVE FREE OR m.prece c,ex~m =MZ ~SELVS ~ xoRxs nARC3rt, ® , ® .. Vermont •.. U NI iv Li Read the license plates from left to right: OLOUISIA ~ NEW ~'`"HAMP cc

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m OHIO m R.POS m ARIZaNA OF TH GtSAN6 CANYDN STAIE (kt Cap" c;itym ***R A ~WrtsfriKgtas~, D.G'm @ MAINE It Kwkr,b~ri V=mvacat(onland mm f'aNE:EH aERSEY0 ILE T M . ,.. ~ 3Glli2DEN;STATE.~ I 19 m ®87 THIS / Y. 4;~11' l~ 1889•1989 ~' ~lY vy *.,!NOlANA - JULy ~ MO b PRO MOT ~SHQYI-MES'ATE.~ m TER.!T~ m NGS 0 ~,New/Me.Ysico® OTilimessee CON STI --.® volunteer State II7 I.QWA N SURE 19 mGEORGIAm 83 fEC UNE m ~ mMassachusette ® , IDE 4 ¢~ Wr.Jj9»,e7i-m ~ TEXAS T 2 IQ " KANSAS ' L WE You ve Got aFrieal in DANE N „Pennsylvania,, ', MIGHIGAN TH c~$ mFirst.:irf~Flightt T2R eRTti C/~ROLR£' "~ 4 TE~ (~GRfJTEST S2MW ON EARfHO t LISH m Land ei tinceln slag ,,,CC}LORAD HAWAII "We the People of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, ensure Domestic Tranquility, provide for the common Defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish 'his CONSTITUTION for the United States of America," ~

C E I F, B R A T I N G E thel Roy vividly re- members the bitter blizzard of 1978 when she moved her large family into a small house in Deca- tur, Michigan, and found 90-year-old Nina Parish living in the other half. Mrs. Roy's heart is as big as her smile, and she unofficially adopted Mrs. Par- ish. "I figured she came with the house," she says, smiling. Nina Parish was born on February 23, 1887. Her father died when she was still a baby. Her mother was a mid- wife, and was fre- quently away from home, so Nina was brought up by her grandfather and other relatives. In 1902 she married a man 20 years her senior. She had the first of her three children when she was just 16. The marriage was man was having no success calming his little girl, and Nina said, "Let me try." It was her own daughter, and after this chance encounter at the fair grounds, she was A M E R I C Y E A R - 0 L D S Nina needs a hearing aid these days, but she still goes to church every Sunday. She loves to watch ball games and soap operas on TV. She reads love stories, and her great-great-grand- children send her books by her favor- ite authors, Zane Gray and Agatha Christie. Last year Nina went to the hospital for some tests. The nurse came out looking for a baby, because the com- puter could register only the last two dig- its of Nina's birth- year, 1887. How does she ex- plain her 101 years? "Well, I think I was just too sinful to die," she says laughing. "The Lord didn't know what to do with me. " She follows no special diet, al- though she has al- ways been partial to vegetables of all kinds. She took the occasional drink, A very extended family: (standing, from 1. to r.) Ethel Roy (60), Anne Marie Par- ish (Mrs. Roy's granddaughter, 16), Thomas Dillon (Mrs. Roy's brother-in-law, 58). (Sitting from 1. to r.) Artie Roy (Mrs. Roy's husband, 66), Nina Parish (101, holding a picture of her grandparents in a clock case), Bertie White (Mrs. Roy's mother, 91). difficult, and when she found she was pregnant with her third child, Nina moved in with her cousin in another county. She earned money by working in the celery fields and doing housekeep- ing. Finally it was just too much, and she was forced to seek official help. She was devastated when her two daughters were given to fos- ter homes. She soon had her third child, another daugh- ter-and she adopted her 16-month-old nephew. Nina's eyes still flash and her hands work fast when - she tells about the hot sum- mer afternoon when she took her daughter and adopted son to a carnival. She heard a child crying, and followed the sound. A 1 0 0 - came a midwife, as her mother had. "I was de- liverin' hundreds of Deca- tur babies," she says, proudly. She also adopted several foreign infants the "1've never flown in a plane- 1'd like to try that." able to visit the child regu- larly. (She was finally re- united with her other daughter several years ago, when the "little girl" was 80 years old!) Two happy marriages fol- lowed the first unlucky one. For a time Nina and her third husband worked in a state hospital. She even be- county authorities put into her care. Nina Parish will be 102 years old next February. There are six generations of Parishes spread out all across the country. On her hundredth birthday, more than 100 friends and rela- tives came to Decatur to pay her honor. INTERVIEW BY C.R. SMITH PHOTOGRAPH BY MICHAEL MARIENTHOL 46 PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZINE'SUMMER 1988 .~ and she smoked for many years. "In those days we rolled our own," she says, but she remembers sending packages of her favorite brand, Bull Durham, to her nephew while he was serv- ing in World War II. "I've lived through five American wars,'' Nina states. Four come to mind, but the fifth? "The Spainish- American War," explains Nina patiently. "You know, I've never flown in a plane, and I'd like to try that," she says. "But I've had a wonderful life, and I've been so lucky," she says, mentioning the whole new family life she has found with Ethel Roy. "I don't think I'd want it any other way!" El 2060U21391 A

k HOW TO BE A SPORT WITHOUT LOOKING LIKE A JOCK. JUST ORDER YOUR VERY OWN VIRGINIA SLIMS SPORT SHIRT. Leave the rough-and-tumble look to the boys with the Virginia Slims Sport Shirt. It's authentic in rugby design, but created to fit a woman's active life. Made exclusively for Virginia Slims by J.G. Hook, this ivory sport shirt is a 100% cotton French knit. The pocket is trimmed with our embroidered patch, and the oversized fit makes it extra comfy. The sport shirt is yours for only $25.00. ~ I'm game for leading the sporting lifei7n ~ Virginia Slims style. ~ Fill out this order form and indicate number of ~ sport shirts. Each shirt is $25.00` Or, with two carton ~ I UPC's (bar codes) from anyvarieryofvrginia Slims, you get the special discount price of $21.00* ~ I Enclose order form and check or money order, pay- I able to SlimsWear' (no cash please), in an I envelope and mail to: Virginia Slims, P.O. Box I 411028, Chicago, IL 60641. Phil I Mail my sport shirt(s) to: I I Name I I city I I State Zip I I Indicate Size: SD MD LC] I Number of Sport Shirts- at $25 each $ I Subtract UPC Discount if applicable I ( $4.OO per sport shirt) ($ $ Total ChecWMoney Order I'AI taxes and shipping included By acceptmg this offer, you ( certify that you are a smoker, 21 years of age or older. Offer good I in USA onfy Vo d where proh bited, licensed or taxed. Please mail ~ as soon as poss ble Offer good unt l February 28, 1989 or while I supplies last Allow 6-8 weeks for delrvery Guarantee, If any I~ product does not meet your full expectatons, just return it to us , w th n 30 days and we'II send you a prompt refund or exchange. Lights: 8 mg "tar;' 0.6 mg nicotine-100's: 14 mg "tar;' 0.9 W_-~ IUBy- : av per cigarette, FTC Report Feb.'85. 120's:14 mg "tar;' 1.0 mg_ : 11~ Ultra Lights: 6 mg "tar:' 0.5 mg nicotine av. per cigarette by FTC method. SURGEON GENERAL'S WARNING: Smoking Causes Lung Cancer, Heart Disease, Emphysema, And May Complicate Pregnancy. ®

Let's not beat around the bush. Flavor is what Merit's all about. Real, satisfying flavor. Take-a-puff, rewarding, down-to-your-toes flavor. It's what you love about smoking. It's what you g9t from Merit. And because of Enriched Flavor,TM' Merit delivers all this taste with even less tar than other leading lights. If that sounds like your kind of cigarette, just say the word. Enriched Flavoi;' low tar. AA solution with Merit. SURGEON GENERAL'S WARNING: Smoking By Pregnant Women May Result in Fetal Injury, Premature Birth, And Low Birth Weight. ® Philip Morris Inc. 1988 2 Kings: 8 mg "tar;' 0.6 mg nicotine ave per cigarette by FTC method. PHILIP MORRIS MAGAZINE P.O. Box C-32081 BULK RATE Richmood, VA 23286-8733 U.S. POSTAGE PAID GMF SOUTHERN MD. PERMIT NO.5291

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