Tobacco Documents Online

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(ISp) RaLe..Srsmfk tni•d de Nada.l L.~. d d.tdllrY! r11ir. D.wiqa.as Sm5 f.yea.. E'ia•apd sr1r. Ar. N.Y. Ad. td. sn:wa . NAC.73ian. w a r. os91)) Gws. -Ies. • nak baa. a.V..4.sY v.i~ , Pe..V+..+ .dr. An. J. hiii H.Y n19-02. ..QitJmL EA. a d. Q9511 Ra.V La ia 6s: 9ar d i. N~ Z.W/ oa. 4rY dr. N.2 M1 J. t04M The courts protect children from ETS Even prior to the release of the EPA Report, courts in Illinois, Louisiana, Michigan, Missouri, New York, Penn- sylvania, Tennessee, and Texas have all considered the harmful effects of sec- ondhand tobacco smoke on children. With new evidence about the extent of the dangers now available in an official government report, several trends al- ready underway are likely to accelente. ETS AS CUSTODY ISSUE With the change from 'fauli to 'no- fault' divorce laws, judges no longer are able to simply apply mechanical rules and award custody to the party found not to be at fault. Similarly, the movement towards sexual equality means that judges can no longer assume that a mother is always a better care provider than a father, and fathers are increasingly seeking custody. Therefore, more judges are facing situations in which two parents, both apparently equally qualified and with- out any'black marks' such as problems with illegal drugs or alcohol, are each seeking custody. In such cases, the danger of exposing the child to ETS is more likely to be a factor in making the determination. Several courts have now ruled that it is a relevant factor which may be raised by the parties and considered. At least one court has gone further, stating that the health risk posed by secondhand smoke in the home was a factor that 'must be considered, as would alcohol consumption for exam- ple, when viewing the suitability of a household environment in which a child is to be placed' Satalino v. Satalino, No. 11440-86, Nassau County, NY 10/10/90. COURT ORDERS In addition to denying or limiting visitation rights based upon the concern about ETS, judges are also growing increasingly willing to issue court or- ders prohibiting exposing the child to tobacco smoke. This is true even where a statme does not authorize the 'The controversy over whether smokers damage the health of peo- ple they live with has found its way into child custody cases - and that's bad news for smokers.' Marcus, 'Parent's Smoking Be- comes Issue in Child Custody Cases,' Wall Street Journal, 10/18/90 'Parents who smoke in front of their children may get burned in child custody and visitation dis- putes.' Dumas, 'Smoking Could Become Custody Battle Weapon,' laroyns WK.Efy, 6/24/91 'The Trial Judge found t}ut the failure of the mother and gtand- mother to discontinue smoking when recommended by the rltild's physician was strong eviden« of a lack of proper concern for the wel- fare of the child. A belated cessa- tion of smoking might evidence a desire for the custody of the child rather than concern for the welfare of the child• M'rtchell v. Mkchell, 1991 WL 63674 (Tenn.App., 1991). issuance of such ordets. See Roofeh v. Roofeb, 525 N.Y.S.2d 765 (Nassau Cry, 1988). LOSS OF CUSTODY In extreme cases, custody may be lost over the issue of smoking. In 1989 in Denton, MD, a judge placed a three- yearold girl with severe asthma in a foster home when her parents contin- ued to smoke around her. In the Mitchell case noted above, custody was denied to a mother who had previously smoked in the presence of her child, even though she bad subse- quently stopped. For assistance in raising these issues in legal proceedings, please have your lawyer contact ASH's attorneys. This i. a epaid 's.e of the ASN S.iaq wd NrGi Reua. (ISSN 1CN6907X7/. Copytithmd by Aaion on Smoking and Hdth (ASH), 2013 H St. NW. w>5b., DC 2000f, (202) i594)10. ASH is a utiood aapmftt, racanwpt oq.oiraioo oance55ad .ith the pmbl®a of Saoit* aad SLe tSghn of soo9makac ASH u.uitdy appond by Sad.6stible mot,iMniooa, and equLr mxribamn >ed.e the A4i Re9ua Prieood poniom of de dSN Rei. ,ary be rcprimed vith cadit to ASH.