Philip Morris
United States Senate Transcript of Proceedings Committee on Commerce Subcommittee for Consumers Hearing on S. 1454
Fields
- Author
- Baker, H.H., J.R.
- Banzhaf, J.F. III
- Cook, M.W.
- Cooper, J.S.
- Edwards, C.C.
- Furst, A.
- Hutt, P.B.
- Moss, F.E.
- Mouhtouris, C.J.
- Okun, R.
- Stevens
- Thurmond, S.
- Wilson, B.B.
- Wynder, E.L.
- Banzhaf, J.F. III
- Area
- LEGAL DEPT/CARLSTADT
- Type
- TRAN, TRANSCRIPT
- Site
- N28
- Master ID
- 2015045951/6246
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- Named Organization
- Ash, Action on Smoking & Health
- British Royal College of Physicians
- Bureau of Consumer Protection
- Cedars Sinai Medical Center
- Cincinnati Inquirer
- College of Surgeons
- Columbia Univ
- Comm on Commerce
- Comm on Interstate + Foreign Commerce
- Comm on Ways + Means
- Conference for Tobacco Research
- Conference of Tobacco Research
- Conference Tobacco Research Advisory Boa
- Congressional Record
- Ctr, Council for Tobacco Research
- FDA, Food and Drug Administration
- Federal Aviation Administration
- Federal Communications Commission
- Federal Register
- Finance Comm
- Fortune Magazine
- Ftc, Federal Trade Commission
- Ga Georgopulo
- Gatlingburg Conference Inhalation Carcin
- Hew, Dept of Health Education and Welfare
- Inst of Chemical Biol
- Interagency Cigarette Liaison Comm
- Interagency Conference
- Internal Revenue Service
- Johns Hopkins
- Joint Comm on Internal Revenue Taxation
- Journal of Analytical Chemistry
- Journal of Science
- Journal of the American Medical Assn
- La State Univ
- Legislative Action on Smoking + Health
- Little Cigar Council
- Lor, Lorillard
- Memorial Hospital
- Natl Assn of Broadcasters
- Natl Commission on Product Safety
- Natl Football League
- Natl Inst of Mental Health
- NCI, Natl Cancer Inst
- New Republic
- NIH, Natl Inst of Health
- Oppenheimer
- Oxford
- RJR, R.J.Reynolds
- Science
- Sgc, Surgeon General's (Advisory) Comm
- Ski, Sloan-Kettering Inst
- Smithsonian Inst
- Special Grants Comm
- Stanford Univ
- Stephano Brothers
- Subcomm for Consumers
- TI, Tobacco Inst
- Tobacco Journal
- Tobacco Reporter
- Tobacco Tax Branch
- Treas, Dept of the Treasury
- Twg, Tobacco Working Group
- Univ of Ca Irvine
- Univ of Ca Los Angeles
- Univ of Ky
- Univ of San Francisco
- US Congress
- US Dept of Justice
- US House
- US Senate
- US Supreme Court
- US Tobacco
- Usda, U.S. Dept of Agriculture
- Usdc Dc
- Veterans Administration
- Veterans Administration Hospital
- Washington Univ St Louis
- Western Pharmacology Society
- Who, World Health Org
- Advocates
- Aec Symposium
- Ahf, American Health Foundation
- Alcohol Tobacco + Firearms Division
- Ama Scientific Advisory Board
- Amed, American Medical Association
- American Academy of Clinical Toxicology
- American Assn for Cancer Research
- American Cancer Society
- American Health Found Env Carcinogenesis
- American Med Assn Educational Research F
- Antitrust Division
- British Royal College of Physicians
- Named Person
- Anderson, J.
- Auerbach
- Baker, H.H., J.R.
- Banzhaf, J.F. III
- Burns
- Carnegie
- Cobi, A.
- Cobie, A.
- Cook, M.W.
- Cooper, J.S.
- Curlin, W.P.
- Delaney
- Duval, M.J.
- Edwards
- Edwards, C.C.
- Einstein
- Ellenbroke
- Epstein, H.
- Furst, A.
- Gelboin, H.
- Gori, G.
- Harris, O.
- Hartke
- Harvey, J.
- Hockett
- Hoffman, D.
- Horn
- Hutt, P.B.
- Kornegay, H.
- Larick
- Magnuson
- Maxwell, J.C., J.R.
- Mills, W.
- Moss, F.E.
- Mouhtouris, C.J.
- Neuberger
- Okun, R.
- Passy
- Perkins, C.D.
- Pitofsky, R.
- Richardson
- Roberts
- Royan
- Snyder, M.G.
- Sommers
- Steinfeld, J.
- Stevens
- Stewart, W.H.
- Sunderman
- Surgeon General
- Thurmond, S.
- Vandenberg
- Webster
- Whiteside, T.
- Wilson, B.B.
- Wynder, E.L.
- Xxdavid
- Holtzman, A.
- Auerbach
- Author (Organization)
- Ahf, American Health Foundation
- Antitrust Division
- Ash, Action on Smoking & Health
- Cedars Sinai Medical Center
- Comm on Commerce
- FDA, Food and Drug Administration
- Inst of Chemical Biol
- Little Cigar Council
- Subcomm for Consumers
- Univ of San Francisco
- US Dept of Justice
- US Senate
- Antitrust Division
- Characteristic
- MARG, MARGINALIA
- PARE, PARENT
- Litigation
- Txag/Produced
- Date Loaded
- 24 May 1999
- Brand
- Marlboro
- Salem
- Springtime
- Winston
- Salem
- UCSF Legacy ID
- upv61f00
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A staff report of thc .;ational Cor..nission on Product
Safety datedJuno 10701 estir.:ated that in 1967 a nur:her of
caile:'ren und1er 15 ;,ao died of acLidents clearly involvi:IS tol=s
:;as not 15,0010 but was 72.
S'ena'tor :1oas. does that have to do with the
hearing ;,7e havc toc'!ah on ci,arettcs?
Senator Coo':. I!I-aa to do e:.actly with this: i^e have
he=n ;iven facts and firur-s on stu'dics that :!:e have
J../.U;~ wCGll .1+~_l .~.a l
a'ttc1..~`^tc;, .a to ~ .~ wcf,tE ' t~/~ ~;eJ _ ~~ G~lf,1 logical researc'1',
and :-e have ue: n told ~S' taat t:;ere is a lot of criticism
c,~Jout tt2o6v 1"cr',or ta, so t;:'Cy really do not have any value.
Pr. Stc:::<.t. .^,'a:.'S ~:.,:'t h E, c (;r.n:^3 i']'ith'.::._^'f' conclU:~io:"1.3
Of.C::..^::(?r 9 Of t.:Ic rC~~rJI1 :=cncral~ i rtorliulY' ~7 Lj.:J iir1°:: i1
after a onc-d'ay : erinar of' peonle who agreecl' with the Ssrgcon
G--r.,:!ral ` s position who ~acre h1roucrht into ,7aschington to ;yrito
taut c:':ia~ ter, and at the end of it they had to ' put arr asteris:.
c0.:.11itt:: ,
and Say this ~4«3 not the u.Zani.:.ous c,lcreeMCnt of t he
so::.a disagreed. 2015045961
Senator i'oss. ::oca, how ridi'culous can you bc? ":cdicul
-ei tr.u;;scs t;ho ::avc `.;ccn' studl1'ing the subjicc t for years have
a!rcddv ;:r.'.tt.^.n t;i^_l:r c:3ts on it and t}iov are Lrnuc- rlt ir,to
a room whcro t:::.- aring :': ~ ttl t'.le:"l all t}:C' stttCG icz tlw j' have
.;:..C:G ailCG sit down and t];:v to come to a con:i.^.,:13us a.*;:onG t:1C
~3o t:)nt t:zey cou3.cii iss'.ze a' rc' ~or t, ar.d I~.rould loe a:;touncled
Ac. -Federal Reporters, Inc. J' +
25 if f ~:~o'u br.ou(-.,:t in al lot of r.: c?i ca1 practil.ionc:rs and t`.:cl
jon 353
aGrecd on ever1 ab solute ::orc:. `_'ou have to come to a
2 majority consensys, and! that is what happened on it.
3 But, Senator, you have used this as a pulpit to try
4 to car..~)airn for your con ~;tituency at tiese hearings. Let's
5 get on with the hearing. Let's hear, the witnesses, and hear
6 what t.:cy have to say and not have this con stant harangue
7 arout -v,hat the su:.)ject ratt-a r is in ta].ki r.c; about toys, as
8 thour.a we were tal}.in_r, about toys today.
9 Senator Coo::. Senator , let r,:e add a fe~z things to
10 pc:o-,le who wish to look afte r their constituents under tt:oc(,
ll circuu:.s tances . I would like to have put into the record a
12 :>tat---.ent of Co:zr::esFr-.::,n .":. G. S::-: c;er ~,,:zic'., he ;-:ou1d like to
13 ` ' ~. '.zt:. ~rcent tr '~"..r an
incl~.c..d' in t: zCi~co.u, a~t r_,, or.~~~~
14 r:illiam P. Curlin from my statt;: :rhich I would like to have nut
15 ir.t}o the record, and a statement of the IIonorab,le Carl D.
16 Per::ins that he would' like to have put in the record, and all
17 of the;:i assured r,~e if tiie Cor:-mittee wishes to ask then
18 any questicna t.zey ~aill ::e deliglited to appear.
19 Senator '.:oss. Thc1 1..,411 l be includec.i in the record in
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Ace- Federal, R"orters, Inc.
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fotential r.conomic Dis-.ster
3ec :use of its obvious vested ir_terest, the tobacco in?ustry
have not mia.de much of~. r_eint,of the eff ects of restrictions
on or -orohibions of cigarettes. ::owever, made cor:Cressme.n_,
: articularly those from tob.: cco-gxo~,~i::g st~.tes, have eloquently
354
Statement of Rep. Mi. Gene Snyder before the Senate Committee
on Commerce, Subcommittee on the Consumer, February 10, 1972
Mr. Chairman, thank you for allowing me the opportunity
to present a statement for this committee today.
I come before you today with great concern. I am not
only concerned for the people involved in the tobacco indus-
try of Kentucky, but also for all of' the people of the United
States.
As I look over the punitive mea:suresthat have been taken
against tobacco over the years, I fear that the main proposal
of this new bill to reg,ulate the "tar"-nicotine content in
cigarettes, may very well be just another step toward a back
door to their total prohibition.
In the past few years, the anti-smoking advocates have
mounted a potentially disasterous propaganda campaign. A
campaign which is designed to totally annihilate one of the
oldest and most well established industries inthis country.
About three million members of tobacco farm families ~
O
earn their principal livelihood from the crop. They live ~
~
in 22 states and earn more than 1.4 billion dollars yearly
4b
C11
from the leaf. More than 100,000!workers are gainfully W
employed'in tobacco manufacturingand collect an annual
payroll of more than half-a-billion dollars. Fed'eral, state
-2-
and local governments receive five billion dollars in taxes
from the sale of tobacco products. In all, there are about
329 industries directly or indirectly involved in selling
their products to the tobacco industry, ranging from cello-
phane and advertising to transportation and'steel.
Mr. Chairman, taking all into account this adds up to
about eleven billion dollars.
This cigarette controversy -- and make note that I
employ the word controversy -- may very well be a microcosm
of one of the principles formulated as a building block
in the creation of this great nation of ours. And that
principle simply is this:
Shall we as a nation scrap the historical principle
that anybody -- an industry as well as an individual -- is
innocent until proven guilty?
, .
Shall we impose on~ the business community a cruel
and unusual assumption of guilt and force it to prove its
innocence of all charges, however irresponsible?
If this new standard is imposed~on business then we
can say good-bye to the economic system as we know it.
And for the 170,000 Kentucky farm~families as well
as the rest of the industry that would spell nothing but
devastation.
355
I think that tobacco smoking must be the most widely-
accused product on the consumer market. Tobacco has in
one way or another been linked to more ailments than I
care to even think about.
Well, Mr. Chairman, it's more than high time that
something be done to replace the malicious scare campaigns
raging on against tobacco with objective facts. It's high
time that the people of this industry not only speak up,
but that they are also listened~to.
The anti-smoking advocates have truly succumbed to
their bwest point when one newspaper editorial recently
referred to scientists who accept tobacco industry money
for smoking-health research as "tobacco industry prosti-
tutes."
The tobacco industry, in the interest of scientific
objectivity has given millions of'dollars toward an
increased campaign to find the answers to the questions
about smoking and health that remain unsolved. This
money has gone to some of the most eminent scientists and
researchers in the world -- and totally on a no-strings-
attached basis. And I tell you Mr. Chairman that it is
more than a social curse to refer to such respected
scientists as "prostitutes."
-4-
The Surgeon General of the United States has no real
scientific case against tobacco. He is basing his case on
statistical data that from a purely scientific point of
view cannot be accepted as final truth. The truth must be
made available, but it can only be obtained through dedicated
scientific research.
We are placing the lives of hundreds of thousands of
growers and their families in jeopardy. Can we do this
on the basis of statistics and emotional crusading?
Over a hundred years ago, the English writer William
Hazlitt put his finger on the problem. He said: "The
origin of all science is in the desire to know causes;
and the origin of all false science and imposture is in
the desire to accept false causes rather than none; or
which is the same thing, in the unwillingness to acknow-
ledge our own ignorance."
A statistical crusade is no way to get at scientific
truth, and I submit to you, Mr. Chairman, that the Ameri-
can people deserve better.
357
Statement of 12op~. Sdi llir:m P. Curlin, Jr., Ky.-6th
before the Senate Commcrce Cunsurier Subcommittne 2--10-72
Mr. Chairman: I appear before your committee today
to speak on behalf of the thousanc3s of farm families in
the Sixth Congressional District of Kentucky who have
suffered publi c abuse time and again v:ithout the chance
to reply. These families raise tobacco and they sell
tobacco. Thcy are riot subversives trying to unc?ermine the
health of the nation. They are not criminals spreading evil
throuoh the land.
My people are law-abi dina, God-foaring, hard-working
farm families who depend on a cash crop called tobacco
to keep them going. And tlie tobacco industry ti..,hich buys
their produce is a legitimate business thatt is just as
concernedlabout the public health an&well-being as any
person here today.
But neither the farmers nor the industry is willing
to go along with a smoke-scteen of fear in the absence of
facts.
Long before the first report on smok--'ng and health
was submitted to Congress, the tobacco industry had already
begun a multi-million dbllar research campaign on its own.
The Commonwealth of Kentucky, certainly not willing
to sacrifice the health of its people in the name of economy,
wants to find the real answers to the smoking-health question.
35U
359
But the state doesn't accept propaoanda in place of research.
No, it has chosemto impose a special five cent cigarette
tax to finance additional research.
Isn't this more to the point than mai:ing ash trays
that cough, or selli.ng ,sterlino.-silver adult pacifiers,
or clipping ti7e name of a city off television because it
also happens to: be the name of a cigarette? But whi&
side gets accusec]~ of "lh~.ciatering'' and "propagancla"?
Mr. Chairman, I believe thi& is a serious business,
worthy of a higher level of concern than that shown to datee
by the tobacco prohibitionists.
You, sir, have publicly conwnended the tobacco industry
for volunteering to proceed with~ many measures to
edocate the public concprnino the alleged hazards of
smoking.
You, sir, have advocated research, such as that being
sponsored by the industry and the state of Kentucky.
But you, sir, have also introduced a bill in the
Senate to raise the federal excise tax on cibarettes to
30 cents a package. A bill which also would phase out the
entire tobacco crop sLIpport program to be replaced by
a Commission on~ Tobacco Adjustmcnt Assistance.
I cannot agree, just as my coll_eab e, Senator Cook,
could not agree vnccn tie statccd: "At a ti.me when the United
States economy needs a].l the hell) i t can get frm om all
se,;mcnts of societ:y, it is inconceivabl.e to attempt to
destroy t]4c,to',)acco se^~~-nt in an attempt to c,loi what
Carrie Nation failed to do iin tltr ]1920's."'
? 36v
Make no mistake about the economi;c import of' tobacco
among the people of Kentucky. Sv'a have 170,000 farm families
in the state, many of them~with tobacco patches. Last year
they harvested over 380 million pounds of what many
consider the world's best varictyy of this crop, accounting
for a third of the cash receipts in Kentucky's farm income.
We had over 27,000 retail outlets liandlin-1 about
$158 million in cioarette business in last year alone.
Andi since 1936, when~ the excise tax was first applied to
cigarettes, my state has received more than 246 million
dollars in revenue. That's almost aquai:ter of a billion
dollars helping under~~.rrite probrams the state could not
have otherwise affor.ded.
But, Mr. Chairmam, you know that tobacco has a
significant economic impact. Its greatest critics know
it has a significant economic impact. But its sionificance in economics
should have no bearing,on its role in health. That is a
matter to be decided impartially and:sci.entifically, an&
I submit that the jury is still out and ils far fromi a
verdict of cond'emnation.
Tar-and-nicotine regulation would.punish the farmers
of my district without waiting for factual evidence. It
would represent yielding to hysteria instead of adhering
L)
to reason.
rir. . Chtiirman, my pee,plr~, have d'one no wrong. I ask that
no tin un;;, be clone unto them. Thank you.
