Philip Morris
President's Commission on Heart Disease, Cancer, and Stroke Progress 640615
Fields
- Type
- REPT, OTHER REPORT
- LIST, LIST
- Area
- LEGAL DEPT/CARLSTADT QRSA
- Site
- N28
- Characteristic
- MARG, MARGINALIA
- UNCO, UNCODED LIST
- Document File
- 1005099199/1005099222/1016 Report to the President 64. 50-2f
- Master ID
- 1005099199/9222
Related Documents: - Litigation
- Stmn/Produced
- Named Person
- Ackerman, S.J.
- Anderson, O.
- Andrus, E.C.
- Baker, A.B.
- Borhani, N.O.
- Brand, D.
- Carrese, L.
- Cole, C.
- Cumley, R.W.
- Day, E.
- Dempsey, E.
- Dennybrown, D.
- Diehl, H.S.
- Ellwood, P.
- Endicott, K.
- Farber, S.
- Fisher, C.M.
- Foote, E.
- Ganz, A.
- Gorman, M.
- Guthrie, E.
- Handler, P.
- Hanish, A.
- Henderson, M.
- Heyman, A.
- Hoge, V.
- Huggins, C.
- Kane, C.
- Kissick, W.L.
- Knutti, R.
- Kotin, P.
- Kowalewski
- Lee, L.E.
- Leiter, J.
- Levin, M.L.
- Liethman, H.
- Lilienfeld, A.M.
- Locksley, H.
- Lyons, C.
- Martin, L.E.
- Merritt, H.H.
- Meyer, J.
- Moore, G.E.
- Morrison, B.
- Ogden, H.G.
- Oleary, J.
- Page, I.
- Paul, O.
- Peterson, P.Q.
- Phillips, H.T.
- Powers, L.
- Putnam, J.J.
- Ravdin, I.S.
- Rosenberg, H.
- Rusk, H.A.
- Sadusk, J.
- Sahs, A.L.
- Schnaper, H.W.
- Schottenfeld, D.
- Shannon, J.
- Shear, M.J.
- Sherman, J.F.
- Shimkin, M.B.
- Shira, R.
- Siekert, R.
- Sohnson, L.B.
- Taylor, A.N.
- Troupin, J.L.
- Turner, J.D.
- Waalkes, T.P.
- Warren, S.
- West, M.
- Wilkins, R.W.
- Wright, I.
- Zamecnick, P.
- Zubrod, C.G.
- Zwick, D.
- Zworykin, V.
- Anderson, O.
- Request
- Stmn/R1-004
- Stmn/R1-037
- Stmn/R1-133
- Stmn/R1-037
- Named Organization
- Ama
- American Academy of General Practis
- American Cancer Society
- American Hospital Assn
- American Public Health Assn
- Assn of American Medical Colleges
- Ben May Lab for Cancer Research
- Boston Univ
- Bureau of Chronic Diseases
- Bureau of Medicine
- Bureau of State Services
- Cancer Chemotherapy Natl Service Ce
- Cancer Research Inst
- Cancer Subcomm
- Ca Dept of Public Health
- Cleveland Clinic
- Columbia Univ
- Commission on Heart Disease Cancer
- Commission on Environmental Medicin
- Communications Subcomm
- Comm of Medical Consultants
- Congress
- Cp Huntington Hospital
- Dept of Medical Education
- Dept of Medicine + Surgery
- Division of Chronic Diseases
- Duke Univ
- Extra Va Research Division
- Facilities Subcomm
- FDA, Food and Drug Administration
- Govt Operations Comm
- Harvard Univ
- Heart Disease Subcomm
- Heart Disease Control Branch
- Hew, Dept of Health Education and Welfare
- Hri, Health Research Inst, Roswell Park
- Johns Hopkins Univ
- John Collins Warren Laboratories
- Leukemia Society
- Manpower Subcomm
- Mayo Clinic
- Ma Dept of Public Health
- Ma General Hospital
- Medical Arts Publishing Foundation
- Memorial Hospital
- Nas, Natl Academy of Sciences
- Natl Aeronautics + Space Administra
- Natl Cancer Inst
- Natl Comm Against Mental Illness
- Natl Heart Inst
- Natl Inst of Arthritis + Metabolic
- Natl Inst of General Medical Scienc
- NCI, Natl Cancer Inst
- NIH, Natl Inst of Health
- Northwestern Univ
- Office of Program Planning
- Office of the Director
- Public Health Service
- Rca Lab
- Rehabilitation Subcomm
- Reorganization + Intl Organizations
- Research Career Section
- Research Subcomm
- Resources Analysis Branch
- Secret Service
- Sister Elizabeth Kenny Foundation
- Social Security
- State Univ of Ia
- Strang Clinic
- Stroke Subcomm
- Temple Univ
- Univ of Al
- Univ of Buffalo
- Univ of Chicago
- Univ of Ia
- Univ of Md
- Univ of Mn
- Univ of Pa
- US Senate
- Veterans Administration
- Walter Reed Army Medical Center
- Wa Univ
- American Academy of General Practis
- Date Loaded
- 05 Jun 1998
- UCSF Legacy ID
- une54e00
Document Images
^
A-recent report of the Public Health Service dates the real beginning
medical research will be staffed only as a result of a steadily expanding
pressing in the fields of heart disease, cancer and stroke.
In "NSanpower for N'.edical Research", a 1962 report issued by the
National Institutes of Health at the specific request of Congress, the
Director of the NIfi:estir.ated that we would have to double our medical
research manpower by 1970 if we are to continue the progress made during
the previous decade. The NIH report noted that "the future expansion of
reports from the Executive branch of our government, from the Congress and
from distinguished.scientific organizations such as'the National Academy
of Sciences emphasizing the point that severe shortages of research and
clinical manpower plague medical research generally, and are particularly
is less than the budget of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
for the current year.
Is medical research, then, getting an equitable share of our total
national research and development expenditures?
5. Ka.rT oW ER
Over the past decade, we have been deluged with impressively documented
for all federally supported research and development.
Put another way, this total 17-year medical research expenditure
That same report notes that all,federal medical and health-related
of our national government's effort in medical research to 1947, when
federal expenditures for medical research approximated $27 million.
research expenditures from 1947 through 1963 totaled only $5 billion, or
roughly six percent of the $80 billion made available over the same.period
,national effort, combining private and public resources, to train manpower
research effort was taking its first halting steps, the shortage of adequate
research facilities was a ma3or, if not the ma3or, obstacle to an expansion
of our research effort in the fields of heart disease, cancer and stroke.
Voluminous hearings were held by Congressional committees on this
aub3ect over a period of four years, resulting in 1956 in the passage of the
Xcalth Research Facilities Act.
and schools of the health professions?
How can we attract more young people into medical and related
scientific careers?
How adequate are our present stipend and.fellowship programs for
the training of young people in these fields?
6. FACZLITIES.
During the.period from 1945 to 1955, when our national medical
How much must we increase the training capacities of our universities
to the people?
workers who will bring as expeditiously as possible the results of research
specifically for medical research."
How are we to achieve these widely accepted manpower goals?
How adequate is our corps of professional and supporting health
Under the aegis of this legislation, the federal govern=ent has 1-A
.provided several hundredmillion dollars in matching aid over the past
. C11
eight years for both the construction of new research facilities and the
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remodeling of existing ones.
,
9:
f
s
However, this legislation has always imposed a rigid ceiling on the
amount of federal aid. Because of the present ceiling of $50 million a
year, the Congrooo, although acoply awaro of the ahortago of roocicd
institutiona of letarning; that we are negloctin;3 many small but highly
competent institutions with excellent scientific credentials, but which
do not possess the finances necessary to m--et the rigid'federal matching
requirement.
facilities, is unable to appropriate sufficient monies to have any appreciable
impact upon the present backlog of close to $200 milliion in scientifically
arrproved applications for research construction from universities, hospitals
and non-profit foundations throughout the country:
In every case, the construction application is accorapanied by detailed
assurance that the local institution will provide 50% of the total
,,.
construction money. In past years, local and private support under this
program has exceeded the federal investment by a ratio of better than two
to one.
Is there a need to amend the Health Research Facilities Act?
As far back as 1959, the Committee of Medical Consultants appointed
by the U. S. Senate reported that the requirement of 50% matching from
local institutions was unduly severe. The Committee of Consultants contended
that only the wealthier states and the largcxuniversities could participate
to a significant degree in~this program. As a result, there have been salvos
of criticism from Congressional and other sources to the effect that our
national medical research effort is increasingly concentrated in our larger
6, .
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7. CO:2,1IVICATIOTdS
gap between the research investigator in the laboratory and the physician
treating patients in the field.
Over and above the problem of better co=nunications between,the
;rosQarch invcctigator and the practicing doctoro there is the vaat
problem of providing better coannumications between the entire medical
rapidly as possible. It has also called for the more imaginative use of
closed circuit television and medical films in closing the commuzications
The Reorganization and International Organizations Subcommittee
of the Senate Government Operations Coum-ittee,'in many hearings and
reports, has highlighted the problems created by our rapid accumul.ation
of new research knowledge. It has focused particularly upon the extra-
ordinary challenges created by the entrance onto the market of several
hundred new drugs each year. .It has cal.led for a network of regional
centers, using mo4ern computer and other techniques, to bring new
information on drugs and other medications to the family physician as
In recent years, the whole problem of better comnunications
from the medical research co=unity to the private physician, and
to the general public, has come to the fore.
research com unity and the American people.
ti'~ ,-;.~
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with the following Chairmen: Heart Disease - Dr. Irving Wright
Cancer - Dr. Sidney Farber
Stroke - Dr. John Meyer
Research - Dr..Philip Handler
, Manpower - Dr. Edward Dempsey
Communications - Mr. EmersonFoote
Facilities - Mr. Arthur Hanisch
Rehabilitation - Dr. Howard A. Rusk
Or g, nization and Activities of the CoirL*nission
The Commission organized itself into the following SubconIInittees
The Commission established the following methods of operation:
1. The collection of information from all agencies and gro4s
concerned with these diseases through letters, staff visits, etc.
2. The holding of hearings at which expert witnesses from the
widest possible range of interests, both public and private,
present their views and discuss the issues involved.
3. The preparation of the report and its recommendations and their
submission to the President.
.
As of the date of.this report, the Subcommittees have held fifteen
days of uieetings.''Among those who have met with one or more of these
- Subcomn.ittees are:
Dr. E. Cowles Andrus, Professor Enieritus, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Dr. Otis Andexson, American Medical Association, Washington, D. C.
Dr. A. B. Baker, Profeeaor and Chairmn, Departmcnt of NBuroiogy,
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Dr. David Brand, Chief, Heart Disease Control Branch, Division
of Chronic Diseases, Public Health Service, Washington, D. C. Q11
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Foundation) Houston, Texas ,
Dr. Clifford Cole, Chief, Neurological andSensory Disease
Service Program, Division of Chronic Diseases, Public
Health Service, Washington, D. C.
Dr. Russel W. Cumley, Executive Director, Medical Arts Publishirig
Dr. L4cerson Day, Director, Strang Clinic, New York, New York
Dr. D. Denny-Brown, Jarr.es Jackson Putnam, Professor of Neurology,
Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Bo$ton, Massachusetts
Dr. Harold S. Diehl, Senior Vice President for Medical Research
and Medical Affairs, American Cancer Society, New York, New York
Dr. Paul Ellwood, Executive Director, Sister Elizabeth Kenny
Foundation, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Dr. KennethEndicott, Director, National Cancer Institute,
Bethesda,,Maryland _
Dr. C. Miller Fisher, Associate Clinical Professor of Neurology,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
Dr. Aaron'Ganz, Head, Research.Ca-reer Section, National Institute
of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland
Dr. Eugene Guthrie, Chief, Division of Chronic Diseases,-Public
Health Service, Washington, D. C:.
Dr. Albert Heyman, Professor of Neurology, Duke U2liversity School
of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina -
Dr. Vane Hoge,-American Hospital Association, Washington, D.. C.
Dr. Charles Huggins, Ben May Laboratory for Cancer Research, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
Dr. Charles Kane, Professor of Neurology, Boston University School
of N.edicine, Boston, Massachusetts
Dr. Ralph Knutti, Director, National Heart Institute, Bethesda,
Maryland
Dr. Paul Kotiny Associate Director for Field Studies, National
Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
Dr. Edward J. Kowalewski, Chairza.n, Cozcmission on Environmental
Medicine, American Acad.emy of General Practice, Kansas City,
Missouri
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Dr. Lyndon E. Lee, Jr., Chief, Extra-VA Research Division,
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Veterans Adrilnistration,
Washington, D. C.
Dr. Joseph Leiter, Chief, Cancer Chemotherapy National Service
Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
Dr: Herbert Licthman, Medical and Research Director, Leukemia
Society, Inc., New York, New York
Dr. Herbert Locksley, Department of Neurosurgery, University
of Iowa School of Medicine,.Iowa City, Iowa
Dr. Char^p Lyons, Professor of Surgery, University of Alabama
School of N:edicine, Birmingham, Alabama
Dr. H'. Houston Merritt, Dean, Columbia University College of
Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
Dr. George E. Moore, Director, Roswell Park Memorial Institute,
Buffalo, New York
Dr. James 0'Leary, Professor and Chairman, Department of
Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
Dr. Irvine Page, Director, Research Divisiony Cleveland Clinic,
Cleveland, Ohio
Dr. Oglesby Paul, Professor of Medicine, Northwestern University
School of.Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
Dr. Paul Q.,Peterson, Associate Chief.for Operations, Bureau of
State Services, Public Health Service, Washington, D. C.
Dr. Harry T. Ph~J.lips, Director of the Division of Chronic
DicGases, N';acsuchusetts Dci art=nt of Fublic Hoalth, Boaton,
t+fab~acp.uset ta
Dr. Lee Powers, Associate Director, Association of American
Medical Colleges, Evanston, Illinois
Dr. I. S. Ravdin, Vice President for Medical Affairs, University
of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Dr. Herbert Rosenberg, Chief, Resources Analysis Branch, Office
of Program Planning, Office of the Director, National Institutes
of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
Dr. Joseph Sadusk, Medical Director, Bureau of Medicine, Food
and Drug Administration, Washington, D. C.
18 -
Dr. A. L. Sahs, Professor of Neurology, State University of
Iowa, Ames, Iowa
Dr. ITarold W. Schnaper, Chief, Research in Internal 2~,~d'icine,
'Veterans Administration, Washington, D. C.
D'.. Ja:nois Stitsnnori, D9.~.4%rsr, Ncitia:~l Inpt3tutoo of ~Ioalth,
$ethesda, Maryland
Dr. Murray J. Shear, Special Advisor, Intramural Research,
National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
Dr. John F. Sherman, Associate Director, Extramural Programs,
National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases,
Bethesda, Maryland
Dr. M. B. Shir:~tin, Professor of Medicine, TenroLe University,
School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Col. Robert Shira, MC, USA, Chief of Dental Service, Walter
Reed Arn;f Medical Center, Washington, D. C.
Dr. Robert Siekert, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
Dr. A. N. Taylor, Derart:r:ent of ::edica7l Education, American
Medical Association, Chicago, Illinois
.j
Dr. James L. Troupin, Director of Professional Education, American
Pub3iic Hea];.th Association, Nev York, New York
Dr. T. Philip Waalkes, Associate Director for Collaborative
Research, Natiora1 Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
Dr. Shields Warren, Professor, Cancer Research Institute, Boston,
Massachusetts
N'.ra,. Margaret West, Assis',,ant Chief, Public Health Methods, Public
Health Service, Washington, D. C.
Dr. Robert W. Wilkins, Professor and Chzirman, Department of
Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston,
Massachusetts
Dr. Paul Ze.necnicR., Director, John Collins Warren Laboratories
of C. P. Huntington Hospital of Harvard'University at
Massachusetts General H'ospital, Boston, N':assachusetts
Dr. Charles Gordon Zubrod, Director of Intramural Research,
National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
Dr. Vladimir Zworykin, RCA I,3,bo3'atories,, Princeton, New Jersey
Staff
To support the.work of the Comuission the following staff was
recruited:
Stn#'f DirnGtar
Dr. Abraham M. Lilienfeld, Professor and Chairman, Department
of Chronic Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of
Hygiene, Baltimore, Maryland
Executive Secretary
Mr. Stephen J. Ackerman, Associate Chief for Planning and
Analysis, Bureau of State Services (Commun3:ty Health),
Public Health Service, U. S. Department of Health, Education,
and Welfare
Staff Associate
Dr. John D. I T;irner, Office of the Director, National Heart
Institute, Public Health Service, U. S. Department of
xealth, Education, and Welfare
Staff Assistants
Dr. Nemat 0., Borhani, Head, Heart Disease Control Program, Bureau
of Chroriic Diseases, California Department of Public Health,
Berkeley, California
Mr. Louis Carrese, Program~Planning Officer, Office of the
Director, National Cancer Institute, Puolic Health Service,
U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare
Dr. Naureen'Henderson, Associate Professor of Preventive Medicine
and 14ar'1cI.e Scholar, University of Maryland School of Medicir.e,
Baltimore, Maryland
Dr. William L. Kissick, Assistant to the Special Assistant to
the Secretary (Health and Xled3.ca]. Affairs), U. S. Department
of Health, Education, and Wclfara
Mr. Lealon E. tdartin, xnformatioa Officer, National. Heart Institute,
Public Health Service, U. S. Department of Health, Education,
and Welfare
Dr. Bayard Morrison, Clinical Branch, Collaborative Research,'.
National Cancer Institute, Public Health Service, U. S. 0
Department of Health, Education, and Welfare
. .r~ ~
N~
N' O
Mr. Horace G. Ogden, Information Officer, Bureau of State
Services (Coumunity Health), Public Health Service, U. S.*
Department of Health, Education, and Welfare
!
Mr. Daniel Zwick, Office of Chief, Bureau of Medical Services,
Public H'ealth Service, U. S. Department of Health, Education,
and Welfare
Dr. David Schottenfeld, Associate Director, Admitting and
Diagnostic Clinic, Memorial Hospital, Now York, New York
Staff Consultant
Dr.'Morton L. Levin, Professor of Cancer Epidemiology,
University of Buffalo School of Medicine, Buffalo, New York,
SDecial Consultant
Mr. Mike Gorman, Executive Director, National Committee Against~
Mantal Illness, Washington, D. C.
20
