Tobacco Documents Online

I 1 3. _f, li IJ: ;' 7. Gir* a 6rtef Statement of your Workinp Hypothesis: tao. 626 - • 'cF. .9~ U.S.A. Activated: 7/1/66 CF. #3l+4 - 1962-164 COtdPARE: 3955 - 1957 #i6o - 1957 #213 -1959 - 1961 #301 -1961 - 1962 •r deiined vithout

t`d) A d ( d' B: : con PPen e : F' 9 P6Ys+ml Focilties Available (Where Other Shan Administering Organization Indiwte GeograP hicn! location ) ~ ew York University Researeh Laboratories, Goldwater Memorial Hospital,. Welfare Islanrl, N.Y. ... --Vascular•Research, Laboratory, New York University Medical Qenter, 550 First Ave., N.Y. l."b~c.-..:._a.::.....' - • , .. . . .- ;.~ _ ~ "L~'irY-^,~. •.a. ~~ ~:'~ ~ . •r ~'. Detoib of Ex erimenlal Des~ ( and Procedures ~P° Attach rate Po ts ~"' `~ r. . .• ~,v {N. v n: The method to be used in this study is di°_ferential venous occlusion Ple thYsmoBraPhY. ar.^4:.s: . ' .. ¢ ~, Plethysmographlc measurements of the foot and^ca.lf are taken, those of the foot being -Far_iepresentative of skin blood flow while measurementa•of the calt are representative of e cle blood flow. The calf and foot are placed in the appropriate plethysmographic L"f'* ; ~*l~nusucite chambers. The chamEers are then made airtight with vaseline and foam'rubber. Volume chenges of the ldmb are caloulated from the effect of a kaowa volume, namely ;; { 5 nl air ia~ected into the chamber, has oa the deflectioa of the recorder. On the =`°= =~recording a time-scale permits measuret>~at of tlie distaace equivalent to 10 seconds ti . fi~;on the base line. At this point a perpendicuLar is erected. Hlood Yiow in ml/mfnute n''in 100 cc of tissue is calculated from the Pormula: _ ., . . ~9~,. .:.. . ... .. . . .. _- _ .. .- . _ .. . • _. k€:= 600 x. L_ Blood Flow c t. °~ tt ~y K z V r<ml~ per minute per 100 mll of tissuej: the perpendicular rise of the slope in >ffi, during 10 seconds. K is the call- ; bratioa constant of the recording apparatus in >an deflection per ml of change in ~alume. V is the volume of the enclosed ca1P or foot in ml which is deterratned by ~ iNi: `. ,.r- ~ the water displacement overflnw.method. ;. • wyZ: Y: ,, ._~- .,, ..n. . . . _ .. . . ,. .. .. .... ... . ' ' _.. ~. 11. biopraphical sketches of all principal and professional personnel (append) K t' t Appended D !' ., . .. 12 L9st of publications: (Five most recent as pertinent) (append) Appended 0 ® T `_

R: REDACTED MATERIAL . Estimated Fulu re Requirements: , , vr...: Salaries Consumable Suppl. Other Expenses Permanent Equip. Overhead Total Y.ar 2 _ Year3 -. : Siqnature ' <<- 7 / ~- ~'%lSl It is understood that the applicant and instilutional officers le applying for a grant liare read and found;acceptable tbe•Council's "Statement•af Policy Containing Conditions and Terms Under Which,Preject Grants Are Made:' otr.d-.r.,a.6 688-3500 Ext 50T % r , Telephone Signature' .`, ~ twinns o(f~.. of iM t.»~~wio. ) ,Telephone l

THE COUNCIL FOR TOBACCO RESEARCH - U.S.A. Application For Research Grant • • . Give a Brief Statement of your Working Hypothesis: the effects of cigarette smoking on the cardio-vascular system show• some essential similarities to the pharmacologic effects of nicotine. have the same effects on~various physiologic parameters. There is like- wise no definite proof that these effects aree dlze to nicotine. However, There is no proof that cigarette smoking and tobacco smoking in general The pharmacologic action of nicotine consists.of a primary transient stimulation and secondary more persistent depression of all sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia. This includ'es the adrenal medulla and epinephrine is thereby discharged. Nicotine and tobacco smoking have also been shown to exert an antidiuretic action This effect is thought to be the result of stimulation and of the supraoptical-hypophyseal• system iaith the subsequent release of posterior pituitary anti-diuretic hormones. Nicotine also markedly stimulates the central nervous system which is particularly evident for the respiratory and vasomotor centres of the medazlla. Due to the multiple sites of action one may encounter initially a slowing of the heart rate due to,stiYmulation of the central vagal nuclei and cardiac.vagal ganglia. Later owing to the stimulation of sympathetic ganglia, and the central vasomotor centre, tachycardia: and a peripheral vasoconstriction ma.y become prominent. may dil"a.te. .After the stage of sympathetic ganglionic stimulation is eucceeded by paralysis, smaller vessels of the periphery, especially those of the skin, These responses shbuld be studied to ascertain-the presence or absence of an increased catecholamine activity in the systemic blood vessels of patients with hypertension and'the presence or absence of a basic abnormality in catecholamine metabolism in primary hypertension. Such findings in untreated patients with primary hypertension should be compared to findings in patients•iireated with various drugs to lower blood pressure. Also the effect of cigarettee smoking on the treatment of hypertension with diuretics should be studied. 4r

TFID+:COUNCIG.FOR TOBACCO RESEARCH - U.S.A. Application For Research Grant :Dr. Walter Redisch `'New York University School of Medicine New York University Research Service ' 8. Details of Experimental Design and Procedures: (cont'd) When measuring blood flow through the calf (i.e. muscle vascular bed) two pressure cuffs are applied to the extremity to be measured. The distal tocclusion) cuff is inflated to 270 mm Hg, the one proximl to the plastic case (collecting cia•ff )• to the individual'sc diastolic blood pressure minus 10, mm Hg. When measuring blood flow to the foot (i.e skin vascular bed), only the collecting cuff is used which is inflated to the individU•al's diastolic blood pressure minus 10 mm Hg. Following sudden• occlusion, the linear portion of the rising slope of the recorded curve is used to calculate the rate of flow according to the formula mentioned above. All experiments of course will be d'one in a constant temperature laboratory, .t at temperatures of 20 and 28°C . Humidity will be held constanti at 50- In order to avoid environmental influences, patients izb basal state will be brought to the constant temperature laboratory where they will rest on a bed while quasi-continuously the skin temperature on both big toes and the .right middle finger are recorded using.a six ehannel Speedomax. A patient is considered to be adjusted to-the environment of the room when the skin temperature of his toes and fingers has come down to constant room~ temper- ature and stayed there for thirty minutes. In,patients whose skin temperature does not come down•to room temperature despite prolonged exposure, maintenance of a constant skin temperature of toes and fingers for 30 minutes is con- sidered.to represent adaptation. For smoking, our standard proceduxe will be used, subjects will be instructed and supervised to smoke at the rate of one inhalation every thirty seconds for six minutes (total of twelve inhalations). • •

THE COUNCIL, FOR TOBACCO RESEARCH - U.S.A. Application For Research Grant r. Walter'Redisch New York Univers3,ty School of Medicine .;.New York University Research Service 12. Publications Fontana, V.J., Reddsch, W, Nemir, R.,. Smith, M.K., DeCrinis, K. and 'Sulzberger, M6B. J. of Allergy, 30: 241, 1959. Studies.in Tbbacco Hypersensitivity. Tobacco;Hypersensitivity: Peripheral Circulatory Implications. Walter Redisch, M.D. Presented at the New York Acader{y of Sciences,, March 25, 1960. Annals, N.Y. Acad. of Sciences go,: Art._ 1, 142-l44, Sept. 27, 1960. -Vascular Responses. to Smoking Tobacco Compared with Responses to Skin Testing of Tobacco Extracts. DeCrinis, K., Redischy W., Fontana, V., Lewis, A., Sulzberger, M.B. and Steele, J.M. Annals Int. Med. 52: No. 5, 1960. Charles C. Thomas, Publisher, Springfield, Illinois, pp. 352, 1962. Studies on Effects of Catecholamines Upon Ektremity. Blood Flow in Man. Redisch, W. Metabolismus Parietis Vasorum!- Praha Diebus - 4- 9 September 1961. Evaluation of Vascular Responses to Cigarette Smoking. Redischy W., Messina,. E.J., Terry, E.N., Rouen, L.R. and Steele, J.M6 Submitted for publication, 1967, Angiology. (Accepted 7/27/67) A Manifestation of Diabetic Microangiopathy in Nailfold Capillaries. Terry, E.N., Messina, E.J., Schwartz, M.S., Redisch, W. and Steele, J.M~ Diabetes, in press. Tobacco Allergy and Vascular Responses-. Redisch, W. Reprinted from BOOK - TOBACCO AND HF.I4LTH, James and Rosenthal, et al.. Blood Flow- Measurements in Response to Bamethane Sulfate in Man. 01 Terry, E.N., Messina, E.J., Redisch, V. and Steele, J.M. w Angiology 18: 161-173, March 1.96,. C.11 EP ?3

R: REDACTED MATERIAL CURRIv'ULUM VITAE • -:.Marital Status: . ' Former Appointments: Present Appointments: Walter Redisch, M.D., F:A.C.P., P.R.S.A . ~ Demonstrator, Dept. of Physiol., German University of Prague Fellowship, Heart Station,, Vier.na University Fellowship, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Franz 1921-33 1927 Joseph's Hospital, Vienna 1929 Fellowship, Dept. of Internal Medicine, University of Tuebingen, Tubingen, Germany 1924 University iss't., Dept. of Cen._and E:~. Path. and Clin:. Propedeutics, GerLlan Uriiversity Med. School of Prague and•Univ. Hospital Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, t~TY Research Associate, New York University Research Service, Goldwater Memorial Hospital, New York, NY (Director, Dr. J. Murray Steele) Visiting Physician, New York University Medical . Research Division, Goldwater Memorial Hospital, New York, NY : Associate Visiting Physician, . New• York, NY ., Bellevue Hospital, 1923-32 Associate Attending Physician, University Hospital, New Yor::, NY Physician-in-charge, Vascular Section, New York University Cardiovascular Clirtic; Bellevue Hospital. Physician-in-charge, Medical-Surgical Vascular Group; New York University Medical Center (Surgeon-in-charge, Dr. Roy Clauss)• Member, Advisory Board', Council on,Circulation, A.H.r.. A C 0 Consultant, Vascular Disease, St. Michael's Hospital, Newar::, New Jersey. 0) ~ ~

R: REDACTED MATERIAL - CurricUuiu Vitae W~Llter Redisch, M.I}. / -2- Participe.ted in a project for the United States Navy of the Office of Scientific Research and Development under the directicn of Dr. Steele Major, USA Medical Corps 1°irst.t on- New Guinea and then,Chief of Medical Service, Regional. Hospital, Ca:ap Shelby., Mississippi ~ .During 37 months of imr service on official leave of absence frozi the Universit f. ACTED ACTED l i 1943-46.

PRESENT APPOIN2MENTS : MD!BER OF: R: REDACTED MATERIAL CURRl_'.ULUM VI'rAE Erwin N. Terry, M.D. L R- Vienna, Austxia Tel-Aviv High-Schooi of Cotmnerce; Palestine 1940 No. 7 Formation College - 1945-46 Medical Faculty of the University of the Saar 1951-56 Major, British Army and Israel Defense Forces 1941-46 Moniteur, University of Saar, Department of Psychiatry -1954-56 • Civilian Contract Physician, P.A.C. Hospital,, U.S. Air Force in Germany 1956-61 Associate Medical Director, C.H. Boehringer Sohn, Ingelheim/Rhein, Germany .1961.-63• Medical Director, Pharma Research Canad;a;, Ltd., Pointe Clair, Qitebec 1963- - Research Fellow, New York University Research Service, Goldwater Memorial Hospital, Welfare Island, NY, NY 1964- ACTED PMACOTED1 , • !

Comprehensive Report : Walter Redisch, H.D. - . • , , . Go].dwater Memorial Hospital New York University Research Service ;'Research Associate . ;Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine, New York University School of Medicine. BLOOD FLOW STUDIES ]N HYPERTIlNSIVE SMOKERS ,.,,•.,:, . ,:: •.,, .:. `;This laboratory has studied vascular responses to cigarette smoking in•man sInce Z955• There have been 4 phases of the investigation so far. 1955 - 1959 In cooperation with Drs. Ma.rion Sulzberger and'Vincent Fontana it, was first ascertained that in healthy volunteers the percentage of subjects with strongly tobacco• extract had:, no decrease in peripheral blood flow• in response to smoking•. : on significant correlation,: 90%• of those who did not react to skin testing with ;~extremity measured by plethysmography were then ascertained in 80 healthy subjects and correlated to other hemodynamic parameters as well as to the results of testing- ,:for skin sensitivity to tobacco. extracts. Comparison with• skin, testing revealed ,, -` to cigarette smoking. The effects of cigarette smoking•on blood flow in the lower the percentage of subjects who showed a significant•decrease in blood flow response positive reactions to skin testing with tobacco extract was about, the same as 1~9 - 1962 .,'5ince b]•ood flow responses to smoking in the lower extremity seemed erratic, that some test subjects showed unequivocal increase in total flow, it, soon ;'~'::became evident that it was necessary to employ some acceptable means of separately • most obvious errors. . following permits,a rough estimation of skin and muscle flow by correcting for the : ence between skin-mass/muscle mass•ratio!in the foot and in the leg. The formula ,.;'.estima.ting skin flow and muscle flow. A method of differential plethysmography 'has been developed in our laboratory on the basis of the rather constant differ- Pf - Pi Ut a = 1-Cf-cl ~ F= Flow Rate V= Volume ~ P = Perfusiion, Rate ~ L= Leg F' = Foot S= Skin M= Muscle C= Correction Factor - Fl + Ff = F c.c./min.) V1+Vf =V ~c.cj p = v (c.c./100, c.c./min•.~ }.~ O Ps = Pf + Cf,& Cf = o'. 20 Q Pm=P]1-ClA C1=026 ~ Of course, all experiments are done in the Constant Temperature Laboratory; . the ones reported here were done at 25°C and 55% humn•di'try.