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Louisville, Ify., March 28 (UPI) '-- Two new and illtiaminating points were added today to the ever-growing question of cigarette-smoking and lung Point one was that cancer-causing compounds known to appear in tobacco increase in lung cancer in men over the past 30 years. smoke, are not present in high enough amounts to account for the enormous 4.'cancer-triggering action by cigarette smoke. ;.:viral infections could prepare the bronchial tree and the lungs for a Point two was that the damage wrought by long-standing but low-grade "smear" test for uterine cervical cancer made him one of the great University and point two belonged to Dr. George N. Papanicolaou, whose Point one was made by Dr. Benjamin Van Duuren (correet) of New York benefactors of the female sex. cancer research sponsored by the American Cancer Society. smoking, discussed the newest phases of the question at a seminar on was among the first scientists to connect lung cancer with cigarette They and Dr. Alton Ochsner, the distinguished New Orleans surgeon who that cigar and pipe smokers are much less susceptible to lung cancer higher amounts than in cigarette smoke. Yet statistical studies show said these chemicals were contained in pipe and cigar smoke in much were not sufficient in amounts to account for lung cancer, Van Duuren In conceding that known cancer-causing chemicals in cigarette smoke than cigarette smokers. chemical proof of a connection between smoking and lung cancer to be in cigarette smoke which have not been identified. He considers the Van Duuren reasoned that there must be other cancer-causing compounds overwhelming although not conclusive.

:because of financial gain" in the cigarette-lung cancer controversy. -today said~ he thinks the tobacco industry is "guilty of denying facts Louisville, Ky., March 28, 1:960 (AP) -- Dr. Alton Ochsner of New Orleans The-surgeon long has held cigarettes to be a direct cause of lung ) "In spite of the overwhelming,evidence of the causal relationship of cigarette smoking and cancer, the tobacco industry has refused to admit the evidence, and has tried to confuse the issue by blaming other possible factors, such as air pollution," Dr. Ochsner told an American Cancer Society seminar for science writers. "It seems to us that they would be on much~firmer ground if they would admit that there is a calculated risk in smoking... and informed the public of this risk so that the responsibility of smoking is entirely the individual's." The calculated risk "is not great because it requires a relatively long period of time, 20 years or more, for the condition to develop, although there is tremendous variation in ones susceptibility to cancer," . , Dr. Ochsner said. "As long, however, as the industry refuses to accept the evidence, which is apparently irrefutable,it Appears to me that they are guilty of denying facts bee-ause of financial gain. "It is extremely unfortunate that the public has become understandably confused because of their inability to differentiate between the motives of the American Cancer Society and those of the tobacco industry." O d C.7 . W •. •,

FOR: TOBACCO INDUSTRY RESEARCH COMMITTEE FOR INiMEDIATE RELEAaE (March 28, 1960) New York, N.Y. -- Timothy V. Hartnett, chairman of the Tobacco .concerning news stories froMLouisville, Ky., quoting Dr. Alton Ochsner's Industry Research Committes, issued here today the following statement criticism of the tobacco industr • « C y "With this renewed attack on tobacco under the auspices of the American ~~; Cancer Society, the position of the Tobacco Industry Research Committee should be made clear. . • _. , :, . . . , "This position is and has been that much more knowledge about cancer, =f';~ + and especially lung cancer, is necessary before positive conclusions about the cause or causes can be established. This position is shared by outstanding scientists here and abroad. "In keeping with our position, we do not believe it is fair to the general public or those connected with the tobacco industry -- from grower make against smoking. "We do not think that the present campaign of repeating the anti-smoking theories of the extremists will ever constitute proof of the charges they to retailers -- to permit extreme and unproved charges to go unchallenged. has been settled. Many doctors and scientists simply do not agree that the lung cancer question "For example, the Journal of the American Medical Association just recently stated in an editorial that there is not 'sufficient evidence to warrant the assumption of an all-or none authoritative position' in regard scientific research into health problems, including lung cancer, in an effort to get needed facts and evidence. The conduct and results of the research are g y• "We have frankly accepted a responsibility for financing independent to the smokin theor ~ reported with complete freedom by the scientists who receive grants-in-aid from a Scientific Advisory Board of 10 recognized authorities in scientific and medical research."' -xxx-

Attachment No. 4 -- Copy _ of{ Wire Story Safer Cigarettes -- by Alton Blakeslee -- Associated Press Science Writer , houisville, K;y., March 29 (AP) -- "Safer"' cigarettes may already be on the market, and a cancer resea-tcher says he hopes to learn if they really are safer. .. , ,. 'A:. ,. - Cancer Society (ACS)• , ~..t Dr. E. Cuyler Hsamiond, director of statistical research for the American and one-half the tar content of standard non-filter cigarettes, said . - . _ . . ~: These safler smokes may be those containing only one-fourth the nicotine those who switched to the "safer" cigarettes actually live longer, by the ACS, examining many health factors and habits may show whether A vast, six-year study of more than one million Americans, now under way Dr. Hammond told a seminar for science writers. cause" of lung cancer now. Dr. Ra=ond is one who is convinced cigarette smoking is "the principal Despite all recent warnings, cigarette sales are at a new high, but perhaps the warning hasn't fallen on deaf ears because sales of fi].ter- tipped' and low-lar, low-nicotine cigarettes have increased tremendously. Dr. Hamnond said "it appears the majority of Americans want to smoke, but they want to do so without running the risk of lung cancer or any of the other diseases associated with cigarette smoking." _ Safer cigarettes would at least reduce the-dangers he's worried about, scientists said. Dr. Hamnond'declared cigarette manufacturers should be "required to make known the tar and nicotine content of their brand." Dr. Oscar Auerbach, a pathologist who has made a special study of lung tissues, declared "I have never seen a man who died of squamous or oat cell cancer of the lung -- nor has anyone else shown me a case of this kind -- in the last 32 years who was not a smoker. , He said that "having a high regard.for individual freedom, I would be opposed to the prohibition of cigaretteS even if it would work.",. Squamous and oat cell types of cancer account for the majority of lung cancers, said Dr. Auerbach, of the Veterans Administration, East Orange, N.J. cancer amounted to a "breakthrough" in knowledge. Dr. Michael B. Shimkin of the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md., declared studies pointing to the cigarette smoking as a cause of lung cidence of lung cancer by 60 per cent, saving some 20.,000 deaths from He said "the elimination of the cigarette habit would reduce the in- lung cancer per year."'

,Science Today -- by Delos Smith -- UPI Science Editor Louisville, Ky., March~29 -- (UPI) -- There shouldn't be a law prohibiting every pack, in the opinion of a famous statistical scientist. % manufacturers to print the tars and nicotine contents of their products on the smoking of cigarettes but there should be one requiring cigarette - •Dr. E. Cuyler Hammond is co-author of the Hammond-Horn study'upon which is based much of the widespread!conviction among scientists that cigarette one of the most frequently quoted statistical documents. smoking and lung cancer are directly connected._ The Hammond-Horn report is ;and anyway, he continued, his "high regard for individual freedom" makes him Prohibition would no more work against smoking than it worked agadnst •alcohol opposed to prohibition of cigarettes. , but required to make known the tar and nicotine content of their brands." he said. "However, I think that manufacturers should not only be allowed it would be difficult to enforce without restricting freedom of speech," "Some sort of restriction on cigarette advertising might be considered but director of statistical research. cancer research sponsored by the American Cancer Society. He is the Society's Hammond was one of the scientists who spoke on lung cancer at a seminar on "The elimination of the cigarette habit would reduce the incidence of lung break-through" in the war against cancer. Cancer Institute, said the scientific case against cigarettes was a major 11 Dr. Michael B. Shimkin, chief of biometrics and epidemiology of the National , year,' he said. . . cancer 60 per cent, a saving of some 20,000 deaths from lung cancer per smokers were uncommon but increased progressively with increases in cigarette~ g breathing tubes of 339 deceased men, 63 of whom had died of lung cancer. This study showed that pre-cancerous changes in the lung tissues of non- a member of the seminar's lung cancer panel. His study was of the sliced Dr. Oscar Auerbach, author of another scientifically famous study, also was smoking. here. He had reported these findings before but he reported them again 0 All three scientists dismissed air pollution as an important factor in the rapid increase in lung cancers but Hammond said he was worried about the future. actually exists, and' if so to take action before irreparable damage is done." types of air pollution, particularly pollution from motor vehicle exhausts," he said. "I do not know whether or not this will result in an increased rate of lung cancer in future years. However, there is sufficient evidence to justify an intensive research program to determine whether such a risk FO Cn 4b "During the last few years there has been a tremendous increase in certain ~ He mentioned only one city specifically -- Los Angeles.

Cancer Society seminar in Louisville, Ky. Referring to news stories quoting c., today challlenged the anti-smoking stories coming out of an American :~~ :/ , ,.. .. . , „ ~ ., ,a group or men wno tiave long t3een ta•ixYng against smoxing, rr. xaglana saia: i € . ~: t Washington Edward F. Ragland, vice president of The Tobacco Institute IO , Wr; ~ . . . ~•'r.. . . . . .. ._. ~ . i'I~v~' • - . . . . .. - ... ~ 'i )'t~.. . . _ . .. :~(4JJ "These same menhave been speculating about their theories of cigarette smoking for a number of years, and we except more Sesswork and opinion. "They are admittedly on an anti-smoking crusade and continue to insist that their ideas are right, even when a great deal of other scientific evidence ~ •and opinion doesn't back them up. cigarette, this is not new from them either.' But what is new is the admission by scientists at this same conference that they 4' don't know of any compounds present in tobacco smoke in sufficient amounts to account for human lung cancer. packages for their so-called 'tar' and nicotine content. This idea is revived =if~t~t.;, ` every once in a while by the anti-smoking group, even though they must know by - . . E. _. . -''now that there are no standards for measurement of these. And even if there to improve the cffZality of its products and to study the questions that have been "The tobacco industry is devoting many millions of dollars to research smoker. there is no way of judging the meaning of any such figures to the individual raised about smoking. "But the anti-smoking campaign is being carried to an extreme when the idea is advanced that the industry can remove something 'harmful' from tobacco that nobody knows is there." "We also see that a statistician is talking about labeling cigarette see nothing new in what they say today

,; .Attachment No. 6A - Copy of Wire Story R ? March 30,,(UPT) -- A Tobacco Institute executive today accused scientists attending the American Cancer Society seminar in Louisville, Ky., of being on an "anti-smoking crusade." • . . . - ,. - . : - - , Edward F. Ragland, vice president of the tobacco group, said the seminar continues to speculate about the connection between smoking and lung cancer "even when a great deal of other scientific evidence and opinion -,doesn't back them up." : p. _ . . - ,. - , ~~.. .' . Dr. E. Cuyler Kammond, co-author of a study on cigarette smoking and lung cancer, yesterday urged requiring cigarette manufacturers to print the .tars and nicotine contents of their products on every pack. Ragland countered saying "this idea is revived every once in a while by the anti-smoking group, even though they must know by now that there -are no-standards for measurement of these. And even if there were, there is no way of judging the meaning of any such figures to the in- dividual smokers. "The tobacco industry is devoting many millions of dollars to research to improve the quality of its products and to study the questions that have been raised about smoking. "But the anti-smoking campaigais being carried to an extreme when the idea is advanced that the industry can remove something 'harmPul' from tobacco that nobody knows is there," Ragland said. .,...:,,~ DC Q M OW t,~ Mrf f_,e 0 . ~iLL~'~