Tobacco Documents Online

~ai~t: Men TeatiEy at ~eplaced by a hard substance imilar to sktn which did not se- Trial in N.O. creteYmucousYlf no further ap. `'lhree medical men testifted fled, the bronchial tubes gradu- lfonday in federal district court ally reverted to normal. - that they believe that there The witness explained that 1s a relationship between ciga- the cilia are tiny hair-like ob. ':fette smoking and lung cancer. Jects, which line the bronchial Thlii i th tubes and actto sweep out im e' testmony camene, frlaliof a case in which a Hous- purities. ton, Tex:, widow Is suing two to. He alto stated that his tests bacco companies, claiming that revealed that the tars extracted the death of her husband In 1955 frorn all' of the popular, brands z,lrom lung cancer was due to of cigarettes tested were sim. his heavy smokingr, llar. ... ': :.-.::, . B tt r th 90 t f th c e e an per en o :, 1he witnesses called by tJiee as lung cancer patients he ob- `lttorneys for the plaintiff, . 'the trial entered its second week served„ Dr. Ross said, have lclcluded Dr. Charles Ross, ctiief been smokerb, including those Of thoracic surgery at the Ros- who had cancers which ~ are not Well'Park MemorialiInstitute in connected with smoking, Of $uftalo; N. Y.; Dr. Suk Ctirillthose who had epidermaid can- ' Chang, a members of the patrl- Clogy department at the tniver- aity of Toronto, and Dr. William LWatson, chief of the thoracic iutgicali service at the New York Memorial Hospital for Cancer. 7, Under direct examination by X. Alva 13rumfteld;, one of the plaintiff's attorneya, Dr. Rosc described results of tests made torney„ Dr. Rosa said that his observations were based on his own clinical studies. He explained that In the anl- mal experiments the tar was applied to the trachea of the dogs used with a small piece of sponge which replaced a por- tion of the trachea. The sponge was saturated with the tar, he #aid:, " . . Dr. Ross said that he does not contend that the expert: tnents simulated human smok- ~hg habits and that other dli seases can produce the same 'phan¢es seen in the dags., RESEARCH SiNCE'sa when,questioned byTheodore t{iendl, another detense at'. torney, the doctor said that he does notknowthe single cause which aill turn a cell malign- cers, 99 per cent were smok ers!ant. He said that he does not and,in,the past year hehasseeniknowthe "tnrclianics" ofthe onlytwo patients witH,this typelchange. "Wedon't pretend to of cancer who were ~not smokers,~knowwhat goes on in an in- the witness asserted.. dividual cellP~'he sa1d1 "In my op~on - cigarette Dr. Chang told the court that smoking is a causative factor he~ hasbcen, doing cancer re- in epidermoid cancer, of the search since 19'S3 and has done lung," he told the court:much research on the change in DASED ON STUDIES the mucous membranes of hum- After he was read a personal! -wiih automatic smoking ma-I fustbry of th'eplaintiif'shus- eh'{nes through which tars werelbandJ including his smoking 'extracted from five popularhabits over a period of 55 years, brands of cigarettes. pr._ Ross said, "Assuming he CII.lA DESTROYED moked ~ many eigarettes a day '_ H ld th th tar w as lon a eriod as he did ere a - ar p t ans, mostot It from postmortem autopsies but someafter lung removal opcralions: He said that he is the im~entor, ofaspecial method of remov- ing the mucous lining of the bronchial tubes so that it can p e s a e s a plied to the respiratory epithe- would assume It wasaeausa- be studied on microscopic lium of dogs andwithiet a few 've factor inhislung caneer."Islides. The pathologist told the weeks the cilia of the bronchial t9nder cross-examination by court that he has examined 12,000 such slides since fubes had been destroyed andlFredertt"k Haas; a defense a1953 E7CHIRITS SI"IDliS + -- -.. He first became interested 1n ,.. _ lungwvrkin his native Korea where the incidence of tUber- culosls was very high, he as- serted. ~. During his testimony he ex- hibited. 19 photo microscopic slides of tissues and described the changes which he contended takes place in the cell sltucture when the person smokes ciga- rettes. ~ No ontknows theexact origin or mechanismof thedevelop- mcnt of a cancerous cell, he testified, but he aaidi that he believes that changes which he pointed out on the slides and areprecancerous are caused by cigarette smoking. .. . ... . , ., _ +S . Dr. Chang testified that _11 study of 132 cases of lung cancer revealed, that 130 of them were smokers andftom the history of the plaintiff's husband, the withess said that he believes that the amount of his smoking caused his cancer. ~ ' J4 CASES ~~riy EE3 Sl S I On cross - exantinatlon„ Kiendl brought out' from the witness that only three of the slides shown were from non-smokers and that --~, even many non-smokers show the formation of epidermold cancer. Dn. Watson descritied the New York hospital wit}iwtiichh'e is associated as the largest cancer __ researrh and treatment een0er in the world and said that betireen, 19:6 and 1957, he has seen 3334 cases of lung cancer. His Hrst clinical experiments on the relationship between can- cer and smoktng were begun in 1950, he tcstilied. A samplingof 700 patients to an 18 month period, he said, re- veated that3IX1 had lung canceF and of that numben 98.1 per ccnt were smokers. - ' "I have a hrm conviction that smoking is one of the major, if not'ute most Important factor," he asserted. -.- HEATHEI.D FACTOR For theaverage person, 10to 201 cigarettes for a period ofa7years is a "a realrisk, a serious handicap so far as the possibility of developing lung cancer com- pared to a similar man, Iivingin a similar environment is con- ~ cemed."' ~ ~ ~ ~ The heat of a cigarette gen, erated by a fast smoker is also, }. factor„ he assertcd. '~l never said any particular person had a IFancer caused by smoking. There recertainlyfactors, additivedaa ors, andsmoking isone of thesefadors," he added. Thiswitness also connected the plaintiff's h'usband's dealh with hissmoking habits. The suit on trial was brottghfby ~fis. Victoria St. Pierre lar. tigue. formerly a residentl of Franklin, for the death of her husbandJ FrankJ. fartigue. The defendants are the ].lggeltard Myors Tobacco Company and the R:J. Reyrald4.Tobacco Compa+yr,