Tobacco Documents Online

RESEARCH - [cont. ). RESEARCH cation printed a lengthy article by Wilbert Aronow, M.D., on "The Effect of Smoke on the Nonsmoker." "Even people who do not smoke are more appropriately termed passive smokers than nonsmokers," the article said. "Passive smoke inhalation may precipitate or aggravate respiratory infections and allergic reactions in other- wise healthy persons." "ALCOHOL and tobacco were seen as.the major independent etiologic agents" for oral and pharyngeal cancers in the U.S., report re- searchers in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Nov. 1979. -~--- A RESEARCH PAPER presented to the Atlantic Economic Society pre- dicts "business as usual" for tH'e tobacco industry in the next decade. "The market should not s~e any potentially catastrophic changes," it says. \ Another paper sees "a 25 percent reduction in age ad- justed rate of cigarette-related diseases" by 1990. WRITING "ON SMOKING AND LUNG CANCER" in the South-African Cancer Bulletin, ~.B.K.S. Dijkstra, M.D., says "the concentration of kno~m carcinogens in--cigarette smo--~ certainly must be far too low to cause lung cancer." Dijkstra writes, "The smoking-can-cause-lung- cancer hypothesis never passed..the fundamental barrier between ~thesis and theory." • HE NATION'S HEALTH reported that "researchers at the National -- L~-~ter for Health Statistics are giving parents one more reason ~ot to smoke. ~ '~ ~ """"Children who live in households with adult cigarette smokers =end to have more days of disability and school loss than those who live in smoker-less homes," the /:.~publication said. HEW RELEASED a 1976 survey of "Use Habits Among Adults of Ciga- rettes, Coffee, Aspirin, and Sleeping Pills," which claims to show that.the highest percentage of cigarette smokers is among males, ages 25-34, and females, 35-44. It says that 3 out of 4 persons who had ever smoked had tried to stop at one time or another. NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH awarded three grants concerning cigarette smoking: -- $66,529, ~uss~l~"Lue~ker, Minneapolis, Prevention of ciga- rette, smoking in children; -- $8,063,:StanlexSchachter, New York City, Self-cure of cigarette smoking 'and obesity; -- S57,902,-Gilbert.Botvin, New York, Life skills training and smoking prevention. RESEARCHERS studying lung cancer.incidence in Louisiana report a twofol~ excess r~sk ~n the sh~n~~n~ and ~=A~n~ ~n~,~=~= Y!:.-/..:. :;::. T105ag002g

RESEARCH - (cont.) NL 241 [cont.) The study appeared in the Journal of the National CanterInstitute, Nov. 1979. The shientists' hadno ex'--pla---~ation fo~ ihe excess risk among fishermen. IN A; SCHNEIDERMAN, National Cancer InstitUte, keynote speaker ~-~ ~ ?e~ent session ~f the Society For Occupational And Environ- mental Health, stressed that despite statements to the contrary, the rates of increase in cancer mortality and incidence in those sites related to industrial exposures were greater than those for other sites, even when the claimed effects of smoking were taken "into account. A NCI STUDY on bladder cancer claims that heavy smokers (more than two packs a day for males, one pack for females) who also ase artificial sweeteners have a higher risk of bladder cancer than heavy smokers. Investigators said they could not calculate the specific magnitude of the risk. signi~nd areas ciga- A HARVARD RESEARCH~R,~" is expected soon publish, two studies s~----~H, ata--~i-~--i~alowlng smoker's home, in monitors placed on people near smokers, contains ficantly more particulate matter than in nonsmoking areas. "The major source of indoor particulate matter is .__retie smoke," Spengler told a recent conference. TI05390029

RESEARCH NL 274 Also People I R~EARCH { H~J. EYSENCK, in a letter to New ., Scientist (2/19), complains abo----~t the plausiSillty of the Hiray.ama work (NL 270). "The smoke rapidly dissolves in the large body of air in the room--partlcularly in the typical Japanese house, where the walls are made of papgr," Eysenck writes. He urges Hirayama. to supply more data. IF ~IRAVAMA!S CONCLUSION that Japanese wives contract Lung cancer from husbands who smoke is correct~~ asks'Sir Richard Doll, why hasn't there been a rising lung cancer rate in that nation? (Medical World News, 2/16.) The publication calls Doll "a pioneer in studies linking cigarettes to lung cancer." CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGISTS are making, complex statlstlcal,analyses about trends in cancer on the basi~ of data that are nothing more than ~'unrefined, unprocessed garbag~," says~D~~ Alva~ Felnsteln, Yale Univ. epldemiologlst quoted In\Internat~-~na[~Ical News. "The science of epidemiologyis today in the same age as alchemy was before Lavoisier. I know of n.o other scientific activity that's been so naive, so inappropriate, and so unscientific in its lack of attention to the basic data~"--..Feinsteln said in a San Francisco debate. ~"~"CHILDREN WHOSE PARENTS smoke cigarettes suffer more days of lll- ~of.~nat onalnessesithandat in theAme loan JournaltheaChildren°f~n°nsm°ke~s~" said AP of an analysis ~ of Public Health (March)~ ~,,,,- ,,-, , .~" AP quoted TI's ~oohey~saying, "In any type of stud~ ~ i like .this there are a lot of other variables that~" should be looked at before you draw any conclusions." The study itself said it offered "no direct proof ~..~ that adult smoking adversely affects children's~.,~--.-:~ health. " -"CIGARETTE SMOKING is so powerful a contributor, so highly pre- valent, and so potentially correctable that it deserves the highest priority among preventive measures to control cardiovas- cular disease," writes WilliamKannel'l, M.D., in the American Heart Journal (March). Kennel critigizes those who "claim that the clga- rette-CHD connectlon...is actually a spurious illustration of guilt by association." "A CHEAP, SIMPLE blood test will accurately predict the risk of hear~ attack among middle-aged men who smoke cigarettes," reports AP on a French study in The New England Journal of Medicine (2/18). TI05390030

.RESEARCH N~260 Also People "PEOPLE IN REGULAR and prolonged contact with infants should not smoke," claim New Zealand researchers In.AFchives of Disease in NIOOTINE 0HEWING SUM "is a useful aid ~o giving up smoking and is probably acceptable even for people with cardiovascular disease," ~researchers report in Brltls~ Medical Journal (Aug..16). ATHEROSCLEROSIS REVIEWS (Vol. 7), published recently by Raven Press and edited by a National Instltutes"of Health staffer, contains \chapters on smoking. One calls cigarette smoking "a key risk factor"~ for heart disease 1 RESEARCH I ADECLINE I~ THE NUMBEROF PUFFS TAKEN BY SMOKING MACHINES "APPEARS TO HAVE BEEN A MAJOR CAUSE OF THE REPORTED REDUCTIONS IN TAR AND NICOTINE YIELDS" BETWEEN 1969 AND 1974, RESEARCHERS WRITE IN C~ (SEPT-)- TH~ RESEARCHERS, STUDYING CANADIAN CIGARETTES, WANT THE NUMBER OF PUFFS TAKEN BY A SMOKING MACHINE PUBLISHED ALONG'WITH TAR AND NICOTINE YIELDS• AGB-AD~BD ~at~ rate £o~ l~chemCc heart disease decreased-25.1 percent from 1968 to 19T8, ac~0r~Ing td the gove~r~me~t's ~±nal Mor%allt~ 8%atlstCes, 19~8 report, Just released. ~±~oe Ct sa~s, lung ca~oe~ ~eath rates ~ave C~cre~se~ fo~ %hose older 'I .... t~an 45, decreased for t~ose NL262 RESEARCH LUNG CANCER MORTALITY among workers at an automobile factory in Flint, Mich., was double that expected for men, three and one-half times that for women, according to a study done by the United Auto Workers un- ion. The study blames work place chemicals rather than in- creased smoking. NL 262 (Also People) SEV£RAL RESEARCHERS were quoted in Medlcal World News (9/29) on! Dr. SeI£zer's editorial on smokin9 and hear~ ~BT~ease (NL 259). ~Frue but totally irrelevant," was one comment; "nonsense" another. NL 261 SMOKING CIGARETTES contribute to noise-lnduce~ hearing loss claims a Univ. of Oklahoma scientist , (Sept.). After exnosur~ e ~^ u~'gh nols.- =qu~ted-in~.=. ...... .............. ~Famil Health took "much longer to return to normal, than nonsmokers,. --' ~=~¢~" near~ng T105390031

:RESEARCH - (cont.) -A TWO-PHASE survey of Australian school children concludes that youths' cigarette use climbs as age and number, of yeats smoking increases. Smokers have a lowem perception of their scholastic performance and are more likely to spend spare time among peers than family~ asserts the sampling. .I RESEARCH I JOURNAl. Or TH_ Arkansas Medical Society, ~ mote t~o~ou&~ &~@lysis o~ ci~ette s~o~e. It uses sou~ ~@ves and laser beams. I RES RCH CIG~TT~ S~OKING b7 parents 5as a ~a~ effect o9 the pulmonary function of their children," said Harvard researchers in the ~erican Journal of demiologv. One newspaper headlined the story: "Smoking Parents Expose C~ildren to Cahcer." A PHYSICI~ wrlt~ng ~~ston Globe, says he reviewed 230 articles on cigarette smoking and pregnancy, and concluded that "smoking is harmful to fetal development. Futhermore, the harmful effects appear to be long lasting." .~ Research at the Univ. of Southern California indicates that nicotine, caffeine, and aspirin used during preg- nancy may increase the risk of bearing babies with cleft lips and palates, the San Diego Union reports. Babies born to heavy smokers may experience hearing losses, a study in Scotland indicated, the Chicago Tribune reported. Smokers' babies have higher blood pressure, Pedia~ic~News said. A BRITISH PHYSICIAN writes The Lancet to say that diet, and not smoking, causes low-weight infants. "Nutritional deficiences could be corrected by dietary supplements," the correspondent writes. "It seems unfair to exhort only the poor and already underprivileged to give up smoking in pregnancy." THE COUNCIL for Tobacco Research exists "because continuing support is needed to help science find the causes of cancer, heart disease, and chronic pulmonary ailments," CTR said, in its just released 1978 annual report. s'r~DY of respiratorg disease among children in two Canadian ~ found "an overwhelmingly consistent trend" of more disease in the -~ c~ty where air pollution was greater {Archives of Environmental ~. Health, March/April). THg PRESENCE of a ~ealth warning increaseg the desire to smoke, claia tuo British researchers, uriting in Psychological Reports. T105390032