Tobacco Documents Online

TOBACCO'S NEW LEdDERSHIP TEAM: From left to right, Horace R. Kornegay, Tobacco Institute chairman; Edwardd. HorriganJr. of R.J. Reynolds, chairman of Tl's executive committee¢ attd Samuel D. Chilcote Jr., The lnsti- tate' s new president. TI Leadership Team In Place For The 80's WASHINO'ION, D. C.--Horace R.. Komegay, president of The Tobacco Institute since 1970 and former four- term North Carolina Congressman, has been elected ehalsman of The Institute by its board of directors. At the same time, the board chose Samuel D, Chilcote Jr., formerly presi- dent of the Distilled Spirits Council of the United States (DISCUS), as the new TI president. Edward A. Horrigan Jr., chairman of RJ. Reynolds Tobacco Co., was elected chairman of the executive com- mittee which oversees operations of The Institute. As chairman, Komegay has direct responsibility for the Federal affairs, legal, scientific, and technical functions of The Tobacco Institute. Reporting to Komegay, Chileote directs the organization's public com- muaicatinns, state activities, and ad- ministrative functions. The new alignment of responsibili- ties is "the best possible way to meet the challenge of The lnstitute's grow- ing and diverse responsibilities," Kor- negay said. "Sam Chilcote comes to us with a reputation for aehievemcot second to none in the major tasks we face as busi- ness communicators in the public inter- est. We ~re delighted," Kornegay said, "to have him come alx~rd?' Chllcote cited the new challenge as he moves from head of the Distilled dust~es have thek shm'e of contrn- vers~s," he ~id, *'but the future is extraordinarily bright and Tl's strong record of achievement will be con- tinued." The principal operating officer at DISCUS since 1973, Chilcote is strongly identified with distillery in- dustry programs to reduce alcohol abuse and encourage sensible con- sumption practices by those adulLs who choose to drink, Horsigan was named ehnirman, pres- ident, and chief executive officer of RJ. Reynolds Tobacco Co. in February 1980, after serving nearly two years as chairman and chief executive officer at RJR Tobacco International. Previous- ly, he was chairman and president of Buckingham Corp. and a division vice president of Thomas J. Lipton, Inc. TI: :Leave, I n-Flight Smoking To Airlines inate all CAB regulation of in-flight smoking, thus allowing the airlines freedom to set procedures. Later this year the CAB is expected to consider this topic further. It doesn't have to accept either of the sugges- tions it asked for comments on. Rather, it could maintain the status qua or it could make less sweeping changes than a complete ban, TI said the proposal to ban smoking aboard commercial aircraft must be rejected. Such a ban, TI said, "would deny smoking passengers their stat- utufily guaranteed fight to travel in cm~ort.)' "The assertion," TI said, "'that non- smokers have special 'fights' that can support a total ban on smoking is untenable." TI pointed out in its filing that com- plaints about smoking on airlines last year were down more than 35 per'cant from 1979. Congressional Mandate TI said that there is a strong Con- gressional mandate for deregulation of the airlines. WASHINGTON, D.C.-It is time The question of smoking aboard air- for the government to "get out of the craft should be handled by the "bush business of regulating smoking aboard hess judgment of airline management. airplanes," The Tobacco Institute said acting in response to competitive mar- in a recent filing at the Civil Aero- ketforees,"Tlsald. nautics Board. "The CAB smoking regulations are This matter, TI said, like other ques- an unnecessary impediment to compe- dons of passenger comfort, should be titian among the airlines," The lasti- left to the business judgment of the tute said. airlines. "Airline managers can be counted on ~e_Institute's filin~sSn~nawer m ~xto_what theh:passengem want.H£__ a notice of proposed rulemaking by the they do not, they will lose business to CAB. The Board asked for public cam- their competitors.'" merit on whether it should ban smoking entirely on commercial aircraft orelim- Conn. Official Important Crirnos First the stato's attoI~ey here b.~ decided not to prosecute v~ola/ors of the state's pub- Iic smoking restriction law. State's attorney Walter D. Flanogan, in a letter/O the local police chief, wrote: "After evaina/ing priorities, including but not lindted to cest feasibility, court facilRie% and manpower limtta6om, th/s office henceforth wilt decline prose- cation of any summons" under, the smoking restriction statute. The police chief, Nelson F. Macedo, had earlier begun a crackdown on al- leged violators. He was hailed by anti- smokers in the state for the first "or- ganized effort" to enforce the smoking ban. The 1979 Connecticut law reskicts smoking in g~vemment buildings, tail food stores, and larger restaurants. Violators can he fined no more than $5. Three Dan/~ury grocery stores had re- ceived tickets. Fla.~gan/old The Tobacco Observer that although his ~xqice had not n~le a formal study of the impact of prose- cuting cases under the smoking re~trlc- tion law, It was obvious to him that he lacks r~anrces and manpower to e~- force it. 'q have to establish pHori6es," he said. "We have the same tight budget problem as everywhere else." Flanagan said he feels no pressure aver his dectsion, despite an outcry by Betty Loa Binfont and her zon, Steve, ready their 22-acre tobacco farm for the Cono~dcut Lung Pu~rw.iation pro. spring planting. Binford, whozayshermalecountetpart~nolongerlookatheras [rmn diree/or ~ Stranb cam- having three heads, sometime$ wi~hes there were three of her-~o zhe can keep plained to • Dm~bury nowspoper that up wirh ~time occ, p~tioas as tobacco farmer, insurance agent, and income tax Flanagan's derision "m~.kes a mnckery preparer. (See ~ory Page 6) of the law." TI53181228

Tobacco Jobs F,or N, ei,g, hb or States ~ ~ m~ a study ~oc~ by • e UoIv~ o~ ~y~i~s ~- ~n AppEed R~h Cant~r sho~. ~bs in the Volunt~r State, involH~ lion nnan~ly, cm ~ ~ to tob~- ~'s di~t ~ indi~ct effects on the Ten,see ~ks tM~ nafiooMly M ~th tob~ f~i~ ~d ~cfion w~e- hoosi~ ~ ~u~ by employment. ~est 9,~ ~ll-fime jo~ a~ in- volved in ~lfivafing Tenn~see's 61,- 420 ac~s of tob~ f~ l=d, ~ emplo~ent ~alati~ to 35,870 at the p~ of the h~est scion. ~,. Dall~ eadkxl "B~'~'nond "'the ciga- rette ~i~l of ~d~" AI~I ~ne ~t ~ ~b hold~m in ~a's ~pit~ ciW ~ in~lv~ ~ tob~ p~si~ aM m~uf~tu~g. "In colonial tim~," D~mn s~d, "tob~o holed ~e Vir~a ~e w~lthiest of ~e 13 ~lo~es and ~ a major ~ntn~u~r to Amefi~'s in- temafion~ t~de. "Today, tobac~ aM i~ man~ac- ~ p~vide di~t or indirect empby- ment to some 90,700 Vi~ini~ ~ con~ute $5.9 billion to in~Hdu~ citi~ns or ~s~ia~d business~," ~e governor s~d. ~e study ~u~d ~b~co's di~ct and indi~ct contributions b~ed on -- Tobacoo,auctionavarnhouse~employ~1979data. - Findings of the Wharton study of tobacco's contributions to tile Tennessee econ- omy were announced at a Nashville news conference March 23.Art F~el, asso- ciate director of the Wharton Applied Research Center, left, and Walker Merry- man, TI director of communications and asslstant to the president,field questions. 'Incomplete Information' T! Swiftly Counters ment, with the equivalent of 280 fail- timejobs, reaches almost 1,800 during the busy fail and winter selling sessions. The state ranks fifth nationally in cigarette manufacturing support indus- try employm0nt-which includes those involved in making paper filters, and adhesives and in advertising and pro- motion-with nearly 2,000jobs. Wharton researchers estimate to- bacco indirectly contributes 31,300 jobs in Tennessee through the indus- try's "spillover" effect on the economy, as industry employers, their WorkerS, and major suppliers purchase the goods and services of other, nontobacco, industries. Tennessee, with no persooai income tax, relies heavily on tobacco for lax revenue. The Wharton study shows that nearly five cents of every tax dol- lar collected by the state is directly linked to the leaf, Excises and sales taxes on finished tobacco products brought the state $85.3 million in 1979. Local govern- ments in Tennessee collected an addi- tional $8.9 million in tubacco-related taxes. The indostry's direct contribution to Federal taxes collected in Tennessee was estimated to be in excess of $94 million annually. Virginia RICHMOND, Va.-Not very far from where it all began in Jamestown, Golden Leaf Appreciation Day, cele- brating the tobacoo industry's economic contributions, was held on April 1 in the Old l~minion's capital. Four hundred representatives of to- bacco and related organizations, and local, state, and Federal officials at- tended the lnnehoon. A large, colorful banner under the podium declared, "Tobacco Means Poople--Togather We Mean Business." Gee, John N. Dalton, annooneing findings of the Wharton Applied Re- search C~nter study of the industry's economic effects, said tobacco is spot-~'ble ~ more ttv~m one of every Virglala ranks second natlonaily in tobacco manufacturing with 15,870 full-llme jobs, the study shows. These employees earned over $259 million, The Old Dominion ranks fourth na- tionally in tobacco farming employ- ment, which escalates to 43,640 at the peak of the harvest. Virginians culti- vate 67,240 acres of the leaf. The four tobacco varieties grown in the state in 1979 earned an estimated $158 million for Virginia farmers. Tobacco also is a major eontn'butor to s~fET"dX'l~,~i~s,'O~i- $61 ira-Ilion, or 2.4 cents of every tax dollar col- lected, was linked directly to the leaf in 1979. "Everybody knows that tobacco cre- ates controversy," Horace R. Kome- gay, Tobacco Institute 'edaairman, said. "But too few people know that tobacco also creates cash flow and economic value measured in megastatisties." Anti-Smoking 'B last' The Tobacco Institute acted swiftly ject to The New England Journal of to counter a news story carried by a wire service after a researcher put forth personal anti-smoking views based on unpublished data. The Institute c~lled the incident 'Just another blast at smoking." The re- sesroher, Dr. William Castelli, admitted his data had not been published in any s e~, n-~dfl~ ~-dt ] riT~.. - . Castelli, diroetor of the long-term Framingham project in Massachusetts, told the Boston Globe that smokers of filter cigarettes have a higher rate of heart attacks than smokers of noafilter cigarettes. The newspaper gave the story front- page treatment, quoting the researcher that he's submitted a paper on the sub- A large sign oyer the head of Virginia Gov. John N. Dalton said: "Virginia $1,193,237,000 direct and indirect personal eompen~tion.'" 7hat was tobacco's estimated economic contribution to the Old Dominion in 1979, announced by Dalton e~t Golden Leaf ApprecindonDay in Richmond. Medicine and would submit it elsewhere if that journal r~iects it because of ad- vance media coverage. The Institute's response was dictated the same day to the Globe and a wire service. Its text: A new report on filter dga~t~es and heart unpubl~bcd--gfv~s ~'nok~i's m: general public incomplete informat.km and ma~ only confuse them, Smoking may came heart tronble. It not. The fact is that nobody on this earth knows. And there is plenW of disngrcttmmt among scientists about why and how smoking might be involved. Wben a scientist has a real contriimlion to knowledge, we welcome it. When it's Just on. other blast at smoking, we are not imprtssed. Not Just became of our special interest, but bocause the public is tmtltled to stra[ghto forward informat~n. Research ought to appo~r in r, clenthJcJoar- rods subject to ohm:tire rev|¢w by othersd- entists betore publication. When a commonly nsed product like dgarett~ Ls at inme) we ex- Ist intormM dlscusdon to take pl~'e and not dogmatic cltlms to ho made to the medin in • pro~ss or drcumventlom Conjecture abo~t the effects of t~a~:o or mkvth~ng e~e Is to be ~xp(~ted ond we nevor dispute an lad~vlduaFs r/ght to speak ont. Howeve¢~ whexl al%~wer$ to a ~)ntro~l~'y not known~ we believe words like "may" and "seem)) ~re indicated. said, "It is important to determine the ¢fft~t of lower 't~r' and nicotine dgarette~ on cardi- ovascular disease risk Ix'dnotlon." It did not say anything about the "effect" boing lm~ven. And yet the information put forward to the Globe was avag~ble to the Surgeon Genet'al Sdentlsts have argued foe more than a gen- oration about whether these Is a caus¢-mui- heart disease. ~ govermnent, the industry, and othe~ have spent ntlilhms doltsrs in res¢~treh to find faet~ And wt.~re not about to quit our pm't in light of this report. statistks by a rw~xdm" wim~ per~mal views on smoking ~re well knovm contributes or the r~l~l~lina ol'the ~:~ent~e ~natty. 2 TI~ Tdmeco Observer TI53181229

co,ng, ss, Considers Tobacco Programs ~r ~ays to trim Federal slxmdfng. But the program has the banldng of ~e Re~ Ad~nis~don. ~ieul- ~m S~ John ~ Bl~k ~lfl a news ~emnce, '~e to~o p~ ~ is not a ~fly Pm~. it's m~- i~ us ~ney .... It @~ ~ bum mp ~f the pcogr~m (~t(m car it that, bm ~ ~c~t ~ of ~, chang ~'s f¢~ for ~ sc~iee. ~ ~t ~ ~ ~ $8.3 m~I~on a or ~ a ~nd for t~ I~, but R is not cle~ yet w~ ~I ~y ~at ~e. ~ A~s~on ~so ~n~ app~v~ of a U. S. In~matlona[ T~e Commission study on whether proper tariffs arc being paid for su-called scrap tobacco being imported into the country. Also, the Administration is propos- ing to almost halve the size and budget of the government's Office on Smoking and Health and sharply curtail govern- Washington to_preslde over the demise ~ment anti--smo~g edncatinns~ tribe. ~of~h~l~a~c0 prngrmn," Se~.Jesse A. The Oflice's operating budget would be slashed from $3 million to $1.8 million. Congressional Meanures Rcp. John J. Moakley (D-Mess.) re- introduced his bill to mandate devel- opment by the Consumer Product Safety Commission of a performance standard for a "self-extinguishing'" cigarette. Rep, C, W. Bill Young (R-Fla.) again introduced a bill to make public transportation in interstate commemc reserve some nonsmoking space. Sen. Jesse A. Helms (R-N.C.) says, "'Repeat after me, there is no tobacco sub- sidy.'" He spoke to 600persons at Tobacco Associates annual meeting in Raleigh. Dr. C. Everett Keep, 64, chief surgeon at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, is President Reagan's choice to be the .,ta:bm'~ 1J//t Surgeon G'eneraL ~ notedfor his opposition to abortion and as a pioneer in surge~ for new- born infants. He used to smoke a pipe, so~t~es, but R ~lly d~sn't da- sere it, It's a money-m~ingpro~." Budget director David Stoc~ in a ~ inte~iew s~d the to~cco pr~ ~ eos~ "in ~ scale of t~ngs in the Fede~ govc~ent ~ost a neville Even ~e W~n~on Post, no ftand of toba~o, ~lls it "one of the most eost~ffective" f~ precis. (A de~il~ study of ~e p~, how it wor~ and what it cns~, is in- cluded in Sis issue.) Noah C~fina's Jesse A. Hdms (K), ch~ of tbe ~nate ~ieul- tu~ Com~tteo, in ~ ap~ on "Meet the P~ss," s~d he'd be happy to cot all "tob~co subsidies." Critics The Tobacco Observer presents information and comment on public eventS of interest to the tobacco industry. It reougnizes that them is di- versity of opinlon about toba~:.o use and that charges against tohaeco are widely ~.d~eblic~d while less attention is given to ring views, which are included in our columns. Its aim is to aid full free lind int'onned discussion in the public interest, in Ih¢ conviction that the smok- ing ~ health controversy must b¢ re- ~olved by scieatifie research. Publ~hed by The Tabacc¢ Institute Horace R. Ko~negnT. President Pa~l Kn~pick, Editor 'There Is No Subsidy' Helms (R-N.C.) told 600 persons at The Tobacco Associates annual meeting, Helms was strongly critical of media coverage of the tobacco program that call it a "subsidy?' Helms had the audi- ence repeat after him: "There is no tobacce subsidy." North Carolina's senior Senator ex- plained that it is a loan program and loans are paid back with interest. "We must never allow tobacco to be- come a political foolball," Helms said. "'When we talk aleut lobacco, we should never forget that we are talking RALEIGH, N.C.-"I didn't go to about people-hundreds of thousands ofp~l.e--who dcPcnd_onJLfor_theit livelihood." Rep. Charles Rose (D-N.C.), chair- man of the House subcommittee on tobasco and peanuts, stressed that the tobacco family must work together to defend price supports. North Carolina Gee. J .apses B. Hunt Jr. told the farmers, warehousemen, and tobacco officials at the session that some measures proposed in Congress on tobacco, under the guise of cutting the budget, have nothing to do with helping the economy. "I sometimes feel like we ate being nibbled to death in Washington," Hunt said. TI: Confident, New Direction MARCO ISLAND, Fla.-"lg81: New Leaders-New Directions" was the theme of February's annual winter meeting of The Tobacco Institute. It is a slogan referring both to the nation, with a new President and Con- grass, and to The Institute a~d tob~co industry, also with new leadership. Horace R. Korncguy, newly elected TI chairman, told 200 industry execu- tives and invited guests at the meeting that the tobanco industry is displaying great confidence in the nation's econ- omy. The industry is moving ahead, Kornegay said, with new, substantial plant construction and expansion programs. "To me:' Kornngay said, "that means confidence." Congressional Leadership Rep. Daniel Rostenkowski (D-Ill.), new chairman of tlm House Ways and Means Committee, told the TI meeting that the "l~-~ple of this country are tired of government meddling." Rostenkowski, first elected to Con- cress in 1958, said the new Reagan Administration has more pub]it mentum on its side than he has ever government regulation stifles the economy. Rep. James R. Jones (D-Okla.) said there has been a fundamental change in the public's view of the rele of government. Jones predleted that a good portion of the President's spending cut proposals wig he accepted by Congress, He urged that future Federal spending be limited to a specified percentage of the overall g~oss national product. Jonas, a tLqh term Congressman and former White House chiefofstaffln the Johnson Administration, is new chair- men of the House Committee on the Budget. Rep. Thomas B. Evans Jr. (R-Del.), one of the first Congressmen to sup- port Gee. Reagan's Presidential bid, told the TI audience that today's first priority is to revitalize the economy. "People ate frustrated over the growing maze of Federal r~golatioas which add to the cost of everything," Evans said. We need, he said, radical changes in the direction the nation is going. "It is a question of whether or not w~'re going to be able to retain, preserve, and en- hance the basic freederns that we've seeabefore. . always eajoyed in Amea'k~" Evam Other ~ speakers at the said. session also emphasized that too much Rep. Ro~rt H. Michel (R-IIL~, re- cently elected House Republican lead- er, said a new working rela~onship between the President and Congress will be beneficial for the country's economy. Sen. Robert W, Kasten Jr. (R-Wis.) stressed that it is "time to stop taxing and regulating the activities that have made us a strong nation." The newly elected Senator said he hopes Congress will restore tbe m- ward for work, investment, and savings. Pep. Don Fuqua (D-Fla.), chairman of the House Committee on Sciene~ and Technology, moderated the panel, which met in his home state. Stuact K. Spencer, well-known political adviser who managed Ronaid Reagan's 1980 Presidential cempaign, delivered the meeting's main speech. Charlotte T. Reid, former member of Congress and former Federal manications Commissioner, also spoke at the winter session. New TI lenders Samuel D. Chilcom Jr., president, and Edward A. Horrigan Jr., R.J. Reynolds, executive com- mittee chairman, attended the Florida meeting. Honored were four former leaders of TI committ~s: Ross R.. Millh[ser, Philip Morris; L'hatlea The Tobacco O~erver 3 TI53181230

CAB: Deregulate!: The Civil Aeronautics Board w~l haVe the opportunity later ~his year to cast a vote for government deregulation. The mandate of the last Presidential election should give the CAB a broad hint on whleh w~y the public woukt fike it to vote. As outlined in our page one story, the CAB is considering retiring f~m the business of telling air carriers how to regulate smoking aboard aircraft. We think that is exactly the sort of deregulation that a great majority of Am~rlcans voted for on Nov. 4. Flexibillty-that's the key to this matter. Airline management knows how to aconmmodate everyone in mutual comfort, smokers and nonsmokers. The Tobacco Institute explains in its filing at the CAB that the Board has al- ways been on shaky legal ground in regulating smoking, It could return to solid canh by deregulating. Nonsmokers will not lose by such a decision. No airline is going to antagonize a good portion of the flying public. Smokers simply want to travel in comfort, free ~stab~h t~ir own pold~ on smoking on You ~ ~t ~t ~e fl~g p~lic ~11 ~n ~t~sb w~ ~ n~er o~ by t~ ~ly e~ay ~ issue of~c ~Sewcr. Yo~ ~ent ntadsd~ on ~ sm~, and munici~ ~ on al~t~ for ~h¢ I~t fis~l y¢~ we~ ~ ¢ye~r for sure. ~r~W.~y~. ~d~, Me. ~OR'$ ~: ~ ~ you ~ i~ ~ ~ ~ ov~ ~ bison, or ~936 for Cl~m'v~-. It's have just dis~v~ se~er ~d foam it yew in~ ~d in- fo~aav~ I ~ve been involv~ wi~ t~- in some f~h~n Jo~ ~e~ty ~ K~t~ ~ntly ~ived my ~t ~k at your ~er ~le doing ~e~h for my ~ in eco~c ~phy. I f~l ~t 1~ ~ a very ifformafivo and interesting paper. It is I am a journalist for a tobacco magazine also an excellent source of information for __ £rom.harassmeat-~,in ~[f necessary, in their own_ section, in Holland and I like. to keep, myself, in . paoplc working on at~cles" , books, papers So The Tobacco Institute really is fighting for a principle. W~t~-well~f°rraed~°ut everything ~m .g:on~areolleg~ or arbor seholaflzworks. Yours iS a valuable addkion to magazlnea James&lloyd worth struggling for. And the American people told the government so with their votes last November. Separate? Equal? Ken Chumbley, a young public relations man, had his say recently onThe Peo- ple's Page of The Louisville Times, The Kentuckian told how much he dislikes smoking in public and explained his solution: Segregation. "Let's have separate but equal facilities for smokers and nonsmokers," he wrote. Sound familiar? Isn't this part of a elasslc pattern of prejudice that .aanerlea ho~ worked ~o hard to erase? We currently see dlserimhaat/on against smokers in employment and apartment rental, segregation in some public places, economic repression (through high taxa- tion), plus suffering endured by smokers because of the emotional rhetoric ot'sc,me zealots. There will always be people, Mr. Chumbley for instance, who want to build walls, who want to separate people from people. But these walls will come tumbling down, to the slow but sure music of common decency and courtesy. We know, because of an American history lesson. Glasgow, the pen city of a million people up the Clyde on Scotland's At- lantic Ocean side, has been the great success story of that nations economic history.Tobacco is the reason. Glasgow's story is detailed in The Tobacco Lords by T. M. Devine. "De- tailed" is the correct verb; Dcvine's scholarly treatment is not lueld. But try hard enough and some interesting par- ticulars appear. The tobacco trade from America to Europe, lhrough Scotland, especially in the second half of the 18th eantury lad to wealth on a scale never before imagined in Scotland;Devine writes. Glasgow was a hub for this trade be- cause of the British policy that tokacco from the onlonies first lrad to be lm:~ught to somewhere in the United Kingdom Even during the Revolutinmxy War, some Svotti~h merchants managed wlndfali profits, And after that war, Devine finds, some of the canny Scots were still able to establish, preeminane~ in the post- war tobacco trade. This despite it being easier to ship the tobacco to Europe, avoiding port, transshipment, and cus- tom charges. Devine explores how the merchants spent their money, The initiatives of these men helped create, a variety of industries in Glasgow, leading, later, to the ladustr/al preeminence of that gion, the author writes. Scotland was an impoverished coun- try when it began this tobacco trade, a section of th~ book explains just how these merchants were able to bringthe lucrative eommodity to their nation. /~vine describes who the tobacco merchants were, the organization of the trade, the Scottish totmeeo companies, and almost everything else about the topic except, p~rbaps, some of the ro- mance and adventure that must have been presenL This story of the rise of the port of G'lassow to a position at dominance in the tobacco trade is published, by Joan Donald Publisher~ Ltd., $ Mayfield Teerace, Ediabar~ EH9 I_SA. edited here in Europe. Elly Verhlmt.den Harlng Hulzen, Holland I have recently seen my first Tobacco Observer. The experience was a refreshing change: It's nice to heat the other side of thcstOry. T0bsld Hornblower Frederid~burg~ Va. Granite OW, You Enow ~ood and 'we]] that you arc kil~ing people but ff is wo~ it for 1he all ~ty buck. 1 ~ a p~ud ¢x~moker. my n~e o~yo~ m~ng list. I~ R. ~, ~at S~ F~ I~ The w,pleosantness between smok- ers and nonsmokers continues, .4 friend of ours went to the home of old ac- quaintances recently for an afternoon cocktail party, and was told by the hostess that she and her hasband had quit smoking arid would he please step outside onto the patio if he felt the need for a cigarette .... Before the afternoon was over, there were as many smokers on the patio as there were nonsmokers hrslde, but in both venues the only subject of t~onver- sation was the hostess" edi¢l. Ottr in- formant can remember when one chase one's friends because of their pMMcal beliefs or a commou interest in mnsic. books, or theater. And it depresses him that his social world is now dividing itself into angry knots of smokers and nonsmokers. One no longer asks whether a person is warm or witty, boorish or dull. Social acceptabilify has come down to whether one smokes. Our friend blames the nonsmokers, because it is they who are intolerant of him, while he milltantly defends their right not to smoke. On leaving, he told his hostess of his feelings. Her response was chilly: "1 take it I w[ll no longer be welcome in your home." "Not at all," our friend said, "but 1 ,,ill have to inslst that you step outside (f otlter guests or I want to smoke," The Los Augdes Times Editorial 2110181 T!53181231

William Kloepfer Jr.. a Tobatx'o Institute senior vice president and director of its poblic relations division. speok, v to a clasz at The Institate's "('olle.e.e of To- bacco Knowledy. e.'" The "'¢-ollege" earricah~m involves presentations on the variatL~ "11 and imlasto" activities, bwlading its varied commtmications efforts. The "'stt~dent,~'" bwhule £ey pcr~onnel.['r¢,n the member companies ¢~" The Institute, 'Everything Doesn't Cause Cancer'(?) By Loulle Cook Associated Press Writer Whatever you" do--or don't do- these days seems to increase your chance of getting cancer. Simply exist and the Hsk is there. In the past six months alone, there have been new warnings about coffee, water, hair dye, drugs, food colorings, and cigarettes. Even the air is suspect. The warnings usually stem from tests on laboratory animals. The researchers point out that in many cases there is no direct proof that a particular substance will cause cancer in humans. The find- ings are couched in terms of "possibili- ties" and "potentials." Take the latest report on coffee, re- leased recently. A study by Harvard University researebers concluded that people who drink two cups of coffee a day are nearly twice as likely as non- drinkers to get cancer of the pancreas. The scientists did not advise people to stop drinking coffee. They said only that there was a "suspielun" of a pos- sible link between coffee and cancer. You're willing to give up coffee, you say? How about breathing? Researchers at Texas A&M Univer- sity said earlier this year that they had tested the air on a Pacific island so re- mote it was chosen as the site of the first hydrogen bomb test. They found toxic chemicals-not from the bomb test, but from hexaclorobenzene (HCB), which causes enoeex in animals and i~ abypreduct of more than a dozen manufacturing processes. The conclu- sion: There is "no place on earth yo~ can g~ without findi~ HCB." Not only cant yon breathe the air, Dr. Robert H~a'is, a raember of the U.S. Council on Environmental Qual- ity, told ,~,~p.,~,,.~Miami last October that unreleab,-d studies further strength- en the link between cancer and heavily chlorinated drinking water. Cancer may be lurking in your back- ground. Dr. R. Neil Schmike of the University of Kansas Medical Center in Kansas City reported last September that there is something called "cancer family syndrome." He said the inci- dence of cancer in some families is so high that an unidentified genetic defect which may predispose people to the disease is probably being passed from generation to generation. Try to eliminate one health risk, and you may create another. Many people. for example, are trying to reduce their chances of heart disease by cutting down on cholesterol. But a January re- port in The Journal of the American Medical Association said low levels of blood cholesterol were linked to can- cer oftbe colon or large intestine. Some situations come down to a matter of which risk is worse. More than one million Americans take the drug reserpine to control high bloml pressure. Last fall, the National Can- cer Instilute said reserpine eanses can- cer in animals and is "a potential risk to mau." But the agency said the dangers of untreated high blood pressure out- weigh the threat from reserpine. But you don't have to give up on life. The National Cancer Institute says: "The outlook is not hopeless." The encouraging words are part of the intro- duction to an Institute guide on canner. The title: "Everything l:k~sn't Cause Cancer." British Study Ad Controls Don't Reduce Smoking An examination by Great Britain's Tobacco Advisory Council of six na- tions which have severe cigarette ad- vertlsing restrictions shows that the ad constraints do not reduce cigarette consumption. The study, entitled "Advertising Controls and Their Effects on Total Cigarette Consumption," was released in February. It examines Italy, Russia, Poland, Norway, Ireland. and France. The study also indicates that smok- ers in the countries with ad restrictions are slower to convert to product inno- vations, such as cigarette filters. While 98 percent of Japanese smok- ers smoke ffitered cigarettes and 96 percent ufthe Caandia~s, only 61 per- cent of the French and 43 pement of the Poles smoke filtered brands, the plays a k~/role in ~ smok~,s "about product modifications, such as lower tar cigarettes, Six Nations There is no evidence that a 1962 Italian ad ban. enacted to protect its industry from outside competition, has restricted total sales, the report says. In 1962, some 55.8 billion cigarettes were manufactured in that country. By 1979, the amount had climbed to ap- proximately 89 billion. The report says that Norway's 1975 ad ban has had no effect on cigarette consumption. In the USSR, which has not allowed cigarette ad~ for more than 60 and where statistics are difficult to tain, there is believed to have been a st~ly incre~s~ in cigarette consump- In Poland, consumption of ¢i~a,e~es has steadily risen despite a 1972 ad ban. Ireland banned "IV ads in 1971, France imposed strict ad restrictions in 1976. Yet in both nations the number of cigarettes smoked has increased, the report says. The reporl quotes a statement by an American economist addressing a worldwide meeting of anti-smokers: "Arguments for banning cigarette ad- vertising seem based largely on as- sumptions and anecdotes about adver- tising and on undocumented asscrtinas about the effects of advertising on the consumplion ufother products." It alxo quotes a recent "comprehen- sive attalysW" of the United Kip4~om's cigarette comumption over the last 20 ye~r~, in which "no evideace has ~ found of a sigaifieant association he- lag acd ~,ai cit~reUe sales.'" The lol~¢co ~er 5 TI53181232

Ladies Too Grow Golden, Leaf Patricia Hat never forgets the d~y, owned ~ ~ a ~ ~ s~ h~ tint m~ ~ '~y ~a~ in my f~ ~ s~d, 'We j~t don't ~c l~s ~ w~an Fo~un~tely, a ]~al b~ d~#ayed f~ in Mr-a ~mct ~¢ision since her fi~t lO a~s of fluc~u~d tob~o have ~ to 50 ~r~ ~ ~uisbu~, N.C., noah of R~e~h. Hm is~ust one ofa ~owing number of women w~ ~m t~i~ a~ interest in f~ in gane~ ~d ~a~o f~- ing in p~cul~. No~ ~l~a State Unlvc~ity ~at~ ~ humor of worn f~ in the nation today at well over ]~,~0, a 1,0~ ~cs more s~ ~ m a~nd ~ ~ m ~p~nt her newly know~ ~e ~e audie~ "l~k~ like I had t~e heads," she ~ls. Back in ~isburg, ~o~r wo~ tob~co ~wcr, ~i~ L~p~n, got the s~c ~nse ~m f~e~. "~at in ~e world ~ y~ doing hem7" ~y'd excla~ when p~ at f~ m~fi~ showy ~cr her husband's d~th in 1972. L~pMn, w~ in 1980 supe~ise~ the pmduc~on ~d s~c of 3~,~0 ~n~ of fluc~umd le~ on 175 ~s, is ~ong the I~gest toba~o ~we~ No~ C~lina. datione of a soE m~lysis and cut back on the fertilizer she used on a plot of land. "I got just as much tobacco and saved the cost of 1,000 pounds of ferdliz*r." she boasts today. Perhaps it's the experience they've gained managing a tight household budget that has taught these pioneer womcn tobacco farmers the valne of shopping around for a bargain. Their ability to keep rising production costs at a minimum has prompted W. K. Col- tins, a crop science exteasinn spccinlist in tobacco at North Carolina Slate, to Patrlcia Hart inherited her love of farming from her father; displays her feelingsforhermoney crop via a golden than in 1967. Unlike Binford, who, with the help say that "in any good farming opera- leaf on her collar and a belt buckle that -- Some~women who~vork-in-thc-t~hert7-year-oldsorvSteve~akes-the~tion, -the women ~are~t~nancial~proelatms~'We Count On Tobacco= bacco farm business do the bookkeep- ing while their husbands work the fields. Others are widows who have taken over the business from seedbed to sales floor. Still others oversee large tenant farming operations. Some, like Hart, simply love the land and believe "tobacco is the only crop worth mess- ing with." Throe-Headed Monster? It's not the easiest job a woman can take on. But then. it's not easy for a man either, given that tobacco, averag- ing 250 man-hours per acre, is among the most labor intensive of crops. Like most women trying to break in- to a male-dominated profession, they face the same problems as men-ris- ing costs, plant disease, and a scarcity of labor- along with a few more. Betty Lou Binford of Amelia Coun- crop from field to ancdon market, Lumpkin employs tenants, who farm the land and cure the leaf. She gives them what they need to do the farming and supervises the sale of the tobacea at auction. Nothing Personal Once the novelty wears off, other farmers lreat the women'mueh as they would any greenhorn farmer. "They used to ask me why l'm doing this," Hart says. "I'd tell them it's nothing per~onnl, jtmt doing what ] want to do." Her husband, who helps when necessary, prefers to work in town. At farm meetings now, she adds, "Business is business and that's the way I like it to be. l'm sure sometimes they snicker because I don't know the things they do .... They think we're brains." roads showing off her farms, which in Learning By Doing late February arc little more than They've learned the hard way to let frozen ground, she envisions the beanty their fingers do the walking-telephon- of the field in the spring "when it's all ing around to compare prices, planted in tobacco." "I've bought where prices arc the "l~ey've worked hard to earn a repu- highest," Hart admits. "But I've learned. The best way to learn is through doing." Binford estimates she's saved close to $2,000 in the last three years going to salvage stores to buy her chemicals for her 22 acres of leaf. "Men just deal with the same people over and over again and assume they're reasonable," she says. The women have also learned, the hard way, lhat while they may be ready for tobacco farming, tdoacco framing- especially farm suppliers-may not he ready for them. Hate's pet peeve is clothing. The jeans and work boots made for women simply don't hold up through the rigors of farming. She has to buy all her clothes in the boys' deparmaent. Supplies often present another prob- lem. When she first started fanning six years ago, Hart spent a better part of a year dragging around 100-pound ferti- lizer bags before her supplier got around to ordering lighter ones. And Biaford admits that had she not learned of the existence of 5lgpound bags early in her farming days, it might have been the abortest tobacco career on record. Pride In Tobacco Despite the dilficulfies they've en- countered, these women have one thing in common with their male coun- terparts-pride in their product and a concern for its ~ture. "1 wast to be a quality farmer," LRmpkin says. As she drives the back tation for putting tobacco on the auc- tion floor in good condition--free of sticks, leaves, and gravel. They're as- tonished at farmers who have so little regard for their work that they settle for less than the best. Lumpkin says, "After you've worked with it this long, it's absolutely ridiculous not to care about its appear- ante on the warehouse floor. It's hard enough to make a living, and if you don't have a reputation it's doubly hard." They're adamant about being present when their leaf goes up for auction and won't hesitate to call a grader back if they feel their leaf has been short- changed. Lumpkin even tries her own psychology to help the grader along- she always wears yellow when her leaf is on the auction floor, believing that the yellow in her clothes is reflected in the leaf. The one time she wore green, she claims, the grader saw that green in her leaf. And they wony. About the farm lands that am being sold to industxy he- cause farmers can't afford the inflated prices. About the ever rising costs of production that are eating into what little profits they can make. 'q'obaeco's the only money crop 1 grow," Hart says. "I've taken tobacco money to pay off grain but I've never taken grain money to pay off tobacoo. "My father always used to tell me a tobacco farmer doean't need to mess with anything but tobacco. I dldn't be- lieve him then, but I've learned." Edith Lumpkin re~,iews plans for her 1981 .flue.cured crop wlth Efli~ Thomson, who ]ms farmed her land on a tenant basis for 24 year#, Lumpkin, who began ~u- perv~sing the farms v,'hen her huzbund died, #nys he'd "turn in hi~ grove" ~f he cmdd see the mechanization that's come about in the last nine years. 6 TheTohacco ~er TI53181233

Eu ropean !Lu,ng Cancer, Comparison A W~rld Health Oq~anization exam~ ination of cancer in Europe finds a wide diff~renc~ in lung cancer mortality among the various nations. Examining the per capita cigarette consumption figures in these countries, even in a cursory way, shows no con- sistent relationship with the lung can- cer death rate. In some nations with higher lung cancer rates, cigarette con- sumption is relatively low compared to the other nations studied. The research paper, "Cancer Mor- talky in Europe;" in the World Health Organization's publication World Health Statistics Quarterly (33/4: at 88..5 per 100,0~. women had among the lowest rates, 5.9 per 100,000. The report said that differences be- tween male and female lung cancer rates continued to widen in almost all the European countries during the pe- riod studied. "Whatever environmen- tal influences were determining the rate of change," the report stressed, "they were still affecting males more severely than females." But, it said, male rates did show signs of having peaked about 1972 in high-rate nations such as England, Wales, and the Federal German 1980), examines lung stomach, large Republic. intestine, proslate, and breast cancer in 24 counlries over the 20 years from 1955 to 1974. Age-adjusted lung cancer rates for men ranged from 105 per 100,0~0 in Scotland to 15 per 100,00~ in Portugal. Marked variations were found within individual regions. The male lung can- cer death rate in Finland was more than four times greater than that in Norway, and more than three times the rate in Sweden. "'These countries," the paper said, "have similar climates, similar social conditions, and similar levels of provision of medical ~e,A~..:" _TI!_e.~ also h~ve sb"diew'Wh'a~'/a~[~,e~ of clga- retie consumption. The rates of lung cancer reported in England, Wales, and Scotland were much greater than those in Ireland. de- spite approximately similar per capita cigarette consumption. Cigarette consumption data in other European countries as reported by Britain's Tobacco Research Council in 1975 also do not correspond with lung cancer death rates. For instance, the per capita figure for Switzerland is much higher than that for the Netherlands. Yet Holland's lung cancer death rate was almost 50 per- cent higher than that reported for the Swiss. Denmark has a relatively low per capila cigarette consumption, but a lung cancer death rate up to 80 percent higher than those in France, Italy, Spain, Greece, and Ireland, all with higher per capita cigarette use. Cancer Death Rates The study found a greater increase in cancer mortality among men in almost all the countries. But there was no such increase among women. In some na- tions over these 20 years, the WHO re- port said, the cancer rate among women actually fell. Women's lung eancer death rates were much lower than tbe~e of men in every country, ranging between 10 and 25 percent of the male totals, the study said. In mo~t naticnm where men's rates were generally at a high level, the women's lung cancer death rates also Stomach Cancer Another section of the study said that stomach cancer has declined con- sistently in both sexes equally over the years studied. The generation born in the last quar- ter of the 19th century were at high risk of this disease, replaced by a gen- eration at much lower risk, the paper said. But it stressed that no one knows what causes stomach cancer nor why its rates have decreased so dramat- ically. William D. Hobby, recently retired executive vice presMent of R. J. Rey- nolds Industries. Ira:, and a 44-year veteran in the tobacco industry, is new chairman of the Cotmcll for Tobacco Research. W. T. Hoyt. ~o has been with CrR since 1954, was named president of the tobacco industry- funded research (xmncil, and Robert F. G ertenbach, an attorney most recently with the Col~'il of Better BuMn~ exe~ulive v~ce l~tMdtnt. The Tobacco Company Restaurant. hi Ri(hmond's former cammercial ('enter where, once. tobocco, cotton, and grttbl were traded, is one of the nation's most su¢ces~ftd. It serves 10.000 guest~ u wee£: t, mphLvs 250. It is in o centa~. -old to- bacco u'arehoase, and its numerous tubta'¢ a artiJltcts convey the theme that bacon was-and still is- king b~ this 1/irginkt city. It has been called a reMaurtmt that can _abnqs[ tttlal~), a~ a inll.~elOn. EDITOR'S NOTE: If you have a question about lobacco, write us. Question: Does cigarette advertising encourage nonsmokers, especially young people, to slart smoking? Answer: Cigarette advertising is. quite simply, brand advertising. As with otherconsumer products, cigarette makers use it as a marketing tool. to divide the existing market by persuad- ing smokers to try a different brand. Also, it is used to promote loyalty to the smoker's current brand. It is. if you will, a contest between brands for sales to smokers. Anti-smokers who would deny the tobacco industry the right to advertise argue that advertising encourages non- smokers, particularly young people, to start smoking. Yet, research on the ini- tiation of smoking among young people indicates a number of complex factors that combine tu result in the use of ba~co products. Several studies conclude that the de- sire to act "grown up," peer pressure, and parents' smoking habits exert the greatest influence on teenagers' deci- sions to start smoking. The 1979 Sur- geon General's report notes the diffi- culty in isolating the effect of advertising from other influences, say- ing "a variety ofpsychasocial influences may interact to influence some children to begin smoking." A psychology professor who re. viewed some 160 articles, books, and research materials on this topic told Congress in 1969 that "'a great deal of the available evidence points to the con- cluslun that, of(be factors studied, ad- versing is one of the least significant reported,'" The government official who is re- sponsit~l¢ for the dis~emination of anti- smoking i~ormation says, snccinedy, "Advextising certainly i~ not the Al~o. a~ ntm~ber of young ~ use marijuana, a product that is not advertised anywhere. Intonnad Chotcet Consumers want and need informa- tion about the products they use in order to make informed choices. Adver- tising gives them that information. But consumers, of course, cannot be forced to buy products they don't want. A physician columnist, long a foe of smoking, noted that cigarette advertis- ing allows competition for market share rather than market expansion, He sug- gested that restrictions on advertising would have no effect on total cigarette consumption. A prominent scientist in the smoking and health area criticizes the idcaofan ad ban since, with one in placaocompa- nies would not be able to tell consmnera of innovations-such as lower tar cigarettes. Youth Smoking It is a fact that some young people smoke cigarettes. Fortunately, the per- centnge of those who do is going down, as the Surgeon General noted in his latest report to Congress. The industry's position has long been that smoking is an adult custom, to be decided on by mature, informed par- sons. The controversy surrounding smoking involves many aspects of medical opinion and research that can't be fully understood by most children and adolescents. No one really understands why peo- ple begin to smoke. But most experts appear to agree that advertising is not a major influence. The first U.S. retail cigar shop, opened in lancaster. Pennsylvania, by the fu-'m of Demuth in 1770, is still in ~ Tob~v:co G~,ec~er 7 TI53181234

By Albe~t Martin O~ ~r~! A! s~a! |~ the ~H ]~ the histo~ w~ waged even th~ Dufi~ World W~ 11 tobacco, ~pc- dally ~c ni~tte, be~c a p~c~ous commodi~. So p~clous in fact that Ba~Mnain 1939 a fo~ ~po~- tnt who fit up mi#t ~ sh~owod by well d~ad men ~ting for h~ Winston Churchill throw away the butt. Proud Spaniards often scrapped with street urchins over cigarettes in the gutter. Aaross the border in Nazi-occupied France the tobacco shortage amounted to a famine. By the summer of 1941 cigarette butts were being offered for snie in the marketplaces of all the major ¢itias, and newspaper advertisements urged patriotic Frenchmen to "save your cigarette butts." Unlike the Fascist dletators- Hitler. Mussolini, France-who despised smoking as a vice of effete democranies, the Allied /eadem were prodigious smokers. Joseph Stalin (no democm0 smoked the typleal Russian cigarette: nine-tenths cardboard mouthpiece and one-tenth strong Asiatic tobaccos. Gen- eral de Ganlle, leader of the Free French, was also a cigarette smoker. Winston Churchill, however, would have notb~g to do with cigarettes; they were too small and were finished quickly for his gargantuan tastes. Churchill loved cigars, big ones, al- though sometimes they could be a problem. Yet the cigar helped to define the man, becoming a symbol of Britain's will to resist when it stood alone in 1940. During one of the heaviest air raids of the Blitz, Churchill and his aides left their shelter. They stood there, silent and invisible to each other in the dark- hess. All one could see was London burning in the distance and the burning end of the cigar in Churchill's mouth moving ns he muttered: "By God, we'll get the b~stards for this." The Ama4can leaders reoogalzed the importance of aigrettes as a morale builder early on in the war. They knew their cigarettes firsthand. Admiral ~tnest King, General Eisenbower, $~e- Harry Hopkins, President R~evelZ's ehld" adviser and trouble shooter, were cigl~ettc smokers; Oen~dal and his oorncob pipes were insapm-able. The Commander in Chief hlmsdfwas seldom pletured without his long, gant cigarette holder. Soon after Pearl Harbor, President Roosevelt classified tobacco as an essential crop and had draft boards defer tobacoo farmers from military service. Cigarettes were standard in GI field rations, along with compressed graham crankers, powdered bouillon, fruit- juice powder, and other gaslronomie atroeltJes. In the early days of the war many soldiers who had not become used to such fare threw away the food where things weren't doing so well in 1942, soldiers gladly paid 5 pesos, equivalent to $2.50, for one cigarette. A group would line up in front of the fortonate purchaser, each man taking a quick "drag" before the cigarette disappeared. Red, White, And Blue Packs Cigarettes also played a part in mill- taW operations. To keep up morale in the years before the Normandy inva- sion, RAF bombers drop~od packages of cigar¢~.es over occupied ,.u~urope, just to let the people, and of course the Nazis, know the Allies still had plenty of life [ci~ in them, On one such "bomb- ing" mission 50,000 red,whhc, and blue cigarette packngcs were dropped. In- stead of a brand name-they bore the phrase: "Victory is Coming." Cigarettes became a necessity of llfe for the GI or Tommy who w~ captured and sent to a prisoner of wan camp. When gifts of cigarettes f~omhomc were dist~buted by the International Red Cross, the prisoners promptly bartered them with the guards for luxuries, privileges, and occasionally pans to use in clandestine radio sets, la one camp for British officers the cigarette became the normal currency for smokers and nonsmokens alike. Shirts ~ged in price from d0 to 120 cigarettes, depending on quality. Camp lanodrymen advertised their services at two cigarettes per garment. Sma|l entre- preneurs sold coffee or tea at two ciga- rettes per cap. Aftur the war the cigarette currency of the POW camps was extended throughout devastated Europe. Paper money was valueless and at least one could do anmcthing with a cigarette. As late as the spring of 1947 the London Times r~otod "there is nothi~ the ciga~tte cannot buy." literally oothing, f~om fine ant~qu, to rare gold coins. In Austria, where 200 cigarettes sold for 30-40 English pounds st~rfing. approximately $200, they were more valuable ~ gold. ~ with the resto- ration of peace and econor~c stabifity did toe.coo bocome onec ~aln embellis~nt to ~e r~ther than a he- MR. TWEEDY " " baceo- in Cartoons "'Before I tellyou the secret of life, you wouldn't hnve a cigarette on you. wo~dd you?" Ti53181235

Tobacco: A orehot ,e ,Of Memories city ~w up on ~e ~i~ ~day it still ~ ~mc of ~e la~t ~ m~ket, h~bly billed "~ Word's B~t Tobac~ M~keL" D~llc, ne~ the Noah ~]ina ~er ant'hour noRh of Gmcns~m, w~ in ~c 1850's ~c pl~c w~m ~c~oo system of selling tobac~ s~. Tob~ thus is sold in pil~ lo~c Imv~,e~ily cx~in~by buys. Previously, tob~ .had b~n pmss~ into M~h~ds for In ~ville tou~s~ c~oy ~c mbac~ auctions plus ~c Nation~ Tob~ Textile Mus*um, a ~rhaps u~valed storehouse of tobacco mcmor~ilim ~he museum ~cupicwl#;~qu~ feet of a 100,00&squ~-foot fo~er ~b~co proc~sing plant in the h~ ~c old tobacco wam~ase distdcL A wooden indian (whm *]se?) ~cts visi~ at the ent~ to t~ s~-yc~- old, pfivatcly~wncd mascum. ~ lat~ Gco~c A, Mye~ Jr., a local ~I woldd ~Ol be-a~obdc, co without Sir Waiter Rnleigh. tobacco warehouseman and former president of the city's active Tobacco Association, in 1969 began the collec- tion which is on such effective display here. It has been built almost entirely It includes more than 5,~0 different brands ~f ~ includit~g ~ on~, on d~Oay in the musem's lovely, I~ m~. View Bevy Alfi~r, Bu~,and Char ci~tt~ Anot~r secdon fea~s pip~, h~ome ~e~cham to on~ do~t~ by Anw~ Sadat ~d P~ident Ford, 400 ~ ~I. O~er exhibits d~l wi~ tob~ veM~ing. ~6~ly handsome ~ ads ~om ~e 1580's. Also, them m c~tte ]i#te~--some ~Idly o@- hal- ~ the collection, ~d e~y tob~ tins ~d snuff boxes. ~e~ ~e numer- ous pictu~ of ~f-the-centu~ bacco f~todes and f~, plus colo~l ~¢m ~ a replica ~ ~e Libe~y Bell, md~ nf 3~ ~unds of tobacco, and a #abe, from 400 ~unds. We~t Vlrfllnla Hi*torlan S~u¢l W. Price, the museum's young executive director, is a West Vi~inia ~tive ~d Msto~ gmdume. On the job for 1 z]z ye~, Price, also di- rector of the city's Depmment of Tourism, h~ Mvigomted ~e museum's pmgr~ for visitor. For the p~t two ye~, D~ville h~ c~l~brated a Victod~ Danville Week- end. ~m w~ ~mbined l~t y~ with a Pdde~n Toba~ Festival. In i~ pm~er ye~, Vir#Ma Sen. Joh~ W. W~er ~d ~s ~tmss bride, EI~, attended a Vict~i~ Ball at the hundred-ye~ld ~ad station. ~e town still h~ gmce~l 18~ cen- ~ m~sJons, built by men who made • eir fortune from tobac~. Tou~ scheduled frequently during ~e y~. It's ~led M~n Street's "MillionMms' Row." Samuel Price of the museum oversees a world of tobacco memorabilia. Price hopes to attract tourists from Virginia's nearby, popular B/Ue Ridge area to Danville to see these homes, tour the museum, and watch a tobacco auction. Eight thousand people visited the museum last year; Price hopes soon to attract 20,000 yearly. It caters espe- daily to school groups, who most fre- quently ask for tobacco seeds. Some visitors wander through on their own, although a guided tour is available. Price uses The Tobacco Institute's 15-minute historical film, "Leaf," as an intrndoction for tourists. It is the "sin- gle most effeetlve piece of information that we have," he says. The Tobacco-Textile Museum is open from 9 to 5 Monday through Fri- day and 2-4 pan. on weekends. Admis- sion is $1.50 foradults, 75¢ for children. Samuel IV. Price, executive dire¢'tor af Darwille" s tobaex'o mu~eura, i~ ready for a ride around the exhibits with Biltie Ferguson. The tobacco wagon and horse were found in a hardware store. This cigarette machine, b~ilt in 1910, was once used ~n Hol~y~cu~d f~r a marie. Aba. it once manufactured ~e ~. D~ C~tte. Ga~ Grant ~e ~ s~ says the ~ine ~uld ~ce 2~ dga~tte~ per m~ute, ~d ~ t~" s m~e~, ~ich ~fac~m 4,~ a m~ute. TI53181236

Ogar Maker wrrth Spectal T~'~II|' ~ ~l~I'|l'~'~hl Ivfigene~ hi~ ex~re~on intense ~d his binder I~ of Ho~u~ .~ ~ ~ ~ ~, s~ths it wi~ ~ ~ of h~ ~, ~d ~ it ~th ~ick, s~n s~ ~his c~w~ ~en it is t~ way he w~ it, ~e way ~ ye~ of ~[ng c~ h~ ~ht him it should ~, he sel~ thee mo~ ~ves, ~e tiffed, ~d ~ys them a~p ~ b~den a le~fmm ~dor, a l~m ~e Do~ni~ Repub]~. a~ a Ha~a-s~ f~ Hond~. "It is the blending ~at mat~," he says in broken ~ish wi~ut looking up ~m ~ bench whe~ he hunc~d over a work ~le s~ttared wi~ bi~ of tobacco leav~ ~d m~ by 10,~ cu~ of~e chavem. "Wi~oot the ~t blen~ ..." ~o~n't finish th~sen~ncevbur inst~d co~entmtes on cut~ a sm~l bit of I~ to fill a hole, so ~at ~e cigar he is m~i~ ~ll p~k evenly. '~e most im~nt ~ing," he says, rolfing the tobacco right wi~ his palms, "is m~iag ~e 'bunch.' You have to ~e rifler leaves strict or the cig~will tint d~w." He ~s ~n, then adds a drop of t~lconto--tobacoo ~ue--to ho~ the bunch together, puts it into a mold and • e mold into a pr~s. ~en he is satisfied it h~ ~en pro~dy molded, Migenes ~es it ou~ ~ ~ps ~e cig~ in ~ aramaic ~ron 1~ from Affi~,~ ano~r drop of ~e ~ue, mils it ti~t wi~ ~e flat side ~ ~s cutter, t~ms ~e li~fing end ~d holds it up, ~mpleted, to ~e fluo~acem li~t. "Ah," he says, the wo~s encompass- lag amixture of emotions. "~H...." For ~at ~iet ~d exquisite moment, 73-y~ld ~genes is ~ ~ist step- p~ b~k from his c~ tn obse~e what he h~ cr~t~. O~ simply d~s not m~e a ci~, he will tell you, c~lly sweeping the le~over bits of ~bacco in~ a d~wer that is p~ of his bench. O~must have af~fing for w~t he is doi~, ~d from ~at f~ling, t~at senti- miando, ~er~ t~ c~ ado= ~e cir. Migenes l~ed ~e ci~ m~er's ~ from his father ~d knew even ~ a boy in ~s native ~o ~ t~t he had th¢ f~li~, a ~ent p~sed do~ at l~t t~= generafio~, maybe morn, "Y~ eider ~ve it," he says,li~fing ~e ci~ he h~ just ~de, bil~ws of s~ke ~und him, "or you don't." Migenes is o~ 5 f~t, 5 inches ~d w~ a s~b~ hat at aj~n~ ~gle. He ~ ~n m~ing ci~ in L~ A~s for 41 y~. ~nger ~ ~yone el~, he says. F~ ~e l~t 29 ye~, he ~ h~ his own b~i~ss, ~d ~e ~ch ~ ~ ~n~ ~do~t~ ~ ~ ~ buy ~ ~cfi~s, ~ b~v~, ~ ~ inte~m~. M~s proudly d~plays a ~r from p~y ~ on h~ ~. P~ta, the SW~'r. So de Htwry Morgtn, who #~s CoL Petter on re.vision's M*A*S*H,"~ctor D~nisWimvor. "1 could name you politicians too," he says, "but maybe they don't want to say, you know? And womcn. A lady from Pasadena and one from Beverly Hills. More and more women...." Migenes" combination factory and shop is in an old 1,500 square-foot building. It is a place rich with the ,aroma of tobacco and the music of four Cuban cigar makers that Miganea employs. They sing all day, he says, songs ~ ~d h~e ~e ~y m ~e o~ ~ Pla~ w~ ~ ~. He do~ know ~en ~at ~II ~ "~y o~ ~r~ un~ ~ w~ 93," he says, "then went into ~e heapi- t~ ~r t~ days ~d died. l lik~ him ve~ much.~t~s why I stud ~ ci~s. I w~t~ to pl~e my fair. He But, he obsess, ~ed~ ~ ~e billo~ng s~ of his ci~, he ~s not intend tn wo~ until ~mc days ~- fore he di~. He intends m travel ~d dine in fine mstn~ ~d spend t~e at ~e ~h, in the ~th that ~minds h~ somuch of Puc~o Ri~--"the Island"--sipping ~ and watchi~ ~e sunli~t on ~ from old Cuba, the scR and easy melo- dies that predate Castro, and they drink strong black coffee from shot glasses. "I treat them good," Migcnes says, "because they arc artists. You cannot find good cigar makers anymore." He names them: Juan, Lorenzo, Manolo, and Manuel, and the woman Hild& from El Salvador who strips the tobacco leaves of their stems and puts them in cylindrical cellophane containers. "We call Lorenzo 'mcdio pofio'- half a chickan-because he is_so sinaII," Migcnas says. "Lorenzo!" he calls to the worker. "How many inches are you!" "Fifty-nine!" Halfza-Chickcn calis back in Spanish, and everyone, includ- ing Lorenzo, joins the boss in laughter. "Medio pollo!" Migcnes says, and they laugh again. Migencs is in his eighth marriage and wave~. T~ likel[hnod, Migenes explains, is that he will live long because he goes to bed early and doesn't eat too much and limits himself to six cigars a day, never Also his father lived until he was 93 and his mother, still living, is 99. Miganea visits her at least once a year in San Juan. Also once a year, he travels to Florida and New York to buy the 50 bales of tobacco he uses each yeer; the fillers, the wrappers, and the binders. This is not a casual undertaking, but the mission of a vintner selecting the best grapes for the finest wines. "A cigar without good leaves is noth- ing," Miganea explains. "Where it is grown is imp#rtant and wheth6r it is in- fested with bugs. This year the entire Cuban crop had to be destroyed be- cause of bugs." Seeds of Havana tobacco, hc says, arc planted in different countries and efforts arc made to match the weather A z~u~r ~, a ~ ~k- to l~t ~m ~ a ~ c~m ~c dis~y ~ '~i~ one ~ ~e ~tT" ~e cus- tomer ~. '~e ~e y~ get ~r nothi~.'" M~en~ says, lauding ~ily at his o~jo~. H~ has 3~ ~stomem, w~se n~ ~ o~ he keeps in a t~ck ~k on a cint~d d~k, ~ th~s~s ofo~- e~ w~ eider ~me into t~ stn~ or o~er c~ f~m pla~ ~ss the countw. M~s' wo~e~ ~e about 1,2~ c~ a day ~d he sells a~ost afi of ~em. In his p~e, Miganes could roll 4~ a ~y. "My anstome~ ~* ~od f6eads." he ~ays, nodd~fl ~r ~o$¢r oos- tom~r to go into a t~m~mtu~on- t~fied hu~dor ~m to s~lect his ci~. His ci~ ~ge in p~ up l~s expensive ~ most pl~s, says, b~ he ~s ~em in bundles, not in box~, ~d ~use he does not use l~Is. '~ ~t¢ of my ci~ is my la~l," M~anes says with ~ ~od~ty. H~ adds qu~tly,"My ~ther ~ew that." "It is a g~ IFo," Miganes says, "I would not ch~s~ to do ~yt~ag ¢nt. Perhaps at oee time .... " H¢ do~n't fifish ~ sentCn~ but inste~ shm~ ~d ~ks, '~o knowsT' For a moment he s~ds ~, ci~ in ~d, s~ out ~u~ th$ big win~w in f~nt of ~s store at "I ~ ~t¢~l," ~ ~ys fin~ly, "that I hav~ had ~e f~ng." ~esu~tis onhisf~o. In~e back morn, the ~b~ ~e si~. Victor M igene: has "the feeling." He has been nmk3ng cigars in Loa Angetea for 41 years. 10 TI53181237