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SYRACUSE, N.Y. HERALD.JOURHAL -D. 120,342- SYRACUSE METRO~OLU'AN AREA APR 8 19~.0 LungAssociation talks detail " " " " " antt,smokmg fight '~Reducing Smoking Among Women and the Environ- ment"was the topic o[hls talk. He was followed by Dr. J~ Howland Auchincloss, chief of the pulmonary disease section at Upstate Medical Center, who spoke on "The Lung and the Env~ronmenL" Lung-related diseases ~ be traced back to made ah- pollution, which is largely tobacco smoke, he said. He ~en outlined the causes of ot~er lung diseases, primarily ,of an industrial., nature, Which could, be com- " bated. He said'the cotton industry in the south stubbor~ly fights any attempts to contr~.l the ca~e of an affliction reh'~ted to the processing of cotton. Also speaking briefly were Onondaga CoUnty Health Com~nbsioner Dr. Will,am Harris, and Dr.. Virginia Harris, director of the county Health Depattmegt's. maternal and child health bureau. ~ The health commissioner termed ads aimed at ~oung women as "intellectual dishonesty," as well as the to- bacco industry's claim that smoking doe~ not harm any- one. "It's disgraceful," he said. t. 1~ ItlCHAI1D PAI~IER • The cigarette ~d~s~ more money ~ a year's ~e to pmmo~ ~o~g ~ the Lung ~iafion d~ ~ db~urage IL accord~g to Jeff~ ex~ufive ~tor of ~e American L~g ~taflon Centr~ New Yor~ He w~ s~g at a l~ch~ mee~g ~te~a~ at the U~vemity ~ub justly s~ by ~e ~o~atiun and ~g W~ld H~I~ Org~on, ~ co~emora~on of World He~ Day. • Theme of ~e day ~as "Smoking or Heal~ -- Th~ Choi~ b Y~;" •. ~ ~ld ~e to~c~ lnd~ now ~ f~g ~omen and offers such "~m~c~" as s~ s~ and :jewelw to get ~em ~ buy ~g~tt~. " He ~d ~e ad~ aR quit~g ~o~g, ~ m~y. yo~g women arcing it up. ~e L~g ~a~on h~ two major f~u~, he ~d. ~e I~t b ~t~g out ha~r~ of smo~g ~ chil~en in.~ad~ ~dergarten ~rough 12. ~ ~ done ~thin ~e ~an ~id. The o~ ~p~ ~ plac~ on ~ucafing par~ to teach their ~ldren ~at smo~g ~ d~gero~ ~ ~e~ heal~ Began s~d ~eR are ~me ~Idren Syrac~e'~ea who ~a~y have s~ s~o~hg by time ~ey enter~ ~e third ~ade. He ~ld "it's a ~ble baffle" ~tween ~e ~t[-amok- ~g 8~ups and the tobacco ~d~s~. ev~ ~ough smoke~ are ~ the ~no~ty. The Cen~al New York Lung Ass~iaflon ~nds about ~80,000 a year on i~ an~-smo~g c~gn "in pr~ ~a~ of all ~n~," ~an said. Berman has urged a ~ple .to write to their s~ seeatom ur~ng the pa~age of the Clean Ind~r Air Act pa~d two we~ ago by the ~embly. He ~d that state S~ Tarky Lombardi "h~n't shown much enth~i- asm" for ~e bill that wo~d m~date n~smo~g ar~ ~ public b~ldln~. The bill work~ so well ~ ~nn~, ~man ~id, ~at it d~u't have te ~ enforc~ and ~ple ac~pted It well. T108961350

PATTERNS OF FORCED EXPIRATORY FLOWS IN GROUPS AT l{ISl( FOR CIIEONIC OItSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE. (COPD) C.G. Graves., H. Men'~,s, ~,A. (:base, B.H. Cohen, E.L. Diamond, S. Pe~mutt and M, Tockman. Johms Hopkins University, School of Hlgi erie and Pub k~c Patterns of airways obstruction have been observed to vary with different risk factors for COPD. In the Hopkins ep~dem~ologlcal study of COPD, meanflow volume loops adjusted for age, sex, raqe, smoking history, group of ascertain- ment, Pi type, and socioeconomic status were plotted. Two distinct patterns emerged. One, typified by first degree (I°~ relatives of patients with COPD, is characterized by marked decreases ~n flow at high lung volumes. Another, typified by older subjects ~s characterized by marked decreases in flow at low lung volumes. In order to describe these patterns of decreased flows, slope ratios of Mead (SR) were calculated ~ere SR = slope of flow volume curve/slope of cor~ at that point. A~ SR increases above I, it describes the degree concavity of the curve. For Io relatives of patients with COPD, SR at 35% vital capac~ty--(SR3~)~a~l.65 compmred~o I~59 ~o~l~-l~ves o~onp=Imonary patients and 1.62 for neighborhood controls. Thus, SR35 in these three groups was not different in spite of clear decreases in flows at high lung volumes the COPD relatives. Subjects in the seventh decade of life had a SR35 of 1.88 whieh differed markedly from the SR35 of 1.23 for subjects in the third decade of life. These differences in their SR35 values were associated with differ- ences in flows at low lung volumes. When smokers (S) were compared to never smokers (NS), ~ecreased flows were noted at both high and low lung volumes. Within the S and NS groups~ the patterns were different in males and f~ales. For f~ale NS~ SR35 was 1.52. For f~ale S, it was 1.58, a ratio identical to that for ~le NS. These ratios contrast with the SR~5 in male ~ which was 1.70. We conclude that the decreased flows at high lung vo~es in COPD relatives and ~okers reflect dysfunction of large ai~ays perhaps related to reactivity of thos~ ai~ays. Since males ar~ more likely to develop COPD ~th age than f~alas (even when adjustments for ~oking are made), ~ncreases in SR35 in the male smokers probably reflect m dysfunction also of ~all ai~ays and ~phy- s~atous changes in the lung parench~a. Supported In part by NIH-~LI #HL14153 and NOI-~R-12216 fr~ the ~LBI. ~EIASTOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF HL~4AN ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES. ~LR. Green~ J.S. Lin~l~ ~Z~l. Mendl and G.M. Turlno. Col~bia Univ. Coll of P & S~ New York~ A role for alveolar macrophages in the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema is suggested by their ability to synthesize elastolytlc enzymes. In this study elastase activity was measured in alveolar macrophages freshly lavaged from human subjects and in the medium of h~,nan macrophage cell cultures grown from i week to 2 months. Lavage fluid was obtained during diagnostic flberoptlc hron- choscopy. An aliquot was grown in Eagle's minimal essential medium and lysoso- mal enzymes were extracted from the remainder. Elastolytic activity was mea- sured in cell extracts and tissue culture medi~ using two specific substrates: solubilized elastin and succinyl trlalanyl p-nltroanilide (SLAPN). In 5 human subjects with locallzed Xray infiltrates the mean vol~ne of lavage fluid from uninvolved lung was 72 ml; mean total cell count was 1.7x107 cells (range l.lx I07-3'.0x107). In freshly lavaged macrophages the mean elastase activity against solubilized elastin was l.Oxl05 ~U/I07 cells (range 6.1x104-1.6x105) or 1124 /Bg cell protein (range 910-1650). Against SLAPN~ mean elastase activity was 3.8x105 ~U/I07 cells (range 1.0xlOS-l.0x106) or 3826 ~U/~g cell protein (range - 1730-9000). Elastase activity was detected in all subjects tested including 1 non-smoker and 3 individuals with smoking histories of less than l0 pack years~ one of whom had not smoked for 6 months. All culture medla, whether harvested after 1 week of cell growth or after weekly subculturing for 8 weeks~ showed elastase activity. In a typlcal experiment elastase activity against SLAPN was 36 pU/pg lyophilized used media after i week's growth and 26 pU/~g lyophilized used media after 2 months. Enzymatic a~tlvlty of the freshly lavagedmacro- phage extracts and of the culture media against both substrates was markedly in- hibited by specific active site directed chloro~ethylketone-elastase inhlbltors~ indicating that specific elastase activity was measured. This study demonstra- tes that elastase activity is present In alveolar macrophages of non-smokers as well as smokers ~n amounts similar to that detected in polymorphonuclear leukoeytes and that htmmn macrophages secrete elastase for at least 2 months in cell culture. T!08961351