Tobacco Documents Online

THE TOBACCO |NSTFTLTTE - t~75 ! STREET. Tobacco,: $57.6, Billion, To American, Economy Becmasc of the U. S. tobacco indus- try.. 2.052.000 An~ricans were em- ployed [a.st year. earning 529.9 billion. The tobacco industry, its products and related producl~ and services, con- tributed $57.6 billion to the nation's economy in 1979. neady 2.4 percent of America's gross national pFoduct. -- --These ~preliminary-figures~a'e~in ~a study, to be released next month, of the contribution made by the tobacco dustry to national and stare economies. The work was done by the Applied Research Center at the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School. It indicates that 2.5 percent of the nation's private sector employment ~excluding g~vernment jobs) is attrib- utable to tobacco. The study determined that 196,000 farms in ...2 states were engaged in bacco production last year. Tobacco touches more than 505,000 people working on these fan'as. Tobacco contributed $14.3 billion in federal taxes and 57.7 billion in state and local taxes. This represents 2.9 percent of the total taxes collected in 1979. Smokers' Comfort Upheld By Court The Iowa Supnsne Cou~ has ils smoking ~ ~ well ~ of the nona'nala~." The rul/~ came t~ a ~se bright I~ =,, 1o~= doc~ who section selt was too elo~e to The coort ruled that United Air- ~3moke~ ~ a viclory from lmea's Sulxeme ~ today," re- portal Wat~,r Croakite on CBS in the nommoki~g fa'~ rm* of a the sectio~ was '~s:mtple~ly ill, He f~ed, s~it to ~u~er the ¢ust Tobacco affects all sectors of the economy, the report says. For instance, tobacco companies purchased 29 per- cent of all sa~s of outdoor advertising, 12 percent of the nation's aluminum foil. and 8 percent of all magazine ads. Katherine G.in. a young North Carolina farmer, doesn't kntm' ih but tlw leaf California is the state to which to- ~sw~otds helped-comribrrre-$57;6 billion~Ameriea~s e~onomydn 1~79~.c<~rd~_ bacco contributes the most. according ing to u stttdy of the tobacco b~dttstO, 1o be released next month. to Wharton. More than 23.700 people work in that state in jobs directly related to to- bacco, its distribution and sales, and the support industries which supply the manufacturing sector. There is no tobacco manufacturing or farming in the state. Some 177,600 more people work in California because of the indirect, or ripple, effect of the tobacco industry. Thus, 201.30~ people in that state are paid more than $3 billion because of tobacco. The Wharton study is the second sur- vey of direct and indirect economic contributions of this industry. The first, released last year. focused on 1977 statistics. The Applied Research Center worked in conjunction with Wharton Econometric Forecasting Associates in developing the study. Chicago Police Indicted In Smoker Beating Death Three Chicago police officers have been indicted for murder for allel~ly beating to dea~ a man.who refused to quit smoking a cigarette on an L train. Richard Ramey, 52. died only hours after the alleged beating. "'His legs were broken. This he d~dn't get by falling." the Cook County med- ical examiner told a news conference. "He had bruJscs all over his body. There was a small fracture in his neck. He was beaten and it was severely. He was really The state's attorney called the case "lhe most blatant use of excessive force I have ever seen." The medical examiner ruled the death, from cardiac arrcst, a homicide. He said Ramey did have a high level of alcohol in his blood. The officers chafed with murder were part of the city's mass transit unit. They were w~'ing civilian ciothes when they apprmched Ramcy, asking him to put out his cigarette. "A black man smoking on an L train ....Within hours, the black nma is dead. 'q'hat scenario . . . has ugly over- tones, echoes of an ugly p~st." said Chicago's WBBM-TV, in an editorial. Cont.m t~j.a Report To President: Cancer Up But- 'Cigarettes Not Chief Culprit' WASHINGTON, D.C.-A major new federal report to the Presklent. in- volving three years" work. indicates that the proportion of cancers scien- tists attribute to ¢ig=u~tte smoking may be decliningdr-am=tically. The report takes dend aim at the conventional wisdom, espuused by some voluntary health associations, that if all cilarette smoking were ended cancer rates would significantly It said. "'Nonsmokers get lung can- ce~ in fact a d~mbting of this disease in one decade has been reported among nonsnmkers.~ creased I0 percent for white AmerJ- u~l I~ ~be report. I~ by the in= sentence alxmt the report, said: "'The nation's cancer rate is rising rap- idly but. contra~ to popuiar belief, ci~rettes and processed foods parently are not the chiof culprits.'" Robert Harris. a biologist with the Council on Environn-g.ntal Quality who helped Ixepare the repot, toki the California newspaper:. "Whatever change is o¢corring pears to be due more to such things as air pollution, occupational factors. volatile carcinogens in drinking water. or some comb/nation of all these, than either cigarettes or diet." Su~een Garmral'a Role The ix'oportion of cancers associated said. Smprlsingly. the repun says there was a decrease in the percenta~ of claimed cigarette-related lung cancer among wom~n during the studied. ~ directly confl/cts with the 1980 Surgeon General's report on "'The Health Consequences of Smoking for Women." Ironically, the Sur~on ~ was a ag'mber of the comm':ttee developing the new toxic substances The Surs¢on Gereral's o/See e.al~d the fi~ures in the new report sumpdons" and claimed they do not conflict with its report on women sia~. a slmk~ said. la~t~ ~ the actual number ~ ca.,~-r cases is Ti53180853

Wharton: & ,u,-,,,,,nuw EDrrOR'S NOTE: An Finnel was principal invesdptor for Wl~'ton's study of the lobar.co i~c~"s ~c~ nomic ~n~bu~n to the radon, i~ 50 smt~. ~ ~ Dis~¢t o~CoMmb~ ~e To~ ~er qu~ Fin- nel. w~ wm insensible for ~- ~nt ~d dimdon of the p~ject. Tobacco means jobs. These tobacco workers are in Selma. N.C.. and all across America more than 2 million people are employed becaase of tobacco, a net,. independent suuty will report next month. Wharton Pamphlet Due In September A summary, of the national data from the study of toba¢co's con. tribution to Aw~ri~ is being ~ in pampMet fiarm. The booklet, and o~hers sum- marizing the nine detailed state studies to be available later this year. will be mailed to "l-ro sub- umbers, to federal and state officiatso selected news media, and the pamphlet ¢ollectkms of public ~ eccmometri¢ study Research C.eater. Copies ~ the S,,m o,:kers Victory Smokers sang "God Bless m pO~e ~ two of thdr cog. letO.s in wh~ tr~ltiomny wm a But th~ incident had a happy tinting when Framh G~, ovation, that smoking may "We~ ~ ~,~ G~ New~tay sakL dur~ t teme tm~. the two m~i~t. dry." FTC Tests CO The Federal Trade Commission has begun tesdn~ cigarettes for carbon monoxide yield. The federal ag~rmy ex- Ix.ors to report results within six months. The FTC has been testing tar and nicotine yields since 1967. It has veloped a $50.000 rn~hine, using infra- red detectors, to test for CO. The Tobecco Institute, in ar~wer to media inquiries, said: "'As sugge*ted by the Surgeon General, the significm~. of carbon monoxide in tobacco smoke is speculative. "The Federal Trade Commission's decision to ~ it is entirely volun- tary on its ~art. and certainly do~s not represent any decision by competem health authorities." Price Supports Attacked

In amrtber Chiea~ police m~. that ¢hy mcmty ~ w pay $69,5~ in d~s to 191 worn w~ were st~p~d a~ s~h~ by ~l~e ma- trons ~tcr ~ving ~en ~ted for such mi~r offends ~ t~¢ viola- •ceept the m~: I~ ~ ~ m pu~ue the m~cr ~ ~ ~- Union. ~nducted e~n if ~,ficc ~d not sus- ~t t~ ~men w~ co~ling weap- ons or n~tics, a~ording to • ~m- plaint filed by the U.S. Justice Document. Chicago's Smokers Were 'Strip Searched' By Cops EDITOR'S NOTE: The testimony "And 1 said. "You'ro putting me repro<ht('ed here came from tile 65- under the most embarrassing thing reur-~ld w~/'e efa Chha~o judee, that l've ever gone through in my 5he uas strip ~earched qt'ter on el- llfe. l'm embarrassed, humiliated. -- ~,rc2itk~t~n'ith a-cob drive.~.The- and l~rdt know~vhaLlcLdo,~AIXL __ __ __ American Civil Liberties Unkm cml- firms th(tt other n'otoelt were strip seen'hod bl Chh'u.~,o r~er ~,ing tt~ rested for allexed[y atno~g <'&o- reties on pnblh" transpomttkm. The jttdqe's tt'~e tom her su~o" u~ ten Illinois legiskttive conmtittee. and the $lat~ ~absequent~v utttkttt'ed wrip ,~earches. The testbmnO" ap- peared in Notional ~lu" dourmd. "'[The police matron] said. "Pull off your boots." "1 said. "What is this for?' ""Don't ask any questions. We ask the questions, Pull off. Do what we ~ell you to do." "So I pulled off." "'All fight, pull off your bra." "'l said. "1 don't understand this at all. I've never heard of such a thing.' "'Pull it off. lady." "'And then they began to fe~l me over. ""All right, now pull down your slacks." "'1 said, "I'm not going to do this. What is this for?" Another big po- licewon'm.n came out then and said. "Are you having trouble?" and she said, q'he lady doesn't want to cooperate.' "'And I pulled down my slacks." ""Pull down your pantyhose. All right. Squat: T,,b~.c-o at~d Hearth Res~ pr~-,~. He ~,'~ due ~ ~ I became hysterical. "'And she said. 'Squat lady, Spread your legs." And I did it. "I-~n she said. q'urn around.' I turned around. "Bend." I bent. And she said, "Hold your cheeks.' Well I couldn't understand what she meant. and I held my cheeks [the cheeks on her face]. And she said. "Lady. hold your butt." "And I don't know if I held it or she held it. 1 was mortified by this time. Then they were 'through with me. put me in the c¢11 and locked up and 1 was there from 1:30 to 6 o'clock. "It was just the most horrifying thing that I had ever gon~ through and i could not tell my h~. ! could not tell my family. I ¢oukin't tell anyone, it was such a trsumatic thing to me I couldn't even talk about it." I am a nonsmoker who is becomi~t, annoyed. I'm not bothered by smokers. I'm annoyed with anti-smokers. They attempt to include me. a mnsmoker. as one qf them. I am not: I'm tired of hatqn~ to explain to my smoking friends that I don't mind ~ they smoke--thor I'm not to'ing to car- rail their smoking in ai~lanes, res- taurants, or other public places--and thin ! don't think I'm better than they are just becatt~e I don't smoke. 1 exe~ ~e my ~monal ~ok'e at~ I expect th~ to do likew~e. Most ¢~ my ~en~ a~ non~mokers. I're been ~line them for ,~e~. 1 can't find e~'en ~ who objects to ~eone else ~o~ng. M~t of them n~old prefer o smoke-filled ~ tO u Cal$~mia smog. oaf dt~'. ~t~o u~ doln~ the c~tn~ a~ a Toxicity member ~ cit. s~d this ~nion ~ ~pmv~ by other key NCI ~Ends~. ~mm~al I~1~ -Man~ toxic c~mi~ts ~ a si~i~t ~UmC of d~th ~ di~c in the U.S. t~ay.- Gus S~, char- on of ~e Cou~il for Envim~enml Q~lib' ~d in rel~iog t~ ~. "'We csfi~t¢ t~ ~c~t~ ex~ su~ to e~im~m is a f~mr in th~ 20 ~ment of~l Chemic~ p~uction i~rmed v~t- ~ i~ l~ 195ffs mid crease ~ be ~e comeq~cnce of Some scienti~ w~ o~e ~ie~ ~ ~. Nicholas Pot~e J~es A. G~. Noah C~ffna Co~issioner of A#cuh~ cail~ the re~ a "'~sitive step for t~ bmco." "'For t~ long.'" G~ ~id, stay sm~ with t~ sup~sifion tittles we~ ~e ~- c~ of ~r a~ did lit~ m~ c~s~ of t~ di~.'" The~ ~ no public ¢~ent f~m the t~ceo indust~.. Oregon Anti-Smokers Fail; Votes Seen In Calif., Dade Oregon and-smokers failed to obtain enough signatur~ on petitions to place a memure to restrict public smokingon the eloetion b~liot, Oregon's Sccreu~y of S~a~e. Nomua Paulus, said that the anti-smokers sub- mined petitions confining 50~46 valid signatures: 54.669 were needed. Votes raight occur, however, this year in one state and one county where the electorate previously had r~iccted anti-smoking initiatives. California g~oups collected enough signatures to place on the November ballot a proposal to reqalre no-smoking and smoking sections in all enclosed public places, including places of cmploymcm. The pn~ac~al is a rewritten version of a measure voters defeated in 1978. tf this proposition, number 10 of 10 on the b~liot, p~sses, it becomes law. "We're su'on#y opposed to this," said Tobacco Institmc ,Senior Vice President Jack D. Kelly. "People don't need unnecessary government intru- sion." The proposal is k~ded with hidden taxpeyer cas~s and uni~r and mislead. ing requirement, accordir~ to the or- A$~mt Rei~latory Excess. t'mmed to Anti-smoker~. under the banner of GASP (Gmnp Against Smokers" Pol- lution) apparently have collected enough signatures to pl~cc a mea..~ut~ to restrict public smoking on tho ballot. The signatures, however, are being challenged by a restaurant ~1 hotel group, it might be severai weeks fore the status of the initiative is known. and it could end up on the October runo~or November election ballot~ Meanwhile the county cornmlssion- ers in Sepmmber will consider a com- promise measure pro~x~ by a coali- tion of health and business le~a%-~s. It is possible that this measure could be placed on the ballot also to provide voters a choice. GASP's proposed ordimmce, for in- stance, would r~quire restaurnn[s to set aside half their seating sp~'e as nommoking. The ~compromise" or- dinance allows rest~ur'~nls more free- dc~n in d¢clding how much Sl~Ce to set aside. in May 1979 Dad¢ voters defeated a public smoking restriction initiative. Violators of the eurrem pro[x~d could fate S200fines. The Mi~wai Herald said. in an edi- other I~intless referendum on a sub-

Government 'Truths' Was the emperor without clothes? Emp,~or Joseph Califano Jr.. once the g~vemment's anti-smoking standard- bearer, made many accusations against tobacco. We thought many were outrageous.. The Tobacco Observer consistendy tdcd to obtain backup material from the government documenting Califano's claims. Certainly a public figure should avoid rantini about tobacco (or anything) without adequate supporting evidence. Appammly Califano didn't need his "facts" confirmed. In a major policy speech in 1978 announcing his anti-smoking effort. Califano said that "in a major urban area on the west coast. I out of 20 children 11 yem-s of -- -- -ag_e3s smoking,Just_one_year older, at age 12. this figure skyrockets to I out orS." The Tobacco Observer is concerned about t~moking, lrbas always~empha- sized the industry's viewpoint tha~ smoking is a custom appropriately limited to adults. It asked tot documentation of these teen statistics. -We have no dam to support this;" admitted a government official at the then Department of Health. Education. and Welfare after two years of Observer efforts to obtain the information, Nor are there supporting dam for anoiher Califano claim. In a speech in the summer [979 to the Fourth World Conference on Smoking and Health. Califano said "'Our su~eys reveal, .. that teenaSers choose the most widely advertised cigarette brands at rates up to three times that ofaduk smokers." "We have not been able to substantiate those quotations from a speech by for- mcr Sccreta~ Califano." subsequently wrote an HEW official to "The Observer. "To my knowledge." she said. "'such data have not been prepared to date. and the exact source of the Secretary's statement is not known." The media, of course, do not quiz ibe government in this way. They grabbed what Califano said, used it in headlines, and went on to the next press conferc.nce. These two examples should.be a sm3ng warning that w~at the government says about smoking is not always what its fa~ts say. The Observer should not be the only one of the emperor's subjcct~ to see through his new cloth¢~. Smokers: No Rights! On a scale of 10. we're going to give James J. Lightsey of the Civil Aeronautics Board a 9 for plain talk and a 0 for tact and c~nmon sense. Lightsey is in charge of"community a~d Consresskmal relations" for the five- member federal board. Read what he said recently to The Atlanta Journal: "'Smokers have no Hght to a smoking seat, and we would not give themon¢ even with an advance reservation, and no maimr what time they board, Under our rules they have no right to .smoke at all.'" Some of the folks in Washinston. D. C.. running our lives are elected. Voters can and do dispose of them occasionally. Others. like Lightsey, are appointed. We're stuck with them. Pity. You mike me feel the full wetlht ot my 70 .veils when ~ indk:ale that ~;~3ody m The ~ns=it~[e remembers Richmond and m~ive si]v~ civic ~ pm~c~ wizh • m~ "~u~ish side, Vi~z z~z" by we)l~ ~n to z~ir fde~. Unlike ~ ~ TuN skys. Sl~t~u~ ~v~ ~ iz ~ve~ of E. ~il]ips O~im ~ K~p up I~ ~ w~. Our clone indust~ ~ds a ~itive ~izion ~ your t~ty ~ a p~m. T~se ~ ~at ~ ~kinl ~ de~ tell m) child that. t~- £om.l ~. N~ Y~ @~ ~ ~ting your d~s~ti~ h~k. PI~¢ m~v¢ u= f~ yo~ list of sup~- e~ ~ for ~lm~. K~F.U~ ~y~, W~. ED~OR'S N~: We.~'t w~t to ~nd ~e ~ zo anyo~ who ~ not w~t it. P~ let us k~" {~ y~ would like y~r su~nptmn ended. Snadley Klabberhorn Lives To Age 103 8y $1~ve Mltd~ll Once upon a tlm¢ there was a man named Snadley IGabberhorn who was the healthiest man in the whole wide world. Snadley wasn't always the healthiest man in the whole wide workl. When he was young. Snadley smoked what he wanted, drank what he wanted, and txerclstd only as a young Lothario. He thought be was happy. "'Life is absolutely peachy," he .was fond of saying, *'Nothing beats being alive." Then along came the Surgeon General's report linking smoking to emphysema. Snadley read about the g~at tob=~o scare with a frown. "Life is so peachy thai there's no use taking any risks." he said. So he gave up smoking. Like most people who went thmegh the problem of giving up smoking. Snad~y bemtme more interested in his own health. In fact, he became fas. clna~d. And when be re~[ a Women's Christian Temperance Union tract which pointed out that =dcohol caused liver danmSe and brain d~mage, he gave up alcohol and drank diet colas instead. At le~t he did until the great cycla- "~There's no sense taking any risks, he said. So he switched to sugar-sweet- ened colts, which made him fat and c~used dental cavities. On realizing this. he renoonced sodas in f~vor of milk. choleslerol sca~. St~llty ~e ~@, ,milk. To avoid c~ lesteroL whic~ cat~es arteriosclerosis. each otto-. Emestin¢ introduced him to homegrown wheat geom. macro- biotic y~n. ~ ~ su~otmh, ~y we~ ve~ ~y ~ting this dish ~ t~a~y. ~y we~. ~t is, until t~ ~t color televis~ ~. "'If color ~levis~n ~ ~v¢ ~tion. t~m's ~ ~i~ ds~.'" S~y ~d. "'~ ~1. we still ~ until ~ ~ ~11 ~ ~ng that ~ Pill mi~t cau~ ~i~ ~s. ~ lin@~g sy~ht~y. E~tim pm~tly up ~ ~11-~ S~y. "~'s S~ ~ 1~ with his~n~ He w~. ~at is, un~l ~ ~ t~t 1.3 ~mnt o~ MI ~ ¢vew tuMIy ~ mn over by a ~k or bitten by~. He t~n mti~ m a ~b shelt~ in hk ~ky~ (m avoid ~ng hit by a ~t~Hm). i~ ~ Mr pu~r ~ next 63 y~ doing Roy~ C~- di~ Air F~ exe~. "'Nothing's mm ~t ~ ing ~ive." M ~d p~dly ~ ~hing 103. But ~ never dM ~y ~ that life ~ ~lutely ~hy. WARNING: Being ~ive ~y h~us to y~r ~. The Tobacco Observer presents informm~ =rod commem tm public events of interest to the tobacco ktdustry. It ttmot~nizes t~t the~e is all- that char~s ~ [o~t~o art: widely publicized wh~ less attemkm is riven to dil~e~n~ vicv~ which ~re included in our iaformeddiscussim in the pubt~: inter=st. V&L~ w~ Ci ~ TI53180856

'My Uving ,:~nplid~-~nt~ ~ ~ llli~Tm Ac~on Ne~ S~te Dieter ~ niv~ ~ E.J. Re~ol~ (~ his n~ ~ to ¢~ mils of HliaoisTAN. ~m~hip d~ve k~ ~ ~t E.N.T,~R.-en]ist newTAN Now t~ ~w ~sis~t divisi~ a~¢r [or Reynolds" G~ ~r for vexing in Chino. His ~ w~ch of ~s ~n~ ~ yel to =~II in TAN ~ to ~ve ~ ~- ~hip ~s w~ ~ ~I~ on ~ to "~ll ~m ~ ~ ~ of~ning." ~'" ~¢it~ low~ TAN ~ his h~ ~II t~ ~0 ~m~. "He c~ t~ TAN. He's m~ly co~ined." "I m~e my living with ~ ~ys. "A~ l'm not is Tobacco ~e ~p of ~ i~ ~y'll s~ ~th one issue ~ ~ on to ot~.'" A ~n recently t~k ~ life- Tom Schenone lime Chicago resident, his wife and two children to Indiana. Once he's settled, he hopes to become just as attire an Indiana TAN volunteer as he was in Illinois. He sta~ed working with Rey- nolds immediately a~tcr gmduating fmm DePa~l University, and tobacco "is something I believe in and I think others ought to betieve in too." ~lter=u~l.~khzals, The TAN I)~i~=o~y • Every tdolt dti=e= should h=ve the b~dc right of freedom of cho~ to nud~ up theh. men mind~ a~ ~ how they wmt m ltv~ theh" Ilws. • That gm~erlnmt hm already gotte too gar imo areas which are beg left to way by i~, amoag then~elve~ at~tng with other. "["¢)¢ tit~¢ is ~ult: Seren Countries: A MultivaHat¢ Ana~ of Death and Co~na~" Heart Dise~, And its ~ is ~t si~l~6c ~r one cu~ndy ~ by. ~ ~he ~ H~ ~n. But Ancel Keys" "'meticulously p~ ~ ex~u~" ~ysis, "'awe- ~ in i~ d~s7 of h~ dis- ~ in ~ven ~n~s ~ will, ~thi~ el~, c~le~e conventual wi~om's ~ ~ quot~ ci~ ~ve ~leton B. Ch~. M.D., w~ study t~s to de~e t~ ev~li~l hyste~of~ w~ w~ lieve ~ ~ a ~ e~F~- n~ di~e ~ a life ~ ~a or ~ ~ ~'" Ch~ ~in~ ~ ~ only ~ of t~ ~1~ ~sk ~ ~ifively ~ to ~ ~i~ of ~mn~ di~in ~1 ~l~i~ i~. ~e~ ~ ~ b~ p~re ~ t~ ~e~ in~e of ~mrat~ f~ Keys, ~ int~ t~. smd- i~ 12,763 ~n. ~ ~59 ~t of ~h, in a wide v~ety ti~ ~ ~ wo~ over a is ~y p~y~g a m~ ~ i~ the d~i~ of ~h p~." Keys =ml smoking to be much ~ss ~t risk f~r ~r ~ ~ in ~em E~ ~ in ~ Umt~ S~ ~ o~rm of Eum~. In J~, Keys f~nd ~, si~i~t d~ ~ s~ ~ ~n- s~ke~ in d~ rams. ~gh he ~ u~e ~tion in indurating t~e ~ of ~vy ~m; 41.5 ~r- cent of ~e ~n ~k~ ~ ~t 20 ¢i@~ ev~ ~y. a ~r swear, Key writes. In ~n~t to ~ent A~ H~ ~t t~ ~ evi~ ci~tt¢ Keys ~s ~ ~ ~ns, ~ ~w to p~- vent i~ ~ c~p~ qmfions. ~iv¢ H~ ~. ~ R~I A. S~ ~d in a ~ ~h effo~." [A Commonwealth Fund Book, Seven Count~e~ is ~blish~ by H~- v~ U~v~ity M~.: 19~.] William D. Toohey Jr.. director of media relations for The Toba=co insti- tute. in letters to Washington. D.C., and Minneapolis n~wspopers, said: "In all the year~ of intensive, dedi- cared r~earch, no ingredient a~ found in tobacco smoke has been d~mon- stinted to be the cause of any human "Although not gener~ly recognized by the public, the case asainst smoking is based a~most entlmly on inferenc~ drown f~xn statistics .... " "Statistics do not explain why the great m~jority of smokers never de- velop the diseases "associated' with smoking. Nor do they explain why some nonsmokers develop these same "If the hypothesis that smoking cat~es lung ~er were tr~¢. one could reasormbly expect to find more of the disccs¢ i~ ¢ountde, whe~ more cisarettes are smoked per "'But d~t do~n't always happen, Fiaiand all mpon higher lung cancer Umcod ~. Cam~ aad Ausa~ia.'" 'Tin sick and tired of the self-right- eous bell.v~ching from people who don't smoke. The only reason they're not mrmi~ areend in white ro~cs and 8olden halos is simply because they haven't thought of those props yet." dana Bommersbach Article in: New Times Weekly Phoenix.Ariz. 6118180 "Smoking cigarettes is as intimate as we can become with fire without inunediate excruciation. Every smoker is an embodiment of Prometheus. stealing fire from the ~ and bring- ing it ba~k on home. "We smoke to rapture the power of the sun, to pacify Hell, to identify with the prln~xdial sl~'k, to feed on the marrow of the volcano .... " "When we snake we are perf~n* ing a version of the fire dance, a ritual as ancient as lightoingY Torn Robbins Esqoire maga~ne 7180 T!53180&57

,, | nst tute Me, rs "q&'hen the ~ Ixm-m,a~- fads. it'son~- natuzll to ~e ~ ~it~n h~t e~O' ~ at ~e. ~t for ~ ~ ~. ~ c~ a m~h biD~ p~ ~ it ~ to ~r ~ ~4nler~,.. don't we We a G~ ~ ~ilip Mo~ ~ UnivaC, Mt~auk~ M~h 31, I~ Ot~r To~co Institute mem~r compani~ the ~nt~¢nts txp~sstd by Philip Mo~s' chai~. ~cir ~o~ of sup~ for ~¢ cities that ~ve ~n t~ir homes for d~es is d~d a proud ont. U-S-TOBACCO From its headquax~rs in Greenwich, Conn.. U. S, Toba~co Company has this year targeted for support a local h~pital, library, counseling service, and inner-city Boy Scouts, When the Greenwich Hospital b~gan a fund-rais- ing campaign to expand and improve its facility, U.S. Tobacco pledged $250,000 in yearly incre- ments of $50 When the Greenwich l~brary started a campaign. "l~se the RooE'" to add a second level for upward expansion, U. S. Tobacco pledtrcd $50.000. .~ach year, procc~:~ from the Greenwich Pro-Am g~lf tournament, at" which U.S. Tob~:co President Louis F. Bantl~ is a co-founder. ~ designated for k~:ai charities. Last year the Gru-~nwich Fmnily Center. a counseling agency, received $45.000. This year lm-oceeds will go to another counseling service. the Greenwich Hot Line. To ~lp encoumg~ infom~-d decisions at the polls in thel~Jovcmher o|ections, the coml:~ny is sponsor- ing a series of informational and educational break- Air F, oec~ I~¢ ~1 ~ xin~de~e ¢~zc'~a- Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp. Petersbar.e branch manager R¢~." Hawkins fat pulpio spea "ka to employees° their,families, and the Gillfield Bapti3~ Charch can~regadon ut a Good Neighbor~" Da.v 3emice organized by tl~e church. The ~ervice c~mP memorated~l 9 ~.. ears~of ~,ood-will-bcm~een-the-- Outrch and the company, which is its next do~r neighbor. f~t meetings with Connecticut Congr~sional candi- dates. Senatorial candidates Christopher J, Dodd and James L. Buckley have be~n scheduled for two such me, tings, as are other area candidates. The Fairfield County Boy Scout Council. ofwhich Bantle is a board member, highlighted its fund.raising efforts this year with a "'phantom dinner" on the phantom date of Jun~ 32. Funds from the dinner that n~ver was were targeted for centrahcity Scouring programs. Greenwich city limits arc no( the houndarics for U.$, Tobacco's charitable efforts. This year the Winter Olympics at Lake Placid received more than $50,000 f~om th~ company for ~nor~ncy medical equipment and supplies during the games. That equipment is now a permanent pm'Z of the International Sports Training Cc~ztcr b~ing devel- oped at Lake Placid as a rosuh of the gangs. U.S. Tobacco aim is actively involved in com- munity affairs in the eight states in which it has man- ufacmring facilities, as well as in civic organizations. col .L-ges and universities, and charities throughout the countw. Whether playing a role in the restoration of the Opera House in Lexington, Ky., donating a building to preserve an historic area of Winston-Salem. N,C.. donating keypunch machines and personnel for Louisville's crusade for children telethon, or being the largest supporter of the United Way in South$ide Virginia. Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp. has pledged to "lay a foundation for hetterm~nt and growth" extending beyond its own employees to the people in the communities in which it operates. Although the extent and lyp~ of involvemen~ varies by location, the statement by Chzrles I. McCany. chairman of the board and chief executive of~-cr, earlier this year when discu.~ing the party's fund for the arts camp~i[n in Louisville, is tTpi~J of B&W's fo~linss about plant city in- vo|v~z~nt. ~Contlnuaxion of the high q~m[izy level at" the arts in Lou~'dle is of vi~ in~ lo all of ~. We. o~r f~mT~s, our cusmcner~, and o~r budnes~ as~ei~tes A hand-propelled tricycle for handicapped children was des(c, ned and built by employees erR. 3. Rey- nolds To,wee Co. in lheir Whilaker Park machbw shop. Soppo~ for employee :nirialives withb~ tb~- c~mtmiD, is an important element of R~vnold, s co,orate res~nsibiliO, prod, ram. h[~ ~1 students ca~er p~s, ~d to h~lp the sch~ls ~ smt~ ~vcmmcn~ cv~uate ~don. Ni~t~n y~ of s~ng ~ship a~ f~ilitie~ w~ cc~bmt~ in Pcte~, Va.. ~ntly. w~n Gill~ld B~list Chu~h cond~t~ a "G~ Neigh- ~" Dzy'" ~e for ~p~y~ of izs ~xt~r- ~igh~r, a ~W p~t. "W¢ ~ve di~ov~ a co~mte ethic ~sines, ~o~hip,'" ~xpl~ned ~e thumb's ~tor, the. Roy. Gmdy Powcll, But Powell ~d the ~]ad~hip ~tween churck and pl~t g~ d~r ~ ~W is ~ I~t crop,yet in Pcte~bu~. "'in ~li~on. spidt~l h~lth is b~ on ~o~mic ~ahh. ~¢ is t~r. ~t han~.'" ~th ~lel, I~t y~'s ~ie~f-the-ye~ on w~n's ~fe~ion~ ~ff ci~uit, dethmn~ ~o- ~me win~r N~y Lo~-Melton Lo~l~'s t~ ~n~l GoWn Lights t~nt in P~s from the $125.~ event this ye~ went to t~ ~ys C~bs of W~tc~er C~nW. i~lud- ing t~ in N~ R~hel~, Mr. ~. ~ Mr. Vein. A ~o~ l~t~y c~wd of 20.~ ~w Dani¢i wln ~z a f~r~zy loml of 2~7. To~ a~d~ce f~ the t~nt ~ ~ W~I C~ C~. N~ ~-Mel- C~H.~~~~. TI53180858

nsib, ility To H,ometowns 4n ec'staliC Beth Daniel accepts the winner's lrophy t?om Lorillard President Curds H. Judge. for win- ,ring lhe 1980 Golde~ ~k, hls Championship. The Sayeth Carolina nalive ~i~hed u'ilh ~troke victoD'. Proceed~ fr~ the Iou~amem ul the B~vs Clnbs of Westchesler. 14 kt. ~ld winn~'s ~allion ~d t~phy, her fi~l-p~e ch~k. "'Any time we c~ help ~nldbule to l~ a¢com- plish~ of such fine o~ani~tions Clubs of W~tcheslcr ~ whal we do t~l much Urban development through the ar~--a f~sh proach m the problems of central cities--was the philosophy hehind R. J. Reynolds' $1 million gill last year toward a new civic plaza in its headquarters city of Winslon-Salem. Including a new performing arts facility and visitor information center surrounded by parkland, the Winston Square project "should b¢ an economic and artistic boon to the downtown arca. henefitting residents and visitors alike," J. Paul Sticht. Reynolds chairman. ~aid. The contribution was one of many that earned Reynolds a national "Business in the Arts" award for the third swaight year in 1980-and prompted the Norlh Carolina Human Relations Commission to nazr~ it "Industry of the )"ear" in ! 979. Reynolds' contributions of nearly $400.000 to the Independent College Funds of America (ICFA) henefined rome 770,000 students and made the com- pany the nation's largest corporate contributor to ICFA. Contributions to higher education also include a unique arrangement with High Point College. which conducts classes at Reynolds" headquarters for of the company's employees. Thu~, full-time era go to school a,qer hours to earn their college de- ~ees. t uition4"ree. ~egro College Fu~ bri~ R.IR's total s~l~pon }a ~ ~ lhe f~ktal ~ramem's c~iJ for ca- Gertrude Vanderi?.ih Whtme~. Award in recognition of his pan at Philip Morris "iN acl=eving a ieacl- crship role as a corporate patron of the arts.'" The executive vice-president of the Skowhegan School noted that Phihp Morris" commitment was a "'gift of awarcness and public responsibility that paved the way for mher corporations to find an portant resource ~n the arts." ugg ~,m~¢~,~,---, Headquartered until recently in Durham. Liggett Louise Nevelson (seated left/, one qf America'~ contribuled human and financial r~sources to sup- foremost srnlpmr, L applauds as Geor~,e Weissmun, port the arts. historic preservation, medical and edu- chairman ofzhe lumrd and chiefexecmire officer qf cafional f~:ilities, and the overall welfare of the Philip Morris. rise~ to ~,reet dele~,,ate.~ to the No- . North Carolinacommunhy. tt~naT-A.~ocialion-qf~ommission~for-Women<'on~ __ ~Vjth_Du_ke Univers~,=~Ligg~tt helped to csmb- vemion. The association, which works to initime lish a $1 xaillion trust fund as an endowme~ fo~th~- leg, islation and provide public testimony on iss.es of concern to women. ~athered at New York'~ Whimsy Museum of American Art for a convention~penlng reception sponsored ~v Philip Mards. lhmu~u/the wor~. The eom~ny also is conducting a ful~e to~tion p~ for adve~sing ~ crated for ~twcen 1912~ 1930. ~e ~. which is ~ing resto~ at I~ ~r~ G~ of A~ in W~hin~on. D. C., ~flects move~nts of ~e time ~ wall ~ ~e oplimism of lhe era. ~te Re~s officials. PHILIP MOR~S Philip Mo~s" ~nsibility to its ~ins at ~ p~ning s~e-~th ~ d~is~n o~r the ~t ~e 1o ~nstmct ~r f~ilides in ~e ~ cities w~re ol~r p~ ~ing p~ out. "~h of thee ~isions w~ ~e in lhe ~11 k~w~d£¢ ~t if we we~ to ~ild ¢l~where we ¢ou~ ~ve substanfi~ sums in ofi~n~ ~ns~ction cosL ~ng~g¢ o~ting costs ~d, ~ci~ly t~.'" ~d James C. ~wlin~, senior ~ce p~si~nt for co~e ~ai~ at Philip Mo~s. "We felt it ~ simply not right to ~ve those chics ~hi~. ~y ~ ~n ~ to us." "'Ho~mwns'" ~ ~eti~s ~, Philip Mo~s" co--unity sup~n a~ ~s philan- thropies ~, A ~t to the Asia Foundation ~ll ~ to lish a ~unity se~ces h=lth ~ pm~ for M~o Muslims on Mind,no ls~nd in the Philippines. ~atev~ the ~tion. howev~. ~¢ glo~-sp~ ning ~y's I~lus y=r su~n of linues to ~p~¢ t~ ~1o~. A ~sler exhibit, or~ by Philip Mo~s. t~t s~w~ the i~t m~ ~ =~ie New mamma p~y ~ ~ m~mes for ~ ~on. o~ to such ~ve mv~s t~t s~i~ ~oRs ~ ~ing ~ns~ in o~r Phi~p Mo~s Ho~to~ in ~uis~l~ wm rated ~ a ~s by "~" ~d "miniml~ ~ists su~ ~ F. C~ I!!. ~ ~,~ prestigious American Dance Festival, This endow- merit proved to he a major factor in the festival's decision to move its home from New London. Conn.. to Durham after reviewing proposals from 300 cities and university campuses across the countr.-. Liggett also is a co-sponsor with Duke UniversiL~ Medical Ccot~r of the Duke Children's Classic. a celebrity/amateur golf and tennis tournament which raises funds for the research and treatment of chil- dren's diseases in the pediatric department of the medical center. B~ed on a gift from Liggett payable over a six- year period, the Liggett Groups Pediatric Intensive Cart Unit is in the recently completed north wing of the medical center. In its new headquarters in Montvale. N.J.o Liggett continues to encourage the active participation of its employees in civic activities. It also continues its corporate support of selected cultural, economic. and social a=tivities. Liggett is an active member of the Chamber of Commerce and industD' of Northern New Jersey. the New Jersey State Chamber of Commerce and the Mont.,ale Business Association. The company supports via funds and smfftime the Greater N~" York Council of the Boy Scouts of America. a new business sebuol at Fairleigh Dickin. son University. a special scholarship program of the National Urban L~agu¢, and the United Way of Bergen County. By Sumn Stuntz TI53180859

I! is, romuntic spot, the Iwme of deer. ¢ogles. u way station for Canadian gerse. It, as home for some of Virginhf s first colonists, and todio" FIo,'erdew H,ndred. ~dong ~he Jomez R iPer. wek'ome.~ Io,rist3 with its commemomHre windmill. The tobacco Indu~W has, for nine years, funde¢l •ta cost of $4.4 mil- lion a ¢onc~ntratad basic cancer search effort at Washington Uni- varaity, St. Louis. The St, Louis Giobe-Democr•t re- cently carried an article on thatwork, end quoted "th~ highly-e~teern~d" Dr. Paul E. Lacy, administrator of the program, laying the tobacco indus- try money Is unique because it camel with no strings attached. "It's almost unbelievable," Lacy told the Globe-Democrat. "They didn't tell us what to do. They didn't try to guide the research." Gary D. Friedman, M,D,, writing in the American Heart Journal (March 1980), says that • study he did "which would be Intsrprat~d as un- favorable to cigarette smoking, con$lde~d credible baoaUH Itwas financed by t~e tobacco Industry." But, Fdedmen points out, had the st~ turned out differently end been fsv~'•ble, "rarely would not have bMleved the result and we would have been aczulad of being 'bought and paid ~or' bythe tobacco industry." June's Observer told the story of Homer's Concession Stand. A blind man. H~ S~I~I~ by an~g Homer's Concession Stand as far as cigarette sails is absolutoiy atro- cious. While it would b~ acceptable and even understandable that smoking could be limited to certain areas of the holpItai . . . I do not und~tand how the putchm of a p~ck of c~gamttee would Interfere with the ho~ai activities. "1 think • Ilttl~ more can~ldomtion should h~ve gone Into the making of a decision to take away the liveli- hood of s blind man." The Demon Runyon-Walter Win- chell Cancer Fund, which sl~nd~ It~ contributions on meareh, not anti- ~noidng propIganda, experienced a d~ficlt of $509,119 in the (leGal year • ndlng June 30,1979. Tax-d~ducttble donations to the fund may .b~ last to 33 West Stm~t, New york, N.Y. 10019. The Civil Aeronauti~ Board port~ • downturn in consumer cam- pleintl. Reub~ B. Robertaon, director of th~ B4=lrd's Buf~lu of Protection, lays: "Alflin~ know that to do well I~ a ¢~mp~Uttve m|r- ket, they must be re,Go•siva to the public. The d~cr~ase in campisJnts to the B~etd ~Jcjg~sts that airlines ComplainL~ •bout Imoldng. remain Is~ns~ d~l~y~, ba~g~g~ and Fiowerdew Tobacco A PRINCE GEORGE COUN'TY,Va. -A Los Angeles newspaper called it "'the colonial equivaleo¢ of King Tut's tomb." Flowerdew Hundred (from flower of God in French) was once in the early 1600's a successful tobacco plantation. Today, for the first time in more than 100 years, tobacco again is growing at this enchanting spot 3~ miles cast of Richmond along the J~unes River's south bank. Flowcrdcw has joined its neighbors Colonizing was for young single men. mostly indentured servants, all dream- ing of a quick fortune. Tourists Invitad Flowerdew opened this year for the first time to tourists. Jon Sass, the mil- ler. grinds grain for visiting gn:~ps. They buy "'Wind Power is Not Imported" T-shirts at a 19th century schoolhouse, reconverted ~o Feet visitor~. Tom Young, Flowerdew's director. dreams some day of full recreation. based on ~cbeolngicaI evidence,of four at Colonial Williamsburg and at James- settlements: an Indian village, an early town~,.~a~place~whgre modern Ameri- ~olony~ a_plamat~r~, and Flowerdew cans can enjoy their past. Enjoy it more just prior to the Civil War. than Flowerdew's colonists, who had a That all had roots on this promontory "harsh. transient, unsmbl~'" life. histori- ans believe. First Windmill In 1618 George Yeardley. the first owner and the colony's governor, es- tablished the settlement upriver from Jamestown. Tobacco was exported from Flowcrdew two year~ later. Up to 10.000 pounds annually may have been produced during the colonial period. In 1621 Yeardley commissioned con- straction of a windmill to grind corn into meal. It was the first in English North America. While remains of it never have been found, a comrnemora- entices archeologists. They have un- curbed armor, flintlocks, ~ankards, tools, tobacco pipes, and riding spurs. And it keeps Ed Ayres, resident his- torian, happy. Sun-Cured Tobacco Pamela Barefoot, author of M,les und Memories. a definitive look at ~o- bunco farming, is Flowerdew's program specialist. She works by hand to care for its new ~obacco. a half-azre of Vir- ginia sun-cured, a variety chosen since it will be cured in tbe method of the colonists. "We hope to expeciment with early Biff Youn.¢. son of Flo,'erdew Hondred's director, gets a close k~ok at the sun- eltred lobewco. It is Ihe first crop in more than !~ years ,r this 17lh ~nnt~ Vir- gini, settlement. The Ice, will be sold fi~r pht~ ¢'lz~t'in¢ W~a'o. tire windmill has lovingly been built at Windmill Point at Flowerdew. Taking two y~ars to construct, using 50 tons of En~ish oak. the windmill Ee~tures ca~v~s ~ils. a fan tail and gtt~e m ~e ~aoc~ gas~ ~ wi.d on a seed varieties." she says. coming closer and closer to the tobacco grown here in 1620. FIowerdew colossi. noram of crop rotation, apparently quit _~owing tobacco in 1630, their fields Da~qd A. Harrison IlL a retired in- l=~m~." He TI53180860

of i~:lually incrc~ing Flue-cured. used in d~t[~ ~ ex- :e~ively ~ in ~e U. S., must no~ come in ~n~t wi~ s~kc or ~ dudn~ ~d~. But fim<u~ t~co is pmp~d by using s~kc f~ o~n ~s on a b~'s di~ ~. ~ ~ ~d t~co h~ the disd~[ ~ of w~ smoke. ~e U. S. ~nt ~A~culture cl~si~ l~co by i~ curing ~th~. the pfi~iples of which weR ~ed [~m the fi~t ~we~. the natives of the America. R~o~s kept by Columbus on his ~ voy~ ~cd~ ~e use of ~r. sun. ~ ~R ~o p~p~ to,co for u~ in pi~ ~ for sn~ c~wing. Fluc<u~ t~o w~ ~ve~ by ~ci~nL A s~ve ~ w~ cuing a H~ C~lina ~¢st in 1839 when he ~cll ~l~p. Aw~ening. ~ found t~ fl~es n~y ~t ~ qu~kly ch~ f~ ~s bl~mi~ pit ~ the ~ ~dng ~. T~ su~ of inten~ heat turned t~ I~v~ ~lden ~d s~ ~o fix t~ color. AIt~u~ bfi~t tob~co had ~n ~r~uccd e~dcally ~fe~ this ti~. t~ ~cident ~Rd ks continu~ ~d stay ~uction. es~ly ~¢~ ~. ~ 1870. to utii~e the ~ ~ily con~lled ~d I~s ex- ~nsive syst~ of flues to co~u~ ~m f~ ~s ~tsi~ ~¢ d~dy con- st~t~ b~. FiR<u~nS ~ ~n u~ a~st elusively by A~d~ colonb~ ~- ~ the ~lk of t~ir ~ w~ for ~. ~y fou~ ~t. ~ Mth h~. sm~ing p¢~w~ ~e ~ during i~ long voy~ to t~ O~ W~.~. ~ it is ~w. the ~sul~t smoky ~vor a~ ~ w~ a~cim~ in snuff ~d C ufing metes ~v¢ ~n ~fi~. of ~e. over t~ y~. in ~u~. vendla~ ~ ~t~ by o~ ¢~ F~ m ~ ~ ~ Tobacco in Cartoons "Yo, tell him.+. T!53180861

Cigarette Ad Bans Termed A German advertising executive warns that cigarette advertising r~- stricdons could end a t~d toward lower mr cLe~renes. Wolf Voltrner. speaking at the annual me,.dng of the American Association of Advertising Agencies. said the Euro- pean cxpericnc= has 10~n that lower tar cigarettes flourish where advertising is allowed. Germans smoke a roach ci~tt¢ then Eastern Europeans. C-TRFunds Heart Studies Council for Tobacco Research ICTR) $ranted mort than $6 million last y~r for studies on smoking and health, it announced recendy. Among new studies funded search into lung o~ncer incidence in Connecticut from 1935 to present and work on vaHons aspects of heart disco.so and mspirato~ "'The stresses and s~ns of living. exacerbated by worsening economic conditions and internmional crises. are being studied more closely for their possible rok= in body proo~ses and disease occurrence." CTR said. in its 1979 annual report. CTR. funded by the tobocco indus- try. has provided more than 558 million for rose,oh since 1934 on smoking and health. Total tobacco industry commit° merit for such resea~h currently tops $85 million. Voltmer sakl'. He t~rmed German cig- aretm regulations "tihet-,d": no ciga.- rette =:ivertising is ~ttowed in Eastern Europe. C~r~umpfion RIsing Despite numerous dissimilarities. Voltm~r said, "'Europeans do hove a few thin~ in common. O~e of th~se is: Many i:~opie smoke." Ad restrictions api~rently do not dnc~ consumption, he said. For in- stance, in Poland consumption in- creased 25 percent within the period 1975-78. and it incr~'d 16 pement in Russia duri~ the ~sa~ne span of Norway's ci$m~tt¢ consumption is also rising, despite an ad ban. Voltmer said cigarette ads are petitiv¢, aimed at gaining sales and market shm~s, not in turning non- smoker~ into smokers. But he said that "'advertisers are faced with a powerful and at the same time highly political anti-cigarette smoking movement." If this mov~rmnt is successful in re. stricting ads. Voltmer said, it could end any move to change consumer habits, even one suggested by hea|th o~cials. and tix: less restrictive other govern. mental interferences are, the morn willing the industry, is to take on spons~ility for s~lf-regulation," Volt- met told the advertising session. Am c~a help change ~umer habits.Voltmcr stresS. Where ads a~ not banned and promote lowerta~oiga- retted, he said, them has heen a corm plete change in the smoking I'~bits of population in the last 10-15 yc~rs. Fund-Raising: $83,339 ASH Spending, Finances Action on Smoking and Health tASHL which biUs itself ts the -leVI action arm" of the anti-srnokJn~ move- me~t. has for the I=st three yeers spent more moray on propapnd~ =rod al- most as much on fund ,raising. as it did on Icl~ cl'~llert~. According to fi~s filed by ASH wi~ tl~ Ol~c~ of Ctm~d~s Re~istr'~ don. S~,~: oi'New Yod~. ~ ex~ ~or ~ y~ ¢n~n~ ~ 19~9 were ~57.193. ASH s~ S~67,83~ ~ ~t it Detailed ASH re~cived $358.309 in public contributions. It p~d saltries of 903 m ¢~t ~p~yc~. i~lu~ng $39,1~ m im ex~five di~. John F. Bin+ ill. ~ ~m is = ten- u~ ~w ~res~r at G~ Wmh- ington Unive~ty. ~H's ~ ~ at t~ end of the y~ ~ S 128,8~, lions. ~ag ~s ~ +~ S~ I0 TI~ Tdmtm Ohme~ This Blac.~foot woman of North America wus an early user of lobacco. But m- seamh &v ~zhmMogists at Social Systems Analysts shows thttt natives in Aus- tralia and Ne~" GttMza also used vadelie$ t¢ to~ccT~ prior to contact with Eu~peans. Clues Unearthed In Tobacco Mystery Tobacco was alre~ly in use in the Pa~if~ befo~ European explorers ~ ~bl~ ~ ~y. ~s fi~ing d~t~ ~ o~. ~ lish~ i~ ~ all ~ ~ ~ sp~ by ~e S~ ~ ~ ~- f~ i~i~ in ~ New Wor~. S~in J. Fcin~ler. ~.D.. ~n ~ ~o coil--s ~ ~i~ Sys~s A~ys~ ~ up old ~ ~ ~ I~ ~ ~ cv~c m sug- ar ~t miv~ in Aust~i~ ~ New to ~t wi~ Eu~s. ~ i~t clue is ~ A~l~ ~v~ ~ ~i~ w~s f~ ~ir t~co, ~ op~ to Eu~ wo~ wh~h won~ We ~n ~p~ hM they le~ed of tobacco from exp~m~. H~ did ~ tiny ~ ~ ~t f~ t~ir ~ive W~m He~p~ m t~ ~ P~i~? "We ~ ~ p~ a~nTi~ ~ ~v~ on ~ ~ f~ ~ ~ ~ do we ~t involv~ ~ ~ ~n$ hin~ of ~ly Chi~ t+ s~. ~ +don: +If t~ chewed tobe~co e~l therefore. Sooth America~ Indians. were "'uniqtm odsinmors of htbits of usin8 the a~d~v~ report in d',e pr~tJ~:~s-- if esoteric-New Yo~ Botanical Gar- To~cco use, an~lu~oloests have su~ssed, is ~ very old culWt~ practice fulfilling cert~n social needs. C. Paul Dredge. a senior consultant for Social Systems Analysts. reports in Korea Jonmal that "'offering and ceptingsmoking materiaJs in that ration is a symbol o( friendship or aHianco." "To offer a cisarene is to offer a which is heyond pr~ic~ ~c, ~ which has powerful historic~ ~ cul- mr~ symbolic metnin~s," writes Dredge. an anthropoloest. A gi~ ot'ci~ar~tt~s in Korea, he says. l~VeS the way for continued cordial re~ionships. "Tobacco s~rves as a kind of social ~se to smooth ~he mechanisms of interl~rson~ relatiomhips a~[ wans- ac~ons." wri~s Dred~. who s~nt 18 months in Koa~ smdyin¢ this topic. He qu# mmki~.c, ~ drinkin~ ~o buy an ox hot ~ li~er corried it off "While some may risk the danl~rs of tigers . . . by givil~ up tobacco." he wt'll con~ue to use it. for its smoke TI53180862