Tobacco Documents Online

1001 SUBSTANCES &CETALDEHTDE: CH3-HC-0 - flavor additive - gas phase constituenu - narcotic action - mucus membrane irritant - suspected mucus flow inhibitor - LD50 orally to rats is 1.9/kg PRIVILEGED AND CONFIDENTIAL ATTORMET WORK PRODUCT 1002 ACIDS (VOLATILE): (code: NAMBA) 1003 ACROLEIN: H2C=CH-HC-0 - gas phase constituent - skin and mucus membrane irritant - suspected mucus flow inhibitor - LD50 orally to rats is 26 mg/kg 1004 ALDEHYDES: (code: VALSEDON) - gas phase constituent - irritants - ciliastants 1005 AMMONIA: NH3 1006 ANTHRACENES : - particulate phase constituent - a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon - suspected lung carcinogen 1007 ARSENIC (As) and compounds: - particulate phase constituent - most are toxic - suspected lung carcinogen -i-

PRIVILEGED AND CONFIDENTIAL ATTORNET WORK PRODUCT 1008 ASBESTOS: - Micronite filter component - causes asbesCosis and/or lung cancer disease due to protracted inhalation of asbestos - statistical synergistic effect with smoking for lung cancer 1009 &ZA-ARENES: - particulate phase constituents - general classification for compounds with a nitrogen atom substituted for a carbon atom (=aza) or an aromatic hydrocarbon (=arene) - suspected carcinogen - a polycylic aromatic hydrocarbon 1010 AZO D~ES= 1011 - used in cork wrapping paper BALSAMS 1012 BENZOPERTLENE: perlene (benzoperylene has an additional benzene ring attached) - particulate phase constituent - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon - suspected lung carcinogen -2-

PRIVILEGED AND CONFIDENTIAL ATTORMET WORK PRODUCT 1013 BENZO(a)PTRENE, BaP, BENZPYRENE: - particulate phase constituent - when converted to diol epoxide is highly carcinogenic - suspected lung carcinogen 1014 BENZODIHYDROPYROHE: 1015 BROWN SUGAR: (code: RAGRAW, AVALOW, INVERT AVALADE) - flavor/humectant additive 1016 CADMIUM (Cd) and compounds: - particulate phase constituents - when inhaled (dust or fumes) causes throat dryness, cough, headache and chest pain 1017 CARBAZOLES-. - particulate phase constituent - LDs0 orally to rats is >Sg/kg - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - suspected lung carcinogen -3-

PRIVILEGED AND CONFIDENTIAL ATTORNET WORK PRODUCT 1018 CARBON MONOZIDE - gas phase constituent - causes hypoxia in high concentrations; thought to contribute to carboxyhemoglobanemia which compromises gas exchange and can precipitate angine/ischemia in people with cardiovascular disease 1619 CARDAMOM: (Code: FRINOT) - flavor additive 1020 CAROB BEAN: - flavor additive - also called CAROB BEAN GUM or ST. JOHNS BREAD 1021 CATECHOLS: - flavor additive - particulate phase constituent - can cause dermatitis - topical antiseptic - LDs0 ora11y to rats is 3.89 g/kg - alleged co-carcinogen OH 1022 CHEMOSOL: - additive which in the late 1960's was thought to reduce BaP delivery and therefore reduce cancer risk; mouse skin painting tests proved theory - was invalid -4-

PR'rVSLEGED AND CONF~DENTSA~ ATTORNET HORK PRODUCT CHOCOLATE (code: CLIFFO, NEWVAC, CELPOR, KENZEY, FIRZIT, WEDABY, CARVAN, CALSIS) 1024 - flavor additive - suspected carcinogen CHRTSENES: - particulate, phase constituent - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - suspected lung carcinogen 1025 CITRIC ACID, CITRATES: (code: DURLOCK) - paper additive, burn retardants 1026 - flavor additive 1027 COCOA, COCOA SHELLS: - flavor additive - suspected carcinogen (codes: BINNET, COPLOR, MESMOR, CONDRA, HARIKAN, COARCH, CROTAN) -5-

PRIVILEGED AND CONFIDENTIAL ATTORNET WORK PRODUCT 1028 CONDENSATE, WSC, CSC: - portion of cigarette smoke trapped in a cold trap 1029 CORIANDER: (code: ORANG) - flavor additive 1030 CORM SYRUP: ~code: HUMECTOSE, HUMLOR) - flavor/humectant additive 1031 COTININE". - me~abolite of nicotine - measured in urine and plasma 1032 COUMARIN: (code: RANDEP, SYNTHOS SYNLOR) - flavor additive - ingestion allegedly causes hepatic (liver) tumors in baboons 1033 CRESOLS: 0~ - particulate phase constituent - disinfectants - LD50 orally to rats is 1.35-2.02 g/kg - phenol - suspected mucus flow inhibition 1034 DEER TONGUE: - flavor additive - contains COUMARIN (code: CARPAS) -6-

1035 - particulate phase constituent - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon - suspected lung carcinogen PRIVILEGED AND CONFIDENTIAL ATTORNET WORK PRODUCT dibenzacridine has two additional benzene rings ) 1036 EUGENOL= - additive - irritant - potentially hazardous 1037 - particulate phase constituent - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon - suspected lung carcinogen 1038 FORMALDEHYDE: H2_CH=0 gas phase constituent irritant ciliastant suspected mucus flow inhibitor 1039 GLYCEROL, GLTCERINR: (code: CELANDO) humectant additive potentially hazardous when burned is Uransformed to ACROLEIN -7-

PRIVILEGED AND CONFIDENTIAL ATTORNEY WORK PRODUCT 1040 GLYCOLS, DEG, TEG, PEG: (code: GRELANTER, FABRACE) humectant additive possible hazardous substances ~riethylene glycol when burned produces 1.4 dioxane, a known carcinogen 1041 H;mMAN - particulate phase constituent - poIycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - suspected lung carcinogen 1042 HELIOTROP IN : ( code : HAMLET ) - plant hormones ~ C~3 1043 ~YDRAZ INE : H2-N-N-H2 - gas phase constituent - irritating to mucus membranes 1044 HYDROGEN CYANIDE, HCN: - gas phase constituent - suspected mucus flow inhibitor - fatal dose: 50-60 mg 1045 INDOLE~: - particulate phase constituent - LD50 orally to rats is ig/kg - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - suspected lung carcinogen 1046 INVERT SYRUP: - humectant additive " 1047 LICORICE: (codes: AMDINER, CARRUS, ILKARO, AM.SPIN) - flavor additive

PRIVILEGED AND CONFIDENTIAL ATTORNET WORK PRODUCT 1048 MACE : ( code : - flavor additive DENSIVE, MATILE) 1049 METALS (e.q. M~+'.,~ Mn.+2) : - free radicals - suspected carcinogen 1050 MENTHOL: (codes: - flavor additive KINTOLLY, TOLKIN, HARPAT, POLAR BEAR) 1051 NICKEL (Ni) and compounds: - particulate phase constituent - may cause dermatitis - Nickel carbonyl, Ni(CO)4, may cause lung cancer with prolonged exposure 1052 NICOTINE: - particulate phase constituent - narcotic found in tobacco - agricultural insecticide - LDS0 orally to rats is 50-60 mg/kg -9-

PRIVILEGED AND CONFIDENTIAL ATTORNET WORK PRODUCT 1053 NITRATE(s) ~NO31: - particulate phase constituent - additive which decreases BaP delivery but increases tar delivery thus increasing NO delivery. NO transforms into nitrosamines which are carcinogenic. - denitrification by actron filter became popular to decrease the nitrosamine delivery. 1054 NITRILE(s), ACETONITRILE, et af: R-CH=NH nitrile H3C-CH=NH - particulate phase constituent - LD50 orally to rats is 130 mg/kg acetonitrile or methyl cyanide 1055 NITROGEN OXIDES, NO, N02~ NOx: - gas phase constituents - suspected mucus flow inhibitor - toxic agent 1056 NITROSAMINES: H2N-N=0 H3C-CH2-NH-N=0 (CH3)2-N-N=0 nitrosamine N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDMA) N-Nitrosodiumethyamine - gas phase or condensate constituent - some are suspected lung carcinogens by EPA - nonvolatile nitrosamines include nitrosonornicotine (NNN), nitrosopeyrrolidine (NPYR), nitrosanatabine (NAT), 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosoaminoJ-l-J3-pyridylJ-l-butanone (NNK) - nonvolatile nitroszmines allegedly not filtered out by cellulose acetate filter - volatile ones removed by filter, claimed (but not proven) nonvolatile ones cannot be filtered - TSNA is tobacco specific nitrosamines 1057 NUTMEG: (code: BRALOR, NILIND) - flavor additive -i0-