Tobacco Documents Online

1957 ex ess!ve clgare~:e smoking is a cause:lye factor in lung cancer carry label, "Warning: Prolonged use of =his produc~ ~ay resu!~ in cancer, in lung, hear: and circulatory ai!=en:s, and in other diseases." support progr~_~. 1958 scmool children on "harmful effec:s of ~obacco, alcohol and ocher July: Re~. Bia=nik (D-Minz.) im:roduce$ b£1l =o give FTC power 1960 ~J .anu~'r~: FTC c.l!a cigarec:e m~-nufacturers Co mcop "=at derby" . acvtFz~sing and cease rt*e ~ing Co ~prove4 heal~h effec=s of fil=e-s 013A002C PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT 10308

president Eisenhower to es:ab!ish co~m!ssion to s~udy ~obacoo and health questions. J.~ne: Surgeon General Terry anmounces fo.--~a=ion of Advisory o~.i=:ee on SmokinK and H~a!~h. Sen. Mo.s (D-Utah) in~roduce~ measur. =o $1ve Food azd D~a& A-'~.'.nis~ra~iou (FDA) sate power to police content, ad~r:!sln~ and laSe!in~ of ciEare:tes as :-DA has over food, dt-ugs and cosmetics. 196~ c~gare::e s=okin~ is causally related to lun~ cancer in men, is the mo~t imporz.n= cause of chro~ic bronchitis, ~ay con~rlbu~e ~o other diseases and is "a health hL~a2d of j'~ficient ~mportance in ~he U.S. Sen. Maurlne Neuber~er (D-0re.) Im~rodu=es bill ~i~.ng FTC authority ~o regulate cigarette advertising amd labe!~ng. packaK%s and in adver:isin~. J~e-Ju!v: House Commerce Co~i::~e ha~ hearinKs on ~mokin~ and 5ea[za. ~C delays its wa~ing proposal pending.Congresslonal 1965 J~mua.-~: U.$. Public Seal%h Se~-~ice (I~) bu~|e~ propo,al establishes National Clearin~hou, e for ~moki~ az~ ~ealth. Ju!v: Cigarette Labelin~ and Advertisi~ Ac~ e~anted, that "the ----Yi c may pu~ . be adequately informed ~hat =igsre~e smoking may be o. 013A002D

(1965 cont.) "confusing" regula:ions. Principal provisions: o Clgaret:e packs mus: bear a bea!=h Tautlon label. adver:isimg require:emma in connection wi~h smoking and health u_ncil a= least July I, 1969. ~'~C and =he Deparument of Health, Educe=ion and Welfare (HEW) are to keep Congress i~formed on =he issue through annual reports. 1 966 March: ~'2C reve s r es its 1960 position by allowinK car and u:co=ine yields Co be used in cisare=:e adver:ilin$. But i= says =here should be no implies=ions of any heal:h significance. M~.__~v: HEW releases repot= of a household survey of "hea!~h c~aracteris:ics of smokers," asser:In~ links between cigarem~e smoklmg ~nd illness. June: Federal Commu~ica=ions Commission (FCC) ~=les =ha= sis=ions w---~.ch a~- cigare==e co=merioa!s must° under =he "fairness doo=rlne," broad=as: antl-smoking announcements. ~'~C recommends to" Congress =ha= tar ~nd micotlne yield be required cigareT=e packs and in all adver=i~In&. ~eco~enda:ion is included in commission's firs= repot= =o Congress u~.der the ~965 labeling Iz subsequent ~nnual reports. Ju!7: Sen. Moss proposes requiring !abellnK in advertising, adding s=a:emen: Of ~ar and nicoTime ~ield co packs and allowing FTC and HEW Co set maximum cigarette length. September: Sems. Kennedy (D-N.Y.) and Randolph (D-W.Va.) propose authorizing FCC co re~ula=e cig&retce broadcast adver=islmg and to ~emd ~=cernal Revenue Code Co tax ci~are=ces on basis of Tar and nico=Ine yield. November: ~'~C publishes firs= semi-~nnual ~easur~ments of =at and n~co=ine c=nTen: of U.S. clg~re~es, as requested by the SenaTe Commerce Com=i~:ee - 3 - 013A002E

Pebruarv: FCC proposes ban on broadcas: clgare::e adver:Ising. ~::h-ADril: Sens. Brooke (k-Mass.) a~ Wil!lams.(~-Del.) and ~47. Corm.an (D-Cal.) relncroduce 19~7 aeasure co terminate toba::o price suppor: program &md exclude shipment of ~nder P.L. ~8~, in~e.'-~a~Io~a! ~rade expansion and promotion Fmrch-June: House Co=metre Co:mit:ee hears Ces:i=on~ on ca:on- of Cl$are~:e LabellnE Ac~, repor:s "no~h!nK mew' in ~clen-. evidence si~Ce ~965 hearings. Ma._/v: FTC renews ~96~ proposal =o require health warnimg i= c~gareu:e ads, &bsen: ~-ny ex:ensic~ of ~he 1965 ac~. Ju!.__~v: Senaze Co=merce Cons'J=er |ubcommlttee hears ~es:imony on ex:emslon of ~965 ac:. Cigarette manufacturers ask a~n~i-trus: exemp=ion to pe-~i~ Inter-compan7 a~ree~en: vcl~ntari!7 to end broadcasz adver~isin~ because of its ~nlque appeal ~o young persons. Oc:ober: ~e;. B.vr~e (D-Pa.) presen:s cigarette labe!img amencmen~ requiring packs bear s:atemenc of "fire ha:ards presente~ by s~okin~." Dece:ber: Sen. Ea=fie!d (R-Ore.) proposes bill insz~ac:i=g Federal Av~a:~on Ad:izls~ra:/on (FA.A) co require air carriers co separa=e smokin~ passengers from monsmokers. ~ep. O'Neill (D-Mass.) i~troduces bill co increase clg~ret:e excise cam, m~nles to go. for research uuder the new Naziona! Cancer Progra=. 1970 ADri_____~l: Presiden~ Nixon $iEns new Public Health Ci~&rette Smoking an ex:enslon of :he 1965 legislation. The ~urpo|e is reiterated: :he public ~hould be "adequatel~ info.-me4 ~hat cigarette |mok£m~ ray 5e hazardous co health." Principal provi|ions: o The law formalizes ~heoffer of ~he ¢IKare~te makers ~o end radio-iv Adverr!slmg, beglnninK Jan. ~, 1971. o Package "caution" label is revised tD the~present warning. o Sza:es and localities may no~ impose on cigarette adver- =islng or promotion "require=en=s or prohibition based on smokln~ and health". - & . 013A002F

o ~'2C may noc furGher Its wa=-~Inl-ln-adver:islng trade resula~ion proposal until a~ leas~ Duly 1971, af:er which fur:her regu!a:ion. o ~'2C and H~ will con=inue their annual reports to Consress ~ Uhe smoklug-heal:h 18sue. -~iiI ~he tobacco price suppor: program, expor: subsidies, overseas sales promotion and government inspection and grading. August: ~'ZC proposes a ~cle ~o require ~ar and nicotine yields . November: The n~w ci;aret~e package label becomes effec:ive: "Wal-ning: The Surgeon General Has Deterulned Tha~ Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous ~o Your ~eal:h." December: ~-2C ac:ep:s, by suspending rule making, an induszry proposal vo!un:arily ~o display ~ar and nicotine yields in all clgareu~e adver~Islng. FCC ~.=nounces cha~ af:er cigare~:e commercials are off :he air ~he "fairness do=urine" ~ill no lon~er a~ply, ~ha: broadcas:ers may assume ~here is no more controversy abou: a!le~ed ill effects. Anti-smokin8 announcemen:s may be broadcas: as public ~ervlce anuouncemen~. Col'~=nis: ~ack Anderson repor:s ~ha: yet-=o-be-released Joinu PAA-PHS study concludes tobacco smoke does non represen~ a hea!:h ha:ard to nonsmoking co===erciai airline passensers. 1971 January: Claiming a health hazard co nonsmokers, SurSton General . "Ste~nf~!d proposes a government ban on smoki~ in public places. .Januarv-Amril: Ne~ Congressional bills propose ~o limit or ban cigare:~e smoking aboard alroraf:, trains, buses ~nd ~assenger vessels; to ban ~ailing of u.usoliclted cigarette sampAss; =o prohibi~ business ~ax deduction for amy cigarette adver~Isln~. FTC £or'aa!l7 ac'Cepts tobacco Industry's proposal for volunmary. display of uar and nicotine convene in brand adver~isemencs. April: Tobacco lnstitute announces ins member companies will enh-~-~-~for~h voluntarily display ~he package wa.--ning label in all - 5 - 013A0030

(1971 con:.) print advertising. Ju!v: FTC vote, to vacaue i~s Congressionally e~bargoed proposal uo~equlre a health warning in cigarette ads. ~nste~:l, ~he co=:ission says, lu will ne$otiate wlth.each m~nufact~rer.to require a more "clear" and "consplcu~us package waz-n~ng ~n ci~areu:e ads. National C!earinEhou, e for SmoklnE and ~ea!~h remains a Ne~ York a~ver:islnE aSeucy for $~56,000 ~o prepare anmi-smokln~ ads for November: U.S. Disuricu Cour: reJecu~ plea ~f ~ix broadcas~ers.~o de~Ision i~ sa~s: "Con~ress has ~he power ~o prohlbi~ uhe adver~Isln~ of ci~are~ss in any media." Sen. Harks (D-~nd.) In:roduces a bill ruquirin~ cigarec:e ads deplc: porzlons.of pack bearin~ Surgeon General's heal~h warninB. 1972 ¢~spia~ of the packa~ war~In~ i~ adverzise=ents. Februa---~: Chain-man Moss of Senate Consumer ~ubc=mmiz:ee has hearings on h~s ~97~ proposal to regu!A:e ~ar amd nico=ine con~ent of ciga- rettes. The FAA-PES re?or~ o= smokin~ in aircraft is released af:er Sen. Cook (K-Ky.) =hi~es PES witnesses Zor ~ot making public i:s conclusion. The 8S-page report says tobacco s~oke is "~u/ged no~ to represen~ a health ha:ard to ~h.e non~oki~ passengers. ~r~h: Supreme Cour~ upholds appellate court's finding of ¢ons:Itutlonali~y of the 1970 law ~hat ~rohlbi~s broadcas~ cigarette • advertising. September: Civil Aeronau:Ics Board (~.B) proposes airlines vo~un~ar~!? segregate smokers and nonsmokers. 1973 'J~nua.-v: EEW's annual report to Congress On ~okin| and health, ~rsu ~o o~lU legislative recc",enda~ious, sul~ests special hamards for women smokers And ~helr unborn children. March: Sen. Moss in=roduces hi!is to prohlblu broadcast advertisln~ o:-~.utle cigars, impose a mar uax and di~allow business expense tax deductlons, for clgaretue a~verulssmenus. - 6 - O ~4 013A0031

(I 973 con:.) ~'~smokgrs because vol'~n~ar7 arramsement$ aren'~ worklnS. "The ~: Cons~e: Product Safe:~ Co~ilai~ (CPSC) chai~a~ tells New N~erous Congressmen and ~e Tobacco Ims=i~e poln~ ou~ than Consist Produc= Safe~y Ac:, se~:In~ up =he co=missiom, ~pecifically tobacco from CPSC ~isdlc:ion. Se~uember: CPSC makes public a "cmnsu.~er product hazard index" and puts ~obacco in an area cf "~ues:ionable Jurisdiction." Presideu: Nixon signs bill prohibiting broadcast advertising of lit:is cigars. o November: General Se:-~Ices Administration (GSA) 0 ~Ich operates all ~e~era! buildings, issues vol~n~a:-y guidelines res~rictlng smokin~ in federal conference rooms, audi:oriu-~s, cafeterias, elevators and so~e shut:!e vehicles. December: CAB urges its employees :o be "observers." reporting V~oiat~ons of smokizg regulations and actions taken by airplane cre~s to e-~or~e._ - the ~a!es. 1 97.___~& Pebruarv:. Sen. Moss ~nd American Public Health Associ&:ion pe~i=Ion CPSC ~o prohibi~ sales of cigarettes ~ieldlng no:im~ that limit "will remove the nos~ dangerous varieties of cigarettes from the ~arke~." ADrift ]~nce--s~:aCe Commerce Co¢=is,lon (ICC) imRlemen=s rule ~a:ing 20 percen~ of sea~s on Inters~x~e buses for smoklm~ U.S. Comp~rollsr General rules ~hat CPSC "does noc have the authority ~o ac~'[ on the Moss pe=ition ~o ban sale of hish ~ar and nlco~Ine ci~are=tes. FT.C begins investigation of sizt of warnings on cigars:re adver- tisements, requesting of ~00 ~e~,papers and ma~amlnes.coples of all cigarette ads r~n in precedin~ six months. May: CP~C decides i= backs authority to se~ mandatory cigare::e tar -eT~vels as urged in ~he Moss pecicion. - 7 - 013A0032

FCC votes to limit application of "fai.-~ess doctrine" to broadcast vi~-~oimts, rever,ing ~he 1967 application ~o a whole category of produc= advertising, clg&re=tes. August: In Washington. Sen. Moss, the American Public ~ea!th Association and the local lung association petition U.S. Distrlc= Court ~o ~ale CPSC has authority =o regulate cigarettes. September: CPSC reJec:s'fu.-~Iture manufacturers' petition to regulate c~garecze burnln8 clme before regu!azlm~ upholstery f!a=mability, c!alming'lack .of Jurisdiction over cigzret:es. October: Presidenz Ford asks Nations! Cancer Advisor? Board (NCAB) to assess scientific evidence suppor:i~K responsible re~!atlon of clgaret~e tar and nicotine bevels. November: NCAB makes persia! response to President Ford, whose rea~z~cn the New York Times records as "coo!." U.S. Diszric~ Court denies cigarette manufac'u, re-s'. .pe:i'~ion to dismiss :he Moss sui: requiriz~ CPSC regulate :at and nicozlue levels. December: Fu.-T.IZure manufacturers seek tour= Judgment the= CPSC does have 2urisdiczion over clgare:ze ~u--nlng rates. U.S. afoOt-hey and cigare=te companies again requesz court dismissal of Moss suit, claiming CPSC lacks Jurisdic:ion over cigarette tar IS75 M~ro_____~h: ~T.C's 197& report to Congress a~ain criticizes clgare:te acver:islng bu: make~ no reference .to the advertising investiKation beg~n =he previous April. Sen. MOes, with no reference to hi, court suit, Im~roduces bill =o Kive'CPSC Jurisdiction =o regulate ~&r and mico:ine. e Ma.__Zv: U.S. Dis~ric: Cour: rules in Mose euit tha: CPSC does have authority to regulate tar and nicotine. House and Senate consider bills ~o exempt tobacco ~rom CPSC Jurlsdic:Ion. Ju!_____~v: S~n. Moss reintroduces bill requiring PTC to s~ limits on ~nc nicozine allowable i~ cigare:zes. - 8 - 013A0035

(197~ cont.) ~: He)otis that ~'T~C pla~s to cha:$e cigarette companies for October: ~C racalv~s $50.000 frou P~'~ National Cancer ~ov~be:: Rep. D:im~ (D-Mass.> introd~es bill to stiffen cigarette smoklnE in federal buildinss and lu~ars~a~e u:anspor=a:ion and increase the fede:~! cigarette tax to fund heam=/lunE reset=oh. 1976 Feb:-u~rv_: Sens. Kennedy (D-~.ass.) and ~a== (D-Colo.) introduce bill co ~x cigarettez on car and nicotine concen~, wi=h es=i~a=ed billion added ~nua! :evenue fo= ~ove~men= health research. D..nan Introduce measuzes Sen. Ha=field and ~e?. ~m~: ~C's annual report to Congress says i: 'is Investigating cigarette adve::isi~ ":o dete~Ime ~e:he: ~he:e may be decepcio~ and ~mfai~ess. Preslde~= Ford sign~ feEls!scion ex~p~i~E tobacco f=om CPSC Is=ion, m~king =oo= =he Moss lawsuit ~d =he ~i=ure m~nufac=urers' effort =o O~=Ain regu!a:ion of cigarette ~u~in& rime. ~CC bans smokir.~ In raii=~d dinin~ c~ s but orders sepa=~e coach c~:s foT smokin~ ~nd nousmoking passengers. Ju!~: Gemera! Acco~=i~g Office (G~) urges.Com~ress =o =i~h~en smo~in8 re~ulazlous. AuK~:: Senate defeats, 60-~5, effort to add ~ar:-Kenn~y tar and uico~ine ~ax ~ a pendin8 tax bill. October: ICC ~ends i~s ~97~ regulation, increasing from 20 percen~ the allo~en= of bus seats for ~oker~. Bus opera=ora had requested 50 percent. Claimin~ tobacco smoke a~d radioactivity are ~ealthy combine=ion, Na~ional Park Semite bans smoking In federally o~ed caves. GSA requests "Affi~a~ive ac:ion" by a~ency hea~ In each federal building i: o~e~a~es ~o Impiemen~ ~mokln; re~ric:ion Euldelines Issued In ~9~], a~king "full coopera~ion...Im en~uriu equitable balance is main=ained between ~he rights of nonsmokers and ~hose of - 9 - 01 3A0034

1977 Janua-'L~: ~ep. Drlnan In=roduces bills =o provlda ~nn~xl HEW re~org ADri!: .Sen. Ear: and ~ep. Drimam Iz=roduc~ ~eal~h.~ro~ec=~on Tax Ac~ labeling. ~izis=razi~n's healzh plan will be decreasimg =he n~ber of ~okers. ~ ~rohibics smokiug In mobile passenger lo~s a~ ~ashin~zon's Dul!es Inze~a~ional Airpor=. July: Eouse defe~s what has become an annual effort :o e!imina:e ~oca:co price support ~C's 1976 reporz ~o Congress urge~ limning ~n packs ~d in adver:Isin~ ~he ~leld of "any additional dangerous co=pone~=s of cigare~e smoke, ~he measuramen, of ~.ich c~ be eszablished by "furzher scientific or medical AuZusz: Rep. Penwick (~-N.J.) in=roduc~s measur~ requirin~ asbestos ~n~ cigarez:e =anufac:ur~rs ~o compensa:~ workers disabled by ~plo~en~-relazed diseases "~ause~ by ~he ~nha!a:ion or of asbestos, and/or ghe [nhalac~on of asbescol coupled wlzh inha!ac.ion of cigare=:e gobac:o smoke." October: H~ Secre~a~ Califano orde{s r~va! of a~h~rays from ~c'nfere=ce rooms ~nd posting of no-smokim~ si~s in EE~ e!eva:ors. ~edical devices, asser:In~ a~s izply heal~h claims. naziona! no-s=okin~ day; ~ncrea~ed federal ci~ar~=~ max; a g~ on ¢Iga.re~:e s~!es in HEW buildings; paid time off for federal ~rkers attending stop-s~oking clinics; s~reng:hened package wa~ing; phase-ou= of federal ~obacco supper: programs,' with ~ocia! welfare help for s~al! ~obacco fa~ers. November: Following ¢riglcism of Richmond's proposal ~o end tobacco price suppor~ programs, Califano tells press he will noz "=if: a~ ~indm i ii." - I0 - 013A0035