Tobacco Documents Online

:.t. c, z_ t,i 7 C.' (< flF i C! TF'3 CCS2PC8I2IC3 07 CF4d.4nE7g SNO2C5 T?.^: LF F3:;,}iTS 77!f<,vl> John L. Fithsl aad S. T. R<sYSas Ohio 7:Cata tPni`{.rait7 {AbstracC~ aigaratts sivks hnra bac¢ reported by a aumbar af diftnrent inrast2gators. lrnng the lmom ° cercatitssents nf ths hvzaous phaae of the grinaipel coks stromi are casban monoxidc. earbon diozidaz hTdregen • anliido aa4 hpdragon cymida. Zn tha nr.eaat rork on attnmpt ess sadr to doterains t3aesa ecnetituents aa aer em•atal} ss posrible wdar conditions sinviatiag thoae of emoktng. T1» anauat ot cerbon nonoziES 2a a2ioca ta cerrss7wnd to Tsttcsen 2.1 aad 3.1 aI CO gar cigarstts. 8fdregen sssifids is present ms D.flD13S by Toisses ot the _ gsssaxs phaas and bydrogen epaaids vv not detocted. ` 1asE72caa was Io=d in ths aigaretts anaka end the pras.aes of otlnr uruatzsaLed hl'drooarbons irsdiaatsL. s A csagarwtiso rassaroh cantributian of the P. irsi2lard Co. a.ad the flg4 Re+ earch Facasdwtions 0

The train canaietsd of the ZolloxinQ partes (1) A bubblar santaining a saturated eoiutioa of in 1t2 sultvrie acid. The silTar auifsts rssaras hpdrochlorio snid aad h7droQ a. . •sulfide troa the {;as. , (2). A Lrfdrsis bulb filled sith `IIrierite' to renan sioisturs, (3) A L+Sdsia 0 the earbo ,(!) A L'idrale ];uib fillad with "IIrierit.e' to prarent satranes o~ naiatcQS irca thu rear. The antire dra:lzgg thrnugh it ths s=oke ot flre aidarettes. At the sed otthis tixie the seir;ht of the ;taeerite bulb sas rs- ~ . Ths train vsa iffiedistel7 roscasabled and fixe aars cifarettas snokad. This procesa ssa rspes4ad iutil good ' check results sen obtained, sa•foilosat _ + I}ateraina. ' Ssi€ht Yab+as CIIg . ' tion ~ C6~_ ._in rt, . Assrags ?T53+ss q.EEOC 140.9E

u The tirst natsriai ariiah cssss through had a ctrhon-h7dregan of atcst of tar7 s7sariy 111. to aa5ap cut the ramainiag nttariaZ. This L't.Cdn . 4.Db92 g. St.II9U 0.0{77 g. iJt.1 ~L,9 lStar tha hoiiixg iaad starad dam sw.rhtt ot-'arr fractiona tare obtained rtctch gare t ecaait.arabiF hifihar ratio of hfdrogen to car8aa u the tecatM Zatatian. Et.3'"4 8m• S cigcraitas thia souid ba . , - 0.O40.S g. 04179 g. 4hasa rasuits appaarad-to issdiettt the praaence ar ~ uniatssrstad h7drocarboas in the anota, xisiZa the ratio firat ~ obtained tugyestad the 7rasoacs af tcet72esa. The relatiral7 ~ ~ • ~ hLgh rctios of &Fdrogaa to car7rm in tirt Last ptrt of the disti2ltta tagid be azp2ainad at being dua to the grssanot ~ a) of ditfarant h}drecahazui ar to trteaa cf~aciatura carried 43,:a94 S. it. ££s.y 1S I Ratia cii£- 114 PinalZfr the trap saa aarmad b7 a ratar bath and nitroGaa 0 ~~..~~

Za rcast or tho Yarks a p7rax tuba 3 ca. ia diaatar and 3€S cu. ioag, packed ta a dapth of 23 ca. with 2fg ioeb, singie turn, i`Jrez glana haiiaes, su piaaed ia the train iffiediatei7 ia back of each eigeratt. boider. 5uch a caiu3a aitactixclr trapa the 1iquld eoastituenta or the emora aad ia sasity cicaned.. The iife af such a cniuen approzinnta 594 cigarettae and the tsr a.T be aztracted troa the catm', b7 suitabie soisont.. Precipitation or tho cciloidai aaake garticlas b7 n silant aisatrical diacharge aas accosplianed by passin; the snoka thronch a. 12.5 iach Liebia Coadanaer jacket carersd ces the outaids with tisLoil and haris~- a ceatrq.71 eleatroda of if9 inch stsiniess stan2 rod b.id in piaee tT rubber stappars. The tinfoil and ceatral electrode nare attached neparntioa ia aFfsctira but ~ hsa a dissdrantag. in that aono aaone is producad rhich fii}5at ozidiae aoas or tha reducing coaposads in the aoake.' restigatioa intolr.d usa or tha Ez=ia1tirn or the IIaaoaus thaaa _ ' a- Deteminatim.x of Caricn DLazSCe Carbon diazida ru dstsrxiaad bjr psssing'tha Cas.ms phasn af the saoka throu?h an adsarptioa tr.in -• keaaribed in Pouikla nates on qn.atit.•a.- anaipais.(2i • 000 ro2t travforaer aperating at 12

i i: ','j '- €'~.. ..; t:. _' i.au,cxnr,ixa 1.# 1 C: O F i i F# IIaing t atsndasd tonttir.ing O.Nt?i35 g. Rg9. 80 ai8+u'*ttas gs» a raic5a of 0.:3D3T5E C. SigS {a+rarcQe of tsa runa). . . • esas atcadard, 40 cic,nrattee rara t TelcS of 4.0`Y.}L75 p,, %.4. 4'hsas Taiuas aarr+apond to ueiELt at 0.012 siliigrs:s p.r aigsrstts or s.oiuca Dnreent of - Q.t7IIi?}'l12g In the [aokl. _1 IIntnre3natien of 7[edraran Cva[sida S1ia prenance vf tracas of h;dragaa tFenida In tignrctts , p¢oke has bacn repartad VT fchalloru')i ;tasor k fi'.ahiiCi¢) - snd da Caaposs'`ff. The cuthore Oare uan~a3eA horesar, to detect this compauad bI ap„Iicatian tt tLs STsualnn 92ua Sast 3r:;Ich is t.`>s sost aanzitiva egzcific aathot for hjdrogm t7snide. It is pnsaihta thonPh t2Fat anp ESCdt preaent aaT hsre been ramarad LT the tar trag siacs 3eha22arfi31 reported as of catto¢ filters affactFralT fiitarad It aut. Cj {77

'r7*.~ C03F'fv2FSQS aA fI'3k7!~i78 ~3F,^..~8 7IF': C~5^079 7Tfi.:.e a The corpositiaa or tobss:o aaaYs is a matter ef ccnsidsr- abia interaat. partieularl7 ia xiax or its paasibls phYtic2ae- icai efSaots. Iareatigatioas af the acnstitusuts or the ~" snoke ha>a been reported principaitT In nedioai and pharas.. cauticai jaurnnls. 7SuaIa or it has beoa qualitntire Is aatura aod only A smal2 part has been ctrricd out sm3ar aoa- dit2ons timilnr (o aorva2 ana$ing. The prasant <ork is aa attsapt to detorrrrrr~~~}iae as acourats27 ss passibLa the nature sad a=o+mts or t#ja substances present in the saaka. uadar canditiona as ii4FFFf those or nornal aa~Ying as petaibie. ~is paper is coa'aeraed grisariij sith the coastituanta at the gasaaus pi:as,~ at the principal snake strnnaF i.e. that i part of the anaYe drasa ttxaugh the cisaratt.. The Rnakinr L:acAina . Zu crdar ta calleot avsosuts or cigaratte saaks auf- ricioat far, aasl7s anchins ia n.cassarT. 22cis dsfia* s3aa¢Ld sinulato. as claaaip aa posaibi., the aatioa at the as.rags sacker. iba a.ci.ine osed in this work it3 eza.pt far air.or chang.a the asas u that aapla7ed by $radford. Iiarlcn and Eazzmsr.ft3 Siace this acehfas Ss dascribed In their pubiication repetition .ou2d be superfiss- ac.. .'.nftice it to stT ttst by s suitabla arrangs.ent af a wtter 6ars:te anII a four rar ta2cs actoa4sd bf a aator.

ftaaz is applied altsraat.l7 ta tato- cif,arattas in a ammaar vor7 lirs the action ot a smaksr. 8ach cig.rstt. 2s p,ffad tor two soconds azu0 each cinuts ia ¢uch a r€1 aa to dras 40 ah. of air t<`zraup~x the eigaratta. The rs- sclting principal scaka atraax ia led thraugh a dariae which segaratas tDa nan gaseaus part (Si4uid ar ealid) af ths aaak* frw the gaseoua. The iattsr ia then conductad tSrms3h a train ot atrsorb.nts such as Is naadod f= the dstsrainatian t»Sng xsds. Under noraal conditiona it Is possibla to aaoka about 2W oigicrattes iis azt 6 honr daf. 4 ftrs cigarattcs used are a, standard brand provided b7 the aaspsat a•hicT4 sponsors the inraati~atica, F€c att=pta Lare baan nad..to condnct corparatiYS tests uz Qitfer.nt brands af Cib;ratta3• dcnnrni Gherr_cteri It b.s bean recorded litarature >_~d ccntirsrod in our laborator7 that th. principa2 sa:ak. strsxx {t•'ut dreva thrfleerQii tha siagr tcid.ia rhi2e the secaaCar7 ancks streas (t`orssd at tbt dig*iag and ot the cir.;ratts, betrran yatZs) is s3kaL'n.. This snggasts that tE.a ascandarT atrsna aaf contain aobstances not fmad in thrv priasrs atraaa. 'iha pr.aaat in<e.tiCsticn, keak. straaa. hossx.r, has beon confined tc axt erasiaati= or ths prineip.I

~ i L t.i ccs.z { .. aka 4•aa cigara appears to cantain a aach grester sa+uit af carbon aEUnazid.. Zhamss(3'i') hoanvers a ot' cigar smasca using a hc4cg2abin taat ahorinp, 7.42 mi. Co par grnn. ". . 4'!xe r.+asona ior such tariations, undoubtsdlT lie in the raanar cf nnsiysiss in the netbcds of rao:-1ng and ig the ears with which IaCarlsriag sub;b+maos are roao-r.d., Proc.durna based cw the redncing power of carboa nonuzidsi such as us~ of iadine peataside, or paitadi~n chioride are au6Jeet to aeupicioa rsniaaa other roduaing anbstaacas are u accr,ietaiy rasored or ahosi to t» absent. i7et.ra:nationa based m use of cuprosss' chloride ara alto suhjact to cur- r.cticn if acatyianic bydrocarbena are present. Saroral diFturant nethods Sarn tried in tEa proaeat rork, and tfm nethod iinaiSf decided cn waz to resare .rerT carban cosPo*md poaaibie azcept c:rbon aaonorf.da and tiaa to ozidize the latter vith heated copper oxide and detornina the r.avltin> carScn diozide. 2he absorption train far this detcrain.tioa was aa e, which ia aqvisaieat to about 33 aEi. per aiea.ratte.. A bubbler tubs containing a.aturat.d solution of aii'sr, .uifats in itl sulfuric acid (to rocon &C1 aad.E$.7}. (E) Driarit# in a kidrais bu2b ta ras.ara aoiaturs. {3} Ascarita in a YSdra1, bulb to raaors carbaa dioxide.

Saparntinrt nt the Cul .,~ ~r.,nrn~~ ~>s Tobacco smoke consists of two distiact phases, a gaseaus phase ahich includes such aoapounds as carbou dioxide, hidragan suifidst carbcci nonazide and other aatarials shich ars gaseoau at ordiaarF taaporatsses, and a'13qvid' phaae shich consists of particiea. of coiloida2 size, which sre or saiids at ordinary teapernturas. In preriaus EnrastS~aEoas a nxab.r of diffaroat methaGs i1ATe bfe6 Steed ta separate the p2[Saes. EraR(tardT iI2r12n andSassaer(lI collected the sacke in a 1arLa flaak and si= la+red it to settle. Qthar iaTesticatars gassed the saoks thraupp solvents auah as e2zho.ona or tlxroc;j~ su2furia t snid. 'fhe sed4aentation afthod appeared to b: too slow and _ ` the uae of solxents introduced naa eonpounda into the snaoous phus. ButiVria scid could reao:e nane at the gaseoun constituents. It raa decided to trf to separata the ZI$nid partiaies by takiag advsntegs of their colloidai properties such as rdaarptioa on t Large surfaas or precipitation by a silent eiectrica2 discharge. In sous preliaisirl experiu.nts the rmks sas dramn thrauf.h tubes paoksd loazelT with filaaa rool. This darias tu canpletelT affcctira but it ras found that the rerj ~ large surfac. ot the glass wool resulted iu such prassnead ,~ adsarption that it sss difficult to sztract tfie tarrl ~ taat.riai. In later sxperiusata saoti gius h?.licea sra C1~ substituted lar ths gi.aas raaL with axcelieat rarutts.

Zf it ia nsa¢aad that c1I1 tha vsrboa diazida is fc.ud bf oiidat£on oC earSoa aoaorSde, nsstecting tt:a h7drogeni thia vou2d regresaat aprirozLxatsl7 0 ai. CO per cigarettr er aboat 3.0: C?i ia the snota. It vouid aaron obvioua, -ho.ax er that eithar hydrogeu a£a¢e, or uwter vapor or aova h7drogen tnntsiniisg organia can;ovznd ras greaent In the •soke, and thasa resuLta tra thorarara not re.F.tabie. Innortioit ar additioaal driarita ba;bs In the trrSa did net altar the a=oimts of nater and cnrbon diozide forAad In tba eosbustioa. air was placod just bafore tha combus train, xs the £Srat nbaorbint. h=drGd ciy,arattes sara saakad and th> aake vaa led thra tha eoapi.te train. hnaiTais a.rs neds ef the gas pasaing thrmzv3t the trap, m the E:si: or ateZ1 S cigarrttos. Altar the 170 aiFarottss had bosa caokad it res obaarrad that a laa12 szosmt of t uhits solid had ao)3act.d In tlsc t.rcp. 4cctifirsnca of L'za+tKcr.ntcd tF9f.racarbana ia C?-rrntta :->~}_a In crdar to ob6ain an sapros!ste an¢I7a£a'of the trcppod aat in the ezparinant doraribad nbo.., the aeehisu was stoppad, aad the liqnid air bath ramosed. +Ts .hit- solid In the trap ias +t17.os.d to asit and tha rasulta.a liquid permitted to boil aYayt a Littlo at a tS~s, throsZja the oaa7vrtioa tube# thua afSerdinC a ro+vz.t i7aetian.tim.

aa ahaarptioa tubss u a rnsait or the rapid p:aaegs of the ges. Iioaerar, the £eet that masII of ths• utarial Talatllized eonsidarab2f below the toillsi,q point of sator and the obnarration that the trapped out natarial had rn odor charactoristia of uxssatmnt.ff 3iT•droearbans such as ~ butadt.n. axo;qsst that this cnteriai is iargeiY h7drocarbca ; Sa natiss. - - tnal7ris or Lha Caw Fnrain,a, through th_a trap. descrl4ad above aas bain; coiivatad. analysis se i re nade of tne gsa passing tSrough the trapi b7 drtnruiaatioa of the axo+mt of sater and C9g torssd on eaebuatiaa. The raaalta ars sba.n LaAaaf oaeh result being on the Lasia of fire cigasettra. iL.t"i--Q . t7t.CEk' 0.0175 g. - 0.0.'..75 g. 4.C219 g.. 4.2415 g. 0.f31II1 g. " . -4.t`..^=t&I g. 7Ft.CQ {baazd on 0,0150 g. 4.405i g. 9.O;h?7 g. :, bi~ nn3C 0.0104 F. .. O.OiSt3 fi. 0.4i^.I K> 0 corrsctad 4.43E3S g. 4.4SIIS g. Q.+C.^#E 6: alaragr a ' 2anyth ct tis. corraspaading to that requirs .rLca ac-lazSds Ss calculated on the basis at COS without eonsidcring t2» hgelraqen this riomt ¢ould rrpresant about a,O ai. ot CO par ei;,aretta {at °i«. Lnd 85oO or 4.9,°~. CO in the sao<a. F- 'f9x of tus facts haiLTara

0 RRMVVC-14 1. tferdfcrde T. A., 3tarinn 1. i{. r.nd La=¢r, St. $.s iad. F',s8. Choa. Z{Ir IIS6-4 (2438) 2. Paui't. C.ft., Yopar, Fi. 4. an6 1ee8evfn. 8., Intrv- ductorP )toto on luaati:xtico Annl~'sis, -~~~zeagayC^d by D'. L. Piadrlc'c, CaLuahuss 4hia ;2HSU) . B. Yonta.g, 3. 3. 7,ait imtarsuehung da nsPU-urtgamittci VS (13J3) G?J-$2 ' 4. Arastro¢r. If. II. *s i:~ans, E. Y. IIritiaII kod. T. I., 443-5 [1&22} 5. Bmmbargar, 3. F.s j. TIIarzu.oalna7 gt. P.S-ST {Z7Dal 8. Hegen, Pesi1, S. .m. Isd. Asan. D3, 2130-{ (i3?4) 7. tfrrce2at. Ft. 8te11. Suo. Cham. 5-is fiaG-B {1£LT B} $. Saruta, tf.a 7tznc$a Acta. ged. _2. SII4 (1939) n Cl:oson liad. .4sa. 27, DQC-4 (Eagi. thstr. 10. de Yoo 6, J. a., Z: ratc da 3.lydea, A.s Rat. 4te ~ id3-8 f1S33) j 21. Tncaaa, Rer. 4. Dnusach. Fharis. f#aa. X, (14tYJ) ZS-Sl. • 20 siters T., .'sit f. Aacl. IIvra. M, 522 (1DtT?) 33. A1tZer1. 4.`J.r 6as ,inai7ais, PubllsFed by S-.oricca ¢as lasocia92oa, 14f5 p. i:4 IS. 3scoba. 3€. U.r Tha Ann$7ki Poiaonas Esssds, 8 Salrenta 1711, p. 258 IS. Echaller~ Ftudolt, I?1,9 7-1Q us6 iLi c c: Znduatri2i sod Reprint, Ostcrr, ?ai~akregta -Aj CRea: 'je5. aasar, 8. & dtnhiit tt.. Zeit S. ratorsuc}:uag d. yey.nsvsitLai 07. 284-4 (1.^.34) . 17. 6s Caepaa. if.it., Ancls faculdaGS icra. adortols facLr. &aa Pculo 2. 25-2t (1954-i6f .

. a'+C! LFS*: T; i . - thatr the gas stresa ir szapt fa1rlT rapidiT th_rovgn the Siqsid air trap It avuld seoa praSabi= that f.ha tra.pping - ts. Zf ane caksa the a4erer,e eoapoaitica u that ar the bienlc uxd tY..t t`.a ssaaaa i GtrSou diozi.da o>sca 1rca carbon aouazide tha azavnt af't*a Iatter can be caicuiateas'=ns 2.1 al. CO per ciCaratte or Lt.4QS aL tte saoYa. . ?hun it ravld aaom pizueibia to set the cicunt of car6on , smaozida in the .axi;cs as 4otxeea 2.1 ai. and J.3 rS. per eigaretto or 0.48 to 0.9% CO ia the eaote, " Confir-st4cs of ths rrceesca of t.cat_rienic Slff,rnccrbaos In order to coalirn the preaeace ot ecat73nna the liquid eolieotad in ths liquid air Lray fraa the saaYic+p, at 3.'E ~ aigarettes sas allowad to taZatilu t3sosCh trubbl.er tubes t,t.i cn~ coAta4niag a: aviacai cuprosss ah2oride aeco di t th ~ f r ng a . Ystind of l. Sc.'tsitsr.fl21 A rod preripitata ar capprr acatTlida .as farand and the evaeact or ac.t7zaae csicui.t.d 4LY, frcm the reight of ac.t7iids a"rsagea3ad to 0.05 ta 0.1 n2. C~ aCltTlanM1 per 6lG-Otta. ' . In an attaapt to ehseX t3m uaavnt rS acatTisno grasent patDodr dascrlbad Dj-a. J. Aitieri.(2.3# s" mad. This aethad iaaolssa gaaeizcU the E;as tarouqh a2cohaiic •iiru' nitrata and titratiCg, tho liberated ril.tric acid. a Sb. Taisma ot ccet73caa indlcatad bT tfsia h.L res about '(~

r}S.rattea aliar rhirh ths E7riari£a md +Zaearita bulbs fotiasing tLa coabaitica trrifi 1 .:are aeigtssd and thr actual Qatarmiaatimz .tartad. A angla ~ 6storrSnatica inroZnd the asaking af fira ci-Zarattea. , U7 ,nifiaaa6 guantiLis: aL noi+tssr+ rara fosttd In the ~ SiF O 2trisrita Mx7,b fadiaaLSq; that sr.aa canpamd cmtainSng ~, -----...- -..-~.,.-.-... .v...._.~_ A ean'suzLiau tubs Y'.' 2c-1K and Zf{~ In diasstat toatainicg a 4 112- pi~{ ef cop2ar azid+ Yirf+ baatad to S10°C b7 aenns of ea elaatr£a fxa-n+.cs. Driarita iA a Kidvala Lubs to aol3aat aik7 *akei ferned. a a Lidrala bulb to absorb thn carbaa ; dioxide fcrsad. YSzad-taeu-i£a Frierits In a4drai. balb to . preaant abxcrgtZoa nf moiatcra or carban dinzidt Srca the air. ~ Mti GO'f y aror s3th th. 6as. 1Tsia fact, ai• cavrns, rsndara the carbon acaozfds detrrainatiaa ie:a accuraia £haa ~ it .cutd bs athersia.. g.eutta %ra airan In Y1ve follaring tablsl 1 O.Cf3Gy 4 0.5{UT E Q.Q3&7 ~ 0.0121 lrsr" 4.+JS•77 £+7S4:u Sva5°& cu£ the d.taraiuation the Eraia lircC *cs 1ft. C:za

i i u This quantit7 of aaat73eae Is not enough to aca,nust for the diff.rencss obaerxed rhoa a liquid air trag Sa vsed. Aaa27cis or the combustion tigurss ha[ore saC aftsr ase of tSis air trap indioatas that the natariai trarpod csst ' Lat an trsraF;e tarbon-h7drog.a ritio or about 132. bsfore usc af trap ritL usa of trap diffarance 0.6377 D.v1GI 0.032K ' It Is bciie.aitharafore that other h7drocarhaas cra . present in tho trapped out saterial and a furYhor icaesti- gatian is beirsg saa.de af their a¢tsrs. - . } isater,-inaticn of P.7d'rai?'n z'+13tide . 4 The datcrsination of hydrogen sulfide uaa attaapt.d b7 , three diffartat Eattia3e (Y) A$33prp tioa by aA?ljdrotta aopjtT. su2fata oa p,mices (2) dbscrptian L7 assopiaec2 ca'`ryir.et ._ sorption b7 siue acatate aaiutian roiZosod . b7 reactiaa siae p-dimot`.~72saittoassi2iaa hYdrorhieride ;n prasence of ferric ehtoridea to praGucs >mthgioas bias. (Lnai;ticalLheaisfs7 of Sa3en4ia2 Poiaoas, att. by #. n. . Jaabsj.~'~~ 2he first tso af these metaods grvrad im- practicti because the seoUsts isfeoZrsd ar. co aaaiZ. 7he third rssthad ars szeel3uat resu2ti s}.ScL aa7 Ds conaidersd ~ acc>gatn since ssath7lana blue is a ass]£sm containiryq d7s ~- aad the rsatticn is, th.ralcrs. a"ciiYt. P.aauitt aecording Cr) to tlsis test, which is a color raaqari.an tssts fciias. " ~ . ~ ~

.• _ .' r a i i± #i . , x~~srs+:c M } ~. ~ t..' S # s4 . =sas;_r.u.cts .`1! C: 5 aach requirsQ li pufta or a totai roiuas of 440 ai. or nir. SU rolttas yer erut or L9q ras calcuiatad to b. 7.77Ss .dxith rapreeents about J1 ai. per ciSarstt.. Shis eaius ia fiigh fip the aaount or carbou dioxide in the air itaell. The latter trarsges o.tCSII'a by fotssasl a taicis rhich ia fe12 • s azpari3entai orror of the ancli-aia. TAa r.iue Ti-da dstsra3n:tian Yaa aade by vsing, pai2adlzm thlaride and reported i1.4 a.l. CO pcr p-aa or abwft 30 ai. per cigarstt¢. it sSSo snb}eat to rsTiaion if other acidic coa¢titu¢nts ' • ure round. b. IIetorasinaticu or Cesb¢n 2an¢xi<e 8aporta of the a:cuat of earbna vonozide in tiEaratta tmoka {crF not ro2T *ith different inre.tiGatora bvt, aa aight be ezpa¢teda with the conditisns or s3aking, 3.1. ?antai a aauis* of the redvcirC, poror or the euate. I = S. Y. SraruM nsed iadine pentazids and ~ ~ ~ Zsig Fogan}C4 foend ahout d cZ. per aigarstts. aad Lsres2.ta ~ ~ ))t)t 1A s.-47} Be--S6 ai- per qrsa {about 20 al. per rigarstta.) reported 0.5 to 0.2% CO ia the aaokss or abo¢t 2.6 - 4 yl. CO per oigaratts. S. g..8a>mberg¢tt$} aisa used iodine paatoFidd and reported a*alae of 6.1 ai. per grs>: or tobsccos or approsimatalf d a2. p•ar cigarette, Ytticti a¢u2d be iner.ased considerably sith an intonsiti¢d rats or s>oking. '3sruta{$} repart.d S{ aai. per cigarette trut gtso ao data ai I I Q} ger c gars a thi2s oog rapor s. a 4 . s t ia -1 v a( 1D) t z t s zx c i a d tba ssiiiod or dstaminatiau Tsvcsaf4} ss7a i3.d-to Zi.5 al. :~.