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85 IV. SWRI BABOON STUDY SMOKING EXTREMES EXPERIMENT W. H. Griest, R. A. Jenkins, R. B. Quincy, and A. H. Marshal7 At the Southwest Research Institute (Sara Antonio, TX) baboons are being trained to actively smoke a"Special Experimental Cigarette° (SEC) in a study being sponsored by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Insti- tute. Since the baboons actively smoke the cigarettes, it is the animal and its smoking patterns which determine the amount and quality of smoke generated from the cigarette, rather than a machine. The principal in- vestigator of the project, Dr. Walter Rogers, has identified a bimodal distribution of smoking patterns among the baboons. Some take a long deep puff, whereas others take several shallow, short puffs. At the request of NCI S&HP management, in cooperation with Dr. Rogers, ORNL undertook a set of chemical analyses of the smoke of the SEC (not an NCI variant), in which the smoke was generated under conditions which were thought to best represent those of the bimodal distribution, plus standard analytical smoking conditions. For readers interested in more detail, a copy of Topical Report "58 is attached following this brief discussion. Analytical smoking machines were modified to obtain the following smoking parameters: Condition I: One 40-ml puff per minute of 4 seconds duration, with approximately ten puffs to consume the cigarette. Condition II: Four 5-ml puffs per minute of 1 second duration, with approximately 45 puffs to consume the cigarette. Not surprisingly, since Condition I is fairly close to analytical conditions, per cigarette deliveries of selected • constituents were close to :those obtained under anlaytical conditions. The s exception to this were oxides of nitrogen, of which Condition I produced about a third more. Constituent deliveries on a per cigarette basis under Condition II (which is how the baboon's "smoke dose" is determined) were u 1/10 to 1/4

86 those of analytical conditions. Interestingly, even the concentrations of constituents in the smoke atmosphere (i.e. constituent weight per liter of smoke) were substantially lower than those of Condition I and analytical smoking. Thus, it was concluded that not only do baboons smoking according to puff parameters of Condition II get less smoke constituents, but that smoke is much less harsh than that which the baboons smoking with long deep puffs receive.