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33 III. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SMOKES OF FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC COMMERCIAL CIGARETTES R. B. Quincy, W. H. Griest, and A. H. Marshall NCI's Smoking and Health Program has been directing increasing attention to the association of smoking and cancer on a world-wide basis. Because of differences among nations in the epidemiology of cancers in smoking populations, NCI has been investigating the differences in the chemistry of smokes of vari- ous foreign cigarettes. ORNL, at the request of S&HP management, has been providing the analytical chemistry support for this project. During the past reporting period, we have analyzed the smokes from 76 brands of various foreign. and domestic commercial variants. Generally, constituents for which we have analyzed have been limited to those thought to have the greatest biological impact. In this section, highlights of findings are reported. Appropriate Topical Reports are appended for those seeking greater detail. PhilippineCigarettes. Two sets of Philippine domestic cigarettes (total of 25 brands) were analyzed for TPM, tar, nicotine, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Comparison was made between the normal king-size length and the "luxury length" brands (100 & 120 mm). Not surprisingly, the 100 and 120 mm length cigarettes averaged substantially greater deliveries of the constituents measured. Two of the brands analyzed (More Menthol 120's and Saratoga Menthol 120's) are brands licensed by American companies for production and consumption in the Philippines. Interestingly, the tar and nicotine deliveries for the two brands averaged between 30110 and 65% greater than those of their American domestic counterparts but were in the same delivery range on the other Philippine domestic 12U`s. See Topical Report #'s 49 and 61. t-~ CT9

34 Italian Cigarettes. Thirteen brands of Italian domestic cigarettes were analyzed for TPM, tar, nicotine, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. Results indicated that the Italian cigarettes are beginning to mimic the tar and nicotine deliveries of the imported American varieties. See Topical Report #66. U.S. Low Tar pomestics. Sixteen brands of "low-tar" American domestic cigarettes were analyzed for TPM, tar, nicotine, CO, C02, hydrogen cyanide, acrolein, and oxides of.nitrogen deliveries. This work suggested that there may be significant differences of constituent levels in different production runs for the same cigarette brand. See Topical Report #`s 51-A and 53. South Florida Variants. Six brands (three filter and three non-filter counterparts) of cigarettes produced (presumably for consumption by the Cuban immigrant population) in the Miami, Florida area were analyzed for deliveries of TPM, tar, nicotine, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, acetalde- hyde, hydrogen cyanide, acrolein, isoprene, and oxides of nit.rogen. Generally, filtered cigarettes delivered about 40% less tar than their non-filtered counterparts. For one pair, different nicotine:TPM ratios suggested that selective filtration of particulate phase constituents may occur. Also, one filter brand possessed a much higher concentration of acrolein in its vapor phase than the non-filter counterpart. See Topical Report # 68. United Kingdom - UK Export - Foreign Liscenced. Twenty-six varieties of cigarettes purchased in developing nations and Great Britain were analyzed for deliveries of TPM, nicotine, tar, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Data indicated that some brands made in the UK for export were higher in smoke delivery than their counterparts produced for UK domestic consumption. Brands liscenced 7

by British companies for overseas production possessed much higher tar and nicotine deliveries, which in turn, were very similar to levels delivered by local domestic brands. Interestingly, American brands exported to Kenya were quite similar in smoke delivery to their counterparts produced for US consump- tion. See Topical Report # 70.