Tobacco Documents Online

: Table 2--Total Deaths and Deaths Attributable to Smoking by Age and Sex, United States, 1990° Total Smoking-attributable deaths deaths Number Percent Total < 1-34 150,542 3,083 2.0% 35-64 454,866 121,275 26.7 > 65 1,542,493 292,471 19.0 All agesb 2,148,463 416,829 19.4 Male < 1-34 102,882 1,855 1.8 35-64 286,762 84,804 29.6 > 65 723,370 188,937 26.1 All agesb 1,113,417 275,597 24.8 Female < 1-34 47,660 1,227 2.6 35-64 168,104 36,470 21.7 > 65 819,123 103,534 12.6 All agesb 1,035,046 141,232 13.6 $These numbers are slightly lower than those published by CDC in August 1993. OTA used preliminary mortality data from NCHS in making these estimates. CDC estimates that 418,690 U.S. deaths were attributable to smoking in 1990. °Age-specific numbers of deaths do not add to the total because of a small number of deaths with unknown age of death. SOURCES: Office of Technology Assessment as calculated using the SAMMEC 2.1 program, 1993; USDHHS, PHS, CDC, NCHS, Advance Report of Final Mortality Statistics, 1990 41(7) Supplement, January 7, 1993.

Table 3--Smoking-Attributable Direct and Indirect Financial Costs by Age and Sex, United States, 1990 Direct costs (millions of $) age Indirect morbidity costs (millions of $) age Indirect mortality costs° (millions of $) age 35-64 65 + Total 35-64 65 + Total 35-64 65 + Total Male $11,315 $3,395 $14,710 $3,507 $1,171 $4,678 $25,088 $4,411 $29,499 Female 3,077 2,988 6,065 2,019 187 2,207 8,250 2,548 10,798 Total 14,392 6,383 20,775 5,527 1,358 6,885 33,339 6,959 40,298 °The indirect mortality cost estimates are based on a 4 percent rate to discount future lifetime earnings and exclude deaths of persons under age 35. SOURCE: Office of Technology Assessment, as calculated using the SAMMEC 2.1 program, 1993. jasose~ss

P, Table 4--Cost of Smoking by Type of Cost*and Sex, United States, 1990 (Page 1 of 2) Type of cost by sex Cost (millions of $) Percent distribution Per capitab Per smoker° Per packd Total $67,958 100.0% $272 $1,078 $2.59 Direct cost 20,775 30.6 83 329 .79 Hospital 14,419 69.4 58 229 .55 - Physician 2,689 12.9 11 43 .10 Nursing home 2,332 11.2 9 37 .09 Medication 1,208 5.8 5 19 .05 Other professional 127 0.6 1 2 .01 Indirect cost 47,183 69.4 189 748 1.80 Morbidity 6,885 14.6 28 109 .26 Mortality° 40,298 85.4 162 639 1.54 Men, total $48,887 100.0% $196 $1,354 $1.86 Direct cost 14,710 30.1 59 407 .56 Hospital 11,533 78.4 46 319 .44 Physician 1,365 9.3 5 38 .05 Nursing home 1,137 7.7 5 31 .04 Medication 597 4.1 2 17 .02 Other professional 78 0.5 0 2 .00 Indirect cost 34,177 69.9 137 947 1.30 Morbidity 4,678 13.7 19 130 .18 Mortalitya 29,499 86.3 118 817 1.12 Women, total $19,071 100.0% $76 $707 $.73 Direct cost 6,065 31.8 24 225 .23 Hospital 2,887 47.6 12 107 .11 Physician 1,324 21.8 5 49 .05 Nursing home 1,195 19.7 5 44 .05 Medication 611 10.1 2 23 .02 Other professional 49 0.8 0 2 .00 Indirect cost 13,005 68.2 52 482 .50 Morbidity. 2,207 17.0 9 82 .08 Mortalitya 10,798 83;0 43 401 .41 RsflSe&se

Table 4--Cost of Smoking by Type of Cost and Sex, United States, 1990 (Page 2 of 2) Note: Numbers may not add to total due to rounding. Figures apply to the population age 35 and over. °Discounted at 4 percent. bTotal United States resident population as of July 1, 1990 (U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, U S, Population Estimates, b}LA@e, Sex, Race, and Hispanic Origin: 1980 to 1991, Table 1, pg. 4). `Smokers include both current and former smokers as of 1990 (smoking prevalence rates: 1990 National Health Interview Survey). Per smoker estimates for males include only male smokers; estimates for females include only female smokers. aTotal United States consumption of cigarettes, 1990 (U.S. Department of Agriculture, Tobacco Situation and Outlook Report, September 1992, Table 1, pg. 4). SOURCE: Office of Technology Assessment, as calculated using the SAMMEC 2.1 program, 1993.

` Table 5--Smoking-Related Government Spending for'Providing Personal Health Care, 1990 Breakdown of expenditures Amount (millions of $) Share of total Total government spending $8,878 Level of government Federal 6,257 70% State/Local 2,621 30 Government program Medicare 3,478 39 Medicaid 2,678 30 Other" 2,722 30 Age group 0-64 4,544 51 65 and over 4,334 49 Note: Numbers may not add to total due to rounding. 80ther Federal Government smoking-attributable direct medical expenditures include those of the following programs and agencies: Workers' Compensation; Department of Defense; Maternal and Child Health; Vocational Rebabilitation; Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration; Indian Health Service; and miscellaneous general hospital and medical programs. Other State and local expenditures include those of the Temporary Disability Program, Workers' Compensation, General Assistance, Maternal and Child Health, Vocational Rehabilitation, hospital subsidies, and school health. Sources: Levit, K.R., Lazenby, H.C., Cowan, C.A., et al., "National Health Expenditures, 1990," Health Care Financing Review, 13(1):29-54, Fall 1991, Table 12; USDHHS, HCFA, ORD, Program Statistics: Medicare and Medicaid Data Book. 1990, HCFA Pub. No. 03314 (Baltimore, MD:1990), Table 4.23; Waldo, D.R., Sonnefeld, S.T., McKusick, D.R., et al., "Health Expenditures by Age Group, 1977 and 1987," Health Care Financing Review, 10(4):111-120, Summer 1989, Table 3.