Tobacco Documents Online

Through these research proc-ams, ccnce_•-~-...ei atte*pts are beir.c 7sce to zr~..an3 our }a:owlecge of smcki.ng and nealth-related cuesticns. ':".-:e xsit.icn of the tobacco ir)cust.•v is that the answers w-i'? : e found cnl,,r t.rct:ch scL:nd, cbjec- tive scientific inqu; .*y. To this enc, its =tiit--i---:t to researr..h is s.:,bstanti.al. Ccr.c'_usicn In recent years, ssroking has beccme an ea,-,, target for pecole anxicus to solve our nation' s health prcblem. But these probler.is ~ai? 1 not be solved by icr.ori.^.g the scientific cazple.•cities si=LTdi^g smekir.g and health issues. Nor will they be resolved by legislation that interferes with the perscr.al choices of a large section of the populaticn, and has the cotential for unfavorabie social and political ircpacts. onl.y an ebjec-,ive analysis of the evide-rice aryd the contint,ed pursuit of scientific ]Qiowler:ge can help resolve t'^.cse prcble::s. It is to be hoped that the Panel, with the assistance of its Project Director, will present, after full consideraticn ef the issues, a balz.r.cer3 analysis. I I I I I I j I I- I -124-

i R=,E::C.:S I I I I I I I i I i j 1 ~ ! i 1. G~••15tr=, J. , "Rising Lung- C3ncer MOi-`'~.~...~il`' NC^.3iY;}Ce_''s, " J_ ::c:::l Cancer L^5t 62 (4) . 7s;-760, h.a'il, 1979. 2, U.S. ?t:b~~ cc i?eatth S,,_-r_ce, _1-'nokir.(z ar.d ::ea1tZ. of the ?cvisorv Catr,uttee to the Surce^..n Ger.eral or t.e ?:blzz Heer=n Sz...^rice, Depzr-_ie*:t oz ~ 1, r: ;:cat~n dWelfare, PNS P.:biiat+cn No. 1103, 1964. 3. Hku)cley, J., Trans=iat, .ti'ews CG:nfere.^.ce Pe.d eased by U. S. Public F.eal th Service, JanLar_r 11, 1964. 4. Rosenblatt, ,K. , Statement, U.S., Ccngress, House, Catmittee cn Interstate and Foreign Corcirprce, Ci ett~e Labe.li:.Q and Advertisir.g - 1969, Hearing, 91st Ccng. , 1st Sess. , april 15-30 and MayT, 1969 (Washingtcn: G~e_Y:rne.zt Printing Office, 1969), pp. 1255-1271. 5. U.S. Public Health Service, Smokir.a and Health. A Re=_ ort of the Stscecn General, Depax-.,ent of Y-:ealtn, £ucaticn arri welfare, DhffW__Publ caucn No. TTZ-37T66, 1979. 6. Ibid. 7. Sterling, T., "A Review of the Claim that Eccess Morbidity and Disability Can be Ascribed to Smkir.g," J Am Stat Assoc 66(334): 251-257, June, 1971. 8. Berkson, J. ,"Sankinr and Lmg Cancer: Sane Cbsesvaticns on Tsao Recent Reports," JAn Stat Assoc 53 (281) : 23-38, 1958. 9. U.S. Public Health Service, Siing and Health, 1964. 10. Lees, T., Statement, Carada, House of Ca:mons, Standing Coin.uttee on Health, Welfare and Social Affairs, Hearing, 28th Parl=-ent, 1st Sess., May 13, 1969 (Ottawa: The Queen's Printer, 1969), pp. 1058-1078, 1087-1113. 11. Dijkstra, B., "Cn Srmxing and IArq Cancer," Suid-Afr' aa*+se Kanker'_N~eti*: 23(3): 87-109, July-Segtenber, 1979. 12. Sc.'zrauzer, G., Statemient, U.S., Coi-igress, Fzuse, Car,mittee on Agri.culture, Suboarmittee on Tolacxo, Effect of Slmkir.Q on N.4_-T~kers, Hearing, 95th Ccng., 2nd Sess., September 7, 197$(Wasning=: G6,-e_^ane*:t Printing Office, 1978) pp. 139-157. 1 13. Buhler, V., State:rent, U.S., Congress, House Catmit*..ee on Interstate and Foreign Caamesce, Cigarette Laheli~ and AiivQrt:sirq-1969, Hearing, 91st Ccaq., 1st Sess., AgrIr30,ar May~I, 1369 ( a, . Gcvezrrrnt Print- ing Office, 1969), pp. 769-787. Burch, P.,"Sanking and Czsicer, " Lancet I: 1315-1316, June 9, 1973. 14. Burch, "Srmking and Car:cer. " 15. Burch, P. ,"Smaking and Iung Cancer: '2^.e P'roblem of Inferring C2arse, " J R Stat Soc A 141 (Part 4): 437-458, 1978. -- -125-

16. lb i d . 17. Bur:»z, P. ,"Strok:.::g and Lur:g Cancer. Tests of aCsl:sa? ::yoct:.esis, °.; C,.^n Dis 33: 221-238, 1980. 18. Burch, P. ,q and Lung Cance_*-: T".:e P=ble=n of L-iFzrri.g Cause." 19. Fei ei,A,. , Ccznp-zts on "Discussion" of presentat'_cn by P. Burch, and Lung Ca.^.cer: The Prcblem of Inferring Cause (Wit'i Discussion," J R Stat Scc A 141 (Part 4): 437-477, 1978. 20. Sales, S. ar~d J: House, "Job Dissatisfaction As a Possible Risk :'actcr in Corcnar_r Heart Disease," J G`ircn Dis 23: 861-873, 1971. 21. Coopes, T., Statenent, U.S., Cangress, Senate, Ccnmit}.ee on Labor and Public Welfare, bubc.inittee on Health, Cicarette &mkina and Disease, 1976, I:earing, 94th Cczig., 2nd Sess., Febnuary 1,Marc.'n 24, and :7ay 2~7~ (w szirg'-,^n: Goverranent Printing Office, 1976), pp. 175-208. 22. Fr:itorial., "Very Early Recognition of Coronary 'r.'eart Disease," Br J_ Med I: 1302, May 21, 1977. 23. Reys, A., Seven Counties: A:hiltivariate Analvsis of Death and Corcra~-v Heart Disease (Cazmridge: fiaxvand L'niversity Press0) . 24. Ibid. 25. Editorial, "'ehy the American Decline in Coro^.azy Heart Disease?," Lancet I: 183-184, Jarnsary 26, 1980. 26. National Heart, Iung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Report: Working Group on Heart Disease Epidemiology, Depart;ient of Health, Ed-acaticn, and Yr'e *a` ,e ,14M Publicaticn No. i - 7, 1979 . 27. Naticnal F~:eart, Limc- and Blood Institute, Naticxal Institutes of Health, "S1mm~.~ry of the Ccnference on the Decline in Ccrcnary Heart Disease Mortality," Procee3incs of the Ccnference on the Decline in Coronary Heart Disease Mortalitv, Decartrent oi N.31t:j Du-cat~aiZ-W=ra-re, Nrr1 P Ticat.icn .No .=,~ pp x~ciii-=vii, 1979. 28. Stz snler, J., "Sessics: IV: Stsategies for Quantifying and StLc.'ying CED C7mge," Pzoces°_ir:cs of the C,onference on the Decline in Corenary Heart Disease Mortality, DeparEe*Roi F.Ea-rt7, on rweEare~, Km P=,=ticn LNo. 79-I'oY ,- 3810399, 1979._ 29. F---ie3man, G. ,"Decline in Hospit?lizaticns for Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke: The Kaise=-Pe=nanente Dxpesiece in Northe`n Califernia, 1971-1977,: Proceedings of the Ccnfere.-ce cn the Decline in Corcr.ary Heart Disease 1%brtality, Dep3rt:nent oi Heal` ,c:cati39 ax 'tiveliare, NI'rI-cation No.~i5-76Sd pQ Ib9-114, 1979. 30. Shapiro, S., "Session IV: Strategies for Quantif_virg and Studying GHD Qzange," Proces': ncs of t':e Cbrference on the Decli^.e in Corenarv Heart Disease Mortality, Derzr=ezt ci i?e. , i;cauoa ana'W=are :1rdPtA~auon .1o. 79-161 , pp. 381-399, 1979. (z C!' ~ G'1 -126- ~ i i I I I I I I I I N t t

I I I I I I I i I I I I 31. U.S. P~;blic Health Se`~rice, -`ncki^.c and Health, 1979. 32. Iar.gstcn, H., Statenent, U.S., Cor.gress, 'rioi:se, Ccmtit},.ee cn St:.,'~ Ca:mit}m on 7-tbacco, Zfrect of S;rokinc cn %1cns:xke_-s, 'r_eari^.g, 95en C:,r.g., 2.-Y-J Sess., Segte.*rhZ 7, 1978 (6ras-y~;n: Gc-,F---: e.rt Printing Office, 1978), -m. 158-184. 33. A`•-cnew, W. , "Effect of Passive Smoking on Ar:gi.^.a ?ec~cr=s ," New E:cl JML-_,? 299(1): 21-24, 1978. - - - 34. Fisher, E., Sta*..e.me-*it, U.S. Congress, House, C•c.a;mity..ee on Ac;ricaLt.:~re, Sub- ca;mittes on Tobacco, Effect of Smokir.G on ,:on...~~nck.ers, Hearing, 95th Cong., 2.-ri Sess. , September 7, 1978 (ashingtCn( Gcwe,_-,e.-it Pr:rzting Office, 1978), pp. 2-20. 35. Niden, A. ,"No: Fhvirormental Srncke Can Ir_itate Not Injise pthers," Lcs Angeles Times, Cctober 29, 1978. _ - 36. Knoebel, S., Statement, U.S., Congress, House, Cor,mitt..ee on Agriculture, Sutr- carnittee on Tcbacco, Effect of STmki1^•g on Nons-zek.ers, Hearing, 95th Ccng., 2nd Sess., Sept,erbes 7, 197$ (Washing}..c.n: Govern--nent Printing Office, 1978), pp. 49-55. 37. Piam, P., et al., "Physiological Effects of Acute Passive E~=osure to Cigarette Smoke in Asthnatics," Fed Proc 36 (3 ): 606, 1977. 38. .47cser, K., Statement, U.S. Congress, House, Comnit+,.ee on Agriculture, SUb- Coianittee on Tabacco, Effect of Snn~king on Nansmckers, Hearing, 95th Cong., 2nd Sess., Septenbes 7, 19 7 8(~~:~ton: Gez,er; mernt Printi^.g Office, 1978), pp. 35-40. 39. LzbC.wi}.z, M. and B. Burrows, "Respiratory Sym=tzm ReLated to Srm.king Habits of Family Adults, " Cr.est 69 (1) : 48-50, January, 1976. 40. Kerrebijn, K. ,' et al., "Qzronic Nonspecific Respira}..ary Disease in Czi.ldren A Five Year Fo11ow-up Stu~.y," Acta Paediatr Scsnd Supol 261: 1-72, 1977. 41. Sc-h? il; n g, R., et al.,"Ltu:g Function, Respiratcry Disease and gnokir:g in Families," Am J Ebidemiol 106(4): 274-283, 1977. 42. '+vhite, J. and H. Proeb, "Small-Airdays Dysfunc+ ..i.cn in Ncnsrckers G'z.--onically E:qosed to Tobacco Smcke," N Fhcrl JMed 302 (13) : 720-723, March 27, 1980. 43. IUi.d. 44. Halbe.rst3n, M., "SL-,jdy on Second-harri Smoke EValuated," The (LouisviLle, KY) Ccuri.estiour+.al, Arril 27, 1980. - 45. Iznfant, C. and B. Liu, "(Passi•,e) Sankers Versus (Voluntary) Snnkers, " N Ehcl JMed 302(13) : 742-743,_ Harc'i 27, 1980. - 46. Aviado, D. ,"Sma11-ki.^days Dysfunction in Passive Sir~rs, "N IIzc1 JMes3 303 (7) : 393, August 14, 1980. - - - -127-

I 392, auc,ust 14, 1980. 47. Huber, G. ,"Sma11-.ki-naays L`vsfiaIcticn izPassi~-e 2:,,cice_-s," N L c1 J:ed 303 (7) : ~--- 48. 'rYeed:man, A., "Small-Airwavs Dvs---unc'.icn in Passive --m.kers," V H;c1 JMe3 303 (7) : 393, at:cust 14, 1980. 49. Langstcn, State:ne.zt. 50. Lenfant, C. a.zY: B. Liu, "(Passive) Snoke:s Versus (Voluntary) Sinckers." 51. Jones, W. ,"Caic: co's Sncke_rs Court Puffs Up Scme Haze, " Minr.eaoolis 'IYibc:r.e, July 1976. 52. Salvaggio, J., Statement, U.S., Congress, Fcuse, CUtmit,..ee on Agriculture, Sub- oannittee on Tc.bacoo, Effect of Smckiria cn Ncnsnokers, N.earing, 95th Ccng., 2nc.' Sess., Segte:rber 7, = (was ur.gtcn: Govazzarent Printing Office, 1978) , pp. 46-49. 53. Cohesi, R. , Statement, U. S. , Congress, Fouse, Ccnmittee cn Ar.;ricult-.e, St:b- caTanittee on Tcbacco, Effect of ~Smcki_~n on I3onstmkers, Hearing, 95t'~ Cong., 2nd Sess., Septerher 7, IS'i $~waun-qtorr: Govpsrlne.~t Pr izting Of fice 1978) FP• 69-75. I I I I I I- p L 6 L I -128- ~ ~ `