American Council on Science and Health A Message from the Executive Director Fiscal year 1985 was a fulfilling and exhilirating one at the American Council on Science and Health (ACSH):. ACSH's scientific advisory board continued to grow and now totals over 140 individuals. ACSH's new publications proliferated. They. cover a range of topics from obstetric anesthesia, Reye syn- drome, dioxin and PCBs, to the relationship of diet and cancer. We welcomed a continuing surgein our media coverage and the almost daily opportunities we had to communicate ACSH's scientific findings through a variety of media settings -- literally hundreds :of national and local radio telephone interviews were done by ACSH staff, as well~ as many local television appearances -- and the number and frequency of appearances made by ACSH scientists and executives on network pro- grams such as Today, the McNeil-Lehrer News Hour, ABC's Nightline, and others increased significantly. After four years of national prime time schedul- ing, ACSH's syndicated radio commentary series, HEALTHLINE, continues to thrive. Radio pro- gram directors now also call us to request HEALTHLINE "specials" on public :health issues being addressed by their stations. Riding the crest of HEALTHLINE's tremendous popularity and impact, we decided to produce a new, related radio project -- this time a series for kids, by kids: The pilot, called NO KIDDING, involved seven- and eight-year-olds interviewing and questioning prominent scientists and physicians:on topics including nutrition, smoking, auto safety,, food packaging and preservation, drugs, and family relationships. NO KIDDING was enthusiastically received as a "special" by our regular HEALTH- LINE stations. To our surprise, we found that NO KIDDING was of as much interest to adults:as it was to children. We plan to produce it on a regu- lar basis next year, along with HEALTHLINE. We at ACSH still experience great frustration in observing the major gap which separates public: opinion from scientific consensus on topics such as the safety of food additives, pesticides and phar- maceuticals. However, we also see progress being made in narrowing that gap, as ACSH strives to correct the problem by ending the silence on the part of the scientific community. Dr. Elizabeth M. Whelan With the voices of ACSH scientists now being heard not only nationally but internationally, the doomsday edicts which have brought us so much bad news about the quality of our food, environ- ment and health over the past two decades are beginning to be reevaluated. It is our hope that through ACSH's continued efforts, more and more Americans:will come to recognize and appreciate that our nation is healthier than ever before -- and that we "never had it so good;." We can only jeopardize our good health by pursuing false leads, giving attention to hypothetical health risks, and letting, pseudoscientists take the leader- ship role in resolving critical issues related to nutrition~ chemicals, the environment and health. Our continued growth is directly attributable to the solid foundation of concerned and dedicated scientists and physicians who make up ACSH's Advisory Board. These men and women are com- mitted to bringing the American consumer sound; balanced scientific information about health risks~ On February. 6, 1985, the Wall Street Journal edi- torial page described us in this way, "... the American Council on Science and Health knows the difference between a health threat and a health scare;" We do indeed know that difference -- and, with the ongoing support of our distin- guished directors, advisors, funders, members, and other friends, ACSH will continue to commu- nicate that difference to the American public. Elizabeth. M. Whelan Executive Director INTRODUCTION The American Council on Science and Health is a, consumer education organization concerned with issues related to food, nutrition, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, the environment, and health. ACSH is an independent, nonprofit, tax-exempt association. The nucleus of ACSH is a board of more than 140 physicians, scientists, and policy advisors -- experts in a wide variety of fields who review the Council's reports and participate in ACSH semi- nars, press conferences, media communications; and other educational activities. ACSH was founded in 1978by a group of scien- tists who had become concerned that many import:ant public :policies related to health and the environment did not have a sound scientific basis. These scientists created the organization to add reason and balance to debates about publichealth issues and to bring these common-sense views to the public. With these goals in mind, ACSH produces a wide:range of publications includingpeer- reviewed reports; a bimonthly newsletter covering current health issues; an informal quarterly news- letter covering ACSH activities that involve advi- sors, executives and staff; consumer information flyers; and proceedings from ACSH seminars and conferences. In addition, ACSH produces a nationally syndi- cated radio commentary series, hosts annual semi- nars and press conferences, and presents an annual award to an outstanding scientist for his or her achievements. ACSH also directs an in-house internship program for students in health science fields, ACSH representatives participate in legis- lative and regulatory hearings, radio and televi- sion programs, public debates, and other forums; and ACSH's research findings receive extensive coverage in the news media. ACSH maintains offices in New York City and Summit, New Jersey. The Council's executive staff, as well as its research and educational pro- grams; are headquartered in New York. Member- ship, accounting, and the publishing, sales and mailings of ACSH publications are handled in Summit. 2 HIGHLIGHTS OF 1985 The third annual ACSH media seminar was held on November 19, 1984 in New York City. This year's topic was "Perspectives in Cancer Preven- tion.'" Dr. John, Higginson of Georgetown Univer- sity's Institute for Health Policy Analysis was the keynote speaker. ACSH's fourth annual award for outstanding achievement in the health sciences was presented toDr. Bruce Ames, Universityof California at Berkeley. Edith Efron, author of The Apocalyp- tics: Cancer and the Big Lie, was given a special award for outstanding scientific journalism. Thirty-eight scientists anff health professionals joined ACSH's Board of Scientific Advisors, bring- ing the total to more than 140. Seven new scientific reports :were published and three previous reports updated because of perti- nent new information: New Reports: • ' "Low-C al0rie Sweeteners" • "Dioxin in the Environment: Its Effect on Human Health'" • "Searching for a Way Out: Smoking Cessa- tion Techniques!' • "Reye Syndrome" • "PCBs: Is the:Cure Worth ~he Cost?'" • "Diet and Cancer" • "Obstetric Anesthesia: A Guide to Pain Relief During Childbirth" Updated Reports: • "Wood as Home Fuel: A Source of Air Pol- lution" • "Health and Safety Aspects of Video Dis- play Terminals" • "Antibiotics in Animal Feed." A Threat to Human Health?" Ms. Edith Efron, author of The Apocalyptics: Cancer and the Big Lie, accepting ACSH's Special Award for Outstanding Scientific Journalism at the American Council's Third Annual Seminar on "Perspectives: in Cancer Prevention," held in New York City on NOvem- ber 19, 1984. SCIENCE AND POLICY Seven reports were published this fiscal year and three previously published reports were updated. The ten reports include (top)i PCBs: Is the Cure Worth the Cost?; Low-Calorie Sweeteners; Reye Syndrome; Diet and Cancer; and Health and Safety Aspects of Video Display Terminals, (Bottom row) Wood as Home Fuel; Dioxin in the Environment: Its Effect on Human Health; Searching for a Way Out: Smoking Cessation Techniques; Obstetric Anesthesia: A Guide to Pain Relief During Childbirth;and Antibiot- ics in Animal Feed: A Threat to Human Health? The updated reports in the collage include: Wood as Home Fuel; Antibiotics in Animal Feed: A Threat to Human Health?; and Health ard Safety Aspects of Video Dis- plm2 Terminals. ACSH Reports ACSH produced seven new scientific reports and updated three previously published reports during FY 1985. Low-Calorie Sweeteners, released in July 1984, presented in-depth discussions on the scientific histories of aspartame, saccharin and;cyclamatel as well as a glimpse of future low-calorie sweeten- ers still in the developmental stage. Our position statement carried the opinion ~hat all three sweet- eners should be available to t;he public. Each has its own technical advantages and disadvantages, and the health issues raisedin opposition to their use have been shown to be more theoretical ~han real. Dioxin in the Environment: Its Ef~ect on Human Healthlooked intothe scientific evidence available on this :issue and questioned whether the enormous public concern over potential health damage from dioxin exposure is warranted. Evi- dence suggesting that dioxin causeseancer or birth defects is based primarily on animal experimentS. Genuine conflict exists in ~he scientific community about the validity of direct extrapolation of labo- ratory data to estimates of human risk. Careful study of chemical plant workers exposed to dioxin over many years or to large concentrations of the substance because of accidents has shown no long~ term health effects. It is noteworthy tlhat increased rates of cancer and birth defects:have not been detected in Seveso, Italy, where some 37,000 people were exposed to dioxin following a chemical accident in 1976. 4 ACSH's Smoking or Health: It's Your Choice report, issued in January 1984, has been one of the most popular publications ever produced by our organization. During the past twelve months we have received over 2,100 individual requests for it. Searching for a Way Out: Smoking Cessation Techniques was a logical sequel. As Mark Twain said: "It's easy to quit: smoking. I know because I've done it thousands of times." The report reviewed a wide variety of smoking cessation tech- niques. While not endorsing one particular pro- gram or method over another, it did provide guid- ance and information for those interested in "kicking the habit." Reye Syndrome offered answers to many of the questions asked by concerned parents about this frightening condition. Although survival has improved dramatically in recent years, more than 20 percent of children who develop Reye Syn- drome die. Although the evidence linking salicy- lates (:such as aspirin) to the syndrome is not con- elusive, ACSH believes that ~he data are suggestive enough to warrant that parents avoid giving medications:containing salicylates to chil- dren with chickenpox or influenza-like illnesses~ Few chemicals have received more publicity than the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). PCBs: Is the Cure Worth the Cost? traces the history of these materials and the reasons for concernover their impact on public health. ACSH concluded that while bona fide health considerations must takeprecedence over economic consequences, America's fear of chemicalsin, the environment Dr. Walter Wilier of the Harvard School of Public Health during his presentation on diet and cancer at the 1984 ACSH seminar. seems to be fueling an escalating corrective pro- gram that is costing taxpayers billions of dollars. PCBs are symbolic of the situation. All studies to date have suggested that heroic, exceedingly' expensive measures to remove PCBs from the :envi- ronment are unwarranted and that time itself is an important factor in resolving the situation. It is noteworthy that, as with dioxin, individuals occu- pationally, exposed to PCBs at much higher levels than the general public would encounter dO not have increased risks of serious, long-term health problems such as cancer. All ACSH reports are reviewed before publica- tion by members of the Board of Advisorshaving. expertise in the issues discussed. The finished reports represent a consensus view of those review- ers. Most ACSH reports have 15 to 25 reviewers. Few topics have been debated as vigorously in the scientific and popular press in recent years as those involving the causes andlprevention of cancer. In the past two years, the American public hasbeen bombarded with messages urging us all to make substantial changes in our diets in order to reduce our risk of cancer. Understandably, many Ameri- cans have concluded that the evidence linking specific dietary factors with cancer is sound and. solid; and that it justifies making maior efforts now in choosing foods which will minimize our chances of getting cancer. In Diet and Cancer, ACSH examined the question of whether the link between diet and cancer reflects accurately the scientific evidence. An unprecedented 49 review- ers participated in~ the creation of Diet and Can- cer. They agreed ~hat there isinsufficient evidence to warrant establishment of a public policy of guidelines for diet modification for all Americans for the purpose of reducing the risk of cancer. The use of pain-relieving drugs is a standard part of obstetric practice in the United States, as it has been for many decades. Coneernsstill persist, however, over the possible adverse effects of obstetric anesthesia on mother and child. In Obstetric Anesthesia: A Guide to Pain Relief Dur- ing Childbirth~ ACSH summarizes the known risks and benefits of different forms of pain relief as an aid to women and their partnersin making an intelligent decision regarding anesthesia during labor and delivery. Although the safest form of pain relief during childbirth is complete reliance on psychological methods, this is often impossible or inappropriate. Women who choose or must receive anesthetic drugs for labor and delivery are not placing themselves or their children, at undue risk. Wood as Home Fuel, published originally in October 1981, and updated in October 1982, was 5 Dr, William Cahan, Attending Surgeon/Thoracic Service at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York and ACSH Advisor, giving, the audience at ACSH's seminar on "Perspectives in Cancer Prevention" a vivid look at the effects of tobacco on the lung, updated again in September 1984 with the inclu- sion of recently published articles on chronic health problems caused by inhalation of smoke from chemically preserved wood, steps taken by Oregon and Colorado to develop and enforce per- formance standards for wood stoves and fire- places, and additional safety tips suggested by the Insurance Safety Institute for Wood Stoves: During. FY 1984, ACSH became actively involved in the debate over the use of subthera- peutic levels of antibiotics as animal growth pro- motants. The Council released its reporti on this topic, Antibiotics in Animal Feed: A Threat to Human Health? at a news conference chaired by. ACSH Associate Director Dr, Richard A. Green- berg in Washington, D.C., in December 1983 and submitted its findings on the subject to President Reagan, with a letter outlining the disadvantages of banning antibiotics in animal feed. The contro- versy escalated even further during FY 1985 with the publication by. Centers :for Disease Control scientists of their study of the epidemiology of a Salmonella newport food poisoning outbreak in four midwestern states. While the:CDC study concluded that the affected patients were infected by eating hamburger originating from a beef cat- tle herd fed subtherapeutic chlortetracycline for growth promotion, ACSH believes that there is considerable doubt that a cause-effect relationship has been established.. The updated report, pub- lished in May 1985, discussed the large body of new information which became available subse- quent tothe November li983 original edition and concluded that there continues to be no evidence that discontinuing the use of penicillin and the tetracyclines :as feed additives would improve human,health. Last year's Health and Safety Aspects oJ Video Display TerminaLswas:the single most popular ACSH report: in terms of bo~h volume sales and single copy requests. The updated version, which contains a greatly expanded discussion about pos- sible reproductive hazards; is :equally in demand, with more than 6,100 copies purchased in the six months since i~s publicatlion. The recent great increase in the public's concern about reproduc- tive hazards has no scientific basis. The first reports scheduled for publication in FY 1986 arePremenstrual Syndrome and a second edition of Irradiated Foods, first published in October 1982. An updated Fast Food and the American Diet and reports on hay fever, nature's carcinogens, sugar and health, and the air bag/ seat belt controversy should be in print before winter comes: 6 New Advisors and Directors Thi~y~eight scientists accepted invitations from the ACSH Board of Directors to ioin the Board of Scientific Advisors in FY 1985, bringing the total of ACSH advisors to more than 140. Thirty-four ACSH advisors are M.D.s. Two new members were elected to ACSH's Board of Directors. They are Dr. Richard A. Greenberg, Hinsdale, I1, and Mr. Dwight C. Reed, Hilt0n Head Island, S.C. Scientific Presentations by ACSH Representatives ACSH Associate Director Dr. Richard Green- berg visited Australia in September, where he pre- sented the keynote speech on "Meat-The Last Roundup?" at the Second: Australian COnference on Agriculture and Human Nutrition in Sydney. In Brisbane, Dr, Greenberg spoke to the CSIRO Meat Research Laboratory staff, where he dis- cussed the areas of concern about meat and meat products in the U.S. and how ACSH is addressing those concerns. He also addressed a ioint n~eeting of the Queensland Institute of Food Science and Technology and the Nutrition Society of Queens- land, where his presentation focused on nutri- tional aspects of processed meats.: Dr. Greenberg spoke on a variety of nutrition topics at a meeting of the Nutrition Society of Victoria, and he dis- cussed ACSH and its activities at a meeting of the New South Wales Department of Agriculture. ACSH Executive Director Dr. Elizabeth Whelan traveled to Milan, Italy in October, to present a paper on "Saccharose: Its Role in Human, Nutrition" at the International Sympo- sium on Sugars and Sugar Substitutes in Human Nutrition. The paper was co-authored by Dr. Whelan and Dr, Fredrick Stare, Professor of NUtrition, Emeritus, at ~he Harvard School of Public Health and Chairman of the ACSH Board of Directors. Dr. Whelan w.as one of the speakers at a panel, presentation on the role of the media in science reportingheld in New York in December. The event was co-sponsored by Scientists and Engi- neers for Secure Energy and the Specialized Jour- nalism Department of the Polytechnic Institute of New York. Dr. Greenberg was:the featured speaker at the January meeting of the Environmental Improve- ment Committee of the PENJERDEL Council, a Dr. John Higginson (right)accepts ACSH's Fourth Annual Award for Distinguished Scientific Achievement on behalf of Dr. Bruce Ames. Dr, Norman Borlaug (left)~ Nobel Laureate and ACSH Director, presented the award at ACSH seminar, November I9, 1'984. tri-state (PennsylVania, New Jersey, Delaware)i business and professional association. His:talk focused on "'chemical phobia" and the current controversies over artificial! sweeteners, EDB, PCBs, lead in gasoline, dioxin, formaldehyde and polyvinyl chloride, In April, Dr. Whelan addressed the:Annual Meeting of the Millers" National Federation in Washington. Her topic was "Evaluating Food, Chemical, Environmental and Health Issues." In May, Dr. Greenberg spoke on "DoesFeeding Antibiotics to Food Animals Constitute a Threat to Human Health?" at the Spring Meeting of the Food Research Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison. THIRD ANNUAL ACSH SEMINAR Dr. Norman Borlaug, Nobel Laureate and ACSH Director, addressing a question about diet and cancer to the panel dur- ing a floor discussion at ACSH's Third Annual Seminar. "My operating room could aptly be called 'Marlboro country." In the operating room the surgeon sees,, all too often, the triumph of the ciga- rette makers' art." With these words and with illustrations :that graphically depicted the effects of tobacco on the lung, thoracic surgeon Dr. William Cahan of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center opened the ACSH symposium "'Perspeet!ives:in Cancer Prevention," held at the Roosevelt Hotel in New York City. on November 19. Dr. Cahan, an ACSH Advisor, gave the seminar audience a fresh and devastatinglook at the role of tobacco in cancer causation from his special perspective as a physi- cian who treats :lung cancer patients. Controversies over the roles:of diet and the envi- ronment, respectively, in cancer causation high- lighted t~wo other seminar presentations. Dr. Walter Willett of the Harvard School of Public Health challenged otlhers:in the scientific community who claim that we should modify our diets now in an effort tO prevent cancer. Although he acknowledged that diet may be the "number two" cause of cancer in America, Dr. Willett warned that "information about the roles played by specific dietary factors is generally inconsistent and incomplete. It is my own belief that the data that we have rightl now on the relationship between diet and cancer are not sufficient to serve as a basis for strong specific dietary recommenda- tions." Dr. John Higginson gave the seminar audience some insight into ~he role of environmental factors in cancer causation, and traced the history of scien. tists' understanding of this subject. Dr. Higginson is currently a Senior Scientist at the Universities Associated for Research and Edlacation in Pathol- ogy, Inc:, but he will be moving to Georgetown University early this year, to become a fello~v in the Institute for Health Policy Analysis there. ACSH's l%urth Annual Award for Distin~ guished Scientific Achievement was presented, at the seminar's luncheon, session. Unfortunately, Dr, Bruce Ames of the University. of California at Berkeley, recipient of the award, was unable to attend the seminar due to illness. Dr: Higginson accepted the award on his behalf from, ACSH Director Dr, Norman Borlaug, and. read Dr. Ames' acceptance speech. In his prepared:remarks, Dr. Ames said "I am particularly pleased to have this honor because I value the effort that the American Council on Science and Health has made to bridge ~he sub- stan~ial gap between the scientific community and the public at large. In particular, ACSH has played~ a leadership role in educating the public to distinguish tihe cancer risks that matter -- such as smoking -- from those that are negligible -- such as EDB or saccharin. This distinction, though crucial, has so far been very poorly communicated to the public, and is only imperfectly reflected in present regulatory practices:" Dr. Ames also warned that the need for distin- guishing important cancer risks from less serious ones "has become even greater with the recent recognition that chemical substances capable of causing mutations are:not uniquely, nor even pre- dominantly, of man-made origin." A special award for Outstanding Scientific Jour- nalism was presented at the seminar to Edith, Efron, author of The Apocalyptics: Cancer and the Big Lie. In presenting the award toMs. Efron, ACSH Executive Director Dr. Elizabeth Whelan called The Apocalyptics"explosive"because it "not only tells you why the popular wisdom about environ- mental cancer causation is wrong, it also reveals exactly how the 'big cancer liC evolved and the counterproductive effecti itl has had on this coun- try's attempts at cancer prevention." ACSH Director Dr. Stephen Sternberg chaired the seminar's morning session, and Dr. F~redrick Stare, Chairman of the ACSH Board of Directors, chairedi the aft:ernoon session. Dr. Stephen S. Sternberg, Attending Pathologist, Director, entertaining a question from the floor at the Memorial Sloan-Ketterlng Cancer Center and ACSH morning session of ACSH's NOvember 19, 1984 seminar. Pre-registration conversations before the opening of a seminar on November 19, 1984 on "Perspectives in Cancer Prevention." 9 HEALTHLINE HEALTHLINE continues to be one:of ACSH's most successful outreach projects. ACSH's public service radio series, HEALTHLINE, is now in its fourth year of national syndication. The programs are aired daily by 100 stations in the U. S~ Most stations have scheduled HEALTHLINE in any of tlhese three highly desirable time slots: the morning "drive time" (6-8:a.m.)~ noon news hours; or the evening "drive time" (5-7 p.m.):. HEALTHLINE is a series of 90-second com- mentaries on food, nutrition, health and the envi- ronment. Each program deals with a: single health topic and the series" emphasis is on subiects that are distilled from. ACSH research reports and our bimonthly newsletter ACSH News and Views. ACSH Executive Director Dr. Elizabeth Whelan and Associate Director Dr. Richard Greenberg are HEALTHLINE's principal com- mentators~ They are frequently joined;by other ACSH scientists:and physicians who discuss cur- rent issues:in their special fields of interest. The series is produced and directed by ACSH Assistant Director Lynne P. Middelveen and recorded and distributed by Nutmeg Studios in New York. To increase HEALTHLINE's educational impact, each program ends with an offer to write to ACSH for more health information. Transcripts of HEALTHLINE programs are distributed to all stations airing the series and are also available to the public. Requests for them are frequent. Responses to HEALTHLINE, from both radio program directors and: listeners, has continued to be very favorable. Many stations carrying HEALTHLINE advertise it in their local newspa- pers and air promotional messages during their regular program schedule to tell listeners when the commentaries will be broadcast. Others have found sponsors for the show from local businesses; Blue Cross/Blue Shield, and area health agencies and hospitals. Program directors have also begun to call us requestling special programming on health issues of particular interest to their stations and listening audiences. During FY 1985, ACSH included four speciall features in HEALTHLINE. In the winter holiday distribution, we again showcasedlACSH's ten New Year's Resolutions for Good Health. This holiday bonus was particularly well received last year and therefore back by popular demand. As an adjunct to our annual seminar in Novem- ber, we produced a HEALTHLINE special on "Perspectives in Cancer Prevention," featuring ACSH advisors:Dr. Stephen S~ Sternberg, Patholo- gist at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 10 Miss Christine B. Whelan (second from right)~ moderator of ACSH's new radio project, NO KIDDING!, interviewing her guest Dr. Man Blum, editor of the New York State Journal of Medicine, about tobacco and other drugs during a recent taping. Dr. Stephen Sternberg, ACSH Director, taping a segment on overexposure to sunlight as a leading cause of cancer for a "special" distribution of ACSH's nationally syndicated radio commentary series, HEALTHLINE. With him is Mr. Michael Levesque of Nut- meg Music Recording Studios. ll New York; Dr. E J. Francis, Professor of Nutri- tion, Department of Food Science andi Nutrition, University of Massachusetts, Amherst; Dr. Alfred E, Harper, Professor of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison; Dr. William R. Havender, molecular biologist, Berkeley, California; and Dr. Robert E, Olson, Professor of Medicine and Phar- macology, State University of New York, Stony Brook.: In time for the summer holidays, HEALTHLINE featured a series of Hints for a Healthy, Happy Summer Vacation. And, as the pilot of a proposed new radio series for 1986, we distributed a feature calledlNO KIDDING to all of our HEALTHLINE:stations. This is our new commentary series featuring a 7-year-old "host- ess" and a variety of health professional "'guests," and aimed at answering questions youngsters might ask about food, nutrition, family, the envi- ronment, and their health. Response to this pilot was terrific and we hope to produce NO KID- DING as a new educational radio project in 1986. The continued popularity of the HEALTHLINE series has helped to reinforce ACSH's belief that there is an urgent need for good, balanced health information throughout the United States and that radio is:a very. effective way to communicate this knowledge to the people. Because of its popularity among listeners, radio stations have been able to attract sponsors for HEALTHLINE from. local businesses, Blue Cross~Blue Shield and area health agencies and hospitals. EDUCATIONAL PROJECTS. Student Internship Program ACSH sponsors a student internship program to provide college students in health-related fields: with a unique work experience in consumer health, education. ACSH interns:spend a summer, semes- ter, quarter, or academic year at the Council, par- ticipating in research projects and, in some cases, writing articles for A CSH News and Views. Interns have made substantial contributions to the Council's:reports and other publications. This year's graduate student intern worked under tlhe direction of an ACSH Research Associ~ ate, Dr. Densie Hatfield, to help satisfy the requirements for her master's degree in nutrition at the University of Florida. ACSH also sponsors two students each year from Connecticut Collegewho spend a three- week internship at ACSH in January, observing and assisting ACSH's research stall The Council also participates in the New York City Board of Education's Cooperative Education program, a special work-study program for high school stu~ dents interested in business careers. Two students from Martin Luther King Jr. High School nearby, fill the position of office assistant at the New York ACSH office:on a full-time basis on alternate weeks. 12 Evalyn Simon (above):, a graduate student in nutrition at the University of Florida, recently spent a quarter as a student intern at ACSH, working under the direction of ACSH Research Associate Dr. Densie Hatfield. Evalyn's ACSH internship will help satisfy the requirements for her master's degree. Tina: Crawley (left),and Monica Smith (right) are students in the Cooperative Education program at Martin Luther King Jr. High School in New York City. They work as office assist- Paula McDonald (standing): and Ruth Borisute (seated)are Connecti- cut; College students who spent sev- eral weeks as student interns at ACSH working under the direction of ACSH Executive Director Dr. Elizabeth M. Whelan. ants at ACSH on alternate weeks and attend classes the:rest of the time. ACSH has been a participating employer in the Cooperative Education program for the past three years. ' NEWSLETTER If coverage in the print and electronic media is a credibJe measurement, ACSH's bimonthly news- letter, ACSH News and Views, had another spec- tacular year. The September/October issue featured an article :on cigarette advertising ("Allowing ciga- rette advertising as we do now, actually hadthe effect of reducing the flow of information to the public. The:greatest. under-reporteff health story of the century is the epidemic of cancer, heart dis- ease, lung disease and other consequences of smoking."): Another key article discussed the increasing reticence of next of kin to permit autop- sies. (,Ulaless there is a revival of interest in.the autopsy by both the public and the medical pro- fession, we may be up against a major stumbling block in the war against disease. We cannot hope to increase diagnostic accuracy without the ability to check clinical diagnoses a.gainst those:confirmed by autopsy."): Other articles in the issue discussed anti-aging remedy quackery (a 2 billion dollar business:in the U.S.)and a simple new method for taking the trichinosis hazarff out of microwave, cooked pork. In November/December, the newsletter dis- cussed a new bill, introduced into Congress by Wisconsin Senator Robert W. Kasten, Jr., which 14 A planning session of ACSH Board. of Directors, November 1984. Clockwise from center: Dr. Elizabeth M. Whelan, Executive Director, ACSH; Dr. Robert E. Olson, Professor of Medicine, Professor of Pharmacological Sciences, School/. Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook; Dr. Stephen S. Sternberg, Attending Patholo- gist, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; Dr. Alfred E. Harper, Professor, Departments of Nutritional Sci- ences and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison; Dr. Fredrick J. Stare, Professor of Nutrition, Emeritus, Har- vard School of Public Health; Dr. Richard A. Greenberg, attempts to promulgate a federal product liability law. (State liability laws vai'y widely, thereby doing mischief to both consumer and manufac- turer). Other articles told how scare tactics are being used to stop the use:of polyvinyl chloride conduit (smoke from burning.PVC is little,: if any, more toxic than ordinary wood smoke); reviewed the accuracy of health tlextbooks teaching inutri- tion to high schoolers("While none of the texts that were received were way off target, there werea few crucial misleading s~atements and omissions")i, and commented on the threat of sci- entific illiteracy in America (,'Half of the bills con- sidered by Congress deal with science or technol- ogy. Yet 93 percent of U~. S. adults -- including mostl voters and many legislators -- are scientifi: tally illiterate"). Front pagd articlesin the January/.February issue asked whether ~he Environmental Protection Agencyrs ban on leaded gasoline will really, protect children from lead poisoning and if the use of chlordane and other termiticides poses a risk to human health or the environment. (We think the answer to both is "no."): We also looked into the nutritional value of pizza: (it certainly isn't junk food) and the health hazards of smokeless:tobacco (not a:safe substitute for smoking by any measure- men~). ACSH Associate Director; Dr. EJ. Francis, Professor, Depart- ment of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Massachu- setts, Amherst; and Dr. Norman E. Borlaug, Special Consult- ant, Wheat, Barley and Triticale Research and Production Programs,. International Center for Maize and Wheat Improvement, Londres, Mexico, and Distinguished Professor of International Agriculture, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University. Absent from this meeting were Mr. Joseph F. Murphy, LeBoeuf, Lamb, Leiby & MacRae, New York; and Mr, Dwight C. Reed who accepted the Board's invitation to become a Director in March, 1985. The lead article in the March/April News and Views evaluated risks on the:road and came up with some interesting facts. While mos~ of us are aware that driving while intoxicated is by far the single biggest cause of traffic fatalities, ~he second is driving within speed limits but too fast for con- ditions. Thus, inappropriate speed causes more accidents than exceeding the speed limit does. Seat belts and child restraints really work, state motor vehicle inspection programs and driver education apparently don't. Other stories:warned of two current popular forms of quackery; chelation therapy and growth hormone releasers~ The May/June newsletter offered an in=depth discussion of some of the :problems faced by the pharmaceutical industry and the consumer as the trend towards generic:drugs increases. Other fea- turesincluded a look at the tobacco industry's approach to young people (ACSH believes that the industry's advertising is aimed deliberately, at ado- lescents), and the reasons behind a growing short- ageof vaccines (,To make this country immune to shortages of vaccines agains~ childhood diseases, a new system of compensation for vaccine injuries is urgently needed. SALES OF PUBLICATIONS During FY 1985, ACSH continued its efforts to increase sales and distribution of reports. Six direct mail campaigns went to libraries, educa- tional institutions, professional associations:and business organizations likely to be interested in: specific ACSH publications. Over 18,000 individual report booklets were sold during the year.: There were 4,782 requests for "Fast Food" (which is being updated and is scheduled to come off the press this fall). "Health and Safety Aspects of Video Display Terminals" (1,975 requests)i and "Searching for a Way Out: Smoking Cessation Techniques" (1,731): were the next most popular. Revenue from sales of publications was $47,657, surpassing FY 1984's record total of $29,108. , MEMBERSHIP ACSH Consumer Liaison, Mrs. Louise Watson, sorting through a typical Monday morning's marl in the Summit, New Jersey office. A contribution of: Entitles you to: $25,000 Benefactor All ACSH publications* and all ACSH scientific $15,000 Patron reports, past and present. $10,000 Sponsor $5,000 Supporting.Member $1,000 Institution $35 Individual All ACSH publicati0ns,* allfuture scientific reports ($50 Outside U.S.) plus a choice ofs/x current ones: $15 Libraries Membership same as Individual Category. ($25 Outside U.S.) $15 Senior Citizen: All ACSH publications,* allfuture scientific reports ~ $15 Full-time Student plus a choice of two current ones. ($25 Outside U.S.) $10 Newsletter Newsand Views only ($16 Outside U.S.) *News and Views, Ivzide ACSH, Media Update, A CSH Annual Report, ACSH reports. All contributions: are tax-deductible as provided by. law; 15 ACSH'S CURRENT FUNDERS The list below identifies foundations, corporations, and other organization~ and individuals who have c0.ntributed to ACSH's general operating budget, or to special projects budgets. ~ It includes:all contributors, as well as Benefactor, Patron, Sponsor, Supporting and Institutional members from July 1, 1984: to June 30, 1985. ABIC International Consultants ALCOA Foundation AMAX Environmental Services: AMAX Foundation, Inc. AMOCO Foundation, Inc. ASARCO, Inc. Abbott Laboratories Fund Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. Alfa Metalcraft COrporation of America Allied Chemical Foundation American Bakers Association American Cyanamid Company American Frozen Foodl Institute American Meat Institute Amstar Corporation Anheuser-Busch Charitable Trust Anonymous Foundation Atlantic Richfieldl Foundation BASF-Akteingesellschaft Badische Corporation, Baltimore Gas & Electric Company Becton, Dickinson and Company Best Foods Information Group Bobs Candies Boise Cascade Corporation Borden Foundatioq Inc. Borg-Warner Chemicals, Inc. E.J. Brach & Sons W.H. Brady Foundation The Bristol-Myers Fund Burroughs Wellcome Fund CFS Continental, Inc. California & Hawaiian Sugar Company Campbell Soup Company Canada Packers Inc. Carnation Company The Chevron Fund Chicago Pneumatic Tool Company Church & Dwight Company, Inc. Ciba~ Geigy Corporation The Coca-Cola Bottling Company of New York, Inc. The Coca-Cola Company Mr. Ray Cole Consolidated Edison Company of New York, Inc. The Continental! Group Fund Adolph Coors FoundatiOn Curtis-Burns/Pro-Fat Foundation 16 Ken:W. Davis Foundation The Shelby Cull0m Davis Foundation, John Deere Foundation Digital Equipment, Corporation Distilled Spirits Council of the U.S. The Distillers Company, Limited The Gaylord and Dorothy Donnelley Foundation R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company Dow Chemical Canada Inc. Dow Chemical Canada Research Library - Dow Corning Corporation E.I. DuPont D.e Nemours & Co~ Ethyl Corporation Exxon Corporation FMC Foundation The Fluor Foundation Ford Motor Company Fund The Ella West Freeman, Foundation Frito-Lay Inc. GenCorp General Foods Fund Inc. General Mills, Inc. General Motors Foundation, Inc. Gerber Products Company Gerber Products Company, Research,Library Rollin M. Gerstacker Foundation, Grace :Foundation Inc. Grocery Manufacturers of America~ Inc.~ The Grow Group Grumman Corporation, The Hammermill Foundation Harris Farms; Inc. The Hartford Insurance Group. Hawaiian SUgar Planters' Association H. J. Heinz Company Foundation Heinz U~.S.A. Hercules Incorporated The Hershey Fund Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. Holly Sugar Corporation Hoover Universal ICI Americas: ITT'COntinental Baking International Flavors & Fragrances International Lead Zinc Research Organization, Inc. International Paper Foundation AND INSTITUTIONAL MEMBERS The J.M. FOundation, Johnson & Johnson Jones-Hamilton Co. Joyce Beverages Inc. Just Born Inc, Kellogg Company The ESther A. and Joseph Klingenstein Fund, Inc. David H. Koch Charitable Foundation Kraft Inc. The Kroger Companies Charitable Trust: Land O'Lakes, Inc. Leeco Steel Products, Inc. Liberty Mutual Insurance Company Eli Lilly& Company Thomas J. Lipton Foundation, Inc, Thomas J. Lipton, Inc: (Canada)i Loctite Corporation Mrs. Ginanne Graves Long M & M Mars Marathon, Oil Company Master Chemical Corporation McCormick & Company, Inc. MeCormick/Stange Flavor Division MeadJohnson & Company Merck & Company Midwest McCormack Foundation Mobil Foundation, Inc. Monsanto Fund Mutual Benefit Life National Cattlemen's Association National Dairy Council National Distillers and Chemical Corporation National Medie*al Enterprises, Inc. National Soft Drink Association National Starch and Chemical Foundation, Inc. Nestl6 (Switzerland)i The Nestl~ Co. Nestl~ Coordination Center for Nutrition, Inc. Nestl6 Enterprises, Lt.d.. Northeast Utilities Service Company Northwest Industries Foundation, Inc. Northwood Institute The Jessie Smith Noyes Foundation, Inc. Occidental Petroleum Corporation Olin Corporation Ch~tritable Trust The J.M. Olin FOundation Oscar Mayer & Company. PPG Industries Foundation Pepsico Foundation Inc. Pfizer, Inc. Phelps Dodge Foundation Pilot Chemical Corporation The Procter & Gamble Company The Quaker Oats Company Reilly Tar & Chemical Corporation Republic Financial Services, Inc: The Rhode Island lDepartment of Health Mrs. Norma Rich A. H. Robins Company Rockwell International Corporation Trust Rohm and Haas COmpany The Salt Institute Sandoz, Inc. Sarah Scaife Foundation Incorporatedl Schering-Plough Foundation The Schultz Foundation ~ G.D. Searle & CO. Sears, Roebuck and Co. Shell Companies Foundation Inc. Shell International Petroleum Mij. B.V. The Sherwin-Williams Company. Mr. David Smith SmithKline Beckman Corporation The Standard Brands Charitable Scientific and Edueational~ Foundation Standard Chlorine Chemical Co., Inc. The Stare Fund The Starr Foundation Stauffer Chemical Company Sterling Drug Inc. Stouffer Foods :Corporation,Fund The :Stroh Brewery Company The Stuart Foundations The Sugar Association Sun Company, Inc. Sunmark Foundation Syntex Corporation Tennessee Eastman Texaco .Philanthropic Foundation Inc. Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Corporation Uncle Ben's, Inc, Union Carbide Corporation United States Steel Foundation Inc. United States Sugar Corporation Universal Foods Foundation The Upjohn Company Hiram Walker & Sons, Inc. The Warner-Lambert Foundation West Point-Pepperell Foundation, Inc. Whirlpool Corporation D.D. Williamson & Co., Inc. The Witco Foundation Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company 17 FINANCES ACSH's financial condition remained satisfac~ tory. during FY 1985. While revenues increased about $25,000, expenses went up only $16,000. The resultant net excess of revenue over expendi- tures totalled $53,218, compared with the $43,866' posted:in FY 1984. Contributions from funders and individual membership dues were approximately equal to those:received in FY 1984, however income from sales of ACSH reports showed a substantial gain for the second consecutive year. FY 1985 sales increased 66 percent to $47,657. Besides account- ing for 5.5 percent of ACSH revenue, this demon- strates:a continuing increase in the public's inter- est in our publications. 18 Comparative Balance Sheets ASSETS CURRENT ASSETS Cash ........................................................... Money Market Fund .............................................. Investment in certificates of deposit~ .................................. Prepaid insurance ................................................ • Other prepaid expenses ........................................... Other receivables ................................................ Total CUrrent Assets ............................................... NONCURRENT ASSETS Security deposits: Rent -- 1995 Broadway~ .............................................. 47 Maple Street ............................................... Other ............................................................ Total Noneurrent Assets ............................................ FIXED ASSETS Office machines ................................................. Furniture and fixtures ............................................. Leasehold improvements .......................................... Less accumulated depreciation ..................................... TOtal Fixed Assets .................................................... TOTAL ASSETS -- COMBINED FUNDS ........................... LIABILITIES CURRENT LIABILITIES' Accounts payable and accrued expenses .............................. Total Current Liabilities ............................................ FUND BALANCES Unrestricted ...................................................... Restricted: Legal Fund.. ..................................................... Media Fund .................................................. Seminar Fund .................................................. Total Fund Balances ................................................ TOTAL LIABILITIES AND FUND BALANCES ...................... Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1985 June 30, 1984' $127,311 $ 57,839 152,417 153,231 57,459 52,217 466 469 818 1,808 -- 730 338,47'1 266,294 5,9211 5,656 5,657 5,657 -- 320 11,578 11,633 18,203 18,203 19,007 18,726 12,193 4,935 49,403 41,864 28,1116 23,925 21,287 17,939 $371,3361 $295,866 $ 39,715 $ 45,076 39,715 45,076 238,201 184,983 57,920 52,678 10,500 7,500 25,000 5~629 331.621 250,790 $371~336: $295,866 The accompanying notes are an integral part o] the flnancial statements: 19 Statement of Unrestricted Fund Revenues and Expenditures REVENUE AND SUPPORT Unrestricted contributions ........................................... Individual membership dues ....................................... Subscription income ................................................ Interest income .................................................... Total Revenue and Support ........................................... EXPENDITURES Scientific and edueational~ ........................................ Management and general! ......................................... Fund raising ....................................................... Membership developmentl ........................................ Sub-Total .......................................................... Add Non-recurring expenditures; Computer consulting fees - special study ........................ Excess of expenses over contributions: Media Fund ............................................... Seminar Fund .............................................. Total: Expenditures .................................................. EXCESS OF REVENUE AND SUPPORT OVER EXPENDITURES .......................................... Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1985 June 30, 1984' $749,419 $744,721 44,385 45,287' 47,657 29,108 14~756 111752 856~217 8301868 492,124 477,197' 92,882 103,499 121,278 119,733 82,482 831947' 788,766 784:,376 10,000 955 2,626 3~278 -- 802~999 787~002 $ 53~218 $ 43~866 The accompanying notes are an integral.part o] the ]inancial statements. 20 Comparative Statements of Changes in Financial Position FINANCIAL RESOURCES WERE PROVIDED BY: Excess of revenue and support over expenditures - Unrestricted Fund .............................................. Restricted Funds - Legal Fund ................................................. Media,Pund ................................................... Seminar Fund ............................................... Proceeds on sale of investmentl ...................................... Decrease in security deposit-equipment Expenses :not! requiring current outlay of working capital - depreciation ................................ Total Resources Provided ............................................... FINANCIAL RESOURCESWERE USED FOR: Acquisition of - Office machinery. .............................................. Furniture and fixtures ........................................... Leasehold improvements ........................................... Restricted Funds~- College Internship Fund ........................................ Japan Fund ................................................... Seminar Fund ................................................. Increase in security deposit ........................................ Total Resources Used .................................................... INCREASE IN WORKING CAPITAL ................................ Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1985 June 30, 1984 53,218 $ 43,866 5,242 4,578' 3,000 7,500 19,371 -- -- 9,912 320: -- 4,1i91 4~681 85,342 70,537 -- 918' 281 739 7,258 -- 11,088 -- 7,500 -- 7,840 265 671 7,804 $ 77,538 28,756 $ 41,781 CHANGES IN WORKING CAPITAL WERE REPRESENTED BY: INCREASES IN CURRENT ASSETS' Cash and Money Market Fund ..................................... Investments in certificates of deposit ................................ Prepaid insurance .................................................... Other prepaid expenses ............................................. Other receivables ............................................... INCREASES (DECREASES): IN CURRENT LIABILITIES Accounts payable and accrued expenses ................................ INCREASE IN WORKING CAPITAL ................................. The accompanying notes are an integral part o] the financial statements: $ 68,658 5,242 (3) (990) (730) 72~177 $. 62,233 4,684 87 577 730 68~311 (5i361:) $ 77~538 26,530 $ 41~781 21 Notes to the Financial Statements June 30, 1985 and June 30, 1984 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies The Council was organized:on January 1, 1977 as an unincorporated association exempt from Federal Income Tax under Section 501(C)(3)i of the Internal Revenue Code. Operations, however, did not com- mence until early 1978. The financial statements :of the :American Council on Science and Health have been prepared on an accrual basis. The significant accounting policies :followed are described below to enhance the usefulness:of the finam cial statements to the reader. Fund Accounting In order to ensure observance of: limitlations and restrictions placed on the use of available resources, the accounts are classified into fund groups which are:in accordance with the activities or objectives specified. Fund balances restricted byoutside sources are distin~ guished from unrestricted funds. Externally restricted: funds may be utilized only in accordance with the pur- pose:established by the source of funds and are in con- trast with unrestricted funds, over which,the Board of Directors retains full control to usein achieving any.of its purposes: Fixed Assets and Depreciation Depreciation, on fixed assets :acquired on or before OctOber 31, 1978 is calculated by the straight-line method using the cost of the assets and their estimated useful lives. Depreciation,on fixed assets acquired between the period of October 31, 1978 to June 30, 1982, has been calculated bythe 200 % declining balance method. Depreciation on alli new assets acquired subsequent to June 30, 1982 has been calculated by the straight,line basis. Estimated useful lives under these methods are as follows: Office machines ......................... 5 Years Furniture and:fixtures ................... 10 Years Leasehold Improvements Improvements are being depreciated bythe straight- line method over the term of the leases: 2. The following are details of the lease commitments for both the New Jersey and the New York office facili- ties: 47 Maple Street, Summit, New Jersey Term: From January 1, 1980 to December 31, 1984 (Office located on lower level) (Month to month from,January 1 1985 to June 30, 1985) Rent: The lease contains :operating expense and real estate tax escalation clauses. Annual rental before the application of escalation clauses is $19,593.96, Starting March 1, 1984 due to reduction of giving up one room, annual rent was reduced to $17,109.96: Term: From July 1, 1985 to June 30, 1990 (office located on second floor): Rent: The lease contains operating expense and real estate t:ax escalation clauses. Annual rental before the application of escalation clauses is $31,245.00. 1995 Broadway, New York _ Term:: From October 1, 1979 to September 30, 1989.. Rent: Annual rent (with electricity inclusion)is $25,860 i~er annum during the period from October 1, 1979 to and including September 30, 1984, and $27,815 per annum from October 1, 1984 to and including September 30, 1989. In addition the lease contains operatingexpense and real estate tax escalation clauses. McGRATH, DOYLE & PHAIR CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS 61 BROADWAY NEW YORK, N.Y. 10006 To the Board of Directors of American Council on Science and Health We have examined the Balance Sheets of the American Council on Science and Health as of June 30; 1985 and June 30,. 1984 and the related State- ments of: Revenues, Expenditures and Changes in Fund Balances, and Changes in FinancialiPosition for the years then ended. Our examinations were made in accordance :with generally accepted audit- ing standards, and accordingly, included such tests of the accounting records and such other auditing procedUres as we considered necessary in the cir- cumstances. In our, opinion, the aforementioned Financial Statements present fairly the financial position,of the American Council on Science and Health at June 30, 1985 and June 30; 1984 and the results of its operations and the changes in its financial posi- tion for the years ended, in conformity with,gener- ally accepted accounting principles :applied on a consistent basis. August: 19, 1985 22 ACSH PRINT MEDIA OP-ED PAGE OVERVIEW, '85 During 1985 ACSH executives and advisors placed many landmark articles in prestigious newspapers and magazines across the country. This is a represent;ative:samplingof these articles. Dr, Elizabeth Whelan Dr. William Havender, ACSH Advisor Dr. Julian Simon, ACSH Advisor Dr. Harry Schwartz ACSH Advisor ACSH's "New Year's Resolutions for Good Health," 1985 Dr. Elizabeth Whelan Dr. Elizabeth Whelan Dr. William G. Cahan, ACSH Advisor Dr. Elizabeth Whelan Dr. Julian Simon Op-E d article "Agent Orange: Science Loses to: Sentiment,, Los Angeles Times; June 22, 1984. (This article was syndicated by the:Times to newspa, pers across the U.S.A.):. Dr. Whelan is Executive Director of the American Council on Science and Health. Op-Ed article, "What Wasn't: Said About EDB," Wail Street Journal, Sep~ tember 4, 1984. Dr. Havender is a consultant on environmental carcino- gens, Berkeley. Op-Ed article, "Myths :of Overpopulation," Wall Street Journal, August 3, 1984. Op-Ed article, "People:Are No Threat to Health or Wealth," USA Today, August 6,. 1985. Dr. Simon is:PolicyAdvisor to ACSH, and Professor of Business:and Social Science at the University of Maryland. Op-Ed article, "Forcing Drug Firms:Into Third World Triage," Wall Street, Journal, August 24, 1984. Dr. Schwartz is Writer-in-Residence at; the Col- lege of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia University. December 31, 1984, UPI wire version was syndicated nationwide. USA Today, January 1, 1985 published an article based on these ten New Year's tips:from ACSH. Feature article, "Give Thanks for Pesticides Too," Across the Board maga- zine, November, 1984. Op-Ed article, "When Time and Newsweek Filtered Cigarette C0py,,' Wall Street Journal, November 1, 1985. Op-Ed article, "Abusing Children by Smoking.," New York Times, March 9, 1985. Dr, Cahan is Attending Surgeon/Thoracic Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering.Cancer Center, New York. Op-Ed article, "Serve Up Scientific Facts:Not Placebos," Wall Street Jour- nal, April 9, 1985, Article, "Truth Almost Extinct in Tales of Imperiled Species,7 The Washing- ton Times, September 19, 1984. 23 ACSH ELECTRONIC MEDIA OVERVIEW, '85 Highlightled below is a sampling of media appearances and interviews given by ACSH Executive Director Dr. Elikabeth M. Whelan and other ACSH representativesduring FY 1985.. ~Many of the programs listed used ACSH resource people several times throughout the year.) Today., NBC-TV Nightline; ABC=TV MacNeil/Lehrer News Hour, PBS-TV CBS Morning News, CBS-TV People Are Talking, KPIX-TV,. San Francisco (CBS) Pittsburgh 2Day, KDKA-TV (CBS) Straight Talk, WOR-TV, New York (RKO): The Morning Show~ WABC-TV People Are Talking, KYW-TV, Philadelphia (NBC): Panorama, WTTG-TV, Washington, D.C. Channel lONews at Noon, WCAU-TV, Philadel- phia (CBS): PeopleAre Talking, WJZ-TV, Baltimore ~ABC) A.M. Los Angeles, KABC-TV Cable News Network News Service 18:Noon Edition, WLFI-TV Lafay- ette, Indiana (CBS) Healthstyles, LIF Cable TV News 4 New York, WNBC:TV, New York Five O'Clock News; WCAU-TV, Philadelphia (CBS): ~ UPI Radio Network AP Radio Network The Michael Jackson Show, KABC Radio, Los: Angeles: The:Barry Father Show~ WMCA Radio, New York (AP): 24 Dr, Elizabeth.M. Whelan, ACSH Executive Director (!eft), on "The Morning Show," WABC-TV New York on Decem- ber 31 discussing ACSH's New Year's:ResolUtions for Good Health. With her on the set are the program's c-o-hosts, Regis' Philbin and Ann Abernathy. The Wally Kennedy Show, WCAU Radio, Phila- delphia (CBS) Hot Line, WRKL AM Radio, Rockland County, New York In Toronto~ CHUM Radio, Toronto, Canada HourMontreal, CJFM FM Radio, Montreal, Canada Seattle Sunday, KING Radio, Seattle, Washington •.. VARIOUS NEWS AND TALK SHOWS ON THESE STATIONS... WKIS AM Radio, Orlando, Florida (CBS) WOR AM Radio, New York National Public Radio, Washington, D.C. WJBO AM Radio, Baton Rouge, Louisiana WERC AM Radio, Birmingham, Alabama (ABC) KTOK AM Radio, Oklahoma City (ABC): WINZ AM Radio, Miami (MBS), RKO Radio Network WNBC Radio, New York WABCRadio, New York KOV Radio, Pittsburgh (CBS/MBS/Wall Street Journal Network): V~rCBS Radio, New York WPOP AM Radio, Hartford, Connecticut (CBS) KSTP AM Radio, Minneapolis/St. Paul (ABC) WXRT FM Radio, Chicago WIP AM Radio, Philadelphia: (ABC) KCMO AM Radio, Kansas:City, Missouri fABC, CBS, MBS, NBC) WKDR Radio, Plattsburgh, New York WNYU Radio, New York, New York C100-FM Radio, Halifax, Nova Seotlia Dr. Richard A. Greenberg, ACSH Associate Director... during an interview with reporter Rebecca Chase on segment: of Nightline, ABC-TV. .... about the :use of antibiotics in animal 25 STAFF Executive Staff Elizabeth M. Whelan, Sc.D., M.P.H. Executive Director Richard A. Greenberg, Ph.D. Associate Director Lynne P. Middelveen, M.S. Director, Funding and Media Programs, and Assistant Director, ACSH Administrative Staff D. Vcrna Atwood Manager of Accounting and Sales Mary Ann Coluecio Office Assistant Arlene Davidson Office Assistant Lila Ford Executive Assistant Joyce Jones, B.A. Publications Coordinator Editor, ACSH NEWS AND VIEWS Cheryl E, Martin, B.A. Executive Assistant Ellie Vibert Membership Coordinator New Jersey Office Manager Louise Watson Consumer Liaison Research Associates Sharon Campbell, M.A. Occupational Safety and Health Densie Hatfield, Ph.D., R.D. NUtrition Kathleen Meister, M.S. NUtrition and Food Technology Cathy Becker Popescu, M.S. Epidemiology and PublicHealth Student Intern Evalyn Simon Executive Assistant Ms. Lila Ford reviewing some media list- ings. 26 ACSH's Summit staff (standing)i D. Verna Atwood, Ellie Vibert and Arlene Davidson. (Seated) Mary Ann Coluccio and Louise Watson. Nom~n E. Borlaug, Ph.D. Distinguisl~x~l ;Professor of International Agl~iculfere Department of Soili and Crop Sciences Department of Plant Sciences Texas A&M University College Station, Texas RJ~ Francis, Ph.D. Professor, Department of Food Science and Nutrition University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts Richard A. Greenberg, Ph.D. Hinsdalo. Illinois Alfred E. Harper, Ph.D. Profeasor of Nutritional Sciences Professor of Biochemistry University of Wisconsin Madison, Wisconsin, Joseph F. Muq)hy, Esq. LeBoeuf. Lamb Leiby & MacRae New York, New York Robert ;E. Olson, M.D., Ph.D. Professor.of Medicine and Professor of Pharmacological: Soencas State University of New York Stony Brock, New York Dwight C. Reed, B.S. Hilton Head Island, Sooth Carolina Fred~ck J. Stare, M.D., Ph.D. Professor of Nutrition, Emeritus Harvard Schoo~ of Public Health Boston, Massachusetts Stephen S. :Sternber~, M.D. Member, Sloan-Ketteneg Institute f~" Cancer Research Att end ir~j Pat bologist Memorial iHOspital, New York,i New York Elizabeth M. Whelan, Sc.O., M.P.H. Executive Director American Council on Science and Health New York, New York Board of $˘Jontlfic Advisors Rosiyn B. Altin-Slater, Ph.D. University of California, Los Angeles Donald Austin, M,D., M.P.H. Calif. Dept. of Health Services Lewis A. Bamess, M.D. University of South Florida College of Medicine Stephen Barrett, M.D. Lehigh Valley Committee Against; Health Fraud, Inc. Michael T. Belongia, Ph.D. St. Louis, Missouri Medln Scott Bergdofl, Ph,D. University of Wisconsin Norman E, Bodaug, Ph.D. Texas A&M University Joseph F. ,Borzelleca, Ph.D. Medical College of Virginia George A. Bray, M.D. University of Southern California Medical Center Edward E. Bums, Ph.D. Texas A&M University Francis R Busta, Ph.D University of Florida WIIItam G. Cahan, M.D. Memorial Sioan, Kettedng Cancer Center Elwood F. Caldwell, Ph.D. University of Minnesota John P. Caltan, M.D. Libertyvill~e, II|inois Barbara N. Campaigns, Ph.D. University,of Cincinnati College of Medicine Emeat E. Campalgne, Ph.D. Indiana University Zafle L. Carpenter, Ph.D. Texas A&M University System Robert G. Cas~ens, Ph.D,; University o~ Wisconsin, RM. Clydesdale, Ph.D. University el MassachusettS Bernard L. Cohen, D.$c. University of Pittsburgh Julius M. Coon, M.D., Ph.D,, Thomas Jefferson University T.J~ Conha, Ph.D. California State Polytechnic University Bernard D. Davis, M.D. Harvard :Medicat School Robert M, Oavlln, Ph.D. University of,Msssachusetts Janet B. Douglass, M.S., R.N. University of Lowell, MassacHusetts Tneron Oownes, Ph.D. Michigan State University Henry Oymsza, Ph.D., R.D. University of Rh~:le Island Merdl Elaenbud, Sc.D. New York ;university MedicaJ Center Jamea E. Enattom, Ph.D. University of California, Los Angeles Daniel R Farkaa, Ph.D. University of Delaware J.S. Felton~ M.D. University of California, I~'ine Owen R. Fennema, Ph.D.. University of Wisconsin Lloyd Jackson Filer, Jr., M.D., Ph.D. Uni'mralty el 10wa Dean C. Fletcher, Ph.D. Washington State University Ralph W. Fogleman, D.V.M. Upper Black Eddy,' Pennsylvania J.D. Fox, Ph.D. University of Kentucky F.J. FranciS, Ph.D. University of Massachusetts Glenn Froning~ Ph.O~ University of Nebraska, Uincoln LaNalla E. Geddas, Ph.D;, R.N. Purdue University' Roger E. Gold, Ph.D. University of Nebraska, Uincoln George G. Graham, M.D. Johns Hopkins University Saxon Graham, Ph.D. SUNY at ;Buttalo, Jesse F. Gregory III, Ph.D~ University of Florida Richard A. Greenberg, Ph.D. Hinsdale~ Illinois Helen A. Guthde, Ph.D. Pennsylvania Slate University Alfred E. Harper, Ph.D, rJniversity of Wisconsin William R. Havender, Ph.D. Berkeley, California Wayland J! Hayes, Jr., M.D~, Ph.D: Vanderbilt University Schoo~ of Medicine Virgil Hays, ,Ph.D: University of Kentucky William E. Hazeltine, Ph.D. Bulte County, California Mosquito Abatement Diskict Norman Heldelbaugh, V.M.D., M.P.H., Ph.D. Texas A&M University L.M. Henderson, Ph.D. Sandy, Utah Victor Herbert; M.D., J.D. Hahnemann University Do Bonia Hiscoe, M~D. Health Central Lansing. Michigan Helen B, Hiiscoe, Ph.D. Michigan State University John Hofbrook, M.D. University of Utah Robert M. HOIlingworth, Ph.D. Purdue University William T. Jarvi's, Ph.D. Loma Uinda :University Norge Jerome, Ph.D. University of Kansas Philip Keeney, Ph.D. Pennsylvania State UniVersity John Kinsella, Ph.D. Cornell University Kathryn M. Kolase, Ph.D., R.D: East Carolina University David Kdtchevsky. Ph,D. The Wi~ta[ Institute, Philadelphia Manfred Kroger, Ph.D. Pennsylvania State University Carolyn Lackey, Ph.D., R.D. North Carolina State University J. Claybum LaForce, Ph.D. University of California, Los Angeles Lawrence E. Lamb, M~D. Communications Inc., San Antonio Bamard J. Llska, Ph.O, Purdue University Daryl Lund, Ph,D. University of Wisconsin 27¸ Howard D. Msccabee, Ph.D,, M.D. Radiation Oncology Center Walnut Crsek,..Califomia Robert MacVIcer, .Ph.D. Oregon State University Roger R Malckel, .Ph.D.. Purdue University Henry G. Manna, J.S;O. Ernory University Chaltes D. May, M.D. Grantham~ New Hampshire John M©Ketta, P.E., Ph.D. Uni~,ersity of Texas at Austin Kdsten McNutt, Ph.D. Good Housekeeping Institute W. W. Melvin, M.D., S˘.D., M.RH. Colorado State University Robert Menzer, Ph,D. University of Maryland : Joseph M. Miller, M.O,, M.P.H. New HamptOn, New Hampshire W.J. Miller, Ph.D. University o4 Georgia J.A. MIIner, Ph.D. University of ;Illinois Oade W. Moeiter, Ph.D. Harvard School of Public Health Grace R Monaco, White. Fine & Verville Eric W. Mood, LLoO., M.P.H. Yale University John P. Morgan, M.D. City College of New York Stephen Jo Moss, D.D.S, M.S; New York University Denial Center Philip Nelson, Ph,D. Purdue University J.E. OMfleld~ Ph.D. Oregon State University Robert E. Oleon, M.D.. Ph.D. SUNY at Stony Brook Jane Odent, M.D. Tucson, Arizona Grm:e L. Oatenso, Ph;O. Committee on Science and TechnolOgy U.S: House of Representatives Rose Made Pangbom, M.S. University of California, Davis Michael Perlza, Ph.D; University:at Wisconsin Albert PearaoR, Ph.D. Michigan State University T.W. Perry, Ph.D. Purdue University Mary Frances Plcctano, ph.D. University of Ill{nots uGeorga Plgott. Ph.D. niversity of Washington John J. Powara, Ph,D. University of British Columbia William D. Powde, Ph.D. University of British Columbia John Rennet, M.D. Sti Mary"s HOspital Kansas City, Missouri i Rite Ricerdo-Campbell. Ph.D. Hoover Institution, Stanford University' Dav~ B. Roll, Ph.D. University of Utah Dale R. Romeoa, Ph.D. Michigan State University David Peter Ro~e, M,O,, Ph.D. American Health Foundation Sheldon Rovln, D.D,S., M.S. University of Pennsylvania Shard Runga, Ph.D. Texas A&M Univeralty. Paul O. Saitmen, Ph.D. University of California, San Diego Hadoert P. Seretti Ph.D. Saraeota, Florida Lowelll D. Satterlse, Ph,O. University of Nebraska, Lincofn Hmry Schwm'tz, Ph.D. Cblumbia University Leroy L. Schwartz, M.O. The Princeton IhstitUte for Health Policy B.S; Schwelgert. Ph.O. University of California, Davis Sidney Shindall, M.D., LL.B. Medical College of Wisconsin Sarah Short, Ph.D., Ed.O., R.D. Syracuse University A.J. Sfodler, Ph.D. University of Illinois S. Fred Siege', Ph.D. University of Virginia Robert R. Spitzor, Ph.D. Milwaukee Scheol of Engineering Ronald T. Stanko, M.D. University of ,Pittsburgh Schoof of Medicine Freddck J. Stare, M.D., Ph.D. Harvard School of Public Health James H. Steele, D.V.M., M.P.H. University of Texas Judith S. Stern, Sc.D. University of California, Davis Stephen S. Stemherg, M.O. Memo~al, Sioan-Kettaring Cancer Canter, Blzabeth R Slier, Ph.D. Rutgers University John W. "ruiner, M.O., Baystate Medical Center Springtield, Massachusetts Robert R Upchurch, Ph.D. U nwersity of Arizor~a Stanley E. Y/allen, Ph.D. Harris Laboratories, Inc; Lincof n, Nebraska W.F. Wardow#xl, Ph.D. University of Flohda Miles Welnberger, M.D. University of Iowa Esther M. Winder, M.D. Monlefiore Medical; Center ~ Bronx, ,New York P~illp L. White, Sc,O. American Madic~ Associ~on C~ K. Whitehalr, D.V.M., Ph.D. Mk~igan State University Carol Whltlock, Ph.D,, R.D. R(x:hester Inst. of Technology Chrtstopher Willdnson, Ph.D. Comell University Richard Wilacn, Ph.O. Harvard University Win~en Winkeleteln Jr., M.D., M.P.H. University of Caliic(nia, :Berkeley Virgil Wodicka, Ph.O. Fulle~lon, California Jamee Hacvey Young, Ph.D. Emory University John A. Zapp, Jr., Ph.D. Kennett Square, Pennsylvania Jolm Dtabold The Diebold Group, I~ ~ R Mu~y, ~. ~uf~ ~mb Leiby & M~Rae N~ Yo~, N~ ~ ~ht C; R~, B.5; Hi,on He~ Island. ~l~n L Sims, ~.D. Un~miW of Ma~