Tobacco Documents Online

(APPENDIX B) DR., HUBER''S'RESEARCH PR©GRAMS AND SUPPORT l 1. Smoking and Health Research Program, This grant, administered throughiHarvard University„ was initiated in 1972 and renewed' in,1I977, in aggregate funding of somewhat greater than $S: milliion. It currently runs through 1980, but in developing an option for potential relocation at the Mount Auburn Hospital the grantors have projected continued support throughi198'3, with,the option toldevelop:n an additional fiv'e-year renewal for the period 1983-1988. 'Dhes agreements go'verning expenditures are brief and simple, designed primarily to provide maximum freedomito the University for program development. Although various catagories for expenditures have been identified, we have freedom to shift funds,, without approval from the grantors, between allocations; approval from grantors is required only for renovation., As initially conceptualizedl„ this program has as its primary focus the study of the biologic effects of cigarette smoking on the cardiovascular andi pulmonary systems of man. In that basic research information was lacking in several' important'areas, the initial studies were to be devoted primarily to~ controlled studies in animals, with subsequent application of the data generated in suchistudies to human investigations., The program is now at the point where human investigations are critical to its continued success., Continued research requiring chronic inhalationistudies in animals will be performed exclusively at Charlesgate West. Animal investigation and animal housing will not be undertaken at the Mount Auburn,Hospi:tal,, except for the study of animal tissues. The tobacco industry has a long history of commitment to research and there is every reason to believe that commitment will continue to our program in the future.,

, Page 2'. C ment of the current program in two directions: (a) Teenage smokers and d school children, andl(b)' Industry-rellated workers. Through the currently funded research,andlthrough the anti'.ci!pated'expansion, large groups of the Cambridge population will be screened for cardiopulmonary disease., Psycho- behavioral studies involving research on the:reasons why people smoke and behavioral modification with smoking will be anlintegraZ part of the current 2. Nicotine Titration ('Accommodation) ' iin Huanan Cigarette Smokers This award involves only human investigations and has been approved by the National Cancer Institute for an initial six months of'support. In the past 25 years or so, and especially in the past decade, there has been a progressive shift of commeresal cigarette sales to tobacco~products of low tar delivery. As tar is reduced,, however,, so too is nicotine:. In that many (but not al'1l)~ smokers smoke to~meet ni:cotine requirements, consumption of cigarettes (both in number of cigarettes and in amount of'each cigarette used)', may increase as nicotine content is lowered. This may result in anlincreased. risk to the consumer, especiallyas related to the carcinogenic effeets of certainigas phase components (which are not xeducediwith lowered tar and, nicotine) and the possible atherogenic effects of carbon monoxide. In the study section reviewing competitive presentations in this area,, our proposal wa!s ranked first. Omithat basis, we have met in Washington,, at the request of NCI program administrators,, to develop protocols for extending,andlexpanding this researchibeyond this initial phase of'suupport. In that regulation of tar/nicotine content of cigarettes is of primary importance to current Congressional legislation,, we anticipate further develop- and expanded research program.

Page 3: 3. Biological Effects of Marijuana on the Lung Thisgrant,,fund'ed throughithe National' Dnstituteof Drug Abuse,, began in 1972 and will be up for renewal in ]I980'., The research is directed towards the interaction of marijuana and the defense system of the lung, with direct comparisons made.to. comparable:exposure with tobacco. The resources that have developed are unique to researchiof this nature. Studies invoTving animals wilT be performed exclusively at Charlesgate West and studies involving humans will be performed exclusively at the Mount AuburniHospital. 4. Tobacco Smoking and Atheroscl'erosis This programlis funded by the National Cancer,Instti.tute through 1980 to evaluate the variables of high and low nicotine and high and low carbon monoxide in the development of experimental atherogenesis in the White Carneau pigeon:. We are currently ininegotiations for aniextension of support. Additional research related to this model is sponsored by:the tobacco industry fundi~ng, to explore mechanisms ofthe development of' atherosclerosis. Our resources in this area are also unique„ and out of 72liniti:al potential awardees we were rankedinumber one in the NCI study section reviewing competitive proposals. As our research progresses in this area, we will develop additional grants to both~enhance our current efforts and assure support beyond 1980. 5. Tobacco Smoke!and the Alveolar Macrophage The research proposal was approved by the National Institute of Environmental Sciences, and if implemented will be supported for three years. David Drath, d C.~? who is head of our biochemistry section, is the principal investigator. The ~ research proposed involves an in-d.epth evaluation of the metabolism and 0 CA Z structure of the pulmonary alveolar macrophage, the key host defense cell of' V

Page 4 C ` the lung. The proposal is dependent,, however,, on continuation of'the Tobacco and Health Research Progarm, through,which core support and resources must be provided. Facilities for large scale chronic animal~ inhalati:on studies aree also required. 6. Stud'ent Research Program The student research program began in,1970' and is funded1by a variety of sources, rangi'ng,from the M'edical Foundationiof Boston to private donations, Before it closed, Palfrey Street School in Watertown provided more participants inimagnitude of approximately $15,000-$'20,000 per year. High school and college students are supported for summer training in biological sciences. have had several students spend an entire academic year with the program., and most student researchers have gone on to distinqui:sh themselves inimedical and graduate school. Incliusion of minority and less privileged individuals has been aniinherent goali of the program in the course of its history, andlit has been used as a model for relatediprograms in other cities. than any other single institution., The program1has been very successful 7. Cardiopulmonary Teaching and Training,P'und As part of their commitment to the overall prog7ram!,, the tobacco industry has made available,, in a separate account administered through Harvard Medical School,, funds to support faculty members and fellows i!n,the general area of' ~ ~ cardiopulmonary diseases. Recipients must be associated withithe Harvard C11 O Tobacco and Health Research Program, and all awards must have the approvali of' the principal' i!nvestigator. The fianding, is intended to helpisupport educatiion, and development beyondidirect research participation or involvement. (In addition to.the yearly allocations, approximately $40„0001or so has accumulated from. unexpended funds in the years pastj

Page~ 5. C 8. Environmental Carcinogens Protocols and funding have been submitted to~ andldiscussed with the. AmericaniPetroleun Institute to evaluate the cardinogenic po ential, of key petrolieumlubricants,,asweliL as inhalation studies ofpotentialpetro~leurncarcinogens, Additional negotiations have been initiated by,theNational Cancer Institute for our evaluating the carcinogenic potential of those:tobacco smoking products uni!que to our program. Other studies with industriaL carcino- gens and toxins are also under consideration and discussion., All of'these: research programs ahre contingent on the development of adequate facilities for animal studies at Charlesgate West„ at which location the research would be exclusively conducted. 9. Sundry Gift Account A sundry gift account ($2,500-10,,000)', has been maintained at Harvard. Medical School,, generated'by gifts and smalil awards, to defer expenses not readily or appropriately chargeable to our research grants..