Tobacco Documents Online

11 Institute Newsletter PREPARED FOR YOUR INFORNIATION BY'THEANSTITUTESTAFF17781 N'.STAEET, N.W., WASHINGTON', D.C. 20D0&• 296-8434 Number 65 January'11, 1973 *** *'*~' *,~* *~~ HARVARD M'EDICAL SCHOOL announced launching of five.-year,, $2.8'milli~on dollar smoking/health:research project to be financed by the tobacco industry. Harvard's Gary L.: Huber, M~.:D.,,leader of the research team,, said in a news release that "While it is common knowledge that ciga- rette smoking has beenalleged'.to be a major,cause of these diseases, many other factors,, not so well publici'.zed, may also be important. These include exposure to air pollutants, the'genetic difference in host susceptibility, and so oni. A direct causal relationship for any of'these or other environmental factors has not been clearly'demon- strated'."' Copies of the release are available from TI. Durham, NX.,, Morni!ng,HeraDd responded with an editorial and said, "The tobacco'industry has taken a commendably respons- ib1le position in its research program. " *** *,~* ~**' ~**' Sen. Moss', (D-Utah,) was the key speaker at a Nat'1 Interagency Council on Smoking and Health (NSC): news conference the day after Congress convened.: Council members had come to Washington to be briefed by Moss staffers, Moss said, on the current smoking/health scene. Moss was critical of Winchester little:cigars' advertising practices, the volume of'cigarette ad'vertising, and smoki~ngiin general, but he praised what he called "a substantial change in the nature of ((ci~ga- ' rette)1) messages," and the effectiveness of the cigarette'labeling 1aw.: Former SG Terrywas the only'other speaker at the 40 minute conference and said his group~(he's a Cancer Society con- sultant and lecturer) wiLl urge Congress,to make the,vol- ~ untary decrease in "tar" and nicotine yields a continuing,, mandatory propos'ition. {1! , ~ Moss announced that he will shortlly'introduce a cigarette labeling act amendment to redefine "'cigarette" to'include'little cigars such, as CD'~ ~'

-2- Winchester and restrict their "'advertising and promotion in~the same manner as other cigarettes." Moss said'he felt the labeling act "had worked," because with "t"-n listings and "prominent warnings" in print ads„ the broadcast ad ban had'fostered "the,development of a new method of advertilsing, new competition (1('tolproduce cigarettes lower in "t"-n)) and manufacture of less hazardous cigarettes." He termed "bad, "' however, tYie volume of print adls, although he said':, "I am not convinced that the goal shoul~d be the elimination of all print advertising of cigarettes,," he said, callingi instead for "the eLimination by regulation of'techniques which,make smoking attractive, the models of romantic,set- tings, admiirable fi.gures, people to be emulated by the young,...But„" he added, "strai:ght, forward, nondeceptive advertiising which aggressively promotes lower tar and nico- tine cigarettes is in the publiic i~nterest. " Moss noted that in 1971 Philip Morris BoardiChrmn. Joseph CulTman, who was then TI executive committee chairman, came to him with charts showing a decline in average "t"-n in American cigarettes between 1956 and' 1'970., He described Cull!man as, "an, outstanding citiizen, a, man of integrity, even if he does manufacture cigarettes."' (Two days liater, however, Moss reintroduced last year's bill to set maximum "t"-n limits.) Federal Trade Commission's Allen Brauninger and Emil Corwin of the Nat'li Clearinghouse for Smoking and Heal'.th:attendedh the conference. Although: Congressional Monitor,, a private Washington publication, reported earlier that hearings on, little cigars had beeniset by Moss for M'arch 27 and 28,, Moss did not mention them d:uriing,the conference or in any of the releases handed out to the press., It was l'earnedl,, however, that while the announcement was "premature" sub- ject to the Committee Chairman's approval, the hearings, will be held at that time. (THE "T"-N CHARTS MOSS REFERRED TO are in a just-published', 996-page transcript of the Consumer Subcommittee hearings of last Feb. on little cigars and the bill to set max,imum "t"-n limits. In,addition to tesflimony,, the volume includes substantial material submitted "for the record." Easily the most outstanding item is the 1130-page tran- script of a secret meeting held 2z:years ago at HEW to determine "harmful constituents of cigarette smoke." TI, Newsletter will report further on this. Meanwhile, limited copies are availabley one-to-a- customer, at TI.) ON JAN'. 9 SEN., ERVIN (D-N.C.), chairman of the Govt. Opera- ti~ons Committee, wired HEW Sec. Richardson to postpone an- other evidentlly secret meeting called for'Jian.: 11 to rec- ommend govt. policy on "t"-n. Ervin, said members of the National Cancer:Advisory Board and: other Federal officials (Cont'd. on page 5)

-3- "SMdKING AND:HEALTH'PROGRAMS ARQUND:THE'WORLD"'is the title--if nott wholly accurate description--of a 40-page report issued by the National Clearinghouse for'Smoking andl Health at HSW. Iit describes efforts (or lack of them)~ in some 90 nations to control tobacco use and teach its asserted,dangers. It says scarcely a wordlabout either publicly or privately financed research activities in many nations aimed at,learning what--if any--those dangers really are. Here is a TI staff "box score" summary of the report. I ~~ ~I 4Y G 'I ~ N R ~I ~ ~' ' o I ~ © +~ 1 c "4 _~ +~ro ~0 ro. ~ro + 17 c I•11 _: ~+~ro (tl, F ra w' ~' v: Ip~ O~ 7-i uN R I m~ 'O. W tr~~ ~10~. S4 W G b?~ M r. FC' S G i U ro •H ro G N' C ',aC E r. -t U rt3 -4 (a , G u ro r-~ -1 o) ~.-1: u +J .1 U ro 'H •4 v •11 U 41 m H m -P •1+ c,~ z~a) a ro ro G rom +J •.~ c4 Z a) c ro.c Nation , ro ' ro a ~ ro 11 s+ .~ 4 N Nation ro I G ro u ro i u a, a' s, 02s ~+'4-) (z a = o © ro Oro -ri +1 ma = © o ro u< s41 s4 3 N ~ u +-) u ~3: s41 4 s4 N ~ s.4 u 4-) ia ~ ao 041 a ro' En - a cp a a ro cn - a. U' E= 5 U E+_ > 0 0 U' C.7 Af.hanistan, X' Egypt Alqeria El Salvador Argentina X Ethiopia Australia X X X', Finland X Austria X,' X, France X: Ban ladesh Germany X X: Barbadbs Ghanai Bell iumi X X' Greece Bolivia, Guatemala, Brazil X' Gu.ana. Bull aria Iceland X X X' Burma Indiana X Cambodia lndones ia, Cameroon Iran. Canada X' X Ireland X6 X X Central ~ African Rep. Israel X Ce vlon X Ital y X X Chad Ivory Coast Chile Jamaica X X Costa Rica Japani X: X' rusi Jordan. Czechoslo- vakia X3' X Ken ai DahomeV Koreai Denmark X Kuwait. Dominican Re ublic Laos E~uador Liberia X

I -4- 0) rn G c G c x ~ ~v Es 41 + H o,ro ro c ~ a , ~i m .U'i ~ G ro ~ ~~ ou ro •`~i m ~ Nation ~~~ ' ' ~~ ~ A ~ a c ro ~ Nation u ro M ~ ~ ~ ~ •.~ A ~ .~ u ~ N +~ ~ ro .~ ~.. ~. ro ~ m s4 ro ro a ,ii s4 0 ~C Q. 0 ~ s~ . ~~ ~~ ro 3 a a , 0 . 3 s~ ~ i ~ +~ ~ ~ +' ~ acn a w, av Emm, ~a V , > O C7. Libyan Arab Re. :. : Trinidad Malagasy Re . Tunisia Malawi Uganda Ma1a. sia USSR: X X' X Ma1i - UK X X X X X. ' Malta US'' X X X X: X Mauritania Uru a. Mexico Yu oslavia. Morocco Zambia X' Ne. al Netherlands X X New Zealandl X X 1. voluntary--4-7:30 pm weekdays;. Nicara ua before 7:30 Sundays. Ni eria 2. Implementing state legi~slation Norway X4 X expected. Pakistan 3. Voluntary. Panama X X X 4. There are no types of'broad'cast Para ua. commercials.. Peru, X7' X X 5. For points of sale, not package I Philii .ines 6. TV only. I Poland X4 X ~ 7. Before 9 pm.. Romania X X ~{ 8. The Clearinghouse report says Saudi Ernest Steed, director of Five. Arabia X4 'X, Day stop-smoking clinics for Sene al the Seventh Day Adventists, may Sierra organize a,Far East-Pacific Leone smok,ing-health conference in Singa. ore X X Singapore next year. South 9. The only nation to carry "tar"- Africa nicotine scores in all adver- S ai~n tising. ,Swaziland Sweden X ' Switzer- land X ~ Tanzania Thailand s..

-5- were to be involvedi. He said the meeting failed to comply with a new law whichibecame effective Jan., 6, whichire- quires gpvt. meetings involvingiany non,govt. employees to be publicized iniadlvance and open to the public. MEANWHILE, NSC'sent a letter to state legislative leaders throughout the country,, enclosing a survey comparing state taxation of little cigars and cigarettes (4q~tax little cigars below cigarettes or not at a1L) and making aipitch to "encourage your state to consider the matter of erasing this tax differential granted to a product which is for all intent and purpose a cigarette." James M. Hundley, 2141.D., signed the,letter as NIC chairman. Its opening sentence said it was written on behalf of "thee private non,governmental agencies" which belong to NIC. But letterhead readers could not help but notice,, among NIC's 30-odd members, listing of the Defense Dept., Veterans Adfiinistrationy U.S. Public Health Service and two other branches of HEW., Chief Justice Burger drew fire from:the Cigar Institute of Americ& which publicly complained about the recent smoking,ban in Amtrak club cars (Newsletter 64). Asking for immediate reversal of the ban„ The Institute wrote Burger, DOT Sec. yollpe and Amtrak,Presid'ent Lewis and said, "The protest of Justice Burger made public and acted'upon,so arbi~trarily by the Amtrak management casts cigar and pipe smoking in a most undesired light." WOULD YOU EXPECT'TO READ THIS in a news release from HEW?: "The great- est single predictor of longevity..,.is not whether or not one smokes,, or how often he.sees a doctor, but the ex,tent to which one i~s satisfied with,one's work." That striking conclusion was reported Dec., 22 when Sec. Richardson released "Work in America,"'a 211-page report of'f a task,force he set up a,year ago to study "qualiity" of' employment and problems:of discontent among employed persons'. WHICH PAPER:DO YOU' READ? It,was a page-one story., The lead on~the New York Dailly:News story said, "How long you li~ve depends more:on whether youlLike,your job than on what you eat, whether you smoke, or,how often you,see a doctor..." The Washingiton Post account never expanded on the health as- pect except in its 15th paragraph: "The group cited studies suggesting that job d:issatisfactioniis one cause of psycho- logical illYness', and even, quite possibly, of some forms of physical illness." No mention of smok,ing..

-6- The New York Times did little better:. Its 30th,paragraph said "manage- ment discontent is reflected i~n.-a marked' increase in the death rate of men between 35 and 40." Further down, the Times noted that "Strongg evidence of links between work quality and health are presented,by the study. A correlation,was foundibetweenijob:satiisfaction and longevity, while job dissatisfactions were found to be linkedito heart diseases,, u2cers, rheumatism and mental illness." *~* **,~ *** ~** TI STAFF PICKED--in advance--a week's incoming press clips to see what the U.S. public had a chance to read about cigarettes in sevenidays' time last month. The topical "winner"': The asserted problems of non- smokers. "Nonsmokers,organized for right to breathe," read a headline in Pueblo,, which pretty welll expressed the tenor of other news stories in Long Beach, Tulsa, Hartford,, Tacoma, Port- land, St. Joseph, Chicago and San Diego., Complaining letters-to-the-editor appeared in Rochester, Buffalo, Knoxvilile,, Chicago, Marion and Phoenix. Editorial's on behalf of'non- smokers appeared in H'artford, Rochester, McKeesport,, Houstoniand Jackson. By-lined coliumns turned up in Detroit, Tucson and Cleveland., NOTE:: None of this material dealt with Chief Justice Burger's success- ful effort to curb smoking on the N.Y.-Washington Metroliner, which was covered by nearly every paper in the country (we've seen 194). In 25 cities, readers saw stories about the alleged harm,of I smoki!ng,for smokers, ranging from,wrinklies to lung cancer., ' One of these was syndicated widely (see below). In 18', I cities there was news-column publicity about stop-smoking ~ "clinics,,"'most of them commerciallly operatedl. In tenicities articles~deallt wi!th--and for the most part lamented--the numbers of persons smoking. In five others there were stories about teaching youngsters not to smoke. In five cities there was publicity about cigarette taxes, in- cludling reports of an increase pushed by the new governor of Indiana, an& of a'"$,10q, 00Q Cigarette Tax War Chest" fromi the Tbbacco Tax,COuncil allegedly used to defeat a recent California referendum. Only one article dealt with smoking-heallth research--an account of' the U'., of Ky., project., Overwhelmed, the "good" news was scant: Four articles about pollution as a possible cause of illlness; one editorial remark:that "The Tobacco Institute's argument that no direct cause-and- effect link has been established between smoking and lung cancer has prevaiiled'in the mind's of most,smokers,"'a remark about a smoker who reached 100,, and a wire service story about Seltzer's finding that smoking doesn't seem to affect life expectancy among the elderly ('see below). *** ®

-7- D_r.: Carl C., Seltzer was at the American H':eart Assn.'s Dallas meeting last Nov. and said that while most scientists claim that a decrease inn cigarette smoking will result in a decl'ine in population death rates, "such a conclusion ignores that fact that ex-smoker data often give contradictory and inconsistent findings and' pose a virtually insoluble problem as to valid interpretations that maybe drawnifromisuch data in the present study design." Seltzer was also iniPuerto Ricolat the annual meeting of the Gerontological Society and said persons who quit smoking after age 65 gain no additional living time.: He said he studi~edIdeath rates of elderly British doctors fromi1953 to 1965,and found although:there was a substantial reduc- tion in their smoking habits, their death:rates did not decline. SYNDICATED MEDICAL COLUMNIST Dr. T.: R.: Van Dellen recently wrote that "Smoker's disease continues to be America's greatest epidemic.: If smallpox or typhoidifever killed 300,000 annually, our government would take a definite stand'and'try to eliminate the pestilence. Each year cigarette-induced diseases take 300,000 American lives, but very little action is taken.: Perhaps Congress has a fear of antagonizing voters or losing revenue." A BOSTONiSTUDY SUGGESTED that people drinking more thanifive cups of coffee daily run about twice the risk,of amacute heart attack as those drinking no coffee at all. After studying matched heart patients:in hospitals inlBoston, New Zealandi, Israel andlCanada, researchers found the association between CHD andicoffee drinking;to be stronger than,that of'cigarette smoking, according to science writer Arthur J. Snider of the Chicago Daily News. Ancel Keys, well know for his study of heart disease rates in seven nations, told an American Heart Assn_ meeting that "The case ((with respect to CHD)) is air-tigbt for attacking;blood pressure, serum cholesterol, cigarette smoking, diabetes, and these are things that people and their doctors can do something about,. If the family history is bad, that is~aTl the more reasonito pay attention to these risk:factors.:" Also, Dr., Hiroo Kato,, Japanese statistician, wrote in aniAHA newsletter that after investigating;a spectrum of factors that may be involved in the cause of heart disease and stroke, he thinks cigarette smoking, dietary habits,: etc.,: may not be as important ri'sk:factors as stress and high blood pressure.: SINGLING'OUT'THE AMERICAN CANCER SOCIETY and the U.:S., Public Health. Service,: Fraser U. (Br,itishiColumbia) Prof. Sterling told the 139th meeting; of the AmericaniAssn.: for the Advancement of Science in Washing;ton Last month that Americaniindustry, private heaTth,ag;encies and govt., research centers have cast a"pall of'secrecy" over much information;needed to assess the health affects of air pollution andd cigarette smoking.: I I

r-' I -8- "By and large," Sterling said',: "studies on the effects of' pollutants are so designed that they tend to underplay the effects of industrial or,air pollutants on health, while studies on the effects of smoki!ngiare so designed that they would overestimate the effects of smokingiin heaIth.," ADENOCARCSNOMA,OF THE LUNG is saidiby some researchers not to be asso- ciated with cigarette smoking., But Weiss, Boucot and associates pub- lished a report in JAMA challenging that theory. They reported onia ten-year studyyof 6„13b men, asserted that 1120 of them developed lung, cancer, andiamong its types only ")aoorly differentiated squamous-cell" did1not show a"dose-response relationship" to cigarette smoking. Auerbach helped'with the classifications. Eihbittered over the:news of an anti-wine group and'inoting that a future TV ban on wine commercials may be in store,, Calif. Gov. Reagan said it's time for business to fight back, against an "economic and political mythology" whichiappears in moves like an attempt to impose national insurance or a TV wine ban. Reagan toldia Sacremento Rotary club that the tobacco industry let the govt. infringe on private enterprise when it didn't fight the radio-TV cigarette baniand said, "Iif they can do this to one,, which product is next2"' LAST SEPT. THE FOOD AND:DRUG ADMINISTRATION banned the chemical germ- icide hexachl'orophene (HCL) and'aTl over-the-counter commercial pro- ducts that used'iit. According to the Wall Street Journal, this left peopl'e with,acne "fuming" because Sterling Drug Co.'s "pHisoHex" was a very popular acne treatment--it contains 3% HCL. Noting the current wave of consumer warnings, the story quotedia drug industry security analyst who said, ""'The public is pretty confused and not very know- liedgable and probably doesn't care very much anyway...You 'ust can"t keep r anymore with what ingredients are good or bad.'" (Emphasis supplied.)' NEW:CHIEF'EXECUTIUE: Milton Rothenberg,, at U.S. Tobacco, as of Jan., 1. He succeeds Louis A. Bantle, who has represented the company on TI's board of directors for more than a dozen years. IRVIN WATSONi, black night club entertainer who appeared several times on the "Ed Sullivan Show,"'was on Barbara Walters' NBC-TV show with, other comedians and said, "I don't like..,.((the warning),) they've been puttingion cigarette packs. At sixty cents a pack, they should say 'hazardous to the weaTth...... nia country where one of the basic freedoms is supposed to be freedom from fear I don't think the govern- ment shouTdigo around trying to scare me like that, unless:they're going to te11i me everythingiin the country that might kill me...I'm sure if youichecked'any battlefield in the world,, ni~nety-nine percent of the men would tell you that they would rather smoke than fight." W. Q)' ® U' ~ N 0 I~A e=