Tobacco Documents Online

n PREPARED FORIYOUR, INFORNA'TIONI9Y.THEINSTITUTEI STAFF 1778.KSTREET, N.W.; WAS'HINGTON, D.C. 200061 • 29b-Ot7M Number 1!08' October 15, 1974. SPEC'IALiNOTICE:: With this issue, you have,your personal copy of "The Cigarette Controversy", The Institute,"s comprehensive view of the smoking and healtli, question,. We urge you to' become familiar with this newly revised and up-to-date document. We urge you further to consider how many additionall copies you--youo^ company-- your organization might effectively use.. Your order will be gratefully receiived''up to the end of December, and will be filled-- without,charge--right after January 1. Please let me hear from youl. Horace R. Kornegay, President The Tobacco Institute 17,76'K Street Northwest Washington, D:. C. 2000':& SEPT. 15 WAS THE DEADLINE for public submissions of datalto:the Department of Labor which'might help the Occupational Safety andiHealth Administration (OSHA) prepare what it callled "an environmental statement assessing the impact of a proposed standardlfor occupational exposure to carbonimonoxide to:be publishediinn the Federal Register in the near future." Labor saidl.it will take public comments on the statement for 45 days after it appears. WASHIN'GTON Banzhaf, executive director of Action on Smoking andlHeal''th,, sent a "Dear Colleagues"' letter to other anti-tobacco sources Sept. 3, appealing to them to floodlOSHA with requests that "their proposed'standard on occupationaZ exposure to carbon monoxide shouZd zncZude specific pratection,fram carbon monoxide generated by the smoking of'cigarettes and:other tobacco products." SIX MAJOR CIGARETTE MFRSI. asked the U. S'. District Court to let them inter- vene in the suit filed in August by Sen. Moss and the American Publiic. Health Assn,., seekinglto force the Consumer Product Slafety Commission to take jurisdiction over ciigarette'"tar" content. Last May the Commission voted 3-2 that it lacked j'uriisdiction. The companies told the court that

-2- if if they're made parties in the case, they"11 argue, among other things,, that neither Moss nor APHA has any standing to sue the CPSC'because the latter's action couldn't have injured them--neither litigant smokes. LAW REQUIRES the National Heart & Lung,Iinstitute to prepare a five-year plan for research,and treatment for the President to send to Congress.. He didiso last month and the NHLI document hadiquite aibit to say about smoking: • Pages 11 and 36 said "cessation of cigarette smoking will decrease the enhanced risk of heart attacks canong smokers." •:Page 301described the muSti-milli!on-dollar "MR.FIT" project which is using volunteers toilearn whether cessation of smoking will decrease heart ailments. • The appendix states that emphysema and chronic bronchitiis "may be associated" with,smoking. Page 1'.09 says smoking is "believed to be a prime factor" in those diseases. Pages6 and 59 say smokingi"has Tong been recognized: as a major risk factor"'in those illnesses. ANYWAY, NHLI says is will test:"psychoLogical and pharmacological approaches" in an effort to "inod'ify the smoking habits of persons at ri~sk of developing lungidiseases,"'placing this among its "major goals." It also disclosedi, without amplificatiion,, that the Veterans Administration is doing experiments to find' whether nicotine is involved in "harmful effects produced by inhalation,of cigarette smoke over many months:." HEW SAID IN A NEWS RELEASE that "stopping the cigarette habit appears to increase one's~prospects for survival." The re- lease coveredlpublication of the second follow-up study of death rates among nearly 300,000 U. S'. military veterans. The author, Eugene Rogot of the National Heart & Lung:Institute, said veterans:who said they were smokers whenithey were sur- veyed back in the 50's have had higher dieath rates.. SHUBIK, of Eppley Institute, member of the National Cancer Adviisory Board,, publicly attacked tobacco industry-supported researchers at almeetin:g of the Tobacco Working Group at National Cancer Institute,last month. According to Cancer Newsletter, Shubik burst out, referring to the recent years of controversy over smoking and health,:: "It shocks me that 20 years Zater you have not joined the convmunity of inen. You wiZ2 go down in history denying facts well-knomm, to the scientific comrnunity." He said he doubted anyone at the meeting didn't believe the "case" against cigarettes., Bates, research di~rector for L&' M, quickly said, "It is not true for this member. " Later, in alcorridor,, Shubik called one industry scientist a"prostitute," according to the newsletter. The POST ran a report that the Consumer Product Safety Commisr sioniorderedi 80 flags bearing the agency's seal (each $35.77) , nearly 100 wood and plastic versions for wall decorati~ons (each $33.48) and 900 "smart-looking ashtrays." No,, not ashtrays ann agency spokesman said. They were paperweights. INSERTED INTO THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD;:: By Rep. Perkins (D-Ky.), copy of the letter of complaint about the Dow Chemical/Allred Chemical report on

-3- arsenics to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration fromlex- ecutives of Tobacco Workers International (Newsletter 107)., A,HOUSE SPEECH, by Rep., Koch (D-N.YI.), using Mrs. Ford's illness as an excuse to call for a "Manhattan Project" toilick cancer, to be paid for by new cigarette taxes, was too much,for Rep. Wampler (R-Va.)., Wampler said Koch's "'illogic"'was "tragi~calliy misguided," pointing out Koch had said on the one hand that cigarettes cause cancer and on the other that the cause is not known,. Wampler said!cancer will be "cured by scientific research,, not emotional rhetoric." He noted Koch.had said the present federal cigarette tax is 3C', when in fact it's:8!C. WIDENING FOCUS!r A decade ago, the popular media said little about environmental cancer causes be- yond'everyone's favorite--assertedly cigarette smoking. This month two reporters--one of them grudgingly--took a broader view: • Jane Brod`,,, in, the New York Times: "There already is ann epidemic of bung, cancer because society failed to recognize the insidious hazards of cigarettes some 50 years ago.,. In recent' weeks, in addition to aZdrin and dieZdrin; several potential hazards have received pubZic attention; notably asbestos, arsenic and vinyZ chZoride " • Barry Kramer, in the Wall Street Journal: ": ..T'he ' ~ MEDIA orsde poznt up the potentvaZ dangers out vinyl chZ fi ings of an entire group of similar chemicaZ's. . . to which every human beting, has multiple exposures. It would be difficult to find a person anywhere who hasn't come in contact uith products such as plastics, anesthetics,, insecticides and'' herbicides, solvents and pha.rmaceut'icals; all of'mhich cann be made from chlorinated hydrocarbons."' SCIENCE magazine ran a review by Jerome Jaffe of "Smoking Behavior--Motives and Incentives", the book edited by Philip Morris' Bill Dunn resulting from,a Council for Tobacco Research symposium in 1972. He liked the book but lamentedlits failure to "take a stand" on the smoking-health controversy, and found that "t_iot surprising"'in view of the CTR involvement. Jaffe is former ch,ief' of the,Nixon Administration's drug abuse program. By coincidence,, a spokesman for Smokenders, a commercial organiza- tion, disclosed two~weeks ago that Jaffe is doing research for the company. A LETTER TO THE EDITOR appeared in the New York Times fromiKurt Vonnegut Jr. It said'that a lady suggested in a recent letter "that am empZoyment policy which discriminates against'.smokers is a good'.one: Maybe so. But I am re- minded of what the great General Electric scientist'. Charles Proteus Steinmetz did mhene t'he company put up 'iNo;Shroking' signs in his laboratory, buiZding. He put up a sign whieh, sai'd; 'No Steinnnetz, ' and he went home. " FORBEB'' two-page article on asserted financial success of the ei.garette companies (Oct. 15) was pretty left-handedi. They "laugh at inflatiion," it said., "Once hookedl, the smoker willl give up almost anything before he drops this.small luxury." And,, "Cigarette makers like to blame taxes for the present highh price of cigarettes, but the facts do~not bear this out."

f -4- f AMOCO OSL COMPANY'ranian eight-page supplement in;Sunday papers,explaining that most '75 cars will have catalytic converters andiuse only lead-free gas,, eliminating 83% of carbon monoxide emissions, which,Amocoicallled "toxic fumes," and 90% of hydrocarbons, which i~t saidicreates "harmfuli smog, " SPECKLED with notes, quotes and Peter Max-like illlustrations,. Washingtonian magazine (the Capital's counterpart to New,Yorker:), published,a long feature story on,"How to Stop Smoking And How to Stop Again and Again and'Again. .."' The article quotedl researchers, propagandists and psychologists, and listedinames, addresses, phone numbers and contacts where smokers reportedly can get information on how to stop smoking or clinical. "assistance"'in quitting. MEDICAL TRIBUNE, a give-away paper for doctors supported by pharmaceuti~call interests, tias over the years reported a heavy share of innuendo,, mis- leading statements andifalse facts about tobacco. This month, it ran an editorial inveighing against "medical muckrakers" and deplored their "innuendo, misleading statements and'false facts." THE PUBLIC SMOKING'ISSUE was rek,indledlin Suffolk Co,. (Long Iisland, N.Y.) by the board of health, whi'ch agreed to consider restricting smoking inipublic places countywide after the county legislature killedithree similar proposals (Newsletter 1Qi6). Health Services Commissioner Dr. Mary C. McLaughlin was quoted in Newsday saying, "None of my directors would dare smoke...i'n public." A WASHINGTON STATE SENATOR'told the Spokane Chronicle that any regulation,of smoking in public places should come as a result of laws passed by the legislature and not by the rule of an administrative state agency. "Rights of tobacco users," he said, "rarust' be recogn-ized' as well as the desires of nonsmokers, and I feel this is a matter for the Z'egislature to handle, not some state agency:" NONSMOKER ISSUE FREMONT, CaSiif., passed a watered-down version of an ordinance that would has,re,extended a parti~al smoking ban to restaurants and retail: stores in that city (Newsletter 1q7). The ordinance will prohibit smoking in council chambers, at city meetings, in elevators,, iniwaiting rooms of public health facilities, in theatres and on buses and trains in the city. , METROPOLITANITRANSST AUTHORITY in Nashville voted to banismoking on all city buses. NATIONAL RESTAURANT ASSN. officially adopted a policy opposing enactment of laws and ordinances that would'prohibit smoking in restaurants. Their resolution said past experience "in, atterrrptinc to ZegisZ,ate social habits hass demonstrated the undesirabiZity of enacting Zcn;s,that cannot be enforced," that to enact such social laws °wouZd invite disorder and' economic sanctions. .. which the restauranteur should not have to bear" and "tlie government does not anu' shouZd'not attempt' to abridge individual freedcm,s in each of these instances for if'it' did there would be virtuala'y no end to the possibZe legisZati~ve restrictions." RESEARCH CARBON MONOXIDE from auto exhausts may increase the possibility of auto accidents, reported!two

-5- Environmental Protection Agency investigators in The Journal of Safety Research, a National Safety Council publication. The researchers said their tests showed that six drivers subjected to CO levels equal to those found in normal driving conditions were not as alert as drivers' exposed to clean air. They added that a cigarette smoker was tested and found to be more alert than,nonsmoker:s, leading the researchers to conclude that smokers are less affected by CO. HARKE', the German who has:built up tobacco smoke i~n closed rooms far beyond normal levels and reported no apparent acute effects of nicotine or carbon monoxide on people, is scheduledito give a paper Oct. 251at the Tobacco Chemists" Research Conference in Raleigh. Subject: "The Problem of Passive Smoking. Particulate Matter from Tobacco Smoke in Enclosed Places." A:NEW'DISEASE„ "Green Tbbacco Sickness," was reported in Journal of the American Medical Assn., by four North Carolina researchers,, (one was an M.D. , who concluded that "cigarette smoking affords protection against the illness." The authors said that the "sicknessP" is associated with picking wet tobacco ("the absorption of nicotine from the tobacco leaf is the probable cause") and they found that among men who smoke cigarettes, the incidence of "Green Tobacco Sickness"'was practically nonexistent.. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONi''S Office of:Mental Health publishedl a report about "problems and programmes related to alcolioI and, drug,dependence in 33'countries."' Tobacco smoking was included.. Gleanings:: "In Poland; the production and'distribution of tobacco are in the hands of'the state and there is no advertising„ but in 1969 the output' of tobacco and'it's products was 2.7'times as high as in 1950. ...The printing of heaZth hazard warnings on cigarette packages has been,advo- cated rvidely and impZemented:in some countries. The ef,fect of this measure does not seem to have been evaZuated; and may,in fact lead to increased consumption." LOUISVILLE COURIER'-JOURNAL quoted George Digenis of the Tobacco and'Health Research,Institute at U. of Ky. as sayimg he and associates have developed a cigarette filter that makes smoke "four to five times:safer." The filter was described as polystyrene treated wiith,unspecifi~ed chemicals which re- moves as yet unidentified materials from smoke which has yielded what Diigenis called' "excellent datai" from bioassays. THE PAPER aTso repor,ted that Dr. Arthur: A. Stein, technical' advisor to the Institute, said that an agri~cultural product needs to be developed to compete with the new substitute smoking materi!als entering the market. The story said funding of the Institute has reached $,1i3 mi~llion from the half-cent cigarette tax levied inil!970, and some $8 million from the U1. S. Department of Agriculture., PEOPLE FORMER SURGEON GENERAL Terry told the S!eattle:Post-Intelligencer that he agreed with HEW Sec. Weinberger's attack on the Federal Energy Office for giving tobacco farmers the same fuel priority as other farmers (Newsletter 106:)i. Terry, currently heading,an academic consulting

-6- { firm,, told the Post-Intelligencer that the U. S. is without &surgeon general (the post was vacatediandinot filled early in 19T3) because "the politicans don't want a career health person in suchia high posi- tion." Asked' about nonsmokers "'rights"' he said: "When hi~s ((the smoker's)) smoking infringes on my rights, then that's the limit." He did add that smokers have some,rights too. FORMER SURGEON GENERAL Terry told the Seattle Post-Intelligencer that he agreed wiith,HEW Sec., Weinberger's attack on the Fpdieral Energy Office for giving tobacco farmers the,same fuel priority as other farmers (Newsletter 106). Terry, currently heading an academic consultingifirm, told the Post-Intelligencer that the Ui. S. is without a surgeon gen- eral (the post was vacated and not filled early in 1973) because "the politiciians don't want a career health,person in,such a highiposition." Asked about nonsmokers "rights" he said: "When,h,is ((the smoker's)) smoking infringes on my rights, then that's the limit." He did add that smokers have some rights too. DR. WILBERT S. ARONOW,, cardiologist at U. of Calif., I~rvine,, told UPI that a few puffs on a marijuana cigarette will cut,in half the:length, of time a heart patient can exercise without feeling sharp chest pai~ns.. He said! this i~s about twice as great as the "harmful" effect of tobacco cigarettes. F©REIiGN be affixed. I IN CANADA the Minister of National Revenue has decided to no longer require that tax stampss to tobacco products in that country. ..The New Brunswick Cbuncil on Smoking and,Health has:received aigrant of $17',600 from the Dept. of National H,ealth: & Welfare to promofle,nonsmokers" "rights"., .., A Kingston, Ontario, hospital has banned visitor and staff smok,ing in, patients!' rooms as part of a campaign sponsored by the hospital, the Canadlilan Cancer Society and other voluntary health organizations., BRITISH GOVT. released its third,"tar" and nicotine report for its domes:tic:aigarettes and announced that cigarette ads in that country must carry official "tar"-nicotine liistings. British newspapers, a foreign source said, noted that the govt, still hopes to persuade the tobacco indiustry to go further and print the "t"-n listings on individual packs. , HEALTH QRGANIZATIONS "YOUR,CANCER'DOLLAR': NOT MUCH, GOES TO FIGHT 4-- CANCER" "RESEARCH GETSIONILY 10% OF CANCER FUNDS:" "CANCER GOT 3.8% OF GOLF BENEFITV ' GROBS" "MANDEL ORDERS'PROBE OF'CANCER' FUND OUTLAYS" Those successive headlines appeared on an expose series of articles in the Baltimore News-American about the way the Maryiand chapter of the American Cancer Society collects and spends money. An investiga- tive team of newsmen reported, among other things:. . 401, ' of'every dollar pays salaries andlbenefits for the chapter's staff--nearly half'a million dollars last year in,the one small state alone, O ~ W ~ . Less than130% went to research and patient care. ~ ~ . The exec., v.p. of the bank where the chapter''s funds are dhpositedli~s the ACS chapter's treasurer. NJ W `.=

-7- • A 1972'"celebrity golf tournament" to benefit ACS grossed $78,000 of which ACS received $2,94'0. Gov. Mand'el took note, said "a reZativeZy smaZl' proportion of'the contributzons coZl;ecteve actuaZZy, beem used for the intended charitabZe purpose;,'"'and appointed a fi!ve-member commission to probe for further facts andire- port back on the adequacy of state and federali laws to protect the public. ACS hadian exhibit at a Kentucky county fair--but not about cancer research,. It featured aidummy inhaling cigarette smoke into glass "lungs~." The passersby were given antil- smokingil'iterature--not just ACS material!, but tracts from the American,Lung Assn. and the SeventhiDay Adventists., MONTANA Li7NG'ASSN. distributed a list of its "school,programs, films and materials". A,count of,the subject categories shows where the Christmas Seal money goes: 110 items about pollution, 21 about lung diseases and 27'about smoking. FALLING OUT': Northeastern Lung Conference programmed a debate in Washington on the qpestion,, "Is the non-smokers rights campaign productive?"'and they got it. Cynthia Strauff, public information director for the American Lung Assn. of Maryland, called the campaign "PR'tactics," and "an artificially manufactured cause:." She said it's "tasteless,"' and "'diverts funds." Banzhaf defended'not only the role of his Action:on. Smoking &,H,ealith:,, but accused the ALA of a"'copout" in not doing!more to h:elp.. He said ALA doesn't evenistop smok,ing in its own offices. INDUSTRY NtwS PHILIP MORRIS V.P. BOWLING told the West Virginia Wholesalers Assn. that nonsmokers may be slighted as doctors are persuaded to check smokers more carefully. In addition, he said that myths about the effects of cigarette smoke in the air are being used to:deny the personal rights of people to smoke in public places. Bowling said that as a result of inedical' d'etection, bias, lung cancer is over-diagnosed in smokers and under-diagnosed in, nonsmokers. "It is a tragic irony„" he said, "'when a doctor is predisposed in his dittgnosis. Some nonsmokers, incZuding the ardent foes of'cigarettes,, maybe receivzng i:naddequate medicaZ attention." PRESS REPORTS that the Department of Agriculture might end burlley production controls brought public opposition fromi Sen. Cook (R-Ky.). FOR YOUR OWN DSSTRIiBUTIiON: More copies of the Executive Healthh reprint, "The'Case Against Tobacco:is Not Closed," authored by Domingo M. Aviado,, M'.,D. and recently sent to all Newsletter recipiients, are available by contacting The Institute. #'# # #'