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389 STATEMENT OF EDWIN R. FISHER, M.D. I am Edwin R. Fisher of Pittsburgh, Pa. I am currently professor of pathology at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and director of laboratories at the Shadyside Hospital in Pittsburgh, Pa. In addition, I am a consultant in pathology at the Veterans' Administration Hospital in Pittsburgh and the Brownsville General Hospital of Brownsville, Pa. I am a 1947 graduate of the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. I received postgraduate train- icg at the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, and the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. I was certified by the American Board of Pathology in both anatomic and clinical pathology in 1952. I am a member of the honorary medical society Alpha Omega Alpha and Sigma Xi, the honorary society for scientific advancement. I was the recipient of the Parke-Davis Award in Experimental Pathology in 1963 and the Man of the Year in Medicine in the city of Pittsburgh in 1966. ...,I am a member of many scientific societies, including the American Association of Cancer Research and the American Society for the Study of Arteriosclerosis.

390 I am the author of 490 scientific publications in American and international journals and textbooks. I have served on the editorial boards of the journal Cancer and of the American Journal of Clinical Pathology as well as the Board of Scientific Directors of Ellis'Fiscbel Cancer Hospital, Columbia, Mo., and the Board of Reviewers for the American Society of Atherosclerosis and am the project pathologist for the National Surgical Adjuvant, Breast and Colon Projects of the National Cancer Institute. I should first like to direct my remarks to personally conducted experiments concerning the possible atherogenic ef- fects of nicotine per se. Atherogenesis is the process which results in the disease which we commonly regard as hardening of the arteries, technically called atherosclerosis. We have also conducted such experiments with actual cigarette smoke which, of course, includes the relationship of carbon monoxide to the atherosclerotic process. Reprints describing these experi- ments are being submitted as part of this statement. In these experiments it was clearly demonstrated in the rabbit that realistic doses of either nicotine or cigarette smoke failed to initiate, exacerbate, or otherwise influence the atherogenic process in that species. -2- 39 You will notice that I used the doses". I think that is very importa studies which have exhibited minor or the use of an equivalent dose of 800 in man. This is such a large number find It difficult to find the time to Another point which r would lik One could justly say you found nothin: experience in the rabbit apply to man' experiment in the laboratory caa do i: look and perhaps what we should look : With those two points in mind, : It might be well to emphasize that tt other study of any scientific validiv uhat indicates that nicotine adversel, 'low. Indeed, most of the studies re~ actually accentuates and enhances corc relating adverse effects of cigarette that is, persons who suffer chest pair a:teriosclerotic heart disease, shoulc indicating that cigarette smoke is eti arteriosclerotic process. Of course t a person with angina should not be doi smoking causes the condition which mat The answer is it hasn't been demonstrs -3-

391 You will notice that I used the designation "realistic doses". I think that is very important. There have been some studies which have exhibited minor or questionable changes with the use of an equivalent dose of 600 or more cigarettes a day in man. This is such a large number that I think man would find it difficult to find the time to smoke them. Another point which I would like to emphasize is this. One could justly say you found nothing in the rabbit but can_the experience in the rabbit apply to man? What the scientific experiment in the laboratory can do is indicate where we should look and perhaps what we should look for in the clinical setting. With those two points in mind, I should like to continue. It might be well to emphasize that there is no pharmacologic or other study of any scientific validity or acceptability to me that indicates that nicotine adversely affects coronary blood flow. Indeed, most of the studies reveal that this agent actually accentuates and enhances coronary blood flow. Accounts relating adverse effects of cigarette smoke on angina patients, that is, persons who suffer chest pain, probably as a result of arteriosclerotic heart disease, should not be interpreted as indicating that cigarette smoke is etiologically related to the arteriosclerotic process. Of course there are many things which a person with angina should not be doing. The issue is whether smoking causes the condition which manifests itself as angina. The answer is it hasn't been demonstrated. -3-

392 Further it should be noted that the studies which purport to show that smoking already affects persons with angina in- volved very few patients -- less than 10. I submit to you that is not a valid scientific sample upon which to base any con- ,tu g~1 clusions. s;ial I have reviewed the scientific literature on the subject of .coronary heart disease and smoking and find other studies which support my experimental work. -For example, studies of workers exposed to carbon monoxide over long periods of time find that the exposed workers do not have an increased incidence of atherosclerosis compared to the general population. Other studies raise serious questions about the smoking causation hypothesis. For example, studies of twins in Sweden _: :x are very illuminating on this subject. When the researchers looked ;,30,, at monozygotic twins (i.e., identical twins), they found that there,--;1 was no increased rate of coronary heart disease in the smoking twin as compared to the nonsmoking twin. This led the researchers to conclude that their studies "...can be interpreted as showing that both the development of IHD [ischaemic or coronary heart disease] and death from it are under a relatively strong genetic influence." Likewise, a 19?9 study of cardiovascular disease in Switzerland found that while Swiss women have increased their their rate of cardiovascular over the last quarter century okin s , g m . -. r. 54 disease has declined significantly during the same period. Thus, my own experimental work and review of the scientific literature leads me to the conclusion that cigarette smoking has not been scientifically established to be a cause of atherosclerosis. -4- I rf Birth: 9/2/23 393 CURRICULUM VITAE ED1,fIN R. FISHER, N I Education -sity of Pittsburgh - B.S., Summa cum Laude, i raity of Pittsburgh - School of Medicine, M.D. Postgraduate Training & Hosnit Internship, Mercy Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pa .--y in 7atftology, 1lercy Hospital, Pittsburch, y y in Patholocy, Cleveland Clinic, Cle;eland .._nt Patlrolceist & Staff, Cleveland Clinic, C1 cf Pzthology & Histochcmistry, hatl. Inst. He te Pathologist & Staff, Cleveland Clinic, Cl -, L>_boratory Service, b'eterans Adm Hosp., Pitt C~ ief of Stzff, Yeterans Pdm Hosp., Pittstar . . =_taracories, Shadyside Hospital, Pitts ir %-t'r:ology, Vetcrans F.dm. Hospital, Pi Teaching Apnointn^r. sr, Dept. of Pathology, University of Pro`Csser of Patholoay, University of Pit _,` Pathology, University of Pittsburgh. 1- Certifications A.-:erican Board of Pathology in Pathologi; Honorary Fraternities Awards -s=arc`; Fellow, U.S.P.H.S. 1957-1961. 2szarcti A..ard, U.S.P.H.S. 1962-1965. ~ard in Ezpprimental Pathology, 1963. e`'ear in Medicine, Junior Chamber of Corc Letter..,an of Distinction, Varsity Letter C1. Societies =ss'. of Pathologists & Bacteriologists. n Society of Clinical Pathologists. :y for Experirontal Medicine & Biology. sn. for Advancement of Science. ssn. of University Professors. ---. c` Univ. Pathologists (Pluto Club). __ciety for Study of Arteriosclerosis.

393 ('r,ivcrsity of Pittsburgh - B.S., Su.mna cum Laude, 1945. L'nivcrsity of Pittsburgh - School df Medicine, M.D., 1947. Education ' Postgraduate Training L Hosoital .^.oooint-ents Potating Internship, Mercy Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pa. 1947-1949. P.esidency in Pathology, 14ercy Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pc. 1°_48-1949. F.esi?ency in Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Chio. 1;a9-1951. Assistant Pathologist 3 Staff, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Chio. 195!-1952. Cept. of Pathology L Histochemistry, hatl. Inst. Health, Eethesda, Xd. 1952-1954. issociate Pathologist & Staff, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. 1954. t`, Laboratory Service, Veterans Az.n Hosp., Pi.tsLurgh, Pa. 152-0.1955-1970. ot. Chief of Staff, Veterans P.G^ Hosp., PittsLur;h, Pa. 152~0. 1957-1970. or of L>taracories, Shadyside Hospital, Pi;tsbur,h, Pa. 191C- -ltcnt in (`etf:ology, Beterans Adm. Hospital, Pittstura!i,.Pa. 152':^. 1970- Teeching Apnain-r,ents ieac' r.g Fcllor, Cept. of Pathology, University of Pitt<_L rgh. 19ti2-i9:9. 'sso_iate Professcr of Patholoay, University of Pittsburgh. 1955-1?58. F 'r0'e5SOr of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh. 1958- . Certificatinns Certified, tr,erican Board of Pathology in Pathologic P.natoTy and Clinical Pat':oleey, 19~2. A.0.A. Sig-ia Xi CURRICULUM VITAE EDI.1IH R. FISHER, M.D. Honorary Fraternities Awards Ser.ior Research Fellow, U.S.P.H.S. 1957-1961. Career Research A.:ard, U.S.P.H.S. 1962-1965. Parke-Davis kqard in EzpAri-ental Pathology, 1963. Nan of the Year in Pedicine, Junior Chamber of Corerce of Pittsburgh, 19E6. Varsity Letter-,an of Distinction, Varsity Letter Club, University of Pittsburgh, 1971. Societies :.m. Assn. of Pathologists & Bacteriologists. '.aerican Society of Clinical Pathologists. 'ociety for Experimental Piedicine & Biology. 'm. Assn, for Advancement of Science. 'm. Assn. of University Professors. 'asn. of Univ. Pathologists (Pluto Club). .:m. Society for Study of Arteriosclerosis.

394 CUitRICUllM VITAE (Continued) Edwin R. Fisher, M.D. Electron Microscope Society of America Mierican Society of Dermatopathology Penna. Assn. of Clinical Pathologists Am. Society of Nephrology College of American Pathologists International Academy of Pathology .. Society for Experimental Pathology American Rheumatism Association Histochemistry Society +merican Assn. for Cancer Research American Society of Cell Biology tkx York Academy of Science American Therapeutic Society Pan American Medical Society American Thoracic Society 'ransplantation Society ,rll.~r Purdy Stout Society of Surgical Pathologists Robert B. Turnbull Surgical Society Editorial Positions Editorial Advisory Board-, Cancer tletastasis Reviews Consulting Editor, Year Book of Cancer Board of Editors, European Journal of Cancer 3oard of Editors, Americal Journal of Clinical PAthology °oard of Editors, Cancer 1973-1976 3oard of Editors, Ultrastructural Pathology Hoard of Editors, Breast Cancer Research and Treatment Committees :Jnion International Contra Center, 1968-1971 "onsultant, Conmittee on Nomenclature and Classification of Disease, College of American Pathologists,1958-1962 :hief Pathologist, National Surcigal Adjuvant Breast Project, Cancer Tnstitute, 1971- Consultant Reviewer, American Heart Association, 1973- 3oard of Scientific Advisors, Cancer Research Center, Ellis Fischel State Cancer Hospital, Colunibia Missouri. 1975- ?.eferee, Faculty Scholar Award Program, Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, 1978- Publications 480 as of July 1, 1981. 0 39. Tsibliography - Edwin R. Fisher, M.D. 1. * Successful management of infantllc diarr'. J. Dig.Dis., 17:334-337, 1950. 2. R Polynrtcritis nodosa lnvolving the fcnal, 6 Gyn. 60:445-447, 1950. - 3. Observations on the cosinophil count in : cortical function. Am. J. Ked. Sei. 221 4. Eosinophilic grar.uloma of rib. J. Thora, 5. * Ha=artona of the pcricardiun: Lymphatic 18:12-17, 1951. 6. k Pricary linitis plastics carcinoma of t? 16:210-217, 1951. 7. * Nodular goitcr and carcinoma of the thyrc 1951. 8. * Bleeding duodenal ulcer associated uith c Gastroenterology 18:626-631. 1951. ' 9. * Intracranial epcndycoaa: C1lnicopatholoF Quart. 18:260=270, 1951. 10. * Nor.chr:aaffin paragangliona of the orbit. 11. + P•istolcgic and distribution studics of rc pig. Am. J. Mcd. Sci. 223:502-511, 1952. 12. lrrhenoblastona of the ovary. Ana. Surg. 13. * Coarctacion of the abdc•stinal aorta with r 14. Int. l1cd. By:943-950, 1952. * Lir.itis plastica carcinoma of the stomach cir.uiccing a colonic lesion. Castrocr.tcr * 7ny'-oid tumor of the urinary bledder. .i. * The differcntlation of invasive and aoa-1in:cstir.al polyps. Clev. Clin. Quart. 19 *~ Malignant polyps of the rectum and s1Eno1 consideraeions. S.G. & 0. 94:619-623, 19 15. 16. 17. 18. Malignant polyp of the rectum: Follov-un 19. Post Craduate :.ed. 12:303-307, 1952. * Ilemangiopericytoma: Special histologie a. Am. J. Path. 28:653-661, 1952. * Thycic neoplasas. J. of Thoracie Surg. 2Pat!:o10gic changes following bilateral nc; J. of Lab. Invest. 1:351-363, 1952. * Y.ultiple xesothclfal cysts of the periton. 20. 21. 22. 23. 330, 1952. The rclacion betveen benign ulcer and wr: Castrocntcroloz;y 22:103-111, 1952. The nephrocoxic action of spernlne. Proc. 80:452-454, 1952. Sfaultar.cous accurrence of thyroldicis anc thyroid. Cancer 6:57-62, 1953. 24. 25. 26. * Diffuse papillomatous polyps (villous tu_c and clinical ol-scrvations. Am. J. S.•rg. t • The destruction of cytoplasmic basophilia Tech. 28:9-12, 1953. . 27. * Indicates senior or sole author. 95-077 0-82-26

395 Sibliography - Edwin R. Fishcr, H.D. 1. * Successful management of infantile diarrhea in a general hotpital. Am. J. Dig.Dis., 17:334-337, 1950. 2. * Polyartcritls r,odosa Snvolving the fenale genital tract. Am. J. Ob. & Gyn. 60:445-447, 1950. ' 3. Observations on the cosinophil count in man: a proposed test of adrenal eortlcal function. /w. J. Mcd. Sei. 221:1'-1-132. 1951. • 4. Eosinophllic grar.uloma of rib. J. Thoracic Surg. 21:24-29, 1951. 5. R NaJartooa of the pcricardien: Lymphatic type. Clev. C11n. Quart. 18:12-17, 1951. - 6. * Prinary linitis plastica carcinooa of the colon. Clev. Clin. Quart. 16:210-217, 1951. 7. * Nodular goiter and carcinooa of the thyroid. Am. J. Surg. 82:202-209, 1951. 8. * Bleeding duodenal ulcer assoeiated with cerebellar tunor in childhood. Gaetrocnterology 18:626-631, 1951. - 9. * Intracranlal opcndyzroma: Clinicopsthologie obse:vatioas. Clev. Clin, Quart. 18:2G0=270, 1951. 10. * Nor.chz.naffin paragangllona of the orbit. Cancer 5:521-524, 1952. 11. * P.istolcgic and distribution studies of radioactive gold in the guinea pig. An. J. Mcd. Sci. 223:502-511, 1952. ' 12. Ar:hcnoblasto-.a of the ovary. Ann. Surg. 135:543-548, 1952. 13. * Coarctction of the abdeninal aorta vith resultant hypertension. Arch. Inc. Ncd. 8y:943-950, 1952. - * Lir,itis plastica carcinoma of the stoeach with extensive metaetases 14. sir.uletir•g a colonic lesion. Castroer-terology 20:SD3-308, 1952. 15. * Pnylold tueor of thc• urinary bladCer. 50:96-93, 1952. LG. • The differentiation of invasive and roz-invaive carcir.o:aa arising in' intestir•al polyps. Clev. Clin. Quart. 19:62-67, 1952. `~ 17. * Yalignant polyps of the rectum and signoid: Therapy based on natholcgie cocsidcratlons. S.C. & 0. 94:619-623, 1952. 18. Hallgnant polyp of the rectum: Follov-ue obsertations on 27 patients. Post Graduate :xd.- 12:303-307, 1952. 19. * Fle=angiopericytor.ta: Special histologic and tissue culture atud:es. Ao. J. Path. 28:653-661, 1952. 20. * Thyuic neoplasms. J. of Thoracic Sutg. 24:58-69, 1952. 21. pat!:o:ogic char.ges following bilateral nephrectomy in dogs aad rats. J. of Lab. In•iest. 1:351-363, 1952. 22. * Y.ulclple xesot5eliai cysts of the peritoneum. Ae. J. of Surg, 84:320- 330, 1952. 23. The relation bctveen benign ulcer and carcino-a of the stomach. Gastrocntctology 22:103-111, 1952. . 24. The nephrotoxic action of spermine. Proe. Soc. Exper. Biol. 6 i:ed. • 80:452-454, 1952. ' 25. Siaultar.cous occurrence of thyroidltls and papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. Cancer 6:57-62, 1953. - 26. * Diffuse papillonatous polyps (villous tuyors) of the colon: Pathologic and clinical obscrvations. Am. J. Scrg. 85:146-151, 1953. . 27. & The destruction of cytoplasoie basophilia with nineral acids. Stain Tech. 28:9-12, 1953. . * Indicatcs senior or sole author. 95-077 0-82-26

ibliogrcphy - Edwin R. Fiaher, H.D. 2C. • The pathology of a pneumotropic virus latent in C-3-H mice carrying the Bittner milk factor. Arch. Path. 55:14-19, 1953. 29. A naturally occurring tumor of gray squirrels rclated to the Shope ' rabbit fibrona. Proc. Soc. Exp. Bio. & Hed. 82:298-301, 1953. 30. * Observations on thyroid colloid. Arch Path. 56:275-285, 1953. 31. Hetachromatic basophilia pf keratin after oxidation cleavage of disulfide bonds. J. Histochem. & Chtochco. 2:95-102, 1954. ~ 32. • Hature and staining reactions of the fibro:a cell inclusions of the Shope fibroma of rabbits. J. Nat'1. Cancer Institute 14:355-365, 1953. 33. Further observations on the role of bile in the pathogenesis of paoereatitis. Surg. Forum, Vol. 4:406-412, 1953. 34. The pathogenesis of fibroma in cottontail rabbits. An. .f. Hygicne 59: 104-112, 1954. 35. * Glomerular lipoidosis in dog kidney. A.a. J. Vct. Res. 15:285-2£6, 1954. 36.. * The effect of nethylation on basophilla. .I. Histochem. & Cytochem. 37. Eibliography - Edwin R. Fisher,H.D. 2:E1-87, 1954. . . •'Ihe pathology and pathogenesis of spernlne induced renal disease. Arch. Path. 57:244-254, 1954. - 38. Alkaline phosphatase and periodic acid-Schiff reaction in the pro::ice1 tubule of the vertcbratekidney: A study in se~-_cntal diffcrentiation. • Anat. Res. 120:1-21,"1954. . . 39. Tcphrotoxie action of spernine and related a=ines. Prec. XIX Internat. Physiol. Congress.~714-715, 1953. 40. The effect of increased hepatic blood flow upon liver reeeneraticn. Arch. Sutg. 69:263-272, 1954. 1 41. * Cytoplasnic liver cell Snclusions following arcerfalization in the dog: Their nature, significance and relation to other expericentally induced cytoplascic inclusions. Aa. J. Path. 30:987-1003, 1954. 42. • The occurrence of cytoplasnic liver cell inclusions following arteriali:ation in the dog. Fed..Proc. 13:428-429, 1954. " ' 43. Liver regeneration following cocplete arteriali:ation and increase in hepatic blood flow. Fed. Proc. 13:44, 1954. 44. * The differentiation of the Reed-Sternberg cell and megakeryocyte with 45. 46. apeeial reference 'to the perlodic acid-Schiff reaction. Lab. Icvves. 3: 261-269, 1954. . . *"Psuedoeuclnous" cytedenoma - A misnomer? 0bst & Cyn. 4:616-621, 1954. - * Hepatic lesions of acute herorrhagic pancreacitis: Their nature and pathogeaesis. Surg. 37:213-219, 1955. 47. * The practical value of histopathological classlfication of gastric carcinoma: an appraisal based on 100 consecutive cases. Cancer 8:389-395, 1955. 48. * L.fiipple's Disease: Report of ease apparently cured and discussion of the hictochemical features. Clev. Clin. Quart. 21:213-221, 1954. 49. * Co=bined Conorl methods for the demonstration of pancreatic alpha and beta cells. Am. J. Clin. Path. 24:1433-1434, 1954. . , - 50. * Satisfactory slide carriers for Stcnder and Coplin containers. Am. J. . Clin. Path. 24:1435-1436, 1954. 51. A The cytologic demonstration and significance of tuaor cells in the cesenteric venous blood in patients with colorectal carcinoma. S.C. & 0. 100:102-108, 1955. 52. e Ovarian cystomas: Clinlcopathologic observations. Cancer 8:437-445, 1955. 53. Effects of renin in rats treated with cethylasidrostenediol. Er,docrin. 56:541-546, 1955. • Indicates senior or sole author. 397 54. • Struna Lynphomatosa (1lashiooto) in the mal 55. * ihrocSotic thronbocytopenie purpura: Repor its tinctorial fcatures. Am. J. Clin. PatF 56. The severity of aortic arteriosclerosis ir study. Am. J. Hed. Sei. 230:385-391, 1955. 57. The sterilization and storage of lyoph111= 143:73-80, 1956. . 58. t hor-cpincphrine cells of the adrenal cedu: unilateral adrenalectomy in the rat. Proc. 140-142, 1955. - . 59. Further experimental observations on ani=c Surg. 38:181-193, 1955. - 60. Renal lesions of sulfonamide type follo-?ir (Dia..ox). J.A.H.A. 160-204-206, 1956. 61. * Daricr's disease of the larynx. A.M.A. 0t 62. * tlcuroblastomas of the nasal fossa. A.M.A. 63. *:`.ie cature of the periductal strona in gy' 275, 1956. . 6+. The hepatotoxic effeee of nitrogen austarc injections. Cancer 9:144-147, 1956. 55. * flstochemical observations on an alveolar to histoecnesis. Ati. J. Path. 32:721, 195E 66 Fate of autogenous skin tubes as aortic 8t 67. E:per:=entzl reconstruction of the aortic 1956. 65. * The effect of induced arteriosclerosis an hocografts in the rabbit. Surg. 40:529-5: E9. * Y.:1iEnant blue nevus. A.:4.A: Arch Derraatol 70. Sex differences in the spread of colorectc Ann. Surg. 143:284-286, 1956. - - 71. * Clot for=ation in the common duct an unusL '3. 'S. 76. hepatie carcinoma. A.M.A. Arch Surg. 73:: :he effect of hypothermia upon induced bac * T.,e nature of diffuse intra-arteriolar occ carcinoma. AM. J. Path. 32:1185-1203, 19` * Does the aortic hooograft develop arterioe study. Clev. Clin. Quart. 23:159-160, 19: * ParatSyrold cysts. Cancer 10:57-62. 1957. Postnatal change in the alkaline phospharr acid-Schiff reaction of the mouse kidney. * Extrama_ary Paget's disease. Amer. J. S~ Observations concerning vacuolation and d, of hepatic cells. J. Lab. Invest. 6:324-_ The effect of hypothernia upon induced ba_ Eiol. & 4ed. 93:510-512, 1956. :9. E 0. • Polyartcritis nodosa associated with rheu: Path. 27:191-204, 1957. Paper clectrophoresls of serum: methods . 60:972-976, 1957. - " cl. 4 Some practical applications of histoehemi: 1957. Iadicacce senior or sole author.

397 Bibliogcaphy - Edvin R. Fishcr,:H.D. 54. * Struaa Lynphonatosa (Flashlnoto) in the malc. Am. J. Surg. 91:60-65, 1956. 55. 56. * Throebotic throebocytopenic purpura: Report of a case vith discussion of its tlnetorial features. Am. J. Clln. Path. 25:620-628, 1955. The severity of aortie arteriosclerosis in certain discascs:.A necropsy 57. study. Am. J. Hcd. Sci. 230:385-391, 1955. The sterilization and storage of lyophilized blood vessels. 'Ann. Surg. 58. 59. 143:73-60, 1956. * t7or-cpinephrine cells of the adrenal t:edulla folloving hypocher=la and unilateral adrenalectoay in the rat. Proc.Soc.E.-p,er. Biol. 6:!ed. 89: 140-142, 1955. . Further e:cperinental observations on anfmals with arterialized livers. Sur6. 38:181-193, 1955. 60. Renal lesions of sulfonaside type follo•=ng administration of acetazolranion 61. (DSa=x). J.A.H.A. 160-204-206, 1956. * Daricr's disease of the larynx. A.M.A. Otolar}ag. 62:438-441, 1955. 62. * tlcuroblasto:cas of the nasal fossa. A.tt.A. Arch. Path. 60:435-439, 1955. ' 63. *:ne nature of the periductal stroea in gyneco_astia. Lab. Invest. 5:267- 275, 1956. 64. The hepatotoxie effect of nitrogen nustard follo.ing direct intraportal injections. Cancer 9:144-147, 1956. 65. * Iiistochenical observations on an alveolar soft part sarco=a vith reference i h 32 72 1956 L 66. J. Pat . : . stoecncsis. U 1, to h Fate of autogenous ckio tubes as aortic grafts. S.C. 6 0 102:?09-314, 1956. 67. E-.peri.^..entzl reconstruction of the aortic bifurcation. Surg. 39:940-949, 1956. 66. * The effect of induced arteriosclerosis on fresh lyophilized aortic hocografts in the rabbit. Surg. 40:529-532, 1956. 69. * Xalignant blue nevus. A.N.A. Arch Dernatol. 74:227-231, 1956. 70. Sex differences in the spread of colorectal and veslcle carcinoras. Ann. Surg. 143:284-286, 1956. 71. * Clot formation in the common duet an unusual coWplication of primary - hepatlc carcinoma. A.DI.A. Arch Surg. 73:261-265, 1956. 72. The effect of hypothe nia upon induced bactereeia. Fed. Proc. 15:514, 1956. 73. * The nature of diffuse intra-arceriolar occlusion in patients-ith carcinoma. Ari. J. Path. 32:1185-1203. 1956. 74. * Does the aortic hooograft develop arteriosclerosis? study. Clev. Clin. Quart. 23:159-160, 1956. An e.reri=ental 75. * Parat::yroid cysts. Cancer 10:57-62. 1957. 76. Postnatal char.ge in the al}:aline phosphatase activity and the periodic ul acid-Schiff reaction of che mouse kidney. Q.J. ?1c. Sci. 97:187-195, 1956. 77. * Ezcrana-ary Paget's disease. A.:.er. J. Surg. 94:493-498, 1957. 78. Observatlons concerning vacuolation and deposition of 8lycogen in nuclei of hepatie cells. J. Lab. Invest. 6:324-333, 1957. 79. The effect of hypothernia upon induced bacterenia. Biol & :Sed 93:510-512 1956 Proc. Soc. Exper. 80. . . , . • Polyarterltis nodosa associated with rheumatoid arthritis. 4 A.4. J. CISn. 81. Path. 27:191-20 , 1957. Paper clectrophoresis of serum: methods and application. Penn. `fed. J. 60:972-976 1957 , . 82. * Soee practical applications of histochcaistry. Penn. Ned. J. 60:1467-1472, 1957. * Indieatcs senior or solc author.

398 8ibliogrpahy - Edwin R. Fisher, H.D. 83 * Hcningcal hcmangiopcricytoma. Arch. Ncurol. 6 Psychiat. 79:40-45, 1957. . 84. * Stressar effece of hypothermla in the rat. Am. J. Physiol. 188:470-472, 1957. e l 85. ro ogy * Multiple endocrine tumoYs and peptic ulcer. Castroent 1957. 32:1075-1094 • - 86. , Bronchiolar em?hysema (so-called ouscular cir:hosis of the . lungs). Amer. J. Path. 33:1137-1162, 1957. . 87. A histochemical basis for changes in renal tubular function in young niee. Extrait des Conptes Rendus le 1'ssociation des Anatomistes (73.II) Reunion Paris, 25-30 Jiullet, 1955). 88 * Transitional cell eareinor_a of the urachal apex. Cancer 11:245-249, 1958. . 89. * Alteration of renal succinic dehydrosenase in nephrotoxic setva ncphrosis. Fed. Prox. 16:356, 1957. 90. * Pa[hologie and histochenical observations in ea-periacntal hypother_Sa. . Arch. Surg. 75:817-827, 1957. - 91. * HistocLemical observations concerning se=e renal enz}nes in nephrotoxie nephrosls in the rat. Arch. Path. 64:664- 672, 1957 . 92.-. * Pathologic observations concerning the kid ney in pr ogressive systemic sclerosis (P.S.S.). 'Arch. Path. 65:29-39, 1958. 93.. Forced horizontal conjugate gaze in ean. J. Cexp. tieurol. 110:257-269, 1959. 94. HettibalLisnus secondary to ceoastatie carcinoma of gallbladder. :"eurol. 7:873-874, 1957. 95. Epidermal cyst in bone. Cancer 11:643-648, 1958. 48 959 96. * Post inflammatory tunor (xanthcna) of lung. Dis. of Chcst , 1 36:43- . 97. Observations concerning bacterial defense cechanic~s during Y.ypocher-ia. Surg. 43:E07-S14, 1958. 98. Progressive dystrophic external opthalr-oplegia foll o:ring trauma. 99. A.M.A. Arch. Ochthal. 60:422-426, 1958. * Effect of nephrosis an renal Q02 and hiscochemical appearance of ->uccinic dehydrogenases and cytochrome oxidase. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. 6'.'ed. 97:448-452, 1958. 100. * Aninonucleoside nephrosis in rats. A.M.A. Arch. Path. 65:545-553, 1958. 101. Successful skin hooografts in pyridor.ine-deficicnc rats. Fed. Prod. 17:469, 1958. 102. * Effect of renal hypertension on cholesterol atherosclerosis in tLe rabbit I, Histopathologie and biocher-ical studies. Lab. Invest. 7:231-247, 1958. . 103. * Effect of renal hypertension on cholesterol atherosclerosis in the rabbit. II. Electrophoretic studies. Lab. Ir.vest. 7:515-523, 1958. 104. Sodium diacetrizoate (hypaque sodium) in cerebral angiography. 105. Univ. Hich. :1ed. Bull. 24:7-12, 1958. * Anaaalous reduplication of the circle of ilillis. J. aeuro-surg. , 1 6 9 9 16:331-33 5 . ' 106. * Pathogencsis of panereatitis. 9:1253-1255, 1958. Aa. Practitioner and Digest of Treatment 107. * Cytonegalie inclusion disease in the adult. :Eev Eag. J. Hed. 258: 1036-1040, 1958. 108. Observations on the treatnent of brain abscess by direct instillation of never antibiotics. Univ. of Mich. l;ed. Bull. 24:61-65, 1958. * Indieates senior or sole author. 39f Bibliography - Edwin R. Fisher, M.D. 109. Effect of pyridoxine deficicncy upon skin 127:1388-1389, 1958. 110. * Identification of the anatomical defect f (PXE). Am. J. Path. 35:977-991, 1958. 111. * Pathologic findings in a case of panhypop insipidus: con..encs relative to hypothal orgaa" interrelationships. A.M.A. Arch. 112. * Perianal rhabdor:yosarcoWa. A.M.A. Arch. 113. * Thl--oea and hecopoietie insufficiency. A 95-104, 1959. 114. * l:yocarditis with endocardlal elastonyofib 56:537-552, 1958. 115. * Observations concerning the pathogenesis in the adult heart. Am. Heart J. 56:553- 116. Renal lesions of aminoaucleoside nephrosi _ aicroscopy. Lab. Investigation 8:371-385 117. * Laboratory and clinical differentiation o and nephrosclerosis. Am. J. Ned. Sci. 23 118. * Ossifying utastatie eareino=a: Report oo to histobenesis of ectopic ossification. 119. The favorable effect of pyridoxir.c defici survival. Sur,~ery. 44:49-167, 1958. 120. Thronbotlc thrombocytopenie purpura (TTP) intestinal hecorrhage. Castroenterology 121. * Differentiation of neoplastic lesions ehc intraepiderral (Pagetoid) cells. A.M.A. . 122. Reticulum cell sarcona of brain (microgli Psychiat. 81:591-598, 1959. - 123. * Expcrinencalstudies of factors influenci of number of tumor cells injected and tir_ 124. Experinental studies of factors influcnci of partial hepatectony. Cancer. 12:927-9 125. Benign retroperitoneal mesenchymoea (Hana 126. * The membranous and proliferative glomerul Am. J. Clin. Path. 32:48-55, 1959. 127. * Histoplasmosis as a cause of solitary pul Pennsylvania. Penn. }t. J. 62:197-200, 19 128. Papillary adenoca of anpulla of Vater. A 1959. 129. Experinental studies of factors influenci Effect of surgical trauma with special re Am. Surg. 150:731-744, 1959. 130. A histochemical evaluation of heterotopic calcification in the experimentally infar Arch. Path. 69:82-92, 1960. . 131. * Investigation of rejection of canine rena fluorescent antibody technic. Proc. Soe. 259-261, 1959. t Indicates senior or sole author.