Tobacco Documents Online

I. Puff Count L It is generally accepted that at least about 8 puffs are needed for a commercially acceptable cigarette. Resnik is silent as to how to relate circumference (C) to number of puffs (n). Howeuer, Resu~ik'm Fig%Lre 1 relates SBRd (static burn rate distance in mm/min) to puff count, and Resnik's Fig. 8 relates SBRd to C. Following Resnik's linear relationship shown on Fig. 8., and likewise making a linear extrapolation from that~ ¢ figure as the Geneva Cour~ did from Fig. 9, then Fig. 8 {~¢~ " " ""t "~L extrapolates to SBRd = 7.6 at 15 mm circumference and SBRd = r • at 17 mm circumference. Plotting those points against j / extrapolated puff count from Resnik's Fig. 1 gives n - 6.25 a~ ~ .~ ~ C = 15 mm and n = 6.73 at C = 17 mm. These predicted values" ~O>~ are too low for commercially acceptable cigarettes, and are fa~_~~v~ . ~,.~,,~~ below actual values obtained following the Luke invention: ~ /~ [ t".' 6.25 vs. 8.2 actual puffs for 15 mm circumference and 6.73, J//~ puffs vs. 13.8 actual puffs for 17 mm circumference. /#~w~ (I._. }L Thus, Resnik's "predictions" as to puff count teach away from the Luke invention and demonstrate that Luke's high puff count is unexpected. At the same time, this extrapolation .......... ££8 S00 t BATCo document for Legal Services • Health Canada 20 May 1999

\ from Resnik's teachings demonstrates that even if a person skilled in the art made the extrapolation from Figure 9, he would not be!ieve such an extrapolation to be of any value. 2. Total Tobacco Weight Another aspect of the Luke invention is increased efficiency of tobacco utilization. Total tobacco burned may be calculated a number of ways. One is nWp + (n-l) SBRm x time between puffs. Where Wp = weight burned per puff - 2 - O O ~n tn Po t~ ~D BATCo document for Legal Services • Health Canada 20 May 1999

\ Assuming n - 8, then n - i - 7. We further assume that the time between puffs is about 1 minute (smoking machine 2 sec. puff, 58 sec. pause) and $BR= is at the minimum ~/ smolder of 60 mg/min.--~.~.... ~ ~co-- ~ For Wp, Yamamoto et. al., =Effect of Cigarette Circumference or Weight Loss During Puffs and Total Delivery of Tar and Nicotine', Beitraqe zur Tabakforschunq International, Vol. 12. No. 5, Nov. 1984, pp. 259-269, states that We is proportional to radius "r" [5]. From Yamamoto's Table 4, Wp for C - 25 is about 26 mg (average of Virginia and American blends). Table 5 adjusts for ash content to get total weight ~ , loss after the ash is discarded, for n puffs: ~ where A ash content, about. 5 haverag. for W, for 15 mm is then expected to be about W,.s - W,:~ x ri__%5 - 15.6 r25 and nW~,s/(1-A) - 8(15.6)/(i-0.1,5) - 145 mg and (n-I)SBR. - 7(60) . 420 or a total of 566 mg tobacco burned. Allowing for a 10% butt (I0 mm of 100 mm for Ex. A & B), total tobacco is 566/.9 - ~29 mg/ Thus, Yamamoto predicts ! about 629 mg of tobacco is needed for 8 puffs at a - 3 - (0243B) CD t.n CD BATCo document for Legal Services • Health Canada 20 May 1999

\ circumference of 15 mm. In fact, Ex. A of the invention at 15 mm got 8.2 puffs, with only about half the total tobacco weight, or 325 mg. This proves the invention's unexpected two times greater efficiency of tobacco utilization, as set forth in claim 16 of Re. 32,615. 4. Taste/Tar ~~ Another of the unexpected results of our invention is that with half the tobacco (Ex. A versus Ex. Orthodox), sufficient tar is delivered in the mainstream smoke (T~) for acceptable taste. Yamamoto states that T, is proportional to rz. Applying that ratio to the data in Re. 32,615 for Ex. A and Ex. orthodox, T, for 15 mm would be expected to be: = (Cz~ICzs) - 14.5 (15"/25z) - 5.22 In fact, example A delivere~ nearly twice as much, proving again the unexpected nature of our invention as claimed. ~~ ~-~ - 4 - (0243B) CD CD t31 tJ~ t~ BATCo document for Legal Services • Health Canada 20 May 1999

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° UK Patent Application 1211 Al~IC~On No 86122.35 ~22) O~e cd I;n9 20 M4y 1986 (301 Pwio.ly data {31) 8513233 {32J 24 May 1986 {33! G8 L711.44~P~m~ Sri;ish-AmedCSn To~I¢co Con~or~ Umltod (Unltld K;ngdomi. WesUnk~star Harm,, 7 MUIbank~ London SW1 P 3JE 172} k.p,.~ or Jo~n Anthony Luke |74; Aglmt imdlm' Addroml for SMvlce K, J. )4. Me,earn. BAT |UK and E~portp Urrdted. Preterits Section. Rems't:~ & DeveJoprnlnt Con/r11. Ralgents PMk ROid. Sour.hamptoa SOS 1PE (51) INT C1.' ,,,, 2 175 A (43) A~auo~ ~s~ed 10 Dec lgRfi A24o 1/9o (621 Dm~ullc ~ss~.e~n IEd~Jon HI: *'12C 28 (6B) D.)cumm~ts cited i~ione A2C SoJecte~ US We.';ficstk)ns ~ IPC svb-class A2,iO !S4) Improvemm~ts relating to smoking ;articles (sT) A ci~)~ette comp~ses 8 tobacco rod of tobacco filler wrapped in a paper wrapper, the ¢i~cum(eret~ce of the rod being within a range of 10 mm to 19 rnm 8nd the free burn rale of the rod being withi, a r;.,.F," of 25 to 45 mg rain '. The cigarette may comprise considerably less tobacco ~ a ¢~garatte of ortl:u(l~,x circurn|erence yet yield an equal or greater number of puffs. U...; i,o -,.j Ol O J 'C..C~ O G (.~ BATCo document for Legal Services • Health Canada 20 May 1999

III 2175789 / 2 3 0 0 r~ j~ BATCo document for Legal Services • Health Canada 20 May 1999

GB2 175789A 1 SPECIFICATION Improvement= relating to smoking m'rJc[es 5 This invention relates to cigarettes end like smoking ertides. 5 It is a requisite of cigarettes of commercially Imcaptabia quality that when lit but not being s~z~oked, the coal continues to burn. at a slow rate, a condition usually refened to as smoulder- ing. A number of cigarette design parameters affect the arnoLdder rate. otherwise known as the has or static burn rate. One of these is the air permeability of the cigarette paper; the lower the tU a=r permeabiUty, the lower Is the =shoulder rata. Anod~r factor re~ting to smoulder rata is the 10 amount of tobacco which is consumed in unit time. It has previously been thought that for an acceptable linear ¢moulder rata. a minimum amount of about 60 mg of tobacco had to be consumed per minute in order to assure the maintenance in the coal of enough heat to sustain th~ coal in Lts smouldering condition. This factor has heretofore been seen to make it necessary I!~ I()r a cigarette rod of the usual circular cross section to have s circumference of at Least about 15 22 mm il tl~e cig0rette was to smoulder in e reliable manner. The present invention provides a cigarette comprising a tobacco rod which rod comprises a tobacco filler and a paper wrapper, the circumference of said rod being within s range of 10 mm • - io 19 ms, preferably 12.5 mm to 19 ms. and the free burn rate of said rod being within 8 "~(} r:,nge of 25 to 50 mg sin". preferably being within a range of 25 to 45 mg sin-', end more 20 j.elerab~y within a range of 30 to 45 mg sin-to The present invention is based on our finding that in point of fact cigarettes having circumfar- ,,.cos of 19 mm or less and free burn rates of 45-50 mg sin i or less smoulder in e fully a-ceptabie manner and that in addition such cigarettes exhibit a number of sigruficant practical 2!; advantages. 25 There is no necessity in order to provide cigarettes according to the present invention which s.Pou)dor reliably between pulls re make compensatory adjustments to the cigarette paper air i,,~fmeobility value or to provide the cigarette paper with unorthodox levels of burn rate promot- i~ql addJlives, or Jn fact to make compensateW sdjustn'mnta in regard to any olher parameters 3t) which affect smoulder rate. 30 The packing density o! the rod may be within a range of 150 mg cm = to 350 mg cm =. and preferably within a range of 200 mg cm = to 300 mg cm ~. Cigarettes according to the present invention utilise tobacco with increased efficiency. Thus a cigarette may be provided according to the present invention which, compared with a cigarette ~5 ol orthodox dimensions, having, for exampie, a circumference of 2,5 ms, comprises considerably 35 I.ss touacco. 25% less for example, and yet which provides an equal at least number of pulls. The actual number of pulls, w~l, of course, by dependent inter alia upon the iangttl of the cz.qarette tobacco rod. For unit ~eng(h of tobacco rod, the reduction in the cigarette paper requirement is, leaving the '~t') to.qitudinal lap seam out of account, directly proportional to rod diameter recluc~ion, whereas the 40 =aductmn in tobacco requirements is. assuming constant pecking density, in proportion to the ratio of the squares of the diameters. Thus in unit length of a cigarette accordLng to the present ~nvention the ratio of mass of cigarette paper to mass of tobacco is higher than that for a c:kF-~retto of conventional circumference at equal packing den~tiae. Thus in cigarettes according • 1!; to the present invention, exceptionally firm ash formations are obtainable. 45 In that cigarettes may be provided according to the present invention which contains loss tobacco than orthodox cigarettes at equal puff numbers, cigarettes according to the present invention exhibit lower smoke component mainstream and sidestream deliveries. l; has been observed in companng cigarettes according to the present invention with orthodox ~.~(J ci~10rettes of at the same number of cuts per inch. that the cigarettes according to the present bO inverJtion are ul firmer fee[ than the orthodox cigarettes, in other words, the same filler in the h~vontiva ogarattes apparently has a higher filling power than when it is incorporated in orthodox ,:.l;iroit0s. It is surmised that this phenomenon may dodve from the increase in the retie of the re, tun particle size of the filler to the cross-sectional area of the tobacco rod. It does mean f,!J dmugh It,at for equal filling power values, a reduction in tobacco weight may be made over and 55 ub¢)vo Ihat resulting directly from the reduction in tobacco rod cross-sectional area. Preferably. cigarettes according to the present invention are such as to provide 5 to 15 puffs. and mole preferably 5 to 10 puffs, when smoked under standard machine smoking conditions. ie at 35 cc puffs of 2 seconds duration at I minute intervals. I;O The tobacco filler may comprise expanded tobacco, reconstituted tobacco or substitute smok- 60 incj matorials. The tobacco rods of cigarettes according to the present invention may be at a truss-section other than round. They may, for example, be of elliptical or rectilinear cross- S (."¢: | ion. If cigarettes according to the present Invention are fitted with filters and the filters ere of the I~!:, sumo transverse dimensions as the tobacco rods, there will be a saving in filter material 65 O O Lrl U'I r~ j~ c~ BATCo document for Legal Services • Health Canada 20 May 1999

2 • ° GB2 175 789A ;J requbemente compared with those of orthodox Fd(er tipped cigarettes. It may be obsa~ved in rolauon to the conventional form of filter comprising cellulose acetate, that s red~tion in cei~losa acetate tow ut~Jsetion can be affected without there necessarily being a ci'~nge in presstur-, drop in go~ng from orthodox fgter circumferences to circumferences appropriate for R filters for attachment to cigarettes according to the present invention. ', For constant pressure drops and for unit length of tilter the tow requirement is, in loot. reduced by an amount ~ excess of that suggested by the ratio of the areas of conventicn~ a,.I inventive cigarette. By usa of the present invention significant reductions in packaging material requkemems I~J+ 10 unit cigarette may be reailaed. I,, A cigarette ~n accordance with the present invention is shown in the accompanying dia~jru, n- rnatic drawing and is generally des~gnamd by reference numeral 1. The cigarette 1 comprises cigarette paper 2 wrapped about • cut tobacco Idler, to provide a tobacco rod, an end portion of which fi~er is referenced 3. Cigarette 1 further comprises a tipping wrapper 4 which serves to 15 maintain o filter, of ce~ulosa acetate tow for example, in abutment with the end of the tobacco 15 ~er remote end 3 thereoL The overall ~ength of cigarette 1 is 120 mm and the diamter is 5 mm. Cigarettes in accordance with the invention were made having tobacco rod lengths of 100 mm to which were attached 20 mm long filters. These cigarettes were made in two circumferences. 2.0 15 ram and 17 ram. the cigarettes being designated A and B respectively. Under standard 2U smoking condition=, measurements were made of the feral delLveries of mainstream smoke particulate matter, on a water and nicotine free basis, and of total nicotine alkaloids. By way of comparison° similar measurements were made for an orthodox commercially marketed ckjarelto of 25 mm circurnlerence and having tobacco rod and liller lengths of 64 mm and 20 mm 25 respectively. The results are as shown in the table below. 7!J 3O 35 4O PUWNF (mg) TNA (=g) PUFF NUMBEE TOBACCO WEIGHT (mE) 9.6 0.81 8.2 325 B 16.0 ,1.34 13.8 650 ORTHODOX 14.5 1.26 9.3 884 3t) The fable clearly indicates the eflectiveness of the present invention in utiiising tobacco at a. increased level of efficiency. Tobacco filters used in cigarettes according to the present invention may be of conventional 45 cuts per inch or above or below the conventional range. ". :=I=, 4!, CLAIMS 1. A cigarette comprising s tobacco rod which rod comprises a tobacco tiger and a paper wrapper, the circumference of sa~d rod being within a range of 10 turn to 19 mm and the [fee 50 burn ram of said rod being within a range of 25 to 50 mg rain-'. 5() 2. A cigarette as ciakned in Claim 1, wherein said circumference is within i range of 12.5 mtn to 19 ram. 3. A cigarette as da~'ned in CLaim I or 2, wherein said free burn rate is within a range of 3U to 45 mg min-t 55 4. A cigarette as claimed in Claim 1. 2 or 3. wherein the pecking density of said tobacco 5!, filler is within a range of 150 mg ¢m"= to 350 mg crn =. S. A cigarette as deemed in Claim 4. wherein the packing density of said tobacco rigor is within a range of 200 mg ¢m"= to 300 mg crn =, 6. A cigarette as claimed in any one of the pceceding claims and further comprising a filter u[ 60 the same transverse dimensions as said rod. r ,, 7. A cigarette as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, the tobacco fglar of said rod thereof comprising at least 25 par cent less tobacco than that of an equal length rod of a control cigarette at 25 mm circumference, the number of puffs provided by said cigarelte bei.U _. + ......... i ...+ ...... , ... # _ st. . - , ~ , ., + .. .. =,,.,= (::) C~ Crl (j'l L,,J [,,o .....U BATCo document for Legal Services • Health Canada 20 May 1999