Tobacco Documents Online

Argues theory that lower T/N ratios of low yield cigarettes insure a lower tar intake even if smokers smoke the cigarette in such a way to obtain more nicotine. Includes data.

Describes study to evaluate the accuracy of the DELIVER Version 3 computer program designed to predict total and puff-by-puff cigarette deliveries under both machine- and human-smoked conditions. Concludes that Version 3 has improved Reference Prediction but not Pure Prediction or prediction of human deliveries, and therefore would not serve as a tool for human smoking studies.

Reports on results of in vivo air dilution tests on Kool Ultra Lights which use the same Actron filter as Barclay cigarettes. Notes that previous test on Barclay indicated that the Actron filter produces "dramatic" reduction in air dilution when smoked by humans versus FTC machines, resulting in skewed delivery readings. Finds that Kool Ultra Lights produce similar results. Includes data and study questionnaire.

Describes two large-scale studies of human smoke intake using smoked low and ultra-low tar cigarette butts to determine nicotine deposition. Compares tar intake for Barclay and Cambridge brands. Finds that more nicotine is retained on Barclay filters when smoked by humans than when smoked by machines. Opines that discrepancy is due to larger and more frequent puffs rather than lip occlusion. Includes data.

Presents research "to determine differences in puff-by-puff 'tar' and nicotine deliveries among commercial brands of similar FTC 'tar' (per cigarette) deliveries." Identifies cigarette parameters that influence puff-by-puff deliveries: tobacco moisture, tobacco weight, tobacco nicotine, cigarette paper, air dilution and filtration levels, casing levels, and circumference. Finds that Philip Morris brands showed lower puff-by-puff nicotine deliveries than RJR competitive brands "in spite of their generally lower tobacco weights and moistures which are expected to result in higher puff-by-puff deliveries." Concludes that cigarettes with similar FTC tar deliveries can vary substantially in puff-by-puff deliveries. Includes data.

Attaches data illustrating that change in filter efficiency with change in smoking parameters affects prediction of nicotine delivery from filter nicotine measurements. Notes observations that smoking patterns differ by age and gender, and deducts that "the average nicotine filter efficiency differs among demographic groups." Concludes that nicotine delivery, therefore, cannot be estimated from filter nicotine data unless smoking parameters are also measured.

Reports on perceptions of, attitudes toward, and usage of full priced 1 mg tar cigarette brands among smokers of ultra low tar and 1 mg brands. Indicates that research was conducted to support launch of True Micro Lights. Assesses response to True Micro Lights advertising, packaging, and cigarettes. Finds that most low tar smokers were not aware of the tar level of their brands; 1 mg tar smokers acclimated to smoking low tar after a period of adjustment; half of the ultra low tar smokers tried Carlton and reacted with "no taste, no satisfaction." Reports on favorable response to True Micro Lights cigarettes, and predicts ability of brand to compete with other 1 mg tar brands and attract smokers of ultra low tar brands.

Lists issues raised at "1 mg tar meeting" including how much nicotine is needed to make satisfying ULTs, "is compensation real?", and "assumption: nicotine is reason why people smoke cigarettes."

Reports on study to determine percentage of dilution holes covered by smokers when smoking, and effect on dilution levels. Finds that as the percentage of blocked holes increased, dilution levels decreased and tar deliveries increased. References previous study by Kozlowski et al. questioning effectiveness of ventilated filters in reducing tar levels. Includes data.

Describes method for determining insertion depth of smoked, ventilated cigarettes. Compares results from new method with those from 1974 methods, indicating similar findings. Concludes that "depending on the position of the ventilation zones in different brands, preliminary results show that 20-50% of smokers could reduce more or less the degree of ventilation."