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~' ST(7R!'i-c~fN'o ~ --------------- --- ~ M. Murray Y. Genoud / A. Zwahlen April 13th~, 1987 W AN' / ~ f l~ IV I~~ ~ Effect of puff volume variations on DPMi and'nicotine deliveries of Prototy e 84P and Philip Morris Ultra Light Objective To measure the effect of puff volume on nicotine and DPM delivery of the experimental cigarette 84P. L Introduction ~%- same extract. In, order to investigate the influence of puff volume on smoke yields (1), a syringe with variable volume (0-90 ml), was installed on a Borgwaldt RM20 smoking machine. Among, the Coresta standard parameters, 2 are kept constant : puff duration (2 seconds ) and interva l between, puf f s (1i mi,nute ). Smoking profile was obtained by using the Borgwald't R225.0'0 puff-by-puff device. Two cigarettes were chosen for this study : one was a conventional commercial cigarette (,Philip Morris Ultra Light, PMU), the other one was an experimental cigarette from project PPPP (prototype 84P) which gives a quite flat smoking profile for DPM, und'er standard smoking! O conditions. Puff-by-puff analysis are made for DPM, by N spectrophotometric measurement of a methanol extract of ~ Cambridge filter and for nicotine by GC2 analysis of the N W

l ) Experimental 1. Cigarettes - Philip Morris Ultra Light - Prototype cigarette 84P from project PPPP. This prototype is considered as the best prototype of the project PPPP. 2. Smoking parameters and equipment - 4 different puff volumes are used~ : 35, 50, 75 and 90 ml. - puff duration : 2 seconds - interval between 2' puffs : 1 minute - 10 cigarettes smoked per analysis A 20-channel Borgwaldt RM20 smoking machine, equipped with a syringe for puff volume from 0 to 90 ml and with the Borgwaldt R25.00 puff-by-puff system, was used for the study. For the analysis, a Hewlett-Packard 5880A gas chromatograph and a Beckmann UV-visible spectrophotometer was used. 3. Analytical methods (2) 3.1. DPM analysis Each uff of the 10, ci arettes w d as t ra p g ppe on an ~ individual Cambridge filter, the filter was therc extracted by 25 ml of methanol (containing anethol as internal standard). The extract was filtered and

the absorbance was measured at 450 nm. The DPM value was read from a calibration curve (DPM / absorbance). 3.2. Nicotine analysis The methanol extract was analyzed by GC2 by usi_ng anethol as internal standard. GC conditions: Columni : 30 m x 01,2 mm ID, phase DB5 Carrier gas Oven temperature Injection temperature : Helium 01,5 kg/cm2 : 150°C isotherm. : 250°C Detector : FID 250°C The analyses have been repeated 2 to 4 times depending on the reprod'ucibility of the results. Results and' Comments ~ - Table 1'I gives total DPM and nicotine values for 84P and PMU and'for each pu~ff volume and indicates the number of puffs. These values are shown inifigures la and 2'a. For both cigarettes the increases of DPM and nicotine deliveries are directly proportionnal to the increase of puff volume, and this in spite of a decrease of the puff count from 9 to 7 for the PMU'and from 9 to 8 for the 84P. The correlation is clearly shown on figures lb and 2b. - Figure 3 shows on the same graph:the DPM profile at the 4 various puff volumes for PMU. Figure 4 shows the nicotine profile for PMU and figures 5 and 6a the corresponding parameters for cigarette 84P.

Profiles obtained with the PMU are as expected'.for a normally constructed cigarette. For cigarette 84:P a flat profile is obtained only at 35 ml and an upslope is observed at higher volumes, however, these slopes are less pronounced than for PMU. A strong decrease of nicotine value is obtained at 75 ml at the 5th puff. This decrease is still observed, but earlier at the 3rd puff where the puff volume is 90 ml. Figure 6b shows an example of the reproducibility of this~enomena. - Figures 7 to 14 present for each puff volume the comparison between the smoking profiles of the 2 cigarettes, either for DPM (figures 7 to 10), or for nicotine (figures 11 to 14). - Figures 15 to 22 show for each puff volume the values of DPM and nicotine on the same graph. Generally, there is a good~correlation between DPM and nicotine deliveries. The variations observed for cigarette 84P at 75 and M ml are due to the special design of the filter. Conclusion The study shows that, in the range of puff volumes expected for normal smoker behaviour, the deliveries in DPK and nicotine are directly proportional to the puff volume. In the case of a conventional commercial cigarette, like PMU,, we can observe a good correlation between DPM and nicotine deliveries, and the profiles are quite similar at each puff volume. For the experimental cigarette 84P, designed to give a flat DPM profile, we confirm this flat profile only under the standard conditions i.e. 35 ml puff volume. When the smoking approaches human smoking conditions, the profiles show an increased DPM delivery. On later pu~ffs the effect is however less pronounced than for the conventional cigarette.

The decreased nicotine yields of the experimental cigarette for 3rd or 4th puff at higher puff volumes niay correlate with the subjective observation of decreased impact. The cause for this effect is not clear but may be due to; a complex series of events irn the hollow fibre used in the filters of this prototype. A. Zwahlen (), I L~~Q~ ~.

References (1) Fumages Humainis pour le projet Magic - Zwahleni-A. „ June 11, 11985. (12) Human Smoking Study - Genoud-Y., Coinchon-J., September 14, 1983.

APPENDIX Table 1 : DPM, nicotine and puff count for total smoking Figures lia & lb : DPM versus puff volu:ne (PhiU + 84IP) Figures 21 & 2b : Nicotine versus puff volume (PMU + 84P)' Figure 3 : DPM versus puff volume - PMU Figure 4! : Nicotine versus puff volume - PMU Figure 5 : DPM versus puff volume - 84P Figures 6a & 6b : Nicotine versus puff volume - 84P Figure 7 : DPM at puff volume = 35ml - PMU + 84P Figure 8 : DPM at puff volume = 50m1 - PMU + 84P Figure 9 : DPM at puff volume = 75m1 - PMU + 84P Figure 10 : DPM at puff volume = 90m1 - PMU + 84P Figure 11 : Nicotine at puff volume = 3'5m1 - PMU + 84P Figure 12. : Nicotine at puff volume = 50m1 - PMU + 84P Figure 13 : Nicotine at puff volume - 75m1 - PMU + 84P Figure 14 : Nicotine at puff volume - 90m1 - PMU + 84P Figure 15 : DPM and Nicotine at puff volume 35m1 - PMU. Figure 16: : DPM and Nicotine at puff volume 50m1 - PM'U. } Figure 17 : DPM and Nicotine at puff volume 75m1 - PMU Figure 18' : DPM and Nicotine at puff volume 90m1 - PMU. Figure 19 : DPM and Nicotine at puff volume 35m1 - 84P Figure 20 : DPM and Nicotine at puff volume 50ml - 84P Figure 21 : DPM and Nicotine at puff volume 75ml - 84P Figure 22' : DPM and Nicotine at puff volume 90zn1 - 84P

TABLE 1: DPM, Nicotine and Puff Count for Total Smoking PMU Puff volume ml 35 5 0: 75 90 Puff volume ml 35 50 75 90 DPM, mg Nicotine mg, Puff count 2,08 0,34 9. 3,19 0,47 8'. 4,93 0,65 7' 5, 96 , 0,84 7, 84P DPM Nicotine Puff mg mg count 1,97 0,41 9 2,70 0,48 8 4.,58 0,73 8 5 „36 0,84 ' 8

FIGURE 1 a DPM versus PUFF VOLUME 84P 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 puff volume (ml) Z4bGz9l4zoz

FIGURE 1 b DPM versus PUFF VDLUME 30 4 0 5C. D u`f v o ;~~;me ( m:) 70 s4bsz%zoz