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(') JUL 1S 19,74 1 KTER-OFF 1 CE CORRESPOKDEKCE. F: li RES ~;ts_G RI'CMMOfO, ritais~a ;.. __..._..___ . . . ._._._. 4 . _..------ ••-•- l .' .~ . • . RI:CL•'IVRI? PHILIP NORRPS U. S. A.• Dr. T. S, Osdene ' oata: July 17, 1974 R. D.. Carpenter . Visit to'Batteile Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Richland; Nashington, July 3_,_1974. . Dr. Ray Palmer took me on a tour of the Battelle .. Biological Division. 'We started the day with a 15-mile drive into the Hanford Reservation, where they have their smoking dogs located. When they started the project over ~- 10 years ago they needed a source of short-lived reactor by-products, so the lab was located near the cooling-water discharge line from a reactor. The reactor is now shut down and they are testing radon daughter activity. as well as the cigaret smoke. The dog inhalation•laboratory is equipped so that 18 dogs are exposed at a time. Two technicians handle 9• dogs each. The dogs seldom showed any signs of discomfort, and some even seemed to enjoy the smoke. If the doggs did exhibit distress the operator adjusted the smoking mask •=0 so that the smoke was slightly diluted with air. Each dog is given smoke twice daily, for 7 days a week. The Battelle people all feel very strongly that animals must be exposed for 7 days/week if the test is to be meaningful. The dogs smoke for 1 hour in the mornin* and 1 hour in the afternoon. .~y•.:, :. They did not seem to cough during the smoking period, but some of them did. cough after their smoking was over. Dr. Palmer said that they are showing definite signs of emphysema. I did not ask hou long they had been smoking. . • • . . ; The smoking mask has been described in the literature..`: Each dog takes his own puff of smoke when his air tube is closea by a soleno•id opeaated by a stepping switch. They inhale through the motn h and exha~le thzough t~i~ nose. Dr. Palmer said they had done deposition studies with C-dotriacontane on . several dogs. About S0i of the activity in the main st4am smoke was found in the lungs on immedia,te sacrifice. He felt that this showed the inhalation procedure to be effective• Another group of dogs is being exposed to radon . daughters in•aerosol-type chambers.. These dogs breath aerosol simulating uranium mine dust for 8- hours daily for S days/week. They react s.trongly to the dust. Battelle also uses rabbits, gcats, sheep, pigs, guinea pigs, and hamsters. With the exception of mhe hamsters, these animals are used in feeding _ studies to detercaine fall-out effects on feed-stuffs. All these tests are monitored by means of whole body counters. ilith• the,y;~;: ; I~ ~9 ^t4` CTR MN 0413 -1 a

,,•.,. ,. , .. Dr. T. S. Osdene Page 2 July 17, 19,74 i dogs both gamma rays and soft X•rays are monitored by means of two sets of counters. We then returned to the main laboratory where I was shown both the A.D. Little smoking machine and a machin,e . designed by Battelle.to provide smoke for tracheostomized dogs. The investigators are•very unhappy at havinq' to use the A.D. Little mach.ine. It is simply a plastic S0: cc syringee actuated in one direction by an air piston andi in the other direction by springs. Two solenaids.are uaed to allow the dogs to- breath either air or smoke. There is no provision for dilution of the smoke, nor Is the smoke very fresh when breathed by the dogs. Also, the machine malfunctions frequently and costs$750. The Battelle•machine is more complex, but appears to be more reliable. It too has the.prob•lem of stale smoke, but it has the capability of diluting the smoke. The terms of their NCI consract specify that the A.D. Little machine be used. They are still trying to have this changeb. It appeared to me that the Battelle machine.is far superior to the A.D. Little machine. They were to go to Oak Aidge•this week to look at that machins (which we have seen) ) in hopes that it will be better than the A.D. Little machine and more acceptable to NCI.. I also spoke with Dr. Wehner. He is very interested in ~ repeating his hanster study in which the smoking hamsters ~ lived longer than the non•smoking groups. He has been unable p to get a repeat study sponsored, so he mad:e•a plea for support. 0 The cause of death of the hamsters was amyloidosis m in both groups. Smoking apparently delayed the onset of the 0 amyloidosis.. Dr. Wehner is interested in finding. out why it N was delayed. He aade the pitch thadtf~is might turn out to ~ be a beneficial aspect of smoking. j~ found in the past that they could.not depend on outside.suppliers for beagles. They are accordingly increasing their breeding colony to obtain enough dogs. for the YCI study. A na:+ laboratory of about 100.,000 ft? will be com¢leted this fall. At that tine all of their biologica'l facilities will be located in two buildings. The new one will be at.the Battelle Center, while the present one is an AEC building. Even with the greatly increased space they will have to plan for additional space within the next year, since they will essentially fill the new quarters when they move in. Battelle braeds all of the dogs they use. They have \r'' TI 1 I / N 041s" 12St 1 ..I'

. I . r , . ., . . ~ Dr. R. S. Osdene Page 3 July 17, 1974 L xas extremely isipressed by the Battelle facilities and staff. They are competent people who do not seem to be biased in their outlook toxard smoking. They are objective in their thinkin=. I strongly recommend that Dr. Wakeham, • Dr. Seligman, Dr. Osdene, Dr. Fagaa, aa4 Mr. Charles visit Battelle Northwest. /mro cc: Mt. F. E. Resnik,--,' Dr. R. B. Seligman Mr. R. N. Thomson Dr. K. Wakeham• z .f C l I 1 N( ! 0I+.1` 2 2 0

; 10 ~ G'l~d C .rL'~r"'~ Subject: Mapting at Council for Tobacco Dece.:.ber 21, 1971 To: Mr. E. A. Vassallo 11 E~c'~ ;: -O! ;1Ce W:: ;iZOj c-:i::t,:M, Research . Date: December 22, 1971 C From:. Murray Senkus Purpose of *teeting The meeting was held at the Council for Tobacco Research (CTR) to discuss further Auerbach smoking experiments on dogs, under sponsorship of the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Present at HeetinR Vincent Lisanti William T. Hoyt Robert C. Fiockett Alex Holtzcan 4oger Saleeby 1%lmut Nakeham 8: C. RoeWer Murray Senkus Backgroand Council for Tobacco Resear ch 11 11 of 11 I I I I I 1 3. Philip Morris n u It 11 R. J. Reynolds n :he National Cancer Institute, under the direction of Gio B. Cori, is negotiating with Auerbach to conduct further smoking experiments on dogs. . As defined by NCI, the objective is to determine the effect of nicotine on smoking doss. Thus, one set of cigarettes will be smoked on a group of dogs which will produce'2 mg. of nicotine per cigarette; the other set of dogs will be smoked, using low nicotine tobacco, something on the order o: .2 mg. of nicotine per cigarette. The Scientific Advisory Board (SA3) of the CTR, at its meeting on Dececber 10-12, 1971, concluded that the experiment would be meaningless from a medical standpoint, and we should make every effort to convince NCI to abandon the experiment. The basis for this reasoning is as follows: Smoke will be delivered to the dogs through an incision in the throat, thus whole smoke will be presented to the lungs."""Dut1,ng human smoking, smok9 is first presented to the mouth where the aldehydes jre removed from the smoke; therefore, as a huran inhales, the smoke woul_d-be quite different from the smoke which would be presented to the dogs. r O .. -~ a.~ 1.5 PJRI iOHAI :.a-n". ?no CTR ! / / I yI •1`  10.+` Eaa 6ma Me

?Seeting at CTR 12/21/71 Page two Conclusions Reached at the Meeting It was concluded that discussion of the pertinent scientific .data with Dr. Gori will convince him that the Auerbach experiments should be abandoned. The staff at CTR will asseoble the inf ormation that is to be submitted to Dr. Cori. The Research Directors of the tobacco companies will meet with the CTR staff on January 17 to prepare the final report at that time. In a telephone conversaticn, Dr. Gori has agreed to meet with the Research Directors on January 18 to discuss these data: ' /has 1 J v.'' / 9R ! I 7 l 0432212

C"TR PIN 043223