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TSC d1 PUUNTIFFS' EXHIBR DATE _ 6-16- RICFiARD G. STIREWALT . . REG. PROF. COURT REPORTER CiHxDA RYPQBT ON PL9II' TO U.S.A. /lt(D 17th /1PR7L - 12th hA? 1958 ! BAT Co Lro - MiurrFsoTA TosAcco LmcATioN C*TR MIN 043158

....,. ~. April 17th Aasrieaa Tobaeco Co., Richowa ltr. H. fl. s.raer Dr. IC. :. EulLn • 18th M.aiCLI Counr a :c:.s.s.W1.gr-- Praf. P. a.•Lar.on Pirrirls, RieYaord . 22nd Du1a 13dw.zaifq, Pra:. H. 3. IIaat Prof. P. Sezsihs3s Darls.a • 23rd Li„'Lett a ZbaH. Duziaa • ?l.eh Ptiilyp Yarti., Psrk.oea • 25th A. D. Littl., Im. Dr. S. R. Darkia P-. 7. 7. :Ttea Mr. A. s. o'xat. Mr. R. 8. s.lsp..a Mr. L. W. Dass C.aiai4p. ' 28tb T.LE.C., x.,r Imic. Dr. C. J. T..asl..r rr. 1r. T. SOjrt Mr. Car2 Thaasoa • 29tb-}Otb Roar.ll Pa:lc Y.rcrial Iastitae., Si?tals (fi1.11 1! Lmaltun) Mr. P. C. Eock • 29th Tal. Ddsrdbr, F.. a.sa • 3OL6 81nloSie.2 2......-di Inttiarte, Inc., a se c Dr. H. S. V. Ccrms Dr. P. 9aab%ajer s r t.. Yq 2at-bd Reseoe Jack.on Dr. T. S. Y=q ~ L&B-t-r, aar sUeW Dr. LSa7kW • 3ta Indurtiy T.d•3a1 Ccaaitt.a of T.LII.C., RicbscrA • 6th Natieaal Caaosz Instittta, 8.theada. 7th Johas Bopkiaa Sospital, Saltivarl • bth Xe. Zar! OudnsdQ', K.. Tarfr. • Etp T.I.R.C. N.. Zost. Dr. Cqac Ys. K. R. $aaaez, Chalmaa ltr. V. T. Sart Dr. R. C. 8oe]ue: Dr. G. 8. kiEsr Dr. Y. J. Ehear Dr. x. 8. Aadsrraat Dr. A. C. &uepst Dr. H. L. St.vart Dr. Cca's* CV Dr. A. [o.ak Dr. C. C. Littl. Dr. R. C. Eock.tt ~ • 9th Eleau-Ke tt.zift In.tttut., X.. !aelc. • Iptls S.LB.C., Se. Tart. • 12th Ibatr.al Dr. Z. L. R~ndrr Dr. J. Sprsqps Seientifio Ad.iiory Soard of S.I.SLC. Dr. C. xti,aaL (ffaisrsitr d Torarcte) r --) CJl -p O CO ~ ~ i BAT Co Lzv - 1'vliNNF.SoTA TOBAGCA 1.,[T7GATION CTR IIN 04,31 ~59

/_S .2. PnEgAnLInx prco our, contacts in n.S.A. and Casadla ve sought irforation an the follo" I - 1, the extent to which it is accepted that c•isarette smoie •causes• luzsl caae.r, 2. up to date evidence as to the carcSmpnicity of moke cor3msates to animal tisues, 3- the extent to which extrapolatioa fron aninals to man is justified, 4•, the reLti.e usetulneas et ditYezroat biological tests, 9. the prap.ss nade tarards SdmtSfrinS atyt aative fraction in emolca ooadeasates, 6. the attitn3e of the tobaaoo isatlstry ia U.S.1. aad Cazuda to biological research, 7- the estaat to which S.Y.S.C. •oulQ be fustified in doisu tiolojical researeh aad the form which this should taks, ssd 8. the practical aDethodaloQ of biological testing. In .¢hat follows a general discussioa of theae points is given toSethnr .ith a section on filtrativa ana related problems affi sesoea- eadstions for actioa by i.Y.D.C. Detailed satss of the day-by-day 3iseuations are a.ailable for furtber readiag. -C1USArION' C! IIIIiG CLNC,FR lrith ooe araeptioa (B.S.N. Creeae) the individuals whom *e eset believed that txldag canses lung car,cer if by 'causatioa' we nsan as7 ohatn of eveata .diicb leada finally to lung cances and which iavolres saoMna as an indispessaable liak. In the V.S.L only Darkson, appsreatly, is ao* prepared to doubt the statistical e.idexe asd 2sia reasoaitg is now'aese thovjht to be sound. Hueper of the Natioaal Camer Snstitute accepts that oiparette saohe is eapable of esasiag lung caneer but believes that as eompasvd with other earirameatal carainogsas the ooat; ibutioa of smokl.na to the total anrta].itJ faca lung canaer is being greatly esaggertted. There is no support for the .iew that in the sase isrdiridual the ta*.ndency to amoYe a•ud to be usceptible to lunS cancer are each iadapeadaatly an outward es;sessloa of soae third unSaora factor. Creeae of 7ale still says that his repeated failure to pxoduce eaxciaowa by implanting lung tissue alotsS with toba4o asoke coudeasate J into the n'acles of sflce is ooncludve ..Sdence tbatMmoke cumot caase 1urtS caacer. $ia eipesi.meats were rnt d=e quantita ..1y, bo.e.er, arad on these So®ds aloee the ooaclusion sdsich hs drur s certainly aot 3ustified. lfe foimd diiagreemsnt however as to the likely sechanisa by --- .diiah amnttrZ W cause luna oancer. d C_t'7 1Z» S.i.D. ot T.I.R.C. aad tAe group we met at the Natiootl t~ Caaoer Institute, DetEesda, broadly take the view that causation is O likely to be iadireot. Several }Wpothetieal s+eaus by oh.icb this C7 coula occur ..r* proposed but with no aspaimental e.i3aace to support -1~ any of th.a. ~O N BAT Co Lro - MrrrrrESOuToB,acco Lmc.Anorv ""N 04-~" I~`~n CTR n

-3- . othsrcise we found scmeral saceptance of the siea that the nost 1.i1ce.ly a.ans of causation is that tobacco amke contains csroinojenic ' aubstanae present in sufficicnt qaantitr to psoridc lunj caucer ahcn scting for a long time in a acnsitite iadi.i.6ua1. It aas araucd that the only positi.e oxperimontal e.idsmo to dat'e, using aaimnl tiuues sensitire to carcincgsns, is at the rcry least entirely conaistent with this ricT as is the f.at that several kno.a e,areinojenss hare a]reala been foundd to be present in a.oks emdenaates. It is IIcasrally accepted that tobaoco saoYe is only fceblJ caz+cisn`eadc. Ths saain etYort autaids T.I.E.C. tberefore has saitcLed f2vn tsJing to ooufirn the direct causal bypotLesis to trying to find bloloeicel tast qstems .ldch vi71 al.l.og active susbstances in smoke to be identified. CLP S= io IMD= Xo possible doubt nov srmains that 7Jrdrr's results using moose slcin painting are entis+ely geaiine. Csing .bo1s smbe eonleasats ao3 fractions separated froa it Dock at Buffal.c., Lenalsr at 1.D. Little and lCosak and fielsea, 2ier 7ork Qai.arxit7, ha.e saeh independentl, coxzfirmed t•yndar's earlier work qsalitati.ely. Quant.itatiwly there remeia differences in the level of acti.ity datected in saoke but this is not thought to dstra.ct frae the general ralue of the results. 11e sust coaelude therefore that the failure of workers in the O.E. to raproauce TJrder's results is due to faulty ta:.hnique or the use of zucb losar dose lerals. l=hOLlTIOH }ROli Ala3[LL ffiTS TO HJN 1lithout exception no single iadit3&a1 w4raa we met was prepared to n-trzpolata msambiguousV fr® azq single an.ml test to ann. At the saxe time there xas eeaeral agseazeat that in the field of =mldng aad l..ng cancer no biological test vLol1J free f:,a eriticisn is a.ailable at the present tine cr is likely to bee=e avsilable in the forrseeable future. ihose individuals and groups ergaged in biological testing w3som we met (Xyssles, BocY, 2Aggett & l(yers - 1.D. Ilttle, Bomburger, Jtoscoe JacYsan Lboratory) justify their ssiml r eseare.b programmns roughly ~ on the follodIIg lirles :- 1. The hss.n epideaiolo;ical data add up to a rsasonab],y eonvinoing easa that tobacco smaks is weaklJ earciaotaiio to the himan lung. 2. In dealing axperimeatally with a aaterial possesaing biological activity a biological screening test is essential; in the abseaoe of tMa, purel, eheeiieal .arlc is meaainglssa. j. llthough it urdoubttdly differs in detail the aocbtnim of ea=inogenesia is likely to be basicallJ siailar for all tiasues in a11 s•+t..t:, 1. lor atudy ed tobacco saohs it is therefore Justifisble to use asQ aaisal tissue .tsich eill give oam ers and for praetieal pusposes to cboosa the most sensitive tissue or aaimal a.ail.ble. Rapid scrseatn; tests vhicb stap short of eancer (e.g. s.baoeous glands) are Jnatifi.d if they correlate closely with tosts producing cancers but in the end they aust be cortirsed by full scale tests pzoduciaY eanaers. BAT Co Lrn - MlrrrrEsorATomcco Lmcn-nor J CTR r"IN 043161

5. Dose-fesponse relationships can be establisbed in aniaals vhieh . paralJ.el those dedwced itom huaan epideadology an9 t2~.erefere it L justifiable to base praetical remedial measures on these ralation- ships. 6. If t.o or mn usiasl tests ejui be shown to correlate closely, the case for extrapolatioa to s+an say be strea=thened. Dr. C.C.Little agreed with this with the reservation that the tests which are shoon to correlate ahould Hi.e beeA done oo widely different species. 7. The use of animals as a screaning oedium for man 1is yroved its praeticsl value over a.esy long time in the fields of pathology, pbaruacology aad eancar and unlesi strong evideaee to the contrary were to be disovrr.red it L reasorsble to believe that this sd11 hold tor smokir~ aad health. Lach of tLesa points can b* esitieised in detail but in the abseace of arqthing better we toani ao iididdua2 paapared to dissent strongly tsom the genswal line of srgsmesrt. I CFDICE CIP A BIOLOGICJIL iL4T Skin painting with mice eoabiaed with sebaceous gland suppression aa a sezwaing tast has given eonsistently useful results in hatA a of Tynder, Lenaler and Bor.k. 1Censler elaias that a ne;atiTe sebaceous gUzit roaction is unaabiguous, fa]se positives are oeeasionsll,T fciad. Tynier confirmed this for pol,cyclie lprdrocarbons and cigarette >rake lraetiou.. Bock has obsezTed an occasional false negative but with ubstances .hioh are aot polyoi'lic kydsocarbons. Zsnslar has tourA rabbit skin mre seasitive than muse skin for sooe fractions; i.solated rabbit intestine in .ritro is a uselul sereanina test. Lccordiag to Bockatt Pamerat has found that cigarette smoke condsnsate induces suggest3.e changes in kitten or hmn lung tissue cultused in vitro b¢t the general opinion of tissue culture awthods ss that they are unlikeJy to be useful for soma considerable tiae, it at all. $coburges hopes to be able to produce tumours by subcutaneous irjection of saolu fractions; this is capable of being nade quasstitati.e auh sore easily" than akin paintiag but whole smoke oondensate is too tozic. Gwyxn+ at the Roscoe Jackson Laboratory has oonfirmed the usefulness of sebaceoas gland suppression and is crSdng on a possible chemical ssethod for detecting early chsaWe in skin. =OISS aF SCRXNM TIST3QN 56M tRACiZOtS One of the eain objeoti.es of the ri dt was to discover ..hatLer t2use were aep esp4risental ground,s for believing that cigarette smoice eosdatisata eontaina only one prineipal earcinocen which L Quautitati.slT responsible for a large proportion of the biological activity as measured by aal.aal tasts (a "auper oarcinogea' ia Irright's t.rminology). ,i On the evidence available to date in U.S.1L and Canada this is s+ost unlikely to be so. Liggett A:Wers have so far found that the biological activity of whole saoSu ia distributed bet..en tour different fraetiona of it. ~ Bock has fotimd that the sgecific activity of smoke ncutral tractiea aceompaxcies the po1,cJ11a }pdroearbon sub-fraction and inersases as this is paified. Ho.e.er, the specifie activity is sueL greater than aan be attributed to the k:,ova -nts of those CD C.~ O C.0 ~ .A BAT Co Lrn - Mr.vNFSOrA ToaAcco Lmc.AnoN ~ CTR HN 04316 I")

-S- eazeinogaaio bjdrocarbons reported by 2feuY,aao " 3oanat. Pirthez ' fn.ctioutioa at first leads to a srplittini of the aetirity b•it bsyOad a eertaia poiat the activity of tAsse sub-fraetioas disap?ea: e3 ar,d .as not regaiaod oa recembinatioa. WriAt, worSing with Tyale:r, agrsss that .hereu a frae".on rich in pol7cyc]!z b~rdroearboas eaa be Ssolated .kdch is Mghly acti.e, this aetirity dSsappeaa ahea the fnatioa is furthe_ subdirided. . The prospects of aa being able to idcatify a slangis active carcinogen, 4++ntitati.ely rsspansibl.e for tSe activity et snoYs condensate in aalaals, are tharefore resote. TJndas• rs,ains eoc*inced that the bioLovtoal aotirity C scohe corAenaate r.sid.s principally in a scsll grocp of sdx.d polycyclic 2ydS'oosrboaa (!ds '1.%" fraetien) Sa eLioA srreral tr+ ooewnads han beea idantifi.d4 these are being tested separate.],r for ca.-cixaadeitr.. 3caspyrss» is a aseful inds: of the cor,oeatratim of this frat'.1oa aad altlsaugh the saouat of beaspyreae itselt in the fraction is too ssall , to acooaat for .ors than oosrtLirtietk of its activity aep•es.tbod which wi21 reduce tbe aao=t of baaspys*ne will also reduee the amamts of the ' otber ssars a.ctin eolycrc+= which are fossed aloag ritA berspyrtsx. Wright does not ag:se with this Tie.. A..~=, CP U.3. r-71D5Tii7 Ta BIOIOCIClL Liggett & ktns:s stayed out of T.I.R.C. originally because they daubted the siaoe^ity of T.I.R.C. motins aai believed that the orgta_ isatioa .zs too imricldly to work efficiently. They renain coaviaced that 'their ssis=irittSs were Nstified, In their opinion T.I.A.C. has . dcas little if a.-vthi.ng eonstzvcti.., the eeaatsntly re-itersted 'aot' psvrea' stateaeats in the face of a,ounting eontrary erideme hs thoraighly discr.dlted T.I.R.C., and the 3.A..E. of T.I.R.C. is a+rppa-ting als+ost without esceytioa proyeots which are not related directly to =oking aad lung cancer. Liggetts felt that the p•oblm was suffieieatl„i scions to sustify large-scale investmeat by the Cov:puyy directly in espe:rimeatal research on smoke and eancer, accepting privately that a strong case alaissst tobaeco had beia s+ade out aad avoiding any publie coaxat until their own research bad provided somsthing concrets to olfe. After c=sulting the t.D. Little Orgsniaatioa anl ethcs they eoaeluded that access to biologioal testing facilities vaa essential and • the outcros of this .as the eollaborati.e project with A.D. Little. Ire wce told that Liuetts 2un already isr.tstod coneiIIerably more in this .orlc than the combis~ed do:ntioas of the rest of the is~d:u~ to T.I.R.C. TAe ob~ect is to aliniriate or reduce considerably the eareinoseaiciq of cisarette saoke as revealed by a eeriea of antaal tests and the resulta to date are considered to justify the ia.estaeat. If a:p•thias useful IYnaalJ,y eooes to light Ligg.tta will publisb only a•ftsr they tan first e ecsurd ftill o®meacial ad.antase for themsel.. s, iscludiag patent prvtection if appsopriate. Their daily proauction of about 150 g. of smke fractions for testing is an irda: of the caa.id.rable sul1 an nhich Liggette are operating. It .ns clear from talks x had that, probably, sxmber cmpnies of T.I.R.C. Aad all at oae tism or another ooasidared using bioloSical testing in eonj+unctioa with ehenical frs.ctiouatioa. H.rsoer of l.T.Co. hed prepared a ocMrsh.asire sehean for biologieal researeh several years ago but action on thia n.d baen daferr.d. te nare told tsat Philip Horrie rav aow conrideri:g a biological researcb project and n diseo.ared that Ierillard bete rttaine3 1fladsr as a eonsultartt and ars co3l,aboa•atiaj .ith hia. BAT Co LrD - Mt*rmorn TosAcco LmcAnoN . J ~ O ~ .ta a 00 -p \D Cl7 CI ! l I  I 4 0I+ •Yw'• 1ti.N` •Wa.•°

fN -6- tayt told us that de did not kmu *Arther or aot isd.i.idual ~ sember ccorpaaiss ot T.I.R.C. were doi.n; bioloiicsl research. ge said it *u generally aasusMd by scientists o,itei.de the irdustry that in ra,ct the tobacoo oompustes nere doing this sort of .ork and that these .eiealsts wacld be shxked u they thought that this .ts aot so. At tba sretint of the I.T.O. of T.I.B.C. .Linb es attaaded we were uaable to obtain any first he.cb iaforratioa aa to .hethsri or not iudi.i3ua1 cowFaaias were anpj+d in bialotieal research. It is probably sate to sssuse that at laast A.T.Co. are not Searol.ed altt»uah they do s.rppart a considanble amouat of bioloFioal research by Iaraoa at 3S.dir.al Colleje of Yirgicda whdoh is not rolated to lung cancer. It is Ferhaps si;acLficaat ot the traad of tt,aujAt in T.I.R.C.•Jmt ws were told by Hoctett t2v.t, in a.dditicn to oosk supported by grants which can be freely publiahsd the 6.L.II, ia aoaw ooaaiderinj cosrtractint out biolotiul work on a a®ercial basis. TMs at first woald be axploratoxy nxic en qsaatitatira carcinogenicity but the change of psit:riple Sa that tor the first tine the 11na of research aad publica- tioa polioy wailII be completaly in the barda of the E.13. =.x.s.a. zMCZ Qrr31MM& EWA= 1fe tried to confine discussion of this problea to the area of attesptiat to decide on purclr scieatitio grounds what was possible oc desirabls in the present state of knorle3t.. Inevitably, bMy~', polieT aad public relatioru coasideratiooe obtivd.d to same extent. Thera was general agreement that oa paely acieatitie srouzsis T.H.a.C. would be ftully Nstitie3 in szteadio< its research activities into the fialds of biolosy aad aniaal e.rpaimcatatioa. 8isee the w5ole sub3eat of saoMn ~ and bealth is biolo;ical it seeerd to the s+Uority of our contaats to be aziomatio that the tobacco iadustry ahw7d have biologieal facilities at its disposal. Qpinioae differed considerably, bo.rrer, as to .hat type ard scale of biological work would be s,ost profitaDie and as to %bather or not axythi.u of imediatc pssctical .alue to the ir&+strJ conld be ezFeeted to result tsoa it. The maiarity of ixdiviEuala wbom we srt acceptad that beqosA all reasanable doubt cigarette smoke ssost probably acts as a dir,act tboujh we:7 .eat earninoiea on the ?wun lung. The opinion was given that in ' riew of its ehsaieal coepositioa it would infleed be surprising if ciptstta smoka were a earoinojeaio. This undoubtedly sepreseats the sajority but by no s,.ans the uaaaisous opinion of scientists in G.S.L. These irdi•rimua]s ad.ised us that although it is not possible to predict aaambiguoua7,Y the effect of aaw substaxe oa san frov its stfect on axpario.ntal aaiaals the Seasally suocesaful use of aai-ls in otber fields aa a model for ssa fu1.7J Justities their use in our ysoblea. T2,ese .orkers do not reco;nise aoT need to face the eztra- polatiom pgrobla at the outset of this s+ort of research. They reason that the first essential is to discover what ubstances in cigarette eanIs are quaatitati.ely capable or oausin6 eaneer in aalnals asd aAsthc it iL possible to oodifJ oiSarettes to srks the saoks haseDless to test aalserl tiasues. Ctily later on, if this proves to be possible, .ould it becaee neoessarl to daeids .bether the eTideaes fraa aciaal tests justifies extrapolatioa to liusaa lung oar,eer. In the ..aatiae the p eater the aimber of groups wostirg in this field the faster can progress be a:peoted to be rda. This provides all tbs NstilYcation needed for T.l[.S.C. to enbark on suoh .ark. Others, izcludicg the S.A.D. of T.IJLC. aad a aovp at tbe lhtianal Caaoes Institute, do aot acospt that a case has yet bstea BAT Co LrD - MinwESoTATomcco Lmcnnorc t, J CTR HN 043164

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-8- eac4 plus cost of air transport. They estimate ttis.t this .culd be I oons3dorsbl7 less thsn the cost to us of brocdirg•our oca ar.irsls ani esunulaA purit7 of strain. It noccssarp S.Y.S.C. could Qontsaot wt arW ascessa7 biological testleg on & oorrtidontial co®arcial basis in U.S.A. 2toatnater of the aiol.ojioal ltoasazot< inatitute Tno., CabridSe, is alreaQy doing this sort of .erlc for llaropeaa +ponsors uM agreed to s.ad for our . e.onsldaratiaa a draft pcoposal sivime scm. id.a of the likely oost ol-t sutitable Frojoet. TILTRATICtt /1ID MUM FR03I~S Reuatrh on ssoklo and health durSr; the last !s yeart has certainly eocrinaed the nsjority of sciaatitio opinion in O.S.4. that cijarette etinloc is cspable of amsind luad oamcr in ma, vithost defiair; sznotlT ehat is rsant by •cauution• except that citarette scoke itself is an iMAtapcasable liak in the o2ain of rrarta leadSnj to eanoer. It is also generally accepted that the artino=oaie'etfsot of tta smoks, fortsa~ately, is ..rp weak and the o.ezall effeet on man t~h~sfor+ sarSinal. *yr,dar and many others, tlxrsfore, take the riew that a praetSoal rssedy is to hand peid.ins discovery of eartly etat the sete2uaisa of •eausatioa• a+.r be, wlich say aot in any case be possible ia the presart state of 1moil.dp of eama. Tb4 YSef is that $iAee j6'OpaQl.T~a aP.SIIit the CW)d21~ hL'bit is unlikely to be etfs+ctive, practicable acaxu should be foond of rednciest the ora-all taount of smeice grodnced per unlt weight of cipratte. Wjraisr aaSd if cigarettes oan be altsr.d so that on a.erate the smlres absosOs " less smoks per cigarette than be did su•fi.e Jears a;o thsa_ a signitieant s^sLueticn of lung oanoes snrtality .ill beeome apparsnt in U.S.A. rlthia the nest tyo daeaEes. Although S.l.R.C. officially still takes the riew that •ea.uatiao" is not proven, in practice the iadustry in U.S.A. has found hers agood deal at eo=oe ocvund with t2w oppositioo. Untortunst.lp, bcresr, t2sis has taken the form of a highly urideairable eempetitire scrasEle for a•• eigarsttf with the smallest amourrt of sacim eonaisteat with good flt.va• (•eazimum filttstioa for the sswotAest miolm•) and advertising with ia;li.d health cltias is in full cry. • If up fais of •causatioa', direct or indireet is accepted tbsa the WJadex arjumcnt arY.s sease. There is a good oase for the D.K. Sahutr7 ooll.otivoly, ttawiL S.li.3.C., starting a pro=raaan of research to discover to .hat estent the o+asall preductl,oa of saokn per unit weight of tobsceo is influoooed by suob factore as ohomic.l ccmpositSon and . pYQsieal psropatiss of leaf, sad to discever the aost aecopteble aeaas by wlileL the asq~ot of smke fros a eirsrette eaa be reduced (eoaaistsat .ritb good flavaa) by ehreical or pbsical treatment of the leaf during s».nsfscturs or by eeans of a filter plug. 001CCLOSICK3 1. Although thcre ramains aome doubt as to the propm tion of the total lung oaaocr werta11t7.hi.es can fairly be attributod to ssokin~, scientific opinim in U.S.A. daos not aow eerioualy doubt that the stati.tieall correlation is rval sad reflects a cause and affect relationship. 2. There ss sias an area for debate as to etiat is s+eant by "uusation". Opinion ditfers as to BAT Co Lm - MiNwso-rATosAcco LmcArcoN kr J M~' I I! I I I I •~+' Ir'W~.~'.I.tri fad

-9- 3. .hether or not cia..rstte seake is lik.ly to exert ita atfect by dir.at aotioe oa th. luag. 1a indir.ct s.charlm of oaaxtion is thought by sos to be nor+ llkaly. Tha 4ir~ot oarc3siojazd.oity of taoho coad.asat• to aaimal ti.ssn., .blah is oomaistsat with direct oauratioa, ia aow fully eooriswd but the .Tidoaoe so far obtaSnd .+.lc.s it calikaly that this aeti.ib is due to arp .iv4l* •.ayor oarciswtse in am1u. j.; To srs a3ria.d aaa:ciaona7y tLat oa scientific grosada T.l[.S.C. .vild bU tn2V 3uatified ia eaM- iaS out biolojied r.a.asea. JQrioo oa the for! .hieb ried sss.arc2i ahonid tak., bo...er, w.s fairly tvenly di.'idsd b.t..m (a) r.s.areh with tobacco tmits, ralatd directly to aaokiat ad luas e.aesr, aad (b) loni ramgt- r.snarcb oa eercS.acSeno+ii ia au ~•-a+aord inrti~tioa, with ao .trinss . S. Tb. II.S. tobaoco Sa8utL7 Bas accsyt.d, 9e faeto it aot d.u., the opiaioa of lyndss aad othars that a z.duatioa qf owssll pro3xtion of amYi par uait wsiS3st ot eip,r.tte is a adnl step. Me do not thlah that the es, this dtuatim is aow beiefS .xgloitd cosarr1a11y in II.S.1. ia a us.fnl aod.l for the II.f. sLn;Lfact=,ss r.Fsvasatd oa T.Y.S.C. To r.cmmad t- 1. tht sarly ecrosidaratioa be sisa to research by T.ILS.C. oa the factma irthu=ing arn1 asana of oontralling the orrxll y:o3tction of aaoYa per uait '.rsi` t of a dgar.tt.. 2. tLat coaslderatioa be jisa to direct research by T.l[.J.C. 3a the bioloaoal field. Tls1a aLould at first have tLe limdt.d aia c! trTi.nQ to show wb.tbas or aot it ia poaibl• to alter tAe earcir,oterdcit,7 of cisarvtts smolu eaadsnsato for talaala. It is S>spossible to pz•edict .bstbsr or not r.,earch on tha,e lin.• is l.ilaIj to prodnov raulta of oomeacial Talue to the iz&strT. To think, Lo...ar, that, if T.Y.S.C. is to cmLribute directly to .ar3c oa asold~ aad 1caS eaaecr, tbare ia no real aiteraatita. Te do not r.comsM coasidaratiaa ot tLe altarnatiev fasurd by io.a of onr eeotarts in p.S.i. an tbe iecun2ls that tkrxv is Lasdl,r soos in tb. II.L. for Y.t a:»tAer institirtioa to join s.Z.C.C., Y.a.C., J Cbastar D.atb aai otha-s in lSmdsssatal caac.r r.wu•oh. ` 11tL Jime, 195E - BAT Co Lro - MinNsoTA Towco Lrncnnox ~~`~~` CTR HN 043' 1