Council for Tobacco Research
Hearings Before the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce House of Representatives Ninety-First Congress First Session on H.R. 643 - A Bill to Amend the Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act with Respect to the Labeling of Packages of Cigarettes and for Other Purposes (and Similar Bills) H.R. 1237 - A Bill to Direct the Federal Communications Commission to Establish Regulations Prohibiting Certain Broadcasting of Advertising of Cigarettes (and Similar Bills) H.R. 3055 - A Bill to Strengthen the Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act (and Similar Bills) H.R. 6543 - A Bill to Extend Public Health Protection with Respect to Cigarette Smoking and for Other Purposes (and Similar Bills) April 15, 16, 17, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 28, 29, 30, and May 1 Serial No. 91-12 [Hearings Regarding A Program to Sharpen the Objectives of Supported Research of Tobacco and Health]
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- CTRMN014991-5129 Deposition of Sheldon C. Sommers [Deposition of Sommers in the Matter of Cipollone]
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THIS DOCUMENT SUBJECT TO
1089 IDpNFIDENTIAUTY AGREEMENT.
9e-1 Sommera, S. C.: Host factors in fatal Duman lan8 cancei. Arch. PatL ,
63 :104-111,1966
p3 Iderriam J. C Sommers
S. C and Bmltbwiek R_ Ii : C11n1copatDolo
~;cal
.
J
~ eorrelations of reaal blopalea in bTpertenalon w1tL p7elonepbriti.. Circu-
Ltlon. 17:243-246, 1966.
W Hoefer, E. D., SRinton. r. W., Ltkinson, B_ P. and Sommer,, S. C.: Pantl
dfacnWon on cbronic ttlcaratlva colJtis. Am. J. Gastroenttrol, 1b:
E73,19:,k.
95. Isar, H. d and Sommers. Bt. C.: Betroperitonea] ectopic seminal vesicle
eommunlcattns R-Jth a eontralataral solitary kidney. keport of a ca_t.
J. Crol., l6 : 94-9b6,1O56.
96. Sommers. S. C., Relman. A. S. and Smlthaick. R. B.: Histolosic ,tudies of
kidney biopsy specimens from panenta tritb bypertenuon. Am. J. patb..
5/ : ES.r-71L, 1D58.
97. Sommeri, S. C.: Constitutional aspects of sastric carcinoma. Arcb. PatL.
66 : 487-493,195b
96 IIUricl:, W. C., LentJnl. E. A. and Sommers. S. C.: OFLen consumption of
poatmortem human beart muscle. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & ]ted., bb: .'it~-
24T,19tib.
99. Sbamma, L H., Goddard. J. W. and Sommers. S. C.: A study of the adrenai
atatos in bTpertenaon. J. Cbron. Dls.. 6: 557-M, 1956.
100. Sllra, T. F. and Sommers, S. C.: Renal biopsy chanje. with pbeocbromocs
toma, Am. J. 1Ued. Scl-, 238:700-704. 1958.
101. SeIDer. B, Lenson. K. and Sommers. S. C.: Carcinoma arising ln minor
aaUvarS gland ducu of the lower Up. lm. J. Sura., >i7, : 79-82. lfr'.,br
10:. Strong, S. 11. and Sommers, S. C.: Bronchiojenlc carcinoma 1rcb. Oto-
laryng. E8 : 764-769,193e. -
103. WilkSns, R. W. and Sommers. S. C.: CUnJcopatholosic Conference. Enlar`e
ment of the heart. cardiac failure a.nd loote, drJ .calj akin. Am. J. Clit:.
Pa tb.. 31: 68-72.193b.
10a. Sommers. S. C.: Pituitary cell relations to body states. Lab. Invest., 8: SS~-
E2L 193b.
203 CoQnttn, J. D. and Somwers. S. C.: Famllial p,uudozanthoma elasti:uu
and ealcnlar heart disease. Ctr;ulatlon, 19:242-250, 195b.
106. Sommer., S. C.: Pathology of the Kiduey and adrenal gland in reiatio::
ship to bJpertension. ln: 'liypertenslon" W. B. Saunders Co.. 23. 11,_~,~
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correlations of tbemic tumors. J. Tboracie Surg.. 37:
.
3-2H0, 193:.
108. Androutsolaulus, N. A. and Sommers, S. C.: Postmenoyausal endometrios:>
Obstrt. & G jnrc..14 : 240-24A.1959.
309. DUricl, W. C.. Lentini. E. A. and Sommers. S. C.: Summation and tetsnu-
in postmortem human heart muscle. J. Appl. PJtcsiol.. la : 587-56i. ]'-5:-
710. Hollander, A. and Sommers. S. C.: Current case of lepromatous lepro~-.
acid-fast bacilli in epidermis. Conn. Ned. 23: 65tr~, 2939.
111. Thayer, C. I.- and Sommers, S. C.: Host factors in carcinoma of the uterinr
~ cervlz. Am. J. Obatet ! OFnec., 76:386-392. 1959.
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....,.. A neral lesion asaoclated with belatic cirrboeis. Iib. Invest., 5:96.-97;.
11K,b.
113. Fuller. C. H. and Sommers, S. C.: The thyroid ttatus in relatlon to ar
terioaclerotic disease. B. 31Q. 10:1-2. 1919
114. Sancbes. G. C. and Sommers. S. C.: Peptic ulcer diatLesis with a a,ia-1
adenocarcinoma of tDe pancreaa: Oase report. Gasuoenteroloe.r, 35: 41;.-
470. 19b0.
315. Sommers. S. C.: Renal a.nd adrenal pat.boloBS in hypertension. Conn. Med .
24 : 240-244, 1960.
116. Selis. J. R'. al.. Parsons, L, Friedell. G. H. and Sommers. S. C.: A patb~lotic
atod. Jn 85 aatopsiea after radical surgery for cancer of the cersiz. Sur;,
Gynec. and ODat.,110: 4x3-M.1980.
117. Hollander. A. and Sommers. S. C.: A blstochemical stndc of mucofpnlr
ucrbarJdea of leprosy of the skin. Acta. Dermat. Venerrol. Pro~. 11:1:
r lnternat. Congr: Dermat. 8: 407-411, 195,'-1960.
~ 136. Bnckingbam. S. and Sommers, S. C.: Pulmonary byaUne membranes. J. Di:.
CLlld., 99: 219-- "M,1980.
119. Patwn. B. B. and Sommera S C.: The biwpatdologc of iafarctlon and other
ulcerative diseases of the esophagus. Am. J. Clin. Path., 33: S]G-5_a, ]:tiv
?9-28G--6p-pt. 3 -71
®
®
THIS DOCUMENT SUBJECT TO
1090 CONFlDENTIALlTY AGREEMENT.
120. Hollander, A. and kommers, 8. C.: Histocbemlal comparison of Boe^l's
Sarcoid with other cutaneons sranul6mas: Arcb. Dermat. 81: 044-ts4G,
1980.
121. FrledelL G. H., SDerman, J. D. and Sommers, 8. C.: Spleen and IJrer in
the anemla of tbe tumor-Learing hamster. Arch. Path., iU: liK,O.
122. Graasi. J. E. and Sommers, 8. C.: A case of carcinoma of tbr breast in a
young woman with bamartomatous d7potbala.mic malformatioa. Am. J.
8 u rg..100 : 606-41 _, 1080.
123. Celoria, G. C., Friedell, C. -H. and Sommers. 8. C.: Raynaud's diease and
primary pulmonary hypertens:on. Circnlation. 22: 10:,;r10J9, 1900.
124. Tnrgeon, C. and Sommers, S. C.: Jtutagiomernlar cell counta and bun.ao
bTpertenslon. Am. J. Patb., 38: 227-241,1981.
125. Sommers. S. C. and Tvrg.on. C.: ]dorpbologic studies oo relarionshif+ of
peelonepbrida to DTpertensJon ln: "Blolo, of ppelonepbr.ti~" Littie
Brown and Company. Boston, 1960.
126. McAuley, R. L. and Sommers. S. C.: Mast cells in nonspecleSc ulceratire
colJtis. Am. J. Digest. Dis., 6: 233-26, ]9C1.
127. Somtners. S. C. and Verendia. J.B.: An appraisal of laboratory determina
tions of estrogens. Am. J. Clin. Pathl., 33 : 319-3_7. ]9C7.
128. Tln. P-H and Sommers. S. C.: Some patbologic eorrelatlons of orarian
atromal byperplasia. J. Clin. Endocrinol. k ldettb., 21: 47:-47:. li'+(:1
129. Patalano. V. J. and Sommers. S. C.: Blopsy diagnosis of periarterius nudusa.
Arch. Path.. 72 :1-7. 2961.
130. Tedescbi. L. G. aad Sommers. 8. C.: OxTtalan 6bers in sclerosing beman; o-
mas. Arch. Dermatol., 84 : 1°-8-130, 1981.
131. Sommers. S. C.: Some patbolo8ic conditions associated with renal and ad-
renal hypertension. J. A. M. A., 178: 715-717,1961.
132. lYledell. G. H.. Sherman, J. D. and Sommers. S. C.: Growth cnrres of bu-
man cancer transplants during experimental chemotherapy. 14: 1117-
1721. 1981.
133. Sherman. R. P., Gratsi. 7. t. and Sommers, S. C.: Hamartomatons mal.for-
mation of the postlateral hypothalamus. Lab. Inrest., 1] : 8tia7. 19G_.
134. tt'illiams. M. J. and Sommers, S. C.: Endocrine and certain otber changes
in men with carcinoma of the lang. Cancer,1S: 10EA-1]7. 198''.
135. Ganem. K. tYiedell. G. H. and Sommers. S. C.: A stody of orarian tbecoms-
tosls. California Medicine. 96 : 234-°±..~ 1962.
336. Tedeacbi, L. G. and Sommers. S. C.: Oijtalan dbers-dermal Dhromas and
giant-cell tendon sheath tumors. Arch. Derm., 85: br-S:w, 1FE^.
137. SoerFel, K. H. and Sommers. S. C.: TDe alreolar epitbelial lesion of 1Cto-
jntbic pulmonary bemosiderosis. Am. Rev. of Besp. Dis., 85: 510~3-,
1962.
138. Soerget. t'.. H. and Sommers. S. C.: Idiopathic pulmonary bemosiderosis
and related srndromes. Am. J. afed., 33:499-511. lt;'G:.
13n. Sommerr. S. C.. alcLaut;hlin, R. J. and ]tcAnlec, R. L.: Patboio, of d?a-
stolic DFtxrtensinn as agenerallsed .ascnlar dl-ease. Am. J. Cardio:.,
]fac, ]963, 6a3-6:4.
140. Reeles, C. and Sr.mmert. S. C.: Endometrial bemosiderlo as eride:,,e of
metrorrhaRia. O}iq and CT\..19 : 7AL-7412. l9^:.
141. RrcnNd%. C. T. and Smirbtrict. R. H, and Sommer~, q C : Ex,i,io- of
adrenal adeanmu and ympatbectomg In the therapy of bFpertr--ion.
J. Surgery, 103: Q9(-701, 1982.
242. Nori.. B. 31. and St+xmert. S. C.: Statat M th(, myocardi:tl arteriule In
au:ina pectoris. Amer. Heart J.. 64: 32&-3°.3. ]AC2.
143. Recni-lA+. C. T. and Sonimers. S. C.: Scmv;itl,ertoruy for Elotneruio-n~yb-::i
with hypertension. Arch. Sur:.. C', : SP(ti-393.
144. Snmmr-f. >;. C.. Rhbinr. G. B.. Bal.iu. D. S. at:J Fnascl. C. T.: CL-<r.'c
pyelnnephritio. renal tubular atrophy and bypertenao:,. Arch. Ita. JI-1 .
110: 60;,-510, 1962
]a5. n'hEkr,wnrl. J. ~1.. T.o.ra.. D and Somtner.. q C.: come bn.t fs:~r< :c
rhi d^r.lnlvm"nt nf renal cell carcinoma. R'est J. of Sur,^.. nb<. Q( c,ec..
70 : 254-'~S. 1902.
14G. B-iuchtlm. R. i1. anA Qnmm.r!. S. C.: A new eoncept of renal bSpcrtrn:-u
3. C rololte, RA : 113-136. 1983.
lal. Reere,. C.. LoR'eniztein. L. and Sommera. R. C.: A sugce!ted mPchar.is::, nf
er!rthrnpnJrtie control of Ju:taglomerulnr cells. AID. J. NJrd. q.i.. _'a'.:
134-187, 1883.
CTR t~~~ 01419 ~'~
THIS DOCUMENT SUBJECT TO
1091 CONFIDENTIAUTY. AGREEMENT.
145. Harlc. B. and Sommen, .8. C.: Endometrial carettaae In diagnosis and
therapy. Ost. & GSaec, 21: Q36-d38. 1963. .
149. Sommers. S. C., Weber. C. E. and Reeres. E.: A bematjlDtination resction
of mothers and tntant+ of dlfferent LBO and Rb groups. Am. J. Clia.
Pa tb., 39 : 482-4Si. 1963.
150. Russfleld, A. B. and Sommers. S. C.: The affect of malnotrition on tropic
hormone storage 1n the bumau bypopbTsis. rch. Path. 75: 504.
]9G:.
1L]. Beaser. 8. B.. Salt. M. and Sommers. S. C.: lntloence of tn,alin therapy
and pyelonepbrltis upon diabetic ilomeruloaclerosis in bamsters. lfeub.
12: T01-709, 1968.
1'.:. Sommers. S. C.: Some endocrine and Immunolot;fc axpects of proRn,,si- in
breast arclnoma. cta t'nion lnt. Coatre Cancer 26: WJ-60. 1bC2
153. Reeref. G.. Figuerdo. A. and Somnrers. S. C.: A eae of breast carcinotr.a
with hcpothalamic malformation. West. J. Surg. Obs. k Gyn. 71: lE+-
186, 1983.
lS,f. Hatt, W. S. R, and Sommers. S C.: A c1lDicopatholoFic analcsis of biopsc
recimeas ln persistent slomerulooepbritls. Am. J. Patb. 43: 45'.H1;,,
1963.
153. Bowden. D. H.. Danis. P. G. and Solnmers. S. C.: Ata=iaTelangiectasla.
J. Xearopatb & E:p. N eur. 2_ : 549-553.1963.
236, Beaser. S. B.. Balc. W. F.. Donald>ou. G. R McIwDrLlln, R. J. and com
mers. S. C.: Allozan diabetes in the golden hamster. ]fesocricetos Auratus
II. Glomeruloclerosis and fu relation to diabetic regulation. Diabrtea,
13: 4D~'.t, 1964. '
]57. Williams. al., Barnes, W. D. and Sommers, 8. C.: H.poaatremis. antJ
diuretlc hormone secretioa and oat cell arcinoma of the lang. Dis. of
Ch e s t. 44 : 95-99, 1963.
155. Monroe. L S.. Boughtoa. G. A.. and Sommers. S. C.: The aaaociation of
Rastric epltbellal bTperplasia and cancer. Gatttrocnterology 46: 267-2-.=,
1964.
1;,9. Teel P. and Sommers, S. C.: Vascular lnrasion as a protDostk factor in
breast carcinoma. SDrt. Gynec. and Obstet. 118: 1006-]005. ]9fa.
160. Reeces. G.. Lo.censtein. L and Sommers. S. C.: The renal macuia densa
and lasta8lomerular body and cirrhosis. Arch. Iat. lded. 1L^: 10~-715. ]9c-3.
161. R/lliam. Jl. J. and Sommers. S. C.: Empb.sema, peptic nlcer and lun;
carcinoma with pituitary Crooke's ceUs. Am. J. Dded. Scl. 247: 4_^2-tL,.
2964. e
16= Sommers. S. C. and Dixon. F. J.: Seminar on untoward reactione to trest-
ment. Am. Society of Clinical Pathologists. Chicago. ]AG1. G-. pp.
163. Breslau. A. M., Gonkk. B. C.. Sommers. S. C. and Gere. L. B.: Patbo-
tenesis of chronic pyelonephritis. Am. J. Path., 44: 679-705. 1964
364. WrJrbt. C. F.. afedeailta. G. A. and Sommers. S. C.: Perinatal deo:2 ! A
clinicopatbological analy%ls of 99 cases. Calif. Dled. 1(j0: 336-;1). 196-1.
165. Sommers. S. C.: Abnormalities accompanYint carcinomas of the lar;e in-
V~ testine. Dis. Colon and Rectum 7: 262-269. 1964
.
I6C. $ennedJ. J. A., Ailliamx. 11. J. and Sommers. S. C.: CusbinF's sTOdrome and
cancer of the lnnt;: Pitultarc Crooke Cell LTperplasia In pulmonary oat
cell carcinoma. ADD. SDrg. 160:tNL-94. 11404.
167. Sommers, S. C.: Patbolorc of essential bFpertension, CYclo. 3fed. 4:0--15.
19F.L
16S. Buclinpbam. S.1fcNarJ, tC. F.. Jr.. and Sommers. S. C.: Pulmonary alreolar
cell Inclusions: Their derelopment In rat. Sciencse, 345:]1J>:'-t3. 1PF-1
163. RuaiAeld. AFnes. B.. F/sbrr. Edwin. R. and Summers. S. C.: Disrociatinn
of bnmof+bytleal content and urinary excretion of ronadntrnria in cinbusis
Proc. Soc. Eip. & lfed..116:*a. 1M'_-]02a .-]02a. Aur-S«lrt. 1fM1.
1-,0. Somniers. S. C.: Pulmonary emphcsemot. bealed mFncardin: laforcts nnd
otbvr diwse correlations with male breast structurc. AV J. 11rd. S.i..
2aS :Selu. 1964. 341-3-N.
171. Sununers. S. C.. Gonick. H. C.. Salmanson G. lf. and Gu:e. L. B.: Pn:bo-
RenesJs of chronic pyelonepbritis. A)1. J. Path.. 45:*5 1214-T3q. \o. ]!Ka.
1'2. Friedell. G.. Bettl, A. and Suwmers. S. C.: Ttte proFnostic Talae of b:nod
.sesel ineaslon and 1ymPocrtic iaCltrates ln breast carcinoma. Cauccr,
18 : *=. ] C.a-G0. Frb.196:~.
173. Kennedy. J. H.. W1111anm!t. !1. J. and Sommers. S. C.: Pituitary Cnoole
Cell byiMrptasla in pulmonary carcinoma, Acto Calo Contra Cancrum,
20 :1;.,.` , ] t+G-L
C~TR HN 01 ~'~r'`~~
1HIS DOCUMENT SUBJECT TO
1092 ODMFIDENTIALJTY AGREEMENT.
774. Gonlck. B. C.. Rabtal. 1!. D, Oleaaon i. 0.. and Sommera, S. C.: The reno'.
le.lon In foot. Ann. lot. Hed R2:6Cr-674,1983.
173. Sommers. S. C.: B7pettenslon and Sldne7 Disease. Prog. In Cardior;tscular
Diaease. 8:230-S1. No. 1965.
17& Lalman.on. 0. li., Sotamers, 4. C. and Gose. L. B.: PJelonepbrittc 1'lI Ez
petimental aacendin8 lnfectlon w-itb pr'oRaaioa of lesions in the abse--ce
of bacttria. Lrcb. Path., 80 :S09-S1E.196S.
177. Bee.er, 0. and Sommers. S. C.: Senaltirlb of tbe renal mscola denaa to
arinary aodlom. Proc. Soc. E:p Blot. Med.. 12U:3s4-x'6. 1b6;,.
17& Sommers. S. C.: Endocttrse pathology of prostatic bypertropby and csrc:-
noma. Bull. N.Y. Aced. Med, 42:p248. Marcb. 1968. (ebstracti.
179. Berco.lti Z T. and Somtaera, S. C.: Altered tn0ammatory reaction ic nc--
apeciDc nlceratl.e coUtis. Arcb. Iot. Med.. 117:54l. pril. 1966
180. Friedell. G. H., Sommers. S. C., Cbote, R.N. and Rarren S.: Orarinn
genesis in irradiated parablotic rats. Cancer Res. 2K:4:7-434. 8t;.
151. lleissner, W. A. and Sommen, S. C.: Endometrlal cbana(s after prolonged
pro8esterone and testotterooe administratlon to r.bbits Cancer Re-i 474Jt78. Marcb.1966.
182. More, B. 1f, Merdlnter W. F. and Sommers. S. C.: Cbolecrsltis and s:eco:::
arterloaclerosia Am. J. Ctin. Path. 46 :465-46?.198C.
188. Sommers. S. C.. Friadell, 0. HL and Bobtnson C. R. : Cbemotberapy of 13u=sc
Cancer 4lranaplanta pitb Yetbotrexat. (LmetLopterin) and Hor~e Seruzi.
Cancer,19:a74--67& 1986. '
184. BrLlndler, A. lrt and Soto.mers, 8 C: Diabetic Sclerosis of the Jtut.tiomeru
lar&pparattu. Lab.Iosaat.,15:877-884. MaJ,198G.
185. Sommers. S. C.: Renal Factors In HFpertmslon. HenrJ Ford Hosp. ?Ld.
BtilL.14 :47-54, ldarcb 1968.
186. BocYln=bam, S., Hetnemann B. 0.. Sommera S. C. and ]fcXary. W. F.:
Pbospbolipld Byatbeais In tbe Large Pulmonary AlTeolar Ce11 : Its R-:a-
t1on to Lung Sarfactants. Am. J. Path.. 48:1tY_Y-1W1 June. 1P80
187. So1oRa! H. B. and Sommers. S. C.: Endocrioopatby Lssociated R::b ?a-.-
creatic Carcinomas-Ree/eR of Host Factors Including Oonadotropic Activity. lnnaL of Sursery,
18/:3UU-30-t lP6t;
188. Lsraeb. J. H., 8eale. J. E. and Sommers. S. C.: Patterns of edrer,al Ze' ---
tion and trinary Excretion of Aldosterone and Plasnta Renir, ectic;:y i-
Normal and Hlyertensl.e Subjects! Supplement 7 to Circulation Re:ea:.L.
\'ols. XCII1 and rIS 1-15b-1-174. June.l9f,C.
189. Cannon P. J.. 8tason, W. B., Lemartini. F. E.. Sommers, S C. and Lsr2:*_.
J. H.: Flypernricem3a 1n Primary and Renal HSpertension. NeR Ei:
J. l.fed. 275: 437-i64. Septe.mber.1b88.
190. Sommers. S. C. and FYiedell, G. B.: StodJef of Carcinogenesis In Parab:r:'
Bata. Lnnala of New York cademy of Sciences, 125:92S-932, JanusrT.
1966.
191. Slrter, S. J. Sommers. 8. C., Haagensen. C. D. and Coolec, E.: Rr-erij~tj::o:%
of Blood Vedsel In.asion as a ProRnostSe Factor iu Carcinou n oi tt-
Breost. Cancer. lb :1313-L'1C. SrpteuLer. 19Gt;.
392. Hyman G. A. and Sommerx. S. C.: The I),ecelnPmeut of Hod;l:in'-
I.-.
and LTmpboma I)urin` Anticronvolsant TberayF. Bluod. 2S:a1c-IC'. :-
193. Sommers. S. C.: Mast Celle and Yanetb Celitc iu L'Icerative Colitis. Gn-:- -:
t e r n l ogT. 31 : N41-F4 i.1 W.
194. Sommers. S. C.: Patbologc of Cenlcal Corclnoma. In Xen t uuwrtr- :
GyUecoloai(al ODColoi;}'' Iirhurmnuu K:rmyu-iuu,.
195. Sornmers. S. C.: The S1Rni6vanre of Endometrinl }lcperplasiss Ic °~-
Concept In Gynecological Uu(olusc' Habueujann .rmlnaiuu,. ~-_ -
19fG.
19G. Sommers. 8. C. and Bercorlts. Z. T.: InAammatory Responseq In L'1(rrat:
Culitis. N.r. State J. lf e(!., 88:3044-3Ui`:.1t".
197. Ssoboda. A. C., Jr.. Snauer C. St.. Gamble. C. N.. Sommers. R. C. sull >r e
L S. Problems In the Ear1y Iliasnosis of Peptic Esopba`iti,.
Endoscope, Feb. 190' .
198. Caracaca, J., Dlmond E. G., Sommers. S. C. and aenk. R:!'rr~r~
InAuced tberosclrrosis by Perozidase. Stience,
1961.
199. Rippey. J. H. and Somm-:ra. S. C.: Acpert.ropbiad plasma cells in
enterlti*. Atn, J. Dig. Dis- 12 :465. 1987.
CTR- HN 0 14739
200. Leon. N. and Sommers,, S. C.: Cells of mascnltnlzinir tJpe'!n ovary of a
patient witL feminine pbenot)pe. cta Genetlca tt Stat. l+fed., 1-, :345,
lf)8i. '
201. Gor.ick, H. C., Paul. W., SommerR. S. C. and Gttse. L B.: lbnctional studiet
Correlation between acid ezcreunt
In e:perimenui pselonepbritis
II
.
.
t ablllt7 and ens.me b.Jstocbemistrj. Acid ezcretlon and enzcn,t bisiv-
" ebtmi" in experimental pselootpbrJtis. Kepbron, 4:i5. 1967.
2U-. Goldenberg, V. E., Bucklngbam, S. and Summers, S. C.: Pulmonary alceo-
lar lealons 1n.asotomiscd rats. Lab. in.est: 1E. 983. 2967.
203. Sommers. S. C., Reeves. G. and Reeves. E.: ImmonoloRic and cbmnrhera
peutic e:dects on buman melanoma brterotransplants. Proc. Suc. Ezp.
Biol. and Wed.. 123:740. 19Gi.
204. Buckingbam. 8.. Sommers, S. C. and SberRJn. R. P.: Iesions of the dorsal
ragal nuclctta Jn the respiratory distress sTndrome. Am. J. Ctin. PatL.
4 B :289. 19ti7.
20.;. Sommers. S. C.: Srstematlsed nomenclature of pathology. Pat:boloeia et
]d icrobloloria. 80 :fC'8. 1987.
206. S:ranaa. 11. D., Sommera, S. C.: Medullary cystic disease and familial Jure-
nile nephronopbtbiais. 'Ne+e En`, J. Med. 277:883. lAG7.
207. Elabi. E. H.. Long. M. E., Fricl-. H. C.. 11 and Sommera. S. C.: Lonr-term
rurriral In dlaseminsted orarian carcinomr. Am. l. Obst. and G7oec.. 914:
5-".196i.
206. Dennins. C. lL. Sommers. S. C. and QniateF, H. J.: InfertilitJ ln male patients
with ccstic tlbrosia. Peiliatrics. 41:7-17. 198F.
209. Barrington. J. T.. Sommers. S. C. and Sasslrer. J. P.: Atberomatous emboll
with proCresslce renal failure. Renal arterioFraph7 as the probnbie mcit-
Jng factor. Annals of Int. Med., 68: 152-180. 19f.6.
210. Cannon, P. J., Leeming. J. 111., Sommers, S. C.. Wtnter,. R. W. and Laragb.
J. H.: Jaztaglomerular cell bFperplasia and secondary b.peraidocleroc-
lam (Bamer'a Syndrome) : A reevaluation of the pat.bopbysiolo`c. 11edi-
cI ne. 47 :107-131. 1985.
211. IwraRb. J. H.. Led/nRbam, J. G. G. and Sommers. S. C.: Secondary aldos:er-
ouism and reduc.d l.lasmo renin In bypertensive disease. Traas. essoc
Am. Physicians. IaX\ ab`]S1. 1965.
212. Marke.rltz. ]l.. Sommerr. S. C.. N-eenema. R. J. and Butler. !f. D.: Testi<u-
lnr biopi-c artlfacts resulting from Improper tissue processing. J. 1-'roi .
100 : 44--f9. 198<<.
213. So¢mers. S. C.: In tJ.'LB. B1nodRortb. ltiitorl "TeittKol of Endocrine
Patbologc^ TAyroid Glowd. Williams and Will-ins Co.. pp 133-180. 14i5
214. Sommers, S. C.: !n "Teztbook of Endocrine Patbnlogy". J.31.B. Blnnd-
.cortL, editor. Eedoeriae acr;rir;ri of T'onendocrinc Tuaae Twnwr#. n'il-
llams and a'ilkinF Co.. Baltimore. DId. 1985.
215. lltcbek. A.. 1briFbt. K. L and Sommer.. S. C.: The renal pathology of
toxemia of preYnant:r. Ob. and Gyn.. 31 laC~.
216. BocktnRbam. S.. Sommers. R C. and WN*arc, W. F.: Exprriroental reeD:re-
tnry distress rl'ndrome: I Central aotnnomlc and bumoral patboreuF::c
factors in pulmonary /nJurc of rats lnduced with byperbaric oscceu and
the proto-rtJee effects of barblturates and Tr:,cclol t£' Biol. \eonaL.
12 :281-251. 1986.
217. PaleJ. W. B_ Pbanenf. G. J. and Sommen. S. C.: Colneld.ntal prin:3rc
prcoma and carcinnme of the cerrix. Ob. and Grn. 33:41-47. 19C9.
21B. Goldenberg. V. E.. BuckingDam, S. and Sommera, S. C.: Pilocarpine rt:n:u-
latlon of granular pneumoc?Ye secretion. Lab. Inceat. 20:147-156. 19C?.
_ 219. Elster. 8. J.. Bommerr. S. C.. AaaFenen, D. C.. Friedell. G. H, and Coo1Fy.
E.: Nuclear grade and sintu bistiocTtosis In cancer of the breast. Cancer.
23 :570-575. 1989.
220. Sommers. S. C.: Hi*tnlogic eDanjes In lneipient carcinoma of the brea~:t.
Cancer, 23 := 1989.
The CtlAiztlsAl:. Thank you, Dr. Sommers, for giring na the benefit
of rour rieRs.
Mr. V>,x DrxR.iN. Thank rnu. Mr. Chairman.
Dr. ~Zommers, R'hat is the C'ouncil for Tobacco Research?
Dr. Soldxtns. The Council for Tobaoeo Research. sir. is now a pprox i-
mate)r 15 -rears old. At that time, the various tobacco cotnpanteQ-, the
Ctm t`. t ! i `! t..A .t `"'~ t` t `°t N,JF
THIS DOCUMENT SUBJECT TO
1094 OWpENTiAUn AGREEMENT..
major ones in the United Statesr got together and ptoiided fund:
to used for medical and biologtca`l research in the field relating to
smoking and health.
There was de%eloped a scientific advisory board. The board is listed
in one of the att.achments that, I hare inserted into the reci)rd. These are
indii-idual scientists and physicians who act as a rerieo: board for any
project request for monec to help research in these fields.
There is a report of the 15 cears aeticitS by Dr. C. C. Little Ri::::
has been published and is acailable.
Mr. Vev Drrxr.rN-. Mat is the AILk-ERF ?
Dr. Sosrarxxs. The American Medical Association has an educat
and research foundation which was funded by the tobncco indu=tr%-.
~fr memorr is not ezact,but I beliex-e at fir~ they were gii-er, =_-
millron and t)ten some cears later ,? million more in oider to uij.:rr-
take iniestigations in the fielr}of smoking and ltealrlj.
This moner is administered and dispensed by the AM A tlirou::. n
scientific board to inrestigators interested in the projectc in thi- ne?d.
),fr. t'A-. Dtzu.ix. There was criticism at the time. 3s I rer-". nf
the AKX, for accepting money from this particular source for
particular study. HoR lon.g ago Ras this?
Dr. SousrtRS. I be.liece rt goes back 7 or 8 cears now.
Mr. VA,, Dr.r.xr.i-.. Thank You, Mr. Chairman.
The CaAntMex. Mr. Watson t
Mr. WATSON. Mr. Chairman. I apologz e for being ]n'e in arrn:.:.
but I was unaAoidabls detained. May l defer any question:n: uni? I
hace occasion to glance over the Ritness' statement ?
The CRAgt.~rA--. Dr. Carter?
Mr. Caxmt. Tltank rou. Mr. Chairman.
Doctor, it sePmiz that rou are quite a bu=r mnn. I1irP; ror of ln?. ,~-
tories. Lenox Hill Hospital: clinicil prnfes~or of patLolnven-. C'nlt,n:'
tniiersit~ College of Ph~sirians and Srueeons. \e~ 1 o:k mPi-:~'
profes.~or of pathology, and Lni%ersitc of Southern California of Medicine, Los Angeles: You teach
at the Cornell \Iedical ~'.. ~:
Medical CenterandNeR Yorhl+fedical Collefie.
Also, the Veterans' Administration hospital consultant in rath, ~._c
and editor of the Pathology Annual.
cl:~
I think from these connections cort must be worthy and well
Sed. I further think cou hare gicen a cerr good pre=entation.
I read in the paper last Saturday that $ecretarr Finch of the I)~-
partment of Health. Education, and I1'elfare had announced th.1 ii,
dustrr and Qorernment were enltaging in cooperatire efforts to es-
plore the gaps in knowledge on the questaon oi smoking and he:tlr!;.
Did vou read thatt
Dr. $oarxctes. Yes. air; I saw that news release. R'hat has haPle,:e;l
is at the time of the American Medical Association Convention in
San Francisco in June last)ear, a committee was formed comprisir._
representatiies of the Nattonal Institutes of Health. Dr. Endi-tt
beu-g thechairman of that meeting, and also representatiTes froni tl:-
Amertcan Medical Association-ERF and the Council for Tob,r:o
Research Scientific Adivaorv Board.
The wish was to outline for all three groups the lack of 1-noRle ;_e
or the places where knowledge was deficient in reRard to smoking
and hµlth, and then to set ap priorities for research in this field.
CTR HIN 0 14741
THIS DOCUMENT SUBJECT TU
1095 CONFiDENTIALITY AGREEMENT,
The subcommittee was appointed, of which I am a member. It has
met on several occasions since then.
K'e are hopeful that in a month or so .ce will have a ring1e docu-
ment that will reflect the combined feelings of the National Institutes
of Health, the National Cancer Institute, the AMA Research Foun-
dation and the Council of Tobacco Research Scientific Advisory
Board as to the deficiencies in knowledge in this field and the order of
priorities that one or more of theae groups will give.
I very much hope we will get such a documenL I think it will be
belpful to all of us in the next 5 years or so.
Mr. Cs~. Realiution has dawned upon many of these people
that there are many gaps in the causation of lung cancer, is that
true t
Dr. SouxEas. Yes, sir.
If r. C.xm. Are you acquainted with, and have you had any asso-
ciation with, any members of the Surgeon General's Adcisor~ Com-
mittee which issued its report in 19641
Dr. Soxnna. Yes, sir. Professor Fieser, organic chemistry, taught
me chemistry in college. I have known him for over 30 years.
Dr. Emanuel Farber and I are friends and belong to a club together,
a scientific club. '
I worked for Dr. Jabob Furth as his executive officer at Delafield
Hospital for fire years, so I saw him every day.
,. Dr. Furth is awonderffiil man. He and Dr. Farber areexperimental
patbologists. Their interest is in animal e:perimental models of dif-
ferent diseases.
I was very impressed with the committee and with the scientific re-
port of the committee in 1964. As a matter of fact, I helped Dr. Furth
to rewrite part of it because being originally Hungarian he bad some
feeling hisnglish wasn't as good as it mi$ht be, but, in fact, it is verr
So I was impressed. Then I read the report and I realized what had
happened. They had simply done a selective recieR of the literature.
They had not invest.igat,ed all aspects. The report simply didn't corer
the entire field, in my opinion. It was a disappointmenf.
Mr. C.>tTuL It was a disappointment i
Dr. SoxxrRS. It was a disappotntment; yea.
Mr. C..:rrx. It was not accurate as you see it, and did not corer all
aspectst
Dr. Souxtias. It is not, sir, that it was inaccurate. It Ras selective
and it, so to speak, .rasn't guite equally Reighted on both sides.
Mr. C.xt~a. It contained manvgaps, then 1
Dr. Soxiruta. Yes, sir; manv aefictencies.
Mr. CNrrcx. I notioed vou mentioned primary ca. of the lung and
also the secondary ca. of t}ie lung.
According to tbe mortslitc tables which I hare, 21.000 people hed
primary ca. of the lung last year, and aecondarf ca. of the lung Ras
about the same.
Secondary ca. of the lung may be due and often is due to problems
from other parts of the bodS, is that not trueT
Dr. Souxr.xs. Yes, sir. In one study, 25 percent of the cases thought
to be primary lung cancer at autopsy turned out to be secondary
carcinoma.
CTR HN 0 14t~~
1096 THIS DOCUMENT SUBJECT TO
(ONFIDENTIAUTY AGREEMENT.
Mr. Catrrr.n. So many of the.ce reported cases.actuallc are meta-
static and come frorrL lesions in other places in the bodc. prostrate.
perhaps, or bone, or stomach 1
Dr. Soxxzxs. That is correct; yes, sir.
Mr. CaaTm. Inhalation of smoke. a¢ain, in experimental animals
has never produced lung ca., is that true!
Dr. Soxxs8s. That is my understandinF.
Mr. Cexrrn. By the .rav, do you know if horses hace emph~sema ?
Dr. Soxxrns. Yes, air.*Horses are a very good ezperimental model
for one form of emphysema.
~1r. C.~rtzs. Do horses amoke 1
Dr. Soxmmta. No, air.
Mr. Cexrm Thank you, sir.
The Gw.a<Y.x. Ms. Pickle t
Mr. Picat.a. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
Dr. Sonuners, I have been impressed with your testimony. You hare
quite a background. You are research director for the Council of To-
bacco Research, but I still must say that you have made some rerT
strong statements that are in contradictton to the majority of the
people who have testified here before this committee.
Do ~ou have any recotnmendations for this committee with tr=~~ect
to th~ problem facing us so far as the course of our le_islative ar.-
proach is ooncerned t
Dr. coxxraes. I would answer you as a physic:an. I beliere that the
pre=Pnt labeling on the cigarette package to the effect that cigarette
smnking mar be hazardous to rnur healtt. n5 the ritnainn now Ftand=.
iF sufficient. lt is about as much as I feel we know in the field of smo's
in and health.
I don't believe that individuals or the Government should eo beyond
srhat is proved in campaigns of any kind in the health field.
I somewhat regret, as a cittzen..that that labeling became a laR
becattse it seemed to me somewhat discriminatory.
From mc own experience in reading. I would have thouglit that
private airplane., would need to be called possibly hazardous to yot:-
health. I read of young businessmen and their families almost every
---
week killed in small plane crashes. biotorcccles
\Ir. Ptcst.z. Doctor, with all due respect. I want to challenge your
stntement. Of course they can be dangerous. But that is not to the poin;
of ottr henrin'-. really, in my opinion.
Dr. SouxcRC. Pardon me, sir.
Mr. Pjcsi.E. Your testimony is that you think the present labelir:
ir ntfficient. This is in strong opposition to the cerr heavy preponder-
anee of evidence submittPd to this oommittee.
CometSmpe. I wonder if we on the committee are cnnfuced. R"hn-r,
do we belierPl Which Ray do.re go4 I.ronder if we should not hace
an investigation of the investigators to try to find some facts of our
own.
Meanwhile. we are faced with the proposition that we are either
going to renew the law that we hare on the books noa, and take no
action, let the FCC probably ban all advertisement, or we are going to
increase the Rarning.
It seems to me that we have such a hearv amount of evidence that
the Rarning should be increased that that is the proper approach.
CT R I'LIN 0 14"r' 4 31
PIS DOCUMENT SUBJECT TO
1097 MHFIDENTIALITY AGREEMENT.
I am a little surprised that you, representutg the Tobacco Council,
would not recommend a stronFer statement if, in fact, it can be shown
that that is a truthful statement.
You question the statement, that if we strengthen it, it would not
be u truthful statement.
Dr. Sosncr.ua. Sir, I am an individual. I am not really a spokesman
for anyone but m self. I am a praCucing pathologist. I am an inces-
tigator in medical~science.
I do not believe it would be justifiable to go further. I. m.:elf.
could not. with intellectual honest , make a statement that cigare:te
smoking is dangerous to your health, and that it may cause cancer and
other diseases.
I think that is misleading, air, and I do not believe it has been
demonstrated.
Mr. Picrtz. Thank vou. \ir. Chairman.
The CxAmx.N. hir. Satter6eld t.
Mr. Sarri:Kyinz. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
Doctor, I notice on page 4 of your statement oou made reference
to figures that have been cited ooncerning ?60,000 people hacing'died
of lung cancer and other diseases.
Are vou familiar with the 800,000 excess deaths figure that the
Surgeon General has used on otasion !
Dr. SoxxERS. Yes. sir; I hare heard that.
Mr. SArrExrtat.n. Do You know, or can you tell us, have you any idea
how thev arrived at that figure!
Dr. SoxicERC. Sir. that is outside mc Seld of competence. I believe
it is derived originally from death certi$cate-c.
This kind of tnformation doesn't lend itself to cer accurate rep~rt-
i.nF of such dise,ases. as other witnesses hare mentioned. That Rould be
my understanding, sir.
Mr. SkrrEPxmw. I ask the question because I am quite intere;ted
in trTing to get an answer. Over 2 weeks ago I a:ked the Sur:~o::
Gen eral to supply that information to us. It hasn't come in yet. I astume lie is either harirtg
toruble reconstructing it or he doe_ rnt
want it subjected to the scrutiny of the Ritnesses we are hearing tiia
Reel:
As a pathologist, Doctor, you have occasion to ezamine lun:= on
autnps., do you'
Dr. 5u]LYER.,. Yes, sir; surgical and autop:7 specimens almos: every
dn v.
1fr. SArrLxrtEi.n. Can you tell the difference between the lttt:_ of a
-
smoker and a nonsmokerf
Dr. SoxatERS. No. sir. \either posslc or microscopicall}, or an%
other wav that I know can I tell the difference.
Mr. SarrExrtt.t.n. Do vou know of anc new factual evidence that has
been developed since 18G4 relating to the hazard of smoking and
heal th !
Dr. SoKYERs. I do not know of any truly new or convincinE evidence
bevond tchat was available SSears ago.
1 have read articles which state that there is nothing new in car-
cinogenises of tobacco. and that verr few people hare applied tne:n-
eelves recently in the field of the statistical proof or disproof.
CTR HIN 014-ir"44
THIS DOCUMENT SUBJECT TO
1098 COdFIDEHTIAUTY AGREEMENT.
So I think the information is about the aame as where we stood 3
yearsago .
Mr. SerrExr~t n. Thank you, Doctor.
The Cxanrtatax. Mr. Ec3chardt?
Dir. EcsaaxnT. Tbank you, bir. Chairman.
Doctor, I notice on page 4 ofyour statement you state that a number
of studies showed no relation of smoking to heart disease, and that
these ought not be ignored.
Can you give me any of those studies t
Dr. $oxat.z:xs. Yes, sir. Aside from the general understanding that
angina pectoris has no relation to cigarette smoking, there have been
reports on twins in Scandana.-ia (Lundman. Acta Jied, Scandi, 1966,
Supp. 455). He used twins in which one member smoked and the other
didn't, and he could find no difference attributable to smoking and
believed that constitutional factors.rere more important.
Mr. EcsxAxaT. With respect to coronary heart disease?
Dr. So>zxcas. Yes, sir.
A study by Johnson. et al., American Journal of Public Health,
1968, found in survivors of the Hiroshima atom bomb explosion that
the proportion of men .rho smoked was smaller in people with cnro-
narr heart disease than the nonsmokers.
There were more nonsmokers in Hiroshima that had coronarv heart
di=ease. -
?kir. EcsxAnnr. These were persons subjected to the bomb ezplosion ?
Dr. SoustsA. Yes. sir. Ther are being studied in a variety of ways.
An article bc Bruhn, et al., Social Science and Medicine, 196S. ~Ie
studied the poliulation of \azareth. Pa. In the men he could determir.e
no effect of smoking on the presence of coronary disease.
Then there is an article by Brown, et al., Journal American Geri-
atrics Society. 1007. t-olume-15. TlieF studied individuals at the \-et-
eran=' Administrntion Hospital in Portland, Oreg.. and they included
both smokers and nonsmokers. These people were chosen because thec
had nhsence of coronarv disease.
There were quite a number of smokers. with manc rear of smoking,
and they showed no evidence of coronarv disease. These are some of the
Ftudies in which there has been no correlation.
Mr. Ecsx.+r.nr. And there are a number of studies that do show a
correlation; is that not correct?
Dr. Svv>ttrs. 1'es, sir.
?tlr. Ect;xAnnr. Do cou have them convenient?
Dr. Soaturr:s. Yes. 7he important ones are Hammond, two studie`,
for the American Cancer Society; Doll and Hill, and their publica-
tions.
Mr. EcsxannT. That was the British Medical Journal?
Dr. Soxxctia. Yes, sir.
Then there is a Canadian study on pension recipients. That is Best
as the senior author. That is iu the -C*nadian Medical Association
Journal in 1965, volume 96.
Then there is a study by Aubry, and others, in the Canadian Journal
of Public Health, 1966. Then there are studies of college students which have been referred
to preriousl~ in the hearings. Thorne et a]., Am. J. Epideniiol., 196S,
volume 87.
