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Council for Tobacco Research

the Tobacco and Health Research Program of the Scientific Advisory Board [Regarding Information the Tobacco Industry Research Committee Do for the Research Program]

Date: 01 Jun 1957
Length: 5 pages
CTRMN003486-CTRMN003490
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Depository Date
25 Sep 1995
Master ID
Ctrmn00000667-6967
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Author
Little, C.C., Tirc
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118
Type
PAMPHLET
Box
003
UCSF Legacy ID
ioq30a00

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0 :) f the _Tobacco and Health Research Program ofche Scientific Advisory Board Tobacco Industry Research Corainittee 150 East 42nd Street • Room 340S New York 17, N. Y. , C`i R' NN 003-46G)
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1 • SC1EN-I7F1C ADVISORY BOARD to the Tobacco Industry Research Committee CLARENCE COOK LTTTI.E, Sc.D.. LL.D., Ltrr.D. Chairnwn. Scientific Advisory Board Scientific Director Tobacco Industry Research Committee Dircctor Emeritus Roscoe B. Jackson Memorial Laboratory Bar Harbor, Maine McKEEN CATFELL, PH.D., M.D. Professor of Pharmacolory Cornell University Medical College New York, N. Y. )UUUS H. COMROE, 1a., M.D. Chainnan ond ProJetror, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Univtrsity of Pennsylvania Graduate School of Medicine Philadelphia. Pennsylvania LEON O. JACOBSON, M.D. Professor oJ Medicine. University of Chicago Director. Argonne Cancer Research Hospital Chicago, Illinois PAUL KOTIN. M.D. Associate Professor oJ Pathology University of Southern California School of Medicine Los An.geles, California KENNETH MERRILL LYNCH. M.D.. Sc.D., LL.D. President. Dean of Faculty and Professor of Pathology Medical College of South Carolina Charleston. South Carolina STANLEY P. REIMANN, M.D., Sc.D. Scientific Director Institute for Cancer Research Director Lankenau Hospital Research Institute Philadelphia. Petuuylvania WILLIAM F. RIENHOFF. 1ti, M.D. Associate Professor of Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland EDWIN B. K'ILSON, PH.D., LL.D. ProJessor Emeritus of Vital Statistics Harvard University Cambridge. Massachusetts ROBERT C. HOCKETT. PH.D. Associate Scientific Director Trte Tobacco Industry Rcscarch Committcc, formed in January. 1954, to sponsor research by indepcndent scientists into tobacco use and health, placed in the hands of a Scicntific Ad- visory Board of nine recognized scientists the development and continuing supervision of a research policy and program. The tomntittec is supporting the program with the hope that it will contribute construc- tively to the search (or answers to fundamental health problems. Specifically, the program is designed to Eain more factual knowledge con- cerning the effects of tobacco use. The initial research fund of SS00,000 cstab- lishcd by the Committee has been periodically increased and in January, 1957, reached $2'00,000. Further funds are assured so that the research program will continue. "The Committee's approach has given the Scientific Advisory Board an unusual, if not tutique, opportunity to foster the widest possible nngee of research by outstanding scientists and doctors under conditions of utmost frcedom," according to Dr. Clarence Cook Little. Chair- man of the Scientific Advisory Board and Scien- tific Director of the Tobacco Industry Research Committee. The Scientific Advisory Board The Board is an autonomous group of nine scientists in the fields of medicine, cancer re- search and education, who retain their connec- tions with their respective institutions. They have assurance of complete freedom in devel- oping and controlling research policy and pro- gram. What Its Functiont Are The Buard determines the scope, policy, and direction of the research program. In regular meetings, it discusses and reviews all applications submitted by independent in- vestigators in the United States for grants-in-aid and decides those to be approved. By mid-1957 about S 1,750,000 have been awarded to inves- tigators through their institutions. 3 I 1465 11 C-tY. ~'1 ~°~ C~~ ~~~ 6'~''
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I L The Board consults Mith medical and scien- tific groups and individuals on mutual problems in advancing health research. The Board may initiate research projects in specific areas of intcrest and request investi- gators to accept grants (or carr)ing out such research. Othrr dNicitie. Special conferences o1 investigators working in the same or similar fields arc sponsored by the Board. These are to re%ticw the status of prescnt knowledge and to discuss problems most in need of study. Scveral meetings have been held with ' patholoFisu, cardiovascular specialists and tissue culture investigaton, and such conferences are being continued. Research fellowships for medical students are offered through the rution's accredited medical colleges to encourage young pcoplc in the field of medical «search. The schools and fellows determine the subjects for research. The Research Progratn Before undertaking to recommend grants, the Scientific Advisory Board laid the foundations on which a series of research projects could be properly developed and coordinated. F"snt was the delineation of the scope of in- terest within which investigations should be sponsored. Second was the organization of a program to assure that necessary invcstigation is supported without unnecessary duplication of work. Alain .Ireat of Inoestigation The outline of interest sets out three main areas of investigation: 1. The physical and chemical composition of tobacco and accompanying products, such as cigarette papers and additives. This cov- ers the preparation, fractionation and analy- sis of tobacco and of added substances. 4 , 1 I 2. Tissue changes in humans as well as in ani- mals. in normal life or under lahoratory con- ditions, subjected to various I,vpcs, duration and intensity of exposure to various tohaccos and dcrivatives, and othcr potcntial irritants. ?issucs of special intcrest arc those of the mouth, lun;s, glands, hcart and othcr organs of subjects of various ages, sex and strains. 3. Smoking and other tobacco usage, and the emotional and physical makeup of smoken: with respect to establishment, duration and intensity of tobacco use, and corrclation of these data with metabolic, glandular and nervous types under various degrces of stress and challenge. Specific Fields of Research The Board developed a coordinated research program designed not only to ascertain facts with respect to the questions raised concerning tobacco use and health, but also to contribute to further understanding of cancer, hezrt disease and other public health problems. The program is intended to produce ciissical and experimental findings oeccssary before valid conclusions can be made regarding possible relationships be- tween tobacco use and human health. Here are the specific fields of research: 1. Direct Application of Tobacco Deritxsti oea Study of animals painted and injected with tobacco derivatives and subjected to inhala- tion of tobacco smoke. ?. Pathologic-.4narontic Studv of flunsan Lungs Crou<ountry study c hurr.an lungs re- moved at autopsy, with special attcntion to the nature and extent of lesions indicating previous disease of the lung tissue. 3. Lung Physiology and rllechanics Study of the effects of dgareue smoke and air pollution on the physiology and me- chanics of respiration. 5 CTR. g 1466 CTR NIIN 00"'146-~` t
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1 C Cardioraiculnr nnd Coronary Research To determine what effects nicotine and other tobacco derivatives have on the heart and circulatory systems. S. Biochemistry and Cytology o f Cancer Study of the changes in the blood, proteins and celLs -.f experimental animals during arcinogenesis. 6. Population and Psychology Studies Long-range follow-up surveys of smoking and other habits, and personal and physio- logical characteristics of members of a tiren population. 7..lnalytical Studies of Tobacco Smoke Analysis of the chemical components of tobacco smoke and study of what happens to them in the respiratory systems of ex- perimental animals. 8. Tobacco and lhe Gastrointestinal Trnct To determine what etfiects tobacco may have on gastric secretion, (hydrochloric acid, pepsin, uropepsin, etc.) and gastric moulity. 9. Tobacco and Oral Tissues Examination of onl, pharyngeal and nasal tisuics of man and experimental animals e.xposed to cigarette smoke. 10. Radiological Diagnosis of Lung Cancer Determination of early signs of lung can- cer by x-ray studies. 11. Tissue Culture Research Development of techniques to grow living lung or cardiovascular tissues under con- ditions which permit direct observation and manipulation. 6 12. Other Research Projects Specifications for mechanical smoking ma- chines. preparation and storage of tobacco derivatives, selection of strains of expcri- mcntal animals. Toliacro lndustry Research Committee The Tobacco Industry Research Committee. is comprised of representatives of six associa- tions of tobacco growers and warehousemcn, one cigarette paper company, and eight tobacco manufacturing companics. Its objectives are to help in the search for the answers to the unknowns concerning the cause or causes of cancer and other major diseases; to support independent medical and scientific research, through gnnts-in-aid, into all phases of tobacco use and health, and to make available to the public factual informa- tion on this subject. How It Operates The Committee delegates responsibility for research program and policy to the Scientific Advisory Board and the Scientific Director. Funds to support grants-in-aid made by the Board are appropriated by the Committee on an annual basis, or as needed. Policy On Grants Rcsearch policy and programming are the responsibility of the Scientific Advisory Board. Each applicant for and recipient of a grant receives a stitement of policy which declares that the Tobacco Industry Research Comminee desires to have scientists work with the greatest freedom and without domination of any kind. The Committee makes no attempt to direct the administration of a project or to influence its course. Grantees are expected to present their re- search findings in accepted medical and scien- tific journals or before accepted medical and scientific bodies. 7 1467 C ~~ , k 1`~1~`~ ~~ ~.~ '14`9
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From a Statement of the Scientific Advisory Board "For the past three years, the Scientific Ad- visory Board has had the matter of tobacco use and human health under continuous «view and considcration. both in the Board's regular meet- ings and in individual endeavors. This is an essential part of our responsibility in guiding a research proFram of grants to independent tci- cntisu working in the fields of ancer, cardio- vascular disease, and other challengers of hu- man survival. "The status of research into lung cancer in- volves differences in concepts about causation. The Scientific Advisory Board questions the ex- istcnce of sufficient definitive evidence to cstab- tish a simple cause and effect relation of the complex problem of lung cancer. "The problem of causation of lung cancer by its very nature presents many variablcs includ- ing age, sex, and other biological facton. The evaluation of these is further complicated by technical and statistical factors. 'The Scientific Advisory Board believes that definitive conclusions or predictions of individ- ual risks are unwarranted by the present state of knowledge in this complex field of lung can- cer causation. "in advising and educating the public, we believe that scientists should be as cautious to- day in accepting a claim that a cause has been found for cancer as they have found it wise to be in the past in accepting a claim of a cure for cancer." C. C. Little CHAIRMAN June 1, 1957 I 1468 0 C TR VIN 00°O49()

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