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j w(2,So Q TGocaYU.1( r~~1- R~to Studies Raise Questions About Smoking As Health Hazard A considerable number of studies by independent scientists raise questions as to whether smoking has actually been shown to be a health hazard, reports The Council for Tobacco Re- search-U. S. A. The Council listed various find- ings (see below) related to lung cancer, bladder cancer, heart dis- ease. emphysema, chronic bron- chitis, ulcer, and pregnancy. These findings were derived from some of the studies financed by The Council during the last 16 years. Certain of the findings pub- lished by the scientists, whose work was supported by the Coun- cil, often have been ignored or overlooked by those who accuse tobacco of being the primary cause of various diseases, The Council said. As of January 1, 1970, the Scientific Advisory board to The Council had awarded more than $16-million in grants to over 240 scientists in 186 medical schools, hospitals and research institu- tions. Grantees have published over 730 reports on their work supported in whole or in part by The Council. Executive director W. T. Hoyt said the Council's research pro- gram is under the direction of a Scientific Advisory Board of 10 distinguished physicians and sci- entists who retain their institu- ional affiliations. They are re- sponsible for approving research projects and awarding grants. The research is done by inde- pendent investigators in their own hospitals, medical schools and research institutions. Dr. Clarence Cook Little, The Council's scientific director and noted geneticist and cancer re- searcher, said, "It is becoming increasingly evident that there are many weaknesses in the epi- demiological and other work some people rely on when they blame cigarette smoking as be- ing the major cause of lung can- cer and other ailments. "The deficiencies of the to- bacco causation hypothesis and the need of much more research are becoming clearer to increas- ing numbers of research scien- tists," he said. "To insist that scientific con- clusions be based firmly on crit- ical and unbiased research is an essential element in the search for truth," he said. Dr. Little, former head of July 1970 what is now the American Can- cer Society, noted that the re- search program developed by the Scientific Advisory Board to The Council is believed to be the largest and most intensive of its kind in the world. Findings based on studies sup- ported by The Council include the following: Lung Cancer 1. Cigarette "tars" instilled directly into the lungs of ani- mals did not produce lung can- cers. 2. Long-term, repetitive in- halation of cigarette smoke by mice has not produced lung can- cer of the human type that has been reported to be associated with smoking. 3. At least five other methods were used in the laboratory to test whether tobacco smoke con- densates were cancer-causing to animals with negative results. 4. Such substances as arsenic, nickel and selenium were pro- posed by some persons as causes of human lung cancer because they were reported to be present in tobacco. Research findings failed to support these proposals. 5. Painting the skins of ani- mals with pipe tobacco and cigar tobacco "tars" produced tumors more rapidly but at about the same final rate as did painting with cigarette "tars." (This is not in harmony with the statis- tical studies reporting a much higher incidence of lung cancer among cigarette smokers than among pipe and cigar smokers, in whom the incidence is virtu- ally the same as in nonsmokers, according to some statistics.) The investigator concluded that the mouse skin system has little resemblance to the human lung as a target organ for tobacco "tar" and that data so derived are not directly applicable to the evaluation of the significance of results obtained by clinical stud- ies. 6. Results of skin painting ex- periments did not agree with the results of painting of other tis- sues of the same animal, such as the uterus or mouth. Further- more, there are enormous differ- enees between species of ani- mals. 7. Injecting cigarette "tars" directly into the bloodstreams of mice did not produce lung can- cers, though injection of some chemicals did. 8. A study of over 4,000 can- cer cases showed that 26% had metastasized, or spread, to the lungs. According to the investi- gator, there is always the possi- bility of confusing tumors that spread to the lung with tumors that originate in the lung. 9. Lung cancer was found to be statistically associated with previous lung ailments. tladdsr Cansor 10. A theory ascribing blad- der cancer in smokers to the al- leged adverse effects of nicotine on the metabolism of tryptophan (an essential amino acid) was investigated in three separate projects. The findings failed to support the theory. Smoking and the Cardiovascular Sysfom 11. Work supported by The Council was mainly responsible for developing accurate methods of measuring blood flow in the arteries that feed the heart mus- cle itself, without incisions or inserting tubes into the heart, etc. By these methods it was shown that nicotine did not cut down blood flow in normal ar- teries that supply the heart, but generally increased it like mild exercise. 12. Nicotine did not speed up hardening of the arteries in ani- mal experiments. 13. Autopsy studies of blood vessels of smokers and nonsmok- ers did not confirm the claim that smoking promotes the hard- ening proeess (arteriosclerosis). 14. Blood flow to the hands and feet was not depressed by smoking. Only the skin flow was affected by smoking whereas the blood fuaw in the deep muscle was increased. (Even the effect of smoking on skin flow is deter- mined by the environmental temperature. Below 23°C room temperature, skin flow is reduced by smoking while above 23°, it is increased.) 15. A six-hour simulated driv- ing test showed that habitual smokers allowed to smoke made fewer errors than did nonsmok- ers. (It has been suggested that carbon monoxide absorbed from cigarette smoke might have a deleterious effect on an auto- mobile driver's reaction time.) Gl}for.ncos Nfi/l..n fsnokors and Nonsmokors Interpretations of statistical studies have assumed that differ- ences in disease or death rates between enwkers and nonsmok- ers are due to smokisxg. These interpretations have ignored the strong possibility that amokers and n.onsrnokers are different kinds of people to begin with. 16. Council-supported studies have shown differences between smokers and nonsmokers in these areas: body build types, person- ality, kinds of careers chosen, taste sensitivity, frequency of job changes, marriages and di- vorces, and the disease histories of their parents. 17. Smokers and nonsmokers were found to have different pre- vailing patterns of brain waves which, according to the investi- gator, probably preceded the adoption of their smoking habits. Emphysoma 18. ACounoil-supported study helped advance the classification of emphysema on the basis of autopsy examination. Methods were developed for determining the presence and extent of em- physema in lungs at autopsy. 19. Emphysema and other chronic pulmonary disorders were shown to have a tendency "to run in families." 20. A hereditary deficiency of a certain lung enzyme (alpha,- antitrypsin) was found to be as- sociated with emphysema. Chronic Bronchitis 21. The normal human lung was found to have no living bac- teria in its lower regions even though bacteria were abundant in the throat, mouth and nose. 22. People with chronic bron- chitis were found to have living bacteria in the deep lung most of the time, even between at- tacks. These bacteria increased when these people had a relapse. 23. Studies of mice showed the females cleared bacteria from the lower lung faster than males. Alcohol, barbiturates, cor- tisone, starvation, and lack of oxygen delayed clearance. Bac- teria in the intestines affected the rate of clearance of the un- related lung bacteria. (Continued on page 7) © I

a y The Wonderful World of Tobacco A pictorial view of a great i+r dustry; the people who make it up; the products which are essential to its vitality; the efforts which are being made to create a favorable public image for the indllstry as a whole. RNiriny From diW John P. Hiphtawor, Mancmor of Mown & Wtllbmmomn Tobecco Corporalioa's Chorbha, N.C., Soloc Dldsiom, io reliriny atMr 29 yoan with the canpony. Ahmr., Mr. Hiqhto.or (righl) mc- emph a wwmosaali.e howi iro. E P. Fiach, Pnnhlent. Wifb them is Auistant Notioeml Sm7oa Monmy.r A. L MaHhows. tiarrington Honored By Interfaith Group From I.H b rriihf, Jouph F. CulOsan 3cd, chmirean of fM bm d and chiof .:.cuH.. alenr of Phiiip Morru Inearpanl.d, and tws R. MDVhisn, ptuid.nt of Philip Monis U.S.A., dic• pas mdol of the prmpoeed $90 siNbn ciinnfte fadory-Ne worid'c laeiesl-lo ba enM.d in Rid..ond, Virminie by the ond of 1973. Winners of L&M Racing Trophy MiUon E. Horrinpton, Pre.ident of Lippmtt & Myan Incorpaeolad, ww hanonnd for his dir finguishod serric. in the Mld of huemo nlat'oam by fhe Tobacm, Caady ond AIlied Industrios Oirisian of the Nnl4onad Cenfenno of Chridianc mud bws. Mr. Harrinpfon (wntor) ocnpfs the {rofh.rhood Awaed from Morris Wointrnub, m nnwber of the Dinnar eoewiHn and Man- mpinp Dirachsr of th. Ciqareae Merchendisxs Acsmcintion and of the Whol.aale Tobaccm Dic- hibofon of Nmw York. Others ahown ma DeH to riphq 1. bwlinp Andenan, Ecncufiw Vic. Pn.sidonf of LiqqeH & My.nr Gonarmt Jasat mnd Sow White, Chmirwon of the onnucl Dinmr read Corporata Vice Presid.nt of L`epyoH i My... Kelley Honored By Indiana U. Alumni Ed O'Connell (ripht), Las Anpeles D.portmenf Mo*ager far LigpeH i My.n Iawrporahd, pro- .enMd the LiM Trophy 1o Mike Lymrly in the LSM Winnmri Cirde .1 1Kwnid. Intmrootioaal Rmcowey for hia Arat plan Inish in the Forsolo I opmnor in the SCCA Continoneni Oaampioo- .hip. Addimp a Iouch of beauty fa the prenenloHon i6 Mia Candy MoAin, the IOwnidm quoen. LRkk CiponMS is the ow(mr apnror ml the 14raa Contin.ntal carin. Mike, of Salee, Or.pon, fa fk. 1970 dofondiny Foreu4o S dwmpieo, ond is Hae addson choin ec repwl this yoor. Scotten, Dillon Tobacco Welcomed To Ohio r E W. KeB6y, pr.sidont of Conadidakd Cipar Corporotion, 4 mmmap the Ont of fiw wmn to Ye nmrned b maebonhip Ln Ike nawly cramMd Acad.ey Mueni Fellore of iM Indianm UnL venlry School of iusineu. AfMndiop fhm iwtalfaffon on (froe lehji Mr. ICmDryr Fe.d tick, pnnid.nt of Hu Indlasw Nalionad Sank. 4ndionmPNicr Jmns W. Comd, Ononciol Ku prni- dont o/ /M Ae.rienn Oil Coanpmny, Chi<opot oml e.bert ). SoeOIin, nlirinp prmsidont o1 the sehumd'c Aluen7 Acwcialion who mwdm the iMroNians. At a apecimi nomlinp in bic dafe houaa offiso, am.encor Jme.c A. lhodea of Ohio (aneer) w.icoe.d Smfho, DFOon Co. /o Ohlo. Ralph Power (ieH), presidant of ScoHOn, Diif>n m nouncad at the weMinp that SwtMn, DiHon wos .nrinp ih Proceuinp piant frow Detrmit /o Gal4lpolic, Ohio. {ob Swermna, Mw presidenA of nanbHinq, oism atbnded the soetinq for Scoftan, DINmn. Slendinp in back mas S/afm RprosmnlmHw Smlph Walker of O®17ipoi6 end Gory Shorf of the aallipolis Cha.bar of Cosnmree. 6 The Retail Tobacconist

Millions Hear Cigars Praised On The "Tonight Show" On a recent night the ten mil- lion viewers of NBC's "Tonight Show" watched a statuesque blonde walk onto their screens. After some opening pleasantries with comedian Bob Newhart. who was subbing as master of ceremonies for vacationing Johnny Carson, the gal went into an articulate dissertation on types and styles of cigars. For the lovely and well-spoken r, • The Gaslight Club's Nancy Wack- tcr strikes an appealing pose toith a new-/ound friend. This eye-catching misr appeared on NBC's "TONIGHT SHOW" on behalf of the Cigar Ineti- tute'a recent selection of leading hat check girls. young lady was Nancy Wachter who, last March 18, was selected as one of the six leading hat- check girls in New York City's leading restaurants by the Cigar Institute of America. In making the awards to Miss Wachter, who is from the famed Gaslight Club, and to the other five young ladies (representing the Bilt- more Hotel, L'Etoile, Sardi's, the Rainbow Room and Le Madrigal) Ted Cott, the Insti- tute's executive director ex- plained that knowledge of cigars was a basic criteria. During the seven minutes in which she appeared on the popu- ular evening show, Miss Wach- ter dwelled on the new shapes and sizes of cigars. She told of the increased use of the product by the young men on the way up and also noted that more women are smoking cigars today. A bonus to Miss Wachter's TV appearance came the following day when Earl Wilson, whose column is syndicated to more than 300 newspapers in the United States, ran her picture and described her as the tall, beautiful Gaslight Club repre- sentative who was "chosen for fame by the Cigar Institute." Cigaretfes' Effect On Health Disputed. .. (Continued from page 5) Ci.arance of Material from th. Lung 24. The overall rate of clear- ance of radioactive tagged dusts from the lungs of rabbits was not affected by smoke inhalation. If mucus flow was slowed down, some other clearance mechanism was apparently speeded up. 25. Animal studies showed that mobilization of macro- phages, so-called scavenger cells in the deeper parts of the lung, was stsmtYated bty sattalce tulnale- tion. These cells dispose of lung debris. uk.r 26. A series of Council-sup- ported studies showed that smoking did not affect the physi- ological and biochemical ma- chinery believed to produce ulcers. Smoking and Prrrpaancy 27. A study of more than 16,000 pregnancies showed that smoking mothers had slightly smaller babies than nonsmoking mothers, but there was no sig- July 1970 nificant difference with respect to the incidence of stillbirths, abnormalities or birth complica- tions. Breast feeding was equally successful in both groups. New Razor Blade Is Introduced On West Coast Face-Guard, a specially de- signed double edge blade 'which reduces nicking and cutting by 80 per cent, has been introduced by the American Safety Razor Company in major West Coast markets. The blade is super chrome stainless steel and is fitted with a specially designed Teflon- coated protective ahield. The shield, which is called Safe-T- Guard, is thermo-bonded to the blade and positions the blade to the face so that it cuts hair- not skin. Face-Guard is being intro- duced in California, Oregon, and Washington, and is being supported in a strong advertis- ing campaign in Look and Life magazines and major West Coast dailies and on network television. If you missed getting your share d Tall N'Slim big sales increases... Comes July, Tall N' Slim will be seen in full color in all the right places: Playboy, Esquire, Sport, Sports Illustrated, Ebony, Popular Mechanics, Mechanix Illustrated and Outdoor Life. With all that advertising pius its own 100mm length, low nicotine and charcoal filter, who knows what can happen to your sales of the fastest-growing little cigar? So order and reorder. Get set for new demands on Tall N Slim, regular and menthol. aNQW ttata TcD.cco tbvmp.ny. 300 w.mt ruMO+w awmu., ®r.+mMch. Cono.cticut 0600. 7