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Howard S. Andervont: An Appreciation MICHAEL B, SH1tY41CNiww1, M.D., Temple University, Health Sciences Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140 t, awakened his interest in biolo,gicail science. Following his gradua- e in 1923, Scott recommended him to Dr. Charles Simon, of the iversity in Baltimore, Maryland. He was Simon's assistant in g his three years of graduate work. ' ins University the degree of Doctor of Science; his thesis was Carnegie Foun of Preventive Iv, ddepartment was Dr. mental in pers'uadi problem: Upon Schereschewsky"s chewsky were publi , assigned from the U.S. Public Health Service, who was instru- 1 of the Public Health Service that cancer was a public -heaith , Andervont became the first professional staff member of tigations. The history of this group and an appreciation of Scheres- ou:t in 1957. Andervont remained with the Public Health Service for the rest of his professi igations at Harvard became part of the National Cancer Institute, created in 1 T......,....-7 P-,....-,,..... ..r rT h d l l 3 ~ d d l l lege in Alliance, Ohio, where he helped support himself by working in steel mills. 898. He had a fortunate, barefooted, stubtoed boyhood. He attended public schools ft Andervont and Catherine Magdalena (:~ue~,a~,~ Andervont, he was born in Canton, ft Andervont, Editor of the Jowrr~~zl of the National C,ancrr 1°~a.rtftrdra, retired in March 1968. reeon co~s~,po~x virus.and vaccinia virus. He remained at,~ohzas Hopkins for aye;~r on a ,lo-c~s:~r~+ and t~.eu accepted an instructorship ivith Dr. M~to.u~'. Rosenau., Professor Harvard University, Boston, ~vCassacia.usetts. One of the members of Roseu.au`s :I~.a Marie Krabill on Scp .) Edie, born in 1930; and John D. one of Andervont's earliest interests. He showed that herpesvirus of maon could be ir~tra,cerek~ral inoculation, and thereby provided the means of `study~ing~ this human interest in vir~cses as related to cancer and the develop..~a.er~t Rous sarcoma virus that infects fowl. He made roduction of viral tu.mors i in viruses as a cause o - relationship ~.~rit~h great skepticism, ize devel c ra.ea, zo. ~ a in 1~3~. Arr. ervoat ~a~o et .es e ogica resea,rc vfZea he relinquished his post as Chief of the Laboratory of Biology the National Canc'er ,Z`rz.rtifrste. arter of a century t scientists regarded tixe existence of such aa iaer 14, 1926. "They have three ch.ildren: elief in the i.nxportanco of studying the viral

4 AN APPUCTA.TxoN t the agent was prevalent .inn low con- centration in wild mice, and to demonstrate passive immunity to the agent in mice. Another line of,cl.o.dervont's investigations had its origin in the early studies by the Harvard group of the induction of cancer in animals by chemical agents, particularly polycyclic hydrocarbons. Andervont pioneered the development of biological methods of studying experimental inductiotxn of cancer with chemi- cals. He continued his interest in the mechanism of chemical carcinogenesis and was among the first to make a systematic investigation of tumors induced in different inbred mouse strains by chemical carcinogens, the inheritance of cancer susceptibility to various agents, and the possible- correlation of i spontaneous and induced tuznors. Andervont's personal research is recorded in his 165 publications. They',h:ave been have had deep influence on can.cer"feseFirchh throughout the wor.ld. They demonstrate approach to a problem, clear faresentatiorn of the results, and conservative interpretations. For 20 years Andervont was also administratively responsible for, and guided the research of, the largest tumors of in tissue culture, me:et of a synthetic tube. Recognition of from his colleagues an ional Cancer Institute, whose work encompassed tissue culture, electron tific societies and of many committees o leukemia virus, ,A.ssociationn for Cancer Research in 1955. iFor 15 years he has been a trustee of The Jackson Laboratory at Bar Harbor, Maine. In 1942, an honorary degree of Doctor of Science was conferred upon him by IN College, his alma mater. In 1961,he received the Distinguished Service Award of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, "for outstanding contributions to research, writing, and counseling in cancer biology and leadership in establishing and guiding the National Cancer Institute's Laboratory of Biology.•' In 1962, he was the recipient of the National Civil Service League Award. Andy, as he is knowon to his many friends, is a raodest man, and fulsome pr He is an individualist, with his own convictions which he practices but does not impose on others. cell biology, tumor virology, and etiology of higixh caliber was accomplished, and -Eddy polyoma virus which belief inn the freedom of science and in the paramount importance of personal ideas in the conduct of research

AN "PRECIATION xv has been the touchstone of his own endeavors and of the endeavors for which he has had administrative responsibility. All of his own reports are based on his own work; the animals he used were the animals he personally raised, examined, and ewaluated. This personal involvement he never delegated to assistants, and the intimate knowledge of his media is evident inn his publications. By the same token, the work of his associates was theirs alone. It would be unthinkable for him to add his name to publications reporting work hich he did not participate. He was free with his counsel when requested; he gave generously of his when appropriate; he assumed responsibilities, when he considered themm worthy. 's relationships -cvith his administrative heads reflected his ways in the laboratory. He was always e, straightfonvard, and, again, modest. His preside.otial address to the American Association for search, published in 1956, demonstrates these qualities in his own words. ome of Andy and Letha was always open to colleagues fro.tnm all over the world, and to their ds from many wvalks of life. The weekly poker parties became traditional from the Boston days, older group will always cherish the New Year's Eve gatherings. ard Bancroft Aridervont is an epitome of a scieo,tist. Andy, may your years be many, a.od may your tribe iacreasel «~

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF HOWARD B. ANDERVONT 1924 .A"ERVcarrT, H. B., cultures of certain spore= 1926 4 crrmation of Guar Hyg 4: 38C--392.. the epithe.lioma coaatagiosum, virus of f irus? Amer J Hyg 6: 618- igin of so-called pellucid areas which develop on agar ors b e injection of , and ArrDra,vo~.YT, H.. B.: The ite blood cells and the plasma. Amer 1927 Arraarsr,voNT, H. B.: On immunity of fowls against the Carrel indol tumor. The susceptibility of fowls and reptiles t Ltcvxs, M. .R., and A.rrnERvoI-TT H. B.: The inactivation o BuZ1:Hopkins Hosp 40: 265-269. The inactivataxan• of the chicken tumor v 41: isswa!.9a. The adsorption of cer s by means of particulate substances. Amer J Hyg 7: 505-513. 1928 is ation of the chicke.n-tumor vit cc+mponn3s. Bull Hopkins Hosp 42. 191mm198. atypical ,herpes by means of calcium SctxErtuscHr.wszcx, J. W., and ANDEPvoxx, H. B.: The action of currents of very h,ighh frequency upon tissue cells; upon a transplantable fowl sarcoma. Public Health Rep 43: 940-945. irus in mice. f Infect Dis 44: 383-393• ic virus for naice. J Infect Dis 45: 366-385. 295--5as-GS- xvxt ~•

i xvnx . MUC.IGRAS'Ht' 1930 AU, M. J.: Vacci,uia: Studies of immunity, reactions and effects of heat. 1932 c ep 47: 1859-1877. 1934 gic studies. Amer 4 The use of pure strain animals in studies on resistance to traasplan,table tu.mors. Public Health Rep 49: 60--65. The production of dibcnzantb.racctae tumors in pure strain mice. Public Health Rep 49: 620-624. 1935 studies on the p:roductionn of dibenzanthracene tumors in pure strain and stock .mice. Public P 50: 1211-].21"7. 1936 The influence of trypan blue uponn the resistance of mice to transplantable and induced tumors. Public Health.Rcp 51: 591-600. Some recent advances in the study of carcinogenic agents. Proc Mayo Clin 11: 812- 815. "I'he reactionn of zmi.ce and of various mouse tumors to injection of bacterial products. Amer J Cancer 27: 77-93. ,A.rrr,ERvorrx, H. B., and SEmAr, M. J.: Production of S.bwart2mara reaction inn rabbits with purified frac- tion of B. coli in"tltratc. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 34: 673-675. LoRExz, E, and ArrrERvott-, x, H. B.: Note on the preparation of dispersions of carcinogenic hydrocarbons in serum. Amer J Cancer 26: 783-"786. Snr.AR, M. J., and .A.Nzm-RVoNx, H. B.: Chemical treatment of tuanors, III. Separation of hemorrhage- producing fraction of B. cali filtrate. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 34: 323-325. 1937 tumors in mice. T. The susceptibility of the lungs of albino mice to the p 52: Zu-•,Zz.t. .,

H2BLSOGRAPHY e influence of 1 anthracene solution. Public Health Rep 52: 304-315. 111. The serial transmission of induced lung tumors, Public Health Rep 52: 347-355. IV. Lung tumors induced by subcutaneous injectioun of 1,2,5,6-dibenzantliracene in diffierent media and by its direct contact with lung tissue. Public Health Rep 52: 1584-158.9. The use of pure strain animals in studies on natural resistance to transplantable tumors. Public Health Rep 52:1885~1895. Studies pertaining.to the appearance of lung tumors in mice injected with 1,,2,5,d-c].ibeuzanxhracene. In Some Fundamental,Aspects of the Cincer Problem, New York, Science Press, pp 62-66. Astrat:RvoNx, H. B., and LonxN.z, E.: Dibenzantlxracene tumors in mice. The production of subcutaneous and pulmonary tumors by 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene adsorbed on charcoai. Public Health Rep 52: 193.f•° 1,94q. Dibenzanthracene tumors in mice, The production of subcutaneous, pulmonary, and liver tumors by serum dispersions and lard solutions. Public Health Rep 52: 637-647. --~ and Iv,fcELFNuy, W. J.: ,lttcidence of spontaneous tumors in a colony of strain C3H mice. Public Healtb Re S2: 77 2-78n ~ . . - and 6TEwAxT, H. L.: Adenomatous lesions t 1938 , H. B.: Thc production of tumors in mice bf strains C3H and Y by di.bcnzantlaxacene and ru.etb,ylch.olantfirene. Public Health Rep 53: 229-232. Pulmonary tumors in tuice. V. Further studies on the influence of heredity upottn spontaneous and . induced lung tumors. Public Health Rep 53: 232-237. Susceptibility of mice to spontaneous, induced, and transplantable tu.m.ors. A comparative study of eight strains. Public Health Rep 53: 1G47--].cS65. The incidence of induced subcutaneous and pulmonary tumors and spontaneous mammary tumors in hybrid mice. Public Health..Rep 53: 1665-1671. ,f. Carcinogenic substances in the production of tumors in laboratory a.uimals. 11. The effect of bacteria products on the growth of malignant tumors, Xn Symposium on Cancer. Madison, Wis.,'Univ Wisconsin Press, pp 54-66; i.52-].58. ~ and McELErrEx, W. J.: The influence of n ing and foster nursing upon the occurrence of spontaneous breast tumors in strain C3H ra.ice. Public Health Rep 53: 777-783. STEWART, H. L., and A.N.D,aRvorrx, H. B.: Pathologic observations on the adenornatous lesions of the stomach in mice of strain I. Arch Path (Chicago) 26:1009~w1q22. 1939 Ar•rnERvoNT, H. B.: The occurrence of spontaneous and induced pulmonary and liver tumors in strain C3H :m.ice. Public Health Rep 54: 1].58--1159. Pulmonary tumors in .mice. VS. Time of appearance of tumors induced in strain A mice following injection of 1,2,S,6-dibenzanthracene and 20-methylcholanthrene. Public Health Rep 54: 1512- 1519. VII, Further studies on the serial transmission of lung tumors occurring in inbred mice. Public Health Re p 54: 1519-1524. VILT. The induction of pulmonary tuznors in mice of strains D, M, and C57 brown, and C57 black by 1,2,S,1"rdibenzanthracette. Public Health Rep 54: i.524--1529. IX. The inductiou, of pulmonary tumors in strain A mice by injection of 2-aznino-5-azotoluene or ,3,4,5,6-dibenzcarbazole. Public Health Rep 54: i,52.q-7.S33. !M.

XX BIBLTpGI:,Ak'Hl' Development and genetic characteristics of the adenomatous stomach lesion in strain I mice. Public Health Rep 54: 1851-1855. The susceptibility of fa°re inbred strains of mice to liver changes induced by subcutaneous injection of 2-aanio.o-5-azoto.luene. Public Health Rep 54: 1986-1991. Studies on some possible causative factors of the spontaneous adenomatous lesion of the stomach in in I. Public Health Rep 54: 2085-2093. AmErtvorT, 1-I. B., and McExxxxy,1~~r. J. : The influence of foster nursing upon the incidence of spon- taneous breast cancer in strain C3H mice. Public Health Rep 54:1597-16C13. ~ and Sxzr.a:xzrr, M. B.: The effect of ascorbic acid upon the hemorrhage produced by bacterial filtrate nsplanted tumors. Amer JCancer 36: 451-459. FuNsa, A. E., and A,,mFRvoxT, H. B.:Relatio.u between latent period and growth rate in ly induced tumors. Proc Soc Exp Bio1 Med 42: 374-377. , and Atra)Ea,voWx•, H. B.: Effect of testosterone ptopionate on development and growth in female mice. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 40: 421--422. r, H. B.: Factors influencing carcinogenesis with methyXchcrlanthrene. ing. Public Health Rep 54: 2080--2085. 1940 Arri)r,a.voNx, H. B. : Further studies on the susceptibility of hybrid'mice to induced and spontaneous tumors. J Nat Cancer Inst 1: 135-145. The influence of foster nursing upon the incidence of spontaneous mamttr,ary cancer in resistant and susceptible :mice. J Nat Cancer Inst 1: 147-153. Effect of colchicine and bacterial products upoon transplantable and spontaneous tumors in mice. J Nat Cancer Inst ],: 361-366. The genetics of lung cancer ~ and Snzmxirr, M. B.: Biologic testing J Nat Cancer Inst 1: 225-239. induction technique. Tumors in mice injected vritbh colloidal thorium. dioxide. JNat Cancer last 1: 349-•-353. Lo~:.~.~rz, E., and ANDERvoxx, H. B.: Incidence of induced pulmonary tumors ion susceptible mice raised ion dust-free air. Arch Path (Chicago) 29: 484-493. Snzmmrr, M. B., and AN.:oF.PvwNx, H. B.: Comparative carcinogen.icity of three carcinogenic hydrocarbons. J Nat Cancer Inst ].: 57-62. Factors influencing carcinogenesis with methyXchoi.arzt Rep 55: 537-545. 111. The effect of soZvettts. Public Health ANor,a.vOrrx, H. B.: Spontaneous tumors in a subline of strain C311 mice. JNat Cancer Inst 1: 737-744. 7"he influence o:Ehybridizatiorx upon the natural resistance o.E:m.ice to the progressive growth of sarcoma 37. J Nat Cancer Inst 2: 1-6. The influence of the paternal parent tu.mors. JNat Cancer lust 2: 7- Effect of ingestion of strai ry of different ages. J Nat Cancer Inst 2: 1.3-16. Note on the transfer of the strain C311 m.ilk influence through successive generations of strain C mice. J Nat Cancer Inst 2: 307-308. ~ and Enw.nRDs, J. E,: Hepatic changes and subcutaneous and pulmonary tumors induced by subcu- taneous injection of 3A5,6-dibe.nzcarbazole. J Nat Cancer Inst 2: 139-149. 14 •

ArrAERvorvx, H. B., and Snxmrtzrr, M. B.: Intrs.pal.xra,anary transplantation of the adezxomato.rs gastric lesion of strain Imice. J Nat Cancer Tnst 2: 151-155. GaZaXsxF,z~,rJ'P., JErrzzBxxE, W. V., MzuER, C`r. B., and AN.oEa,voNx, H. B.: The relative enzymatic activi ty of certain mouse tu,tnors and normal control tissues. JNat Cancer Inst 2: 293-299. S:axrarm, M. B., and Arr:oRa,VoNx, H. i3.: Effect of foster nursing on the response oF.m.ice to estrogens. J~,~at Cancer Inst 1: 599-605. GRADY, H. G., and ANDFaVoNx,.H. B.: Induction of testicular tumors and other effects o£stilbestrol- cholesterol pellets in strain C mice. J Nat Cancer Inst 2: 65-80. ArrDEa.vnzax, H. B.: Recent trends in cancer researc - and SIMAa., M. J.: P,taductican of tumors in mice following the removal of xnethylcia.olanthx cholesterol pellets. J Nat Cancer Inst 2: 333-334. ~, GxnxaY, H. G., and EDwn.RDs, J. F. : Induction of hepatic lesio and herna:cgioen:dc+thelio:rnas in mice with a-azra'incaaxrrtoluene. -, Sxxmrzw, M. B., and BRMxAzr, W. R. :Techniciue suitable for quant Nat Cancer Inst 3: 309-318. omas, pulmonary tumors, Inst 3: 131-153. studies on the mammary Ba.x'Ax, W. R., KAHt.EP., H., SHmtczrr, M. B., and ANDFa.voNx, H. B.::Extraction and ultracentrifuga of mammary tumor inciter of mice. JNat Cancer Inst 2: 451-455. Etrv,rn:atrs, J. E., ArrDFa.voNx, H. B., and DAr,xoN, A.J. : A transplantable malignant of the liver in the mouse. J Nat Cancer Inst 2: 479-490. -, DaLxoN, A. J., and ANDFa.vorrr, H. B.: Pathology of a transplantable spontaneous hepa ' COrtr.cuse. JNat Cancer Inst 2: 555-5G3. , J. P., and ANim-avoNx, H. H. : The liver catalase activity of tumor-bearing mice and the effect , Arr:bna.voNx, regression and of removal of certain tumors, JNat Cancer Inst 2: 345-355. animals. J Nat Ca SmmrcxN, M. B., and ANDERVONT, H. tumors in mice injected wit f r-bearin ;1 ArrDEa,Varrx, H. B.: Influence of hybridization upon the occurrence of mammary tumors in .txi.ice. J Nat Cancer Jt<st 3: 359-365. ~-- and EDwARDs, ,J. E. :Carcinogenic action of two azo compounds in xraice.l' Nat Cancer Itr.st 3: 349-354. Response of strain A female mice to small amounts of a-ana.inoazotoiueue. J Nat Cancer Inst 3: 355-358. DALTON, A. ,)"., EDWARDS, J. E., and ANr)ERvorir, H. B.: A spontaneous, transplantable, adrenal cortical in a strain C mouse. J Nat Cancer Inst 4: 329-338. xrsxszrr, J. P., and Azwri)ERVorrx, H. B.: Note on the liver catalase activity of pregnant mice and o#'.mice bearing growing embryonic implants. J Nat Cancer Inst 4: 283-284. WHxxE, J., and AismEa.voXx, H. B.: Effect of a diet relatively ]ow in cystine on the production of spontaneous mammary-gland tumors in strain C3i-I female znice. J Nat Cancer Inst 3: 449-451. 1944 11 ANnavvoNx, H. B.: Influence of environment on zn.aaa.rta.ary cancer in mice J Nat Cancer Inst 4: 579-581. and WHxmF,,J. : Comparative enzymatic activity of transplanted , and fetal liver. JNat Cancer Inst 3: 7 W.: Kidney and blood catalase activity .,

Mt.,tOGRAPHY carcinogenicity of solvents consisting essentially of methylated napht ricted report to Interdepartmental Pest Control Committee, Bureau of En and Plant Quarantine. Washington, D.C., U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1949 ANrarntv'mrr, H. B.: The incidence of mammary tumors in mice of strain C3H and in descendants of fostered strain C. J Nat Cancer Inst 1p:193--20C1. Studies on the disappearance of the mammary-tumor agent in mice of strains C3H and C. J Nat Cancer Inst 10: 201-214. Spontaneous lesion of st cer Inst 10: 405-406, atory The present status of the ma Twentieth Commemoration. 1950 . Irz Roscoe B. Jackson Memori at Harbor Times. b Induction of ktemangioendotheliomas and sarcomas in mice with a-arn.inoazotoluene, J Nat Cancer Xnst 10: 927-941. Attempt to detect a mammary tum.or•agcrit in strain C mice by estrogenic stimulation. J;Nat Cancer Lnst 11: 73-81. Studies on the infectivity of the mouse mammary tumor agen.t. J Nat Cancer Inst 11: 545-553. Studies on the occurrence of spontaneous hepatomas in mice of strains C3H and CBA. J Nat Cancer last 11: 581-592. - and DtNr,r, T. B.: Response of mammary-tumor-agent-free strain dba female mice to percutaneous application of ineth.ylcholanthrene. J Nat Cancer Inst 10: 89.5-925, Attempt to detect a.m.ammary tumor-agent in strain C mice by X-radiation. a Nat Cancer Inst 10: 1157-hK 1951 AN;osxvorrr, H. B.: The relationship of viruses tc:] neoplastic disease. Ira Trans International and Fourth American Congress of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Amer JObstet Gynec 5upp1 61A; 69-72. 1952 Biological studies on the mammary tumor inciter in mice. Ann NY Acad Sci 54: 1004-1011. ~ and DrxrrN, T. B.: Transplantation of spontaneous and induced hepatomas in inbred mice. J Nat Cancer Inst 13 : 455--5Q3. Hoxrr, H. A., CowwnoN, C. C, EscnFNBzuarrrr an, A. B., AxD::Rvorrx, H. &, and STEWeRx, H. L. : Pulmonary adenomatosis in mice. j Nat Cancer Inst 12: 1297-1315. 1953 ANr)uRvoNT, H. B., and Du-,,,N, T. B.: Influences of heredity and the mammary tumor agent on the occur- rence of mammary tumors in hybrid ;m.ice. J Nat Cancer Inst 14: 317-327. Responses of strain DBAf/2 mice, Nvithout the mammary tumor agent, to oral administration of inethylcholanthrene. J Nat Cancwr Inst 14: 329-339. M,

XXrV BTBLZOCiRAPH"S• 1955 ogical background for experimental work on tumors. Canadian Cancer Conference, ork, Academic Press Inc., pp 2-24. h. Xta Fifth Yearbook for Cancer Research a,zad Fight Against Cancer in rlands. Amsterdam, J. H. De Bussy, pp 191-201. . B.: Transplantation of hei.~,ato.t,:a.as in .m.ice, j Nat Cancer Inst (suppl) 15: 1513-1524. 1956 Ai,rorIRvaNx, H. 13.: Problems before the A.ssociatio.tx, Canc6r Res 16: 471-478. ~ and DrrNrr, T. B.: Studies of the mammary tumor agent carried by wild house Cancr 12, : 530-543. ~ and Er)GcoturB, J. 1=i'.. c Responses of s~veri inbred strains of mice to percutaneuus applications of 3-ztr.eth.ylektolat<.threne. j Nat Cancer Inst 17: 481-495. BAZrG, F. B., Arr.tyeRvorrx, :E3.1~3,, and VsLLxsTo, L:Electron microscopic evidence concerning the mammary tumor izzeiter (virus). IT. An electron microscopic study of slaontatteous and induced mammary tumors of mice. Bull Hopkins Hosp 98: 287-307. 1957 Aa,mr,Rvorrr, H. B.: J. W. Schereschewsky: An appr General summary of Conference on Subcellular Particles in the Neoplastic 655. nal, and age factors in susceptibility and resistance to tumor-i y of Con:fereraee;oF Immunology and Cancer. Ann NY Acad Sei 69: 848-855. and Cnr,rT.aR, H. Y.: Effect of discontinued estrogenic stimulation upon tlxecieveloir of testicular tumors in mice. j Nat Cancer Inst 18: 1-39. 1958 estrogen-in H-4-Nnr.xoN, J. B., Hor,r.nx-rDEx, °rying the milk agent for ice with 4-a-tolylazo-a-toluidine and carbon of agent-free inbred mice and their Fx hybrids to t 2.1: 783-811. Cancer Inst 20: 409-415. e., on the increased rate of nail growth in AmERvoNT, H. 5.:17isappearance of the mammary tumor agent from RIII mice. Acta. Un Int Cancr 15 : 124-127. Problems t.o:neerni Academic Pres In The Viruses (Stanley and Burnet, eds), vol 3. New York, osium on Fundamental ,•