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/ -P"' 1- ~_, -, William U(llman) Gardner 8orn-Kinbrne, Minnesota (U.S.A.) Nov. 11, 1907 Parencs Jemmes A. Gardner b Josephine Ullman 'Gardner Wife Katherine Homsley, July 15, 1934 Degrees. South Dakota State College. B.S. 1930 University of Missouri MA 1931 University of, Missouri Ph.D. 1933 Yale University (honotary) MA 1943 South Dakota State College (honorary) D.Sc. 1960 Ulniversity of' Perugia (honorary) Dr. of Medicine & Surgery (Italy) - 1969 Academic Appointments National Research Council Fe11ow (Dept. Anatomy, Yale University) 1933-35 Research Assistant (instructor) " " 1935-37 Research Assistant (ass. professor) " " 1937-38 Research Asaociate (assoc. professor) n m 1938-1941 Associate Pirofessor m m 1941-43 Professor atlnd Chm. Dept. Anat. a u 1943-67 6. K. Hunt Professor of Anatomy u n 1958- Advisory Functions and Committees Sec. and Treas. Am. Assbc. Cancer Research 1942-45 President 1946-47 Vice president, International Union Against Cancer (UICC) 1949-50 ' Chairman, Committee on Fellowships (UICC) 1960-66 Chairman, Ctlmmittee on Pellowships & Personnel Exchange-(UICC) 19E6-70 President-elect (UICC) 1968-70

President UICC 1970-74 President Am. Association Anatomists, 1972-73 Member, Committee on Fe).lowship. National Research Counsel (NRC) 1945-52 of " on Naval Medical Research (NRC) 1962-1966 Member Board Scientific Advisors Jane Coffin Childs Memorial Fund 1953- Scientific Advisor Anna Fuller Fund 1953 Chairman. Teaching Institute, Anatomy and Anthropology, Assoc. American Med. Colleges 1954-56 Member. National Advisory Cancer Counsel. USPHS 1948-54 of Board of Scientific Counselors Nat. Cancer Inst. 1962-64 " Board of Governors, Eleanor Roosevelt Cancer Foundation 1962-66 Member. Committee, Sci. Personnel for Resesrch. Amerii¢an Cancer Society 1962-68 Member. Committee on Anatomy, National Board of MedicAl Examiner (1958-62) Associate Editor Cancer Research, 1931-1959 Anatomical Record 1940-1968 Excerpta Medica - Cancer 1946 Anatomy Anthropology & Histology 1946- Memberships American Association of Anatomists. Am. Association for Cancer Research. Society of Experimental Biology and Medicine. The Endocrine Society. Society for the Study of Development and Growth. New York Academy of Science.

Bibliography W. U. Gardner 1. Turner, C. W., emd Gardner, W. U. 1931. The relation of the anterior pituitary hormones to the development and secretion of the mammary gland. Mo. Agr. Exper. Sta. Res. Bull., 158. 2. Turner, C. W., Frank, A. H., Gardner, W. U., Schultz, A. B., and Gomez, E. T. 1932. The effect of theelin and theelol on the growth of the mammary gland. Anat. Rec., 53: 227-234. 3. Turner, C. W., Gardner, W. U., and Schultz, A. B. 1932. The relation of the anterior pituitary to lactation. Report of Amer. Soc. of Animal Production, Jan. 4. Gardner, V. U., and Turner, C. W. 1933. Functional development of the mammary gland. Abst. 26th Annual Meeting of Amhr. Dairy Soc. Acco., Urbana, June. 5. Gardner, W. U., and Turner, C. W. 1933. The function, assay and prepara- tion of galactin, a lactation stimulating hormone of the anterior pituitary and an investigation of the factors respon- sible for the control of normal lactation. Mo. Agr. Exper. Station, Res. Bull., 196. 6. Allen, E., Gardner, W. U., and Diddle, A. W. 1934. Experiments with 6eelin and galactin in monkeys. Anat. Rec., 58: 45. 7. Gardner, W. U., Diddle, A. W., Allen, E., and Strong, L. C. 1934. The effect of theelin on the mammary rudiments of male mice differing in susceptibility to tumor development. 60: 457-475. Anat. Rec., 8. Gardner, W. U., Allen, E., Strong, L. C., and Diddle, A. W. 1934. Theelin induced growth in mammary rudiments of male mice from normal and inbred cancer strains. Proc. Amer. Assoc. Anat., Anat. Rac., 58: 65 (Abst,). 9. Allen, E., Gardner, W. U., and Diddle, A. W. 1935. Experiments with theelin and galactin on growth and function of the mammary glands of the monkey. Endocrinology, 19: 305-313. 10. Gardner, W. U., and Hill, R. T. 1935. Persistence of pituitary grafts ih the testis of the mouse. Proc. Soc. Exper. $iol. and Mhd., 32: 1382-1384. 11. Gardner, W. U., Gomez, E. T., and Turner, C. W. 1935. Further studies of the effects of the estrogenic and galactopoietic hormones u on the mammary glands of the rabbit. Am. J. Physiol., 1~2: 673-683.

I -2- 12. Gardner, W. U., and Strong, L, C. 1935. The normal devalppment of the mammary gland of vir in susceptibility to 25: 282-290. gin fem sponta ale mice of ten strains varying neous neoplasma. Am. J. Cancer, 13. Allen, E., Diddle, A. W., Strong, L. C., Burford, T. H., attd Gardner, W. U. 1935. The oesirous cycles of mice during gfrovth of spontane- ous mammary tumors and the effects of ovatian f ollicular and anterior pituitary hormones. Am. J. Cancer, 25: 291-300. 14. Gardner, V. U. 1935. The effect of ovarian hormones and ovarian grafts upon the mammaxy glands of male mice. Endocrinology, 29: 656-667. 15. Gardner, 4f. U. 1935. Pelvic changes occurring in male mice receiving large amounts of folliculin benzoate. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 33: 104-105. 16. Gardner, W. U., Smith, G. H., and Strong, L. C. 1935. The stimulation of abnormal mammary growth by large amounts of estrogenic hormone. Proc. Soc. Exptr. Biol. and Med., 33: 148-150. 17. Gardner, W. U. 1935. The effect o! estrogenic hormones on the pelvis of the mouse. Anit. Rec., 64: 54. (Abst.). 18. Gardner, W. U., Smith, G. H., Allen, E., and Strong, L. C. 1936. Cancer of the mammary glands in male mice receiving estrogenic hormone. Arch. Path., 21s 265-272. 19. Gardner, W. U., Strong, L. C., and Smith, G. M. 1936. An observation of primary tumors of the pituitaiy, ovaries and mammary glands in one mouse. Am. J. Cancer, 26: 341-346. 20. Gardner, W. U., Smitl:, G. M., Strong, L. C., and Allen, E. 1936. Develap- ment of sarcoma in male mice receiving estrogenic hormones. Arch. Path., 21: 504-508. 21. Hill, R. T., and Gardner, W. U. 1936. Function of pituitary grafts. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 34: 78-79. 22. Gardner, W. U., Allen, E., and Strong, L. C. 1936. Atypical uterine and vaginal changes in mice receiving large amounts of estrogenic hornrone. Anat. Rec., 64: 17 (Abst.). 23. Hill, R. T., and Gardner, W. U. 1936. The maintenance of accessory organs bj ovarian grafts in castrate male mice. A:tiat. Rec., 64: 21, (Abst.). 24. Gardner, W. U. 1936. Sexual dimorphism of the pelvis of the mouse, the effect of estrogenic hormones upon the pelvis and upon the development of scrotal hernias. Am. J. Anat., 59: 459-483.

-3- 25. Strong, L. C., Smith, G. N., and Gardner, W. U. 1936. Apparition anormale'd'un epithelioma do 1' anus chez une souris du race pure (souche F). Bull. d. Cancer (France) 25: 1-9. 26. Gardner, W. U., and Hill, R. T. 1936. Effect of progestin upon the mammary glands of the mouse. Froc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 34: 718-720. 27. Gardner, W. U., Smith, G. M., Strong, L. C., and Allen, E. 1936. Experimental production of malignant growths in nice by estrogenic chemicals. J.A.M.A., 107: 656-657. 28. Allen, E., Diddle, A. W., Burford, T. H., and Gardner, W. U. 1936. Ovarian hormone threshold for experimental menstruation in monkeys. Am. J. Physiol., 117: 381-392. 29. Gardner, W. U. 1936. Interstitial cell hypertrophy in the testes of mice receiving estrogenic hormones. Anat. Rec., 67: 40 (Abst.). 30. Allen, E., Smith, G. M., and Gardner, W. U. 1936. Accentuation of the growth effect of theelin on genital tissues by arrest of mitosis with colchicine. Anat. Rec., 67: 49 (Abst.). 31. Allen, E., Smith, G. M., and Gardner, W. U. 1937. Accentuation of the growth effect of theelin on genital tissues by arrest of mitosis with colchicine. Amer. J. Anat., 61: 321-341. 32. Strong, L. C., Gardner, W. U., and Hill, R. T. 1937. Production of estrogenic hormone by a ttansplantable ovarian carcinoma Endocrinology, 21: 268-272. 33. Allen, E., Smith, G. M., and Gardner, R'. U. 1937. A short test for ovarian follicular hormone and other estrogens. Endocirn- ology, 21: 412-413. 34. Gardner, W. U. 1937. Influence of estrogenic hormones on abnormal growths. "Some fundamental aspects of the cancer problem." 0cc. Publ. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci., 4: 67-75. 35. Gomea, E. T., Turner, C. W., Gardner, W. U., and Hill, R. T. 1937. Oestrogenic treatment of hypophysectomized male mice. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 36: 287-290. 36. Gardner, W. U. 1937. Hypertrophy of interstitial cells in the testes of mice receiving estrogenic hormones. •Anat. Rec., 68: 339-347. 37. Allen, E., Smith, G. M., and Gardner, W. U. 1937. Accentuation of the growth effect of theelin on genital tissues of the ovariec- tomixed mouse by arrest of mitosis with colchicine. Am. J. Anat., 61: 321-341.

-4- 38. Gardner, W. U., and Allen, E. 1937.- Some effects of estrogens on the uterus of the mouse. Endocrinology, 21: 721-730. 39. Weinstein, L., Gardner, W. U., and Allen, E. 1937. Bacteriology of the uterus with special reference to estrogenic hormones and the problem of pycmetra. Proc. Sdc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 37: 391-393. 40. Hamilton, J. B., and Gardner, W. U. 1937. Effects in female young born of pregnant rats injected with androgen. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 37: 570-572.' 41. A11en, E., Smith, G. M., and Gardner, V. U. 1937. Growth of the ovaries and genital tract in response to laormones as studied by the colchicine technique. Anat. Rec., 67: 223 (Abst.). .42. Gardner, W. U., and Pfeiffer, C. A. 1938. Skeletal changes in mice receiving estrogens. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 31: 678-679. 43. Gardner, V. U., and van Wap.enen. G. 1938. Experimental development of the mammary gland of the monkey. Endocrinology, 22: 164-172. 44. 8 trong, L. C., Smith, C. M., and Gardner, W. U. 1930. Induction of tumors by 3:4:5:6-dibenzcarbazole in male mice of the CBA strain, which developes spontaneous hepatoma. Yale J. Biol. and Med., 10: 335-346. i 45. Gardner, V. U., and van Wagenen, G. 1938. The influence of estrogens upon the mammary glands of monkeys. Anat. Rec., 70: 29 (Abst.). 46. Kirschbaum, A., Lits, F. J., Strong, L. C., and Gardner, W. U. 1938. Studies on the lymphocytes of normal and leukemic mice. Anat. Rec., 70: 46 (Abst.). 47. Leblond, C. P., and Gardner, W. U. 1938. Comparison do la zone X et des autres parties de la surrenale de la souris, a 1'aide du nitrate d'argent. Compt. rend. Soc. de Biol., 127s 775. 48. Gardner, W. U., Allen, E., Smith, G. M., and Strong, L. C. 1938. Carcinoma of the cervix of mice receiving estrogens. J.A.M.A., 110: 1182-1183. 49. Gardner, W. U., and Pfeiffer, C. A. 1938. Inhibition of estrogenic effects on the skeleton by testosterone injections. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 38: 599-602. 50. Lawrence, J. H., and Gardner, V. U. 1938. A transmissible leukemia in the "A" strain of mice. Am. J. Cancer, 33: 112-119. 51. Leblond, C. P., and Gardner, V. U. 1938. Distribution of vitamin C in the adrenal gland of the mouse with reference to the nature of the X zone. Anat. Rec., 72: 119-129.

-5- 52. Pfeiffer, C. A., and Gardner, W. U. 1938. Skeletal changes and blood serum cslcium level in pigeons receiving estrogens. Endocrinology, 23: 485-491. 53 Hill, R. T., Pfeiffer, C. A., and Gardner, W. U. L. C. Strong 1938. . , , Genetic and endocrine studies on a transplantable carcinoma of the ovary. Genetics, 23: 585-595. 54. Pfeiffer, C. A., and Gardner, W. U. 1938. Effects of estrogen and estrogen plus an'_rogens upen the ceftes and gonaducts of adult male pigeons. Anat. Rec., 72: 59 (Abst.). 55. Smith, P. K., and Gardner, W. U. 1939. A note on the lack of carcinogenic action of some cardiac glucosides and saponins. Biol. and Med., 11: 187-188. Yale J. 56. Gardner, W. U. 1939. Estrogens in carcinogenesis. Arch. Path., 27: 138-170. 57. Allen, 9:., Hisaw, F. L., and Gardner, W. U. 1939. The endocrine functions of the ovaries. Chap. VIII in Sex and Internal Secretions (edited by Allen, Danforth and Doisy) Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore. 58. Gardner, W. U., and Pfeiffer, C. A. 1939. Sex hormones and bone changes 59. in mice. Anat. Rec., 73: 21 (Abst.). Landauer, W., Pfeiffer, C. A., Gardner, W. U., and Man, E. B. 1939 0. Hypercalcification, - calcemia and - lipemia in chickens following administration of estrogens. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 41: 80-82. van Heuberawyn, J., Folley, S. J., and Gardner, W. U. 1939. Mammary growth 61. in male mice receiving androgens, estrogens and desoxycortico- sterone. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 41: 389-392. van Heuverswyn, J., Collins, V. J., Williams, W. L., and Gardner, W. U. 1939. 62. The progesterone-like activity of desoxycorticosterone. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 41: 552-554. Gardner, W. U., and Allen, E. Uterine reactions to long-continued hormone injections. Proc. Third International Cancer Congress, p. 158 (Abst.). 63. Kirschbaum, A., Pfeiffer, C. A., van Heuverewyn, V., and Gardner, V. U. , 1939. Studies on gonad-hypophyseal relationship and cyclic osceous changes in the English sparrow, Passer domesticus. L. Anat. Rec., 75: 249-263. 64. Gardner, W. U., and Allen E. 1939. Malignant and non-malignant uterine and vaginal lesions in mice receiving estrogens and estrogens and androgens simultaneously. Yale J. Biol. and Med., 12: 213-234.

-6- 65. Gardner,W. U., Strong, L. C., and Smith, G. M. 1939. The mammary O glands of mature female nice of strains varying in suscepti- bility to spontaneous tumor development. Am. J. Cancer, 37: 510-517. 66. Wentworth, J. M., Smith, P. R., and Gardner, W. U. 1940. The composition of bot:es of mice receiving estrogens and androgens. Endocxinology, 26: 61-67. 67. Gardner, W. U., Kixschbaum, A. and Strong, L. C. 1940. Lymphoid in mice receiving estrogens. Arch. Path., 29: 1-7. tumors 68. Gardner, V. U. 1940. Modifications of bones of animals receiving sex hormones. Anat. Rec., 76: 22-23 (Abst.). 69. Gardner, V. U., and van Heuverawyn, J. 1940. Inhibition of pelvic changes occuring during ptegnancy in mice by testosterone propionate. Endocrinology, 26: 833-836. . 70. Kirschbaum, A., Gardner, W. U., Nahigian, R., and Strong, L. C. 1940. Differentiation between sarcomatous and leukemic lymphocytes in mice. Yale J. Biol. and Med., 12: 473-482. 71. Pfeiffer, C. A., Emmel, V. M., and Gardner, W. U. 1940. Renal hypertrophy in mice receiving estrogens and androgens. Yale J. Biol. and Med., 12: 493-501. 72. Gardner, W. U., and Strong, L. C. 1940. Strain-limited development of tumors of the pituitary gland in mice receiving estrogens. Yale J. Biol. and Med., 12: 543-548. 73. Hooker, C. W., Gardner, W. U., and Pfeiffer, C. A. 1940. Testicular tumors in mice receiving estrogens. J. Amer. Med. Assoc., 115: 443-445. 74. Gardner, W. U. 1940. The breaking strength of femurs of mice receiving estrogens. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 45: 230-232. 75. Kirschbaum, A., Strong, L. C., and Gardner, W. U. 1940. Influence of methylcholanthrene on age incidence of leukemia in several strains of mice. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 45: 387-389. 76. Pfeiffer, C. A., Kirschbaum, A., and Gardner, W. U. 1940. Relation of estrogen to ossification and the levels of serum calcium and lipoid in the English sparrow, Passer domesticus. Yale J. Biol. and Med., 13: 279-284. 77. Gardner, W. U., and DeVita, J. 1940. Inhibition of hair grovth in dogs receiving estrogens. Yale J. Biol. aud Med., 13: 213-215. 78. Gardner, tiJ. U. 1940. Growth of the mammary glands in hypophysectomized mice. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 45t 835-837.

-7- 79. Gardner, W. U. 1941. Inhibition of mammary growth by large amounts of estrogen. Endocrinology, 29: 53-61. 80. Gardner, W. U., and Chamberlin, T. L. 1941. Local action of estrone on mammary glands of mice. Yale J. Biol. and Med., 13; 461-465. 81. Landauer, W., Pfeiffer, C. A., Gardner, W. U., and Shaw, J. C. 1941. Blood serum and skeletal changes in two breeds of ducks receiving estrogens. Endocrinology, 28: 458-464. 82. Gardner, W. U., Allen, E., and Smith, G. M. 1941. Hyperplasia and hyper- trophy of the mucosa of larger biliary ducts in mice rer.eiv- ing estrogens. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 46: 511-513. 83. Blaisdell, J. S., Gardner, W. U., and Strong, L. C. 1941. Adrenal glands of mice from strains with different susceptibilities to mammary carcinoma. Cancer Research, 1: 283-289. 84. Chamberlin, T. L., Gardner, W. U., and Allen, E. 1941. Local responses of the 'sexual skin' and mammary glands of monkeys to cutaneons applications of estrogen. Endocrinology, 28: 753-757. 85. Gardner, W. U. 1941. The effect of estrogen on the incidence of mammary and pituitary tumors in hybrid mice. Cancer Research 1: 345-358. 85. Allen, E., and Gardner, W. U. 1941. Cancer of the cervix of the uterus in hybrid mice following long-contihued administration of estrogen. Cancer Research 1: 359-366. 87. Gardner, V. U. 1941. Estrogenic effects of adrenal tumors of ovariectom- .ized mice. Cancer Research 1: 633-637. 88. Gardner, V. U. 1941. Experiments on mammary growth in hypophysectomized male mice. Anat. Rec., 79: 23-24 (iibst.). 89. Gardner, V. U., and White, A. 1941. Mammary growth in hypophysectomized male mice receiving estrogen and prblactin. Proc. Soc, Exper. Biol. and Med., 48: 590-592. 90. Gardner, W. U., and Allen, E. 1942. Effects of hypophysectomy at mid- pregnancy in the mouse. Anat. Rec., 83: 75-97. 91. Gardner, V. U. 1942. Persistence and growth of spontaneous mammary tumors and hyperplastic nodules in hypophy'sectonized mice. Cancer Research 2: 476-488. 92. Gardner, W. U., and White, A. 1942. Mammary growth in hypophyaectomized male mice. Anat. Rec., 82: 22 (Abst.). 93. Gardner, W. U. 1942. Mammary tumors in mice receiving sex hormones. Cancer Research 2: 725 (Abst.).

-8- 94. Gardner, W. U. 1942. Lymphoid tumors in estrogen-treated mice. Cancer • Research 2: 725 (Abst.). 95. Gardner, W. U. 1942. rismmary growth in male mice fed desiccated thyroid. Endocrinology 31: 124-127. 96. Collins, V. J., Gardner, W. U., and Strong, L. C. 1943. Experimental gastric tumors in mice. Cancer Research 3: 29-35. 97. Gardner, W. U. 1943. Testicular tumors in mice of several strains receiving triphenylethylens. Cancer Research 3: 92-99. 98. Gardner, W. U. 1943. Influence of sex and sex hormones on the breaking strength of bones of mice. Endocrinology 32: 149-160. 99. deG Treadwell, A., Gardner, W. U., and Lawrence, J. H. 1943. Effect of combining estrogen with lethal doses of roentgen-ray in Swiss mice. Endocrinology 32: 161-164. 100. Gardner, W. U., and Pfeiffer, C. A. 1943. Influence of estrogens and androgeeis on the skeletal system. Physiel. Rev., 23: 139-165. 101. Weinstein, L., Gardnerr W. U., and Allen, E. 1943. The effect of estro- genic hormones on the bacterial content of the uterus. Yale J. Biol. and Med., 15: 43-51. 102. Dougherty, T. F., Williams, W. L., and Gardner, W. U. 1943. Changes in the myelofd and lymphoid tumors of estrogen-treated dogs. Anat. Rec., 85: 19 (Abst.). 103. Gardner, W. U. 1943. Spontaneous testicular tumors in mice. Cancer Researcta 3: 757-761. 104. Geirdner, W. 105. Gardner, W. U., Dougherty, T. F., and Williams, W. L. 1944. Lymphoid- tumors in mice receiving steroid hormones. Cancer Research 4: 73-87. U., and Dou6gherty, J. H. 1944. The circuldting leukocytes of suckling and non-suckling lactating mice. Anat. Rec., 88: 17 (Abst.). 106. Dorfman, R. I., and Gardner, W. U. 1944. Metabolism of the steroid hormones. The excretion of estrogenic material by ovariec- tomized m3ce bearing adrenal tumors. Endocrinology 34: 421-423. 107. Gardner, W. U. 1944. Tumors in experimental animals receiving steroid hormones. Surgery 16: 8-32. 108. Gardner, W. U. 1944. Report at 6th meeting of Conference on Metabolic Aspects of Convalescence Including Bone and Wound Healing. Josiah Macy, Jr. Publ., 84-88.