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Technology Centre, BrJtlsh.Arnericarl Tobacco Co. Ltd., SOUTHAMPTON MD/BTM 16 FEBRUARY 1994 PROCEEDINGS OF CHEMOSENSORY MEETING HELD IN SOUTHAMPTON 8-10 NOVEMBER 1993 pRJ-LOO5-g4 c.6 REPORT NO: P.40 SUMMARY: The inaugural meeting of the Chemosensory section of the Group Techn{eal Programme was held in Southampton during the 8th-10th November, 1993. Delegates from B&W, BATCF, Souza Cruz and BATCo attended the meeting. This Report is a compilation ot the materials presented at the meeting together with summaries of the discussions which [ullowed the presentations. Topics covered during the meeting included: Sensory testing methodoregies Applications of smoking behaviour techniques Analytical chemistry methods and applications to sensory profiling Sensory enhancements of low delivery products Product design strategies. @ 1994 BAT Co. Lid, De not copy or show to unauthorBed persons G,3.5,1 3 fig

PRJ-L005-94 c.6 INDEX TERMS: Chemosensory Menthol Analytical Techniques Consumer Research Nicotine Impact Irritation Mouthful Flavour Profiling Smoking Behaviour Consumer Demand Responsiveness Aromas Humectants Group Technical Programme Sensory Panel Meeting Panel Testing Sensory Assessment Smoking Behaviour Consumer Behaviour Low Delivery Cigarettes Smoke Chemical Propedies Flavourants © 1994 BAT Co. Ltd. DO not copy or show to unauthor{sed persons 570354097

LISTOFDELEGATES Dr, R,R, Baker BATCo Dr, J. Bartels BATCF Dr. P,C. Bevan BATCo Dr. R.A. Crellin BATCo Dr M. Dixon BATCo Dr J. Frijters B&W Mr. R.H. Honeycutt B&W Dr. R.G. Hook 8ATCo Mr. W.D,E. Irwin BATCo Miss D. Moody BATCo Mr. P Mooney ATC Cambridge Dr R Pereira - Pinto Souza Cruz Mr. G.A Read BATCo Dr, W Schneider BATCF Mr. CJ. Shepperd BATCo Mr. A.G. Stephenson BATCo Ms. N. Thorne BATCo Mrs. P. Whitehead BATCo ¢) 1994 BAT Co. Ltd. Do not copy or show to unauthotised persons ; 03 40J8

INDEX BACKGROUND LIST OF DELEGATES • PAPER TITLE 1. Review of previous BAT Group chemosensory activities (a) Introduction 2, 3. 4. 8. 9. {b) Review of 19B6 BAT chemosensory meeting {cJ Review of BATCo FRC chemosensory programme {1990-1992) Cigarette sensory testing metilods in B&W Sensory testing methodologies in BATCo, The role of smoking behaviour in sensory evaluation Visual and sensory cues in the control of smoking behaviour BATCF concept to relate attributes to subjective ratings with special emphasis on strength factors, smoke analysis and consumer response ls input from consumer demand responsiveness approach helpful for chemosensory research projects? Is input from chemosensory projects helpful for the consumer demand responsiveness approach? Enhancing the sm~sory properties of low tar cigarettes The role of i~umectants on the sensory character of low tar flue-cured cigarettes AUTHOR R.R. Bakerand R.A.Crellin R.H. Honeyeutt M. Dixon J. Fri~ers D. Moody N. Thorne P. Whitehead J. Battels W, Schneider P.C. Bevan and C.J. Shepperd C.J, Shepperd © 1994 BAT Co. Ltd. Do not copy or show to unauthor[sed persons 57033&099

10. 11. Correlation of tobacco and tobacco smoke chemical characteristics with tobacco smoke organo]eptic characteristics using analytical techniques developed or introduced by Souza Cruz Application of aroma extract dilution analysis in the search of correlations of chemical compounds with cigarette smell lingering in ashtrays R. Pereira-Pinto R. Pereira-Pinto © 1994 BAT Co. Ltd. Do not copy or show to unauthoHsed pe~ons 5' 0334100

BACKGROUND The Chemosensory Group Technical Programme (GTP} was instigated in mid 1993 and initially comprised of a series of projects conducted in BATCo, BATCF, B&W and Souza Cruz. A meeting was held in the BTC Southampton during the 8th -10th November 1993 during which representatives from each of the participating companies met to: a) Review current project progress. b) To identify gaps/synergies in current research and opportunities for new research. c) Establish communication/reporting practices d) Write Groupwide project descriptions for the 1994 GTP program This report documents the material presented by each speaker together with an overview of the key elements of the ensuing discussions following each paper. e~ 1994 BAT Co. Ltd. Do J~ot copy or show to unauthorised persons

REVIEW OF PREVIOUS BAT GROUP CHEMOSENSORY ACTIVITIES (a} Introduction R.R Baker and R.A. CreIfin (b) Review of 1986 chemosensory meeting R,H Honeycutt (c) Review of 9ATCo. FRC chemosensory programme (lg90-1£g2) M. Dixon PAPER 1 @ 1994 BAT Co, Ltd. Do net copy o[ show to unauthorised persons

PAPER l(a) PREVIOUS BAT GROUP CHEMOSENSORY ACTIVITIES R.R, Baker and R,A. Crellth In a strict sense chemosensob/ research is concerned with the relationship between smoke chemistry and smoke sensory perception However, within the tobacco industry the term is used more loosely to cover all aspects of the physical and chemical properties of the cigarette and smoke important to sensory perception. This type of work has been done intermittently within BAT since the early 1960s, although the term "ehemosensory research" was not used until the told 1980s In the early 1960s smoke panel techniques were developed and set up, and the basic smoke sensory terms defined. The prime finding was made that impact was related to the nicotine content of smoke During the late 1 £60s and 1970s much of the work was involved with irritation - measuring it, producing an 'irritation index', correlating it with smoke chemicals, determining the effect of cigarette parameters and attempting to modify it This work included the effect of ammonia on irritation (mid 1960s). The work was done by a variety of groups in Southampton, Louisville and Hamburg, each group working in relative isolation Some of the results are conflicting, such as identified chemicals responsible for irritation, the effect of cigarette parameters, and whether irritation is associated with the smoke vapour of particulate phase, Some of these ut~oer~ainties persist up to the present time. The oil/water partition technique was developed in Louisville in the early 1970s, originally with a semi theoretical basis as a chemfcal model of processes occurring in the mouth It was subsequently used over severn[ years in many projects as a convenient means of producing a simplified smoke scan w~thout chemicals (e.g hydrocarbons) not associated with smoke sensory attributes The technique was also used extensively in Southampton in the late "i970s, e,g. in Projects CHURCHILL and COLLEGE in attempts to develop cigarettes with taste characteristics the same as Winston and Marlboro respectively, and in the early "980s in Project BROLAM to try and match/beat Marlboro. © 199~ BAT Co. Ltd. Do not copy or show to unauthorlsed persons 570354103

6 ! / PAPER 1 (a) In the early 1980s, Southampton, Louisville, Hamburg and Rio de Janeiro collaborated on Project SHIP, which was aimed at finding ways of reducing smoke harshness and producing a more "natural" taste in BAT product developments. The mapping of tobacco characteristiCS featured highly in this work. The work included assessing the best ways to use stem from a smoke sensory point of view, understanding how product desJgn features and chemical composition of smoke control sensory prope[ties, as well as more fundamental aspecls of smoke chemistry such as volatile carbonyTs. This general project area led to blend modifications in B&W and ammoniat}on of sheet material In the early/mid 1S80s, following introduction of the Actron filter, much work was done in Louisville, Hamburg and Southampton on the sensory effects of smoke swirl - an exampJe ef 'physicesensory' work in the Group. This work was discussed at a Smoke Swid Conference in Louisvilte in October 1984, when W.S. Cain of Yafe University, and others, postulated the greater sensory effects of swirling smoke because of its greater contact area in the mouth. 'Chemesensory research', for the first time using that term, received renewed emphasis in ]ate 1985 in line with a prime Group R&D objective of superior smoking quality For about 18 months there was a co-ordinated work programme involving nine scientists doing complementary work in Hamburg, Louisville and Southampton. This included interchanges of key staff for periods of a few weeks, joint proiects, and a Chemoseosory Meeting in Southampton in June t988. Work included the sensory effects of aerosol properties, form of nicotine, selective alterations in smoke and cigarette parameters, vapour and particu{ate phases and sa[iva buffer capacity. Some of the work was directed towards aspects of alternative products, especially the 'FAVOR' concept Direct interest in the subject declfned during 1987 in the build-up to the launch of R.J. Reynolds' 'Premier' cigarette, and key staff were transferred to Pro]ects GREENDOT, AIRBUS and other areas. Chemosensory work was undertaken as part of Southampton's fundamental research programme from 1990 to eady "fgg2. Odginally planned in the context of overcoming sensory barriers as cigarettes are modified towards low tar/medium nicotine, the plans were evolved during a series of meetings with CAC Companies towards aspects of superior, full flavour concepts The work opened up the areas of mouthful, dryness and aftertaste as well as assessing the relative sensory attributes of several Group ROOT Technology variants, The work area also started to bring together fhe sensory effects due to smoking behaviour, two areas that had remained relatively separate up until that time, © 1994. BAT Co. Ltd, Do not copy or show to unauthorised persons 5703S& LO&

PAPER l{a) In addition to chemosensory work on mainstream smoke, work has also been undertaken on the sensory effects of sidestream and environmental tobacco smoke. Work began in Southampton in 1973 and continues around the Group © 1994 BAT Co, Ltcl. Do not cop'/or show to unauthorised persons