Brown & Williamson
Tobacco: Issues Answers Actions
Fields
- Type
- REPT, REPORT, OTHER
- REPORT
- Characteristic
- OVER, OVERSIZE DOCUMENT
- PARE, PARENTMN Selected
- Request
- E26
- E27
- Date Loaded
- 26 Mar 1999
- Named Person
- Abbott, K./X
- Abernathy, D./X
- Aitken, J./X
- Andrews, I.F./Us House
- Applegate, A./X
- Armistead, R.G./X
- Ball, W./X
- Bayh, B./Us Senate
- Bobrowski, T./X
- Brademas, J./Us House
- Brown, J.Y./X
- Broyhill, J.T./Us House
- Butler, M.C./Us House
- Byrd, H.F./Us Senate
- Carter, T.L./Us House
- Connaughton, T./X
- Copeland, D./X
- Corley, F./X
- Dalton, J.N./X
- Daniels, M.E./X
- Daniel, D./Us House
- Daniel, R.W./Us House
- Davey, E.J./X
- Davis, J.F./X
- Deckard, H.J./Us House
- Dehnel, K./X
- Dennison, K./X
- Driesler, S./X
- Edwards, G./X
- Elder, D.M./X
- Evans, D.W./Us House
- Fisher, J.L./Us House
- Fitzpatrick, C.H./X
- Fleming, J.T./X
- Fletcher, F./X
- Ford, W.H./Us Senate
- Fountain, L.H./Us House
- Frank, C./X
- Fuller, C./X
- Gill, L./X
- Graves, E./X
- Gudger, L./Us House
- Hamilton, L.H./Us House
- Hammond/X
- Hardman, R./X
- Harris, H.E./Us House
- Hefner, W.G./Us House
- Helms, J.A./Us Senate
- Hillis, E.H./Us House
- Hipple, T./X
- Hopkins, L.J./Us House
- Hubbard, C./Us House
- Huddleston, W.D./Us Senate
- Hunt, J.B./X
- Hurt, R.H./X
- Jacobs, A./Us House
- Jones, W.B./Us House
- Junk, R./X
- Kirk, P./X
- Klinger, J./X
- Legget, C./X
- Lofton, J.S./X
- Lugar, R.G./Us Senate
- Lupton, F./X
- Martin, J.G./Us House
- Mathisen, C./X
- Mazzoli, R.L./Us House
- Mcewen, W./X
- Merritt, J./X
- Miller, D./X
- Miller, T./X
- Morgan, R./Us Senate
- Murray, T.S./X
- Myers, J.T./Us House
- Natcher, W.H./Us House
- Neal, S.L./Us House
- Nevens, T.M./X
- Norman, J.L./X
- Perkins, C.D./Us House
- Pittman, W.J./X
- Preyer, R./Us House
- Quayle, D./Us House
- Ray, R.B./X
- Renn, L./X
- Riggs, J./X
- Robinson, J.K./Us House
- Rosen, L./X
- Rose, C./Us House
- Rudder, C./X
- Satterfield, D.E./Us House
- Selikoff/X
- Sharp, P.R./Us House
- Smith, F./X
- Snyder, G./Us House
- Spanos, C./X
- Sterling, T./X
- Sugg, M./X
- Tanner, W.E./X
- Thompson, E./X
- Thompson, L./X
- Tolomeo, M./X
- Trible, P.S./Us House
- Wagoner, J./Niosh
- Wampler, W.C./Us House
- Warner, J./Us Senate
- Weed, R./X
- Whalin, D.M./X
- Wheeler, L./X
- Whitehurst, G.W./Us House
- Whitley, C.O./Us House
- Wolfenbarger, J./X
- Wright, D./X
- X/Bakery Confectionery + Tobacco Worker
- X/Farm Bureau
- X/Grange
- X/Intl Assn, O.F. Machinists + Aerospace, W.
- X/Natl Candy Wholesalers Assn
- X/National Assoc, O.F. Tobacco Distributors
- X/Natl Automatic Merchandising Assn
- X/Food Marketing Inst
- X/Natl American Wholesale Grocers Assn
- X/Natl Assn, O.F. Convenience Stores
- X/Tobacco Peoples Public Affairs Comm
- X/Us Outer Continental Shelf Comm
- X/Us Interior + Insular Affairs Comm
- X/Tobacco Observer
- Busbee, G./X
- X/Us Government Operations Comm
- Ginn, B./Us House
- X/Us Public Works + Transportation Comm
- X/Us House Administration Comm
- Mathis, D./Us House
- X/Us Banking Finance + Urban Affairs, C.O.
- Brinkley, J./Us House
- Levitas, E.H./Us House
- X/Us Nutrition & Forestry Comm
- X/Us Governmental Affairs Comm
- Fowler, W./Us House
- X/Us Comgressional Operations
- Gingrich, N./Us House
- Mcdonald, L.P./Us House
- X/Us Standards, O.F. Official Conduct Comm
- Evans, W.L./Us House
- X/Us Interstate + Foreign Commerce Comm
- X/Us Merchant Marine + Fisheries Comm
- Jenkins, E./Us House
- X/Us Science + Transportation Comm
- Barnard, D./Us House
- Talmadge, H.E./Us Senate
- X/Us Energy + Natural Resources Comm
- X/Us Education + Labor Comm
- Nunn, S./Us Senate
- Bowen, O.R./X
- Benjamin, A./Us House
- X/Us Post Office + Civil Service Comm
- Fithian, F.J./Us House
- X/Us Appropriations Comm
- X/Us Agriculture Comm
- X/Us Armed Services Comm
- X/Us Veterans Affairs Comm
- X/Us Ways + Means Comm
- X/Us Small Bussiness Comm
- X/Us Narcotics Comm
- X/Us Finance Comm
- X/Us Joint Taxation Comm
- X/Us Library Comm
- X/Us Aging Comm
- X/Us Joint Economic Comm
- X/Us Juciciary Comm
- X/Us Intelligence Comm
- X/Us, D.C. Comm
- X/Us Rules Comm
- X/Us Select Comm, O.N. Comm
- X/Us Select Narcotics Comm
- X/Us Budget Comm
- X/Us Ethics Comm
- X/Tobacco Action Network
- Attachment
- 249438
- Litigation
- 10004026
Document Images
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THE ~ILZES
'phe $~fl billion tnbacco Indllstry may be ShIZr~UDded ]~y
COnt,ov~rsy, but it is most certainly [lot wiLhout its
friends. Thls section provides information On a range of
large grou~l~ which ~up~t o[r indLi~try.
~nufact~-ers' employees. The e~ployees of tobaccc prod-
ucts manufactlrers form the backbone of the induGtry'G ~up-
pox~ group* TSere are abou~ 72,708 production workers, wlt~
a tohal annual payrol~ of over hail a billion dollars, fin
approximately 150 tobacco man~factu~in~ pl~nts i~ 20 ~tates.
Nearly all cigarettes and more than 90 percent of all £obac-
co products are manufactured by the sl× ia~e~t tobacco c~m-
panics* ~nked by 19~8 p~rcent~9~ of to~al ¢loareLt~ s~ies,
those co~pa~es aFe:
1, R°J. ~ynolds 32.9~
2. Philip M0rrz$ 27.@%
3. Bro~ & Willia~son 15.3%
4* Amer%c6~ Brands 11.7%
5. T~Jl[ard 9.1%
6. L~e~t & Myer~ 3,2%
Two 0miens rep~e~@nt n~arly a]] ~b~cc~ manufazturi~g
wuzke~. They ~z~ Lh~ ~ Co~I~c~°ner~ & Tob~c~
Wor~ers Intexn~tlo~al U~on, w~ich ~epres~ts appFoK]/~ately
5,3~0 Drown & Willi~son ~o~er~ and &bo~t 35,000 %~orker~
i~dus~y w±d~t a~ ~he In~eF~t±onal ~ssoc~t~rl u~
Machinists and Aerospace No~kers, which reDres~nts aDproxi~
m~t~ly 900 Drown. & ~ll~amson work~ a~onq it~ total memb~-
shlp of approximately 1,0~0,~0U. A nu~be~ of other UnlOnS--
~o~e r~p~in~ ~ipo~itter~, ca~l]e~te~s, £heet~etal wQ~k-
~[~i ~bd.q--~s~nt 6m~ll~ ~rOupS Ot tobacco ~anuf~c
tutors' employe~s.
Gzuw~. ~Jout 600,~0~ f~rm familles p~rti~ipate in 9row-
xng and ha~z~sti~q of 538,964 E~de~ally~iss~ed tobacco a[lot-
ment~ on fa~s £n 22 sta~e~ ~n~ Due~ti~ ~i~ ~i~e ~amili~'
C~ops were scl~ for ~2.6 biili~[i 11[ 197~ [[[~k±[l~ Lilboc~
the si×th largest cash c~op, afte~ corn, so~be~ns, hay,
wh~t ~d cotton.
Alth~ug~ ~ ~ree ~ me~han~x~tlon has been introduced
in t~ hamv~t£ng and c~rii~g of fl~ c~red toba¢co~ t~bocco
growing remazns a labo~iI~te~s~v~, small ~a~m l~d~stry.
The a~era~ ~la~--cured tobac~ ha~e in th~ ~tlthea~t is
fiv~ ~r six dc~, ~i*d ~111y o~e o~ two acres i~ th~ burl~y
re~i~ns of T~n~essee and Kentuzky, Tobacco, therefore,
r~a~ns a family crop, no~ a~ ~gr±busine~s c~op, and as
s~ch i~ tl~S f~l~es strongly to the ±~d~s~ryo
P~rag,aph Number
3.
].
4.
5.
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Many orqa~iz~tions ~u~h a~ t}~e Farm ~urea~ ~nd Tn~
Gr~rlg~ ~nciud~ tob~u gr~w~zs ~ m~Rrsj bu~ tll~r~ ~ 11u
one o~a~Iz~tl©~ which represents al~ classes o~ tobacco
g~owc ~s.
A coalition of 27 buriey and lille-cured trade g~aups,
t~c Toba~co GrowersI Inr~r:~atlOn Cc~nmit~ec, pcovidcs a llai~on
b~een farmers, warehousemen and manufacturers OH legislative
matters, It w~%s e~t~hlish0d in Iq5~ as a ~o~rlngh~ll~
business.
~long ItS ac~ivl~ies, ~h~ Co~ml~cee lobbies a~ State
[egislat~t~es, s~pl~rts agric~it[iral research into tobacco at
land-gr&rlt c~l~e~ ~nd dlstr~bute~ p~sLtlv~ nedl¢~l ~
$Cle~tl~iC l~to~]atlon ~ lOCal a~d ~eglo~al leaders ~f the
t~b~ceo familv.
The Committee l_sts as its s~ccesses partlclpatlo~ in
tile contalr~t of Dt~itive t~x legislation and the tla~i~n~l
political ~;~do[s~m~It of ~be ~o~acco s~pport proqr~.
~slncssmcn and bus~ae0~merl~s groups, like Chamb~r~ of
Comuerce, L~ tobacco-belt rural Cc~mun~ties also are cl0seiy
tied to th~ i~u~t~y. ~he in~]~× of money into these c0~i-
ties at tobacco euctlon ti~e often makes tlc dif6orun¢~
between a good year and a ~&d y~ar for rural buslnes~men.
WaZ~)lO~ o~4rat~rs~ Tobacco is ~old i~ 84~ ~%uction
warehouses z~ "72 markets.The warehouse ilperat<)[s sell the
iea~ at a~ctlon and ~ f~i~. a p~rcenta~e of th~ p~cha~e
prlee by the grower. They pr~vlde ~mple~a~nt for about
14,000 people du~ing the auction season.
Thez~ is a se[~F~t~c~l between ma~]ufac~urer~ and the
ware~*ises as dlstlnct as the separation between manufac~
:ure~ and ~rowe~s. Bro%~ ~ i~'llli~son~s i~uy~s purchase
i~af at auctions i:o~d~c~ed by the wa2~ho%$e~, but that is
-lle ftLil ext~nt ~ the bllsiness relatzonship. ~M~St states
~L[* a~Liv~ tobacco ~-k~ts h~ve a tobacco w~r~hc~u~c ~p~
to~s' association.
W~olesal~ dIGtrlJ~ut~r~. Tll~r~ ar~ over I~720 pr~ary
tobacco ?nlolesalers distrib~tlnq tobacco products. These
h~ines~o~, ~n the av~rage~ depend on ci~a~ette~ for ever
69 percerlt of tl~elr total D~slness. They ~pluy ~tLe 42,000
people, who in t~rn are eq~aily dependent on the industry
for tnelr [iveliho~I.
There ar~ ~itot}ler 1,011(I gr~icery, dr~g a~ convenience
~t~ wl1~l~l~E~ distr/~tln~ tob~cc~ prod~cts* While
s~ch Drod~cts Comprise 10 to 2~ percent o6 sales for ti~e~
c~p~nle~, the p~ofltebility ~f tobacco ~teias gives tb~e
wholes&l~rs a substan~lal econon]~c tie %u ~}L~ tobacco ~ad~s-
try.
Parag ra ph Number
6o
7.
8°
,9°
10.
1~.
13,
,,j
14.
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The 1977 wholesale value of tobacco and related prod-
1~cts was $11.6 billion. The efficlal organizations repre-
senting tobacco wholesalers are The Natlonal Association of
Tobacco Distributors and The N~tlonal C~ndy 19holesalers Asso
clarion. 5t~tewl~e asSoclations of ~ODaCCO dlstrlbucors
exist ir~ almost every state, and are frequently more helpful
on local is~s than the 1~ahional <~cg~nigation~.
V~ein~ ~achine c~anl~s. ~he operators of venting
n~chi,,~ ~qulpu~nt ~z~ involved in bo_h th~ di~tr±bution ¢~i*~I
the retailing of clgarettes. There are abo~t 6,000 indlvldual
¢c~panies o~ing bye- ~50,000 ~achinG~ ~¢~s$ th~ country.
Many are sr~ll and owner-operated. Cigarettes are ~ST~&t~d
to be about 25 perceht of the vending machine companies'
total ~ales~ rand ven~ing m~hine s~l~-~ ~cc~nt for ~bo%zt
I 3 perceLt Of t~e total tobacco ind~st~y sales.
The NatiDnal A~it¢~atl~ Me~chandiZln9 AssDeiatlon repre-
sents vendlnq machine companies natlon~ily, and more than 30
states have automatze nl~rchand~szn9 councils. ~hate councils
~ usually more active on le~idtlve is~u~.
Retailers. Over 300,000 r~a~l e~t~bli~h;ue;its Sell
Clgaret~es ~nd ot~er tObaCCO prod~c~s in the U~. ~Oo~
stores account for over 53 percent of retail clgaret~e sales
and dr~ stores represent 14 percent. Although ~igarettcs
accoDnt £or less thai~ I~ percent o~ total ~roce~y af~d dr~g
st~re sales, tobacco ~oducts are highlF profitable items.
Tob~cso'~ i~pact on retailing is great:
197~ crga~ette ~al~s on the foo~ industry were $6.2
bil lion,
* Cigarette~ represented 4.6 percent of total ~upermar-
ket zales,
* Cigarette inventory turnover a~ reta~i outlets ms
abaft ~5 to J0 times e yeer.
~r~¢ national organizations s~rve the retail food in
dustry: the Food Marketing Institute, the National A~erlc~n
Wholesale Grocers A~soslat~on and the National Assocfation
of Convenl~nc~= $tor~s. M~t Stress hav~ as~ociat:ons o~
supermarket o~erators and these are a growi~q number cf
state ~soci&tions of convenience store op~zato~'~. Sta~
~sSoclatlons offer the most ready assistance and support,
~. S~ppliers to tobacco ma~uf~.ctu~ern include
transportation and chemical companies, ~arm-related busi-
ne~se~ (chemicals, implements, suppllerm, seeds), adv~rtis-
~nq ~g~HCi~E~ be[ikst n~w~[9~pezs ~ll~ p~ziodi~als, and maker~
of filter material and other cagar~tte ingredients. In
~977, tobacco manufact~rer~ spent almost $2.5 bil!io~ on
P~ragraph Number
15.
17.
19,
Q:
sJ,~otus o~ pJo~v
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qoods and servlces provided by OUtSide suppllers--nearly
tnE~e times tha ~o~t they spend for tobacco. Companle~
supplying these products emoloyed aEproxLma~ely 32,000 per-
sons in 1977.
_~he ~obaczo Institute. FDunded in 1958, the Tobacco
Instltute is the Washington-based trade association for the
tobau~o manufact~ers. [t has 13 c~xn~any m~_mber~ including
Brown & Wllllamso~ and tour other ma3or clgarette nanutac-
t'llr~1"~. (~ric~n R~-aFIc~S i~ nr)t a member.) Th6~ Instittlte
i~ funded entirely by member C~mpanies on a pr3 rdta basis~
based on annual sales.
The sta~ed mlsslo~ of ~he xnstlt~te 1S tO lead and direc~
the resources of the tobacco industry in promotlng an under-
stan~ling and aocoptance o~ _he r~le of tobacco in our ~ocle~y,
and to def~%Id ~he industry agalnSt ~war~an~ed restrictions on
its ~ight to engage in normal business actlvitles.
"W~ do not try to sell cigarettes or pr~0te smoking,"
sald W±il£~ ~loepfer, Jr., dzrect~r of public relations.
"~r objectiv~ ks t~ bring a s~mingly Cl.0~c~ ~ject b~ck
to t~e level of co~troversv in the public's ~ind."
The I~s~l&~ta e~ploys mere t~%arl 10O persons In I%S federai
and state actlvities, sc&en-_ific and public zelatlons depart-
mont~. Fou~~ profec~ional s[~kecpor~on0--Conmie D~ath~ Bill
Dwyer, Ani%e Hrowder and Walker Merryman--travei t[%e C0~try
to present the views of the tobacco industry to the p~lic
through the media an~ in personal appearances. ~ney have
visl&ed 48 stanes and have appeared on more than one-thlrd
of the nation's tel~vlslon statlons.
The Institute produces ~amphlets, backqround papers and
ot]*er literatL~re on the }llstory and ¢~iture cf t~bac¢o, and cn
V~rlous aspects of Ene %0bacco conKroversy. Zz has films
that are available free to clubs a~d organizations. FIlms a~d
publicatzons are not promoted tc yeuhh aud±e~ce~, howcver~ in
l~ne wlth th~ ±nd%]stf~'S longshaI~dlr*~ bellef that smOkln~
i~ a~ a~hllt {l]st~m. Materlal~ produced by the In~tih~te are
r~adlly av~llabl~ to D&W emplo'~e~s by c~lllng the Corporate
Affairs Office, 774-7,'42.
The I~stltute's ~tL~llc r~la~iens dep~r~e~t also p~-
ilsbes a hi-monthly intra-industry newsletter a~d the more
general, six-tlmes a year newsopaper~ q~e Toba¢¢c Observer.
A majoz new function of the Institute is the Tooacco
~tlon Network (TAI~), which will develop aild C~din~te at~t~
co~ty a~d ~n~clp~l tobacco s~pport q2~ps ~atlo~ally. TAN
organizations foe each of the ~0 stat~s are ~w being devel-
oped. This effort is essential to comba~ the state and
local a~tdcks on the industry by well organized adversaries.
• he s~cccss of TAN ~el~]ds ~l>~n a high degree of Coo~cr~tlon
Paragraph Number
21.
23,
~4.
25.
26~
27
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from the manufact~xers and ~pon voluntary actions of £ndi-
vldua/s in the "tobacco ~amily." B~W l~ ~ully preparc~ and
c~mltt~d to GO its part in ~akl~9 'fAN S~cc~ed.
C~pl~f~itlng the TAN efforts ~re si~ full-Lime Ynstit%t~
a~ea public df£alrs managers w~o further th~ i~glslatlve, p~biIc
~ff~irs and ~u~l±~ Communication ohjectiv~g ~f th~ I~sti t11te a~
~tat~ ~nd l,)c~l l~v~l~. T~;% ~Lat~ TAN directors we~ operating
full-time in 13 states by mid-1979.
~otlleE f~otio~ of the 1~stit~te IS ma~Bent Of Tile
Tobacco people's Publlc Affairs Conmlttee (TOPPAC). politl-
cal contributions fr~ ex~%tive a~d administrative e~
p~oyees of ~e I~stltute's ~ember companle~ are dlstr~buted
by TOPPAC to candldate~ ~or congressional o[~i~e who h~ve
Lh~ ~b~l~ty t~ r~nd~r ~ff~c~lV~ public ~e~v~ce ~nd who ~gr~e
with th~ i~dustry's philosophy regarding the importance of
th~ f~e~ enterprise sy~t~.
TO~AC is registered with tl]~ Feder~l ~lect~on C0~iss~on
and has con=ributed between $100 and $1,~00 to the campa~gn~
O~ 5D curre~t~y-~a~ed se~a~0~S a~d 243 cu~ently-s~at~d ~-
bors of ~h~ ~o~s~ n~ R~r~nt~tive~.
TObaCCO Tax Council, This trade as~ociatl0n, based i~
Richmond, Vl~ginia~ wo~k~ tn ~i~t ~ncr~as~s in stat~ ani!
lo~l ~i~tt~ taxe~, F~/~d~n~ is pr~m~r~l~ from tobacco p~d-
aa~f~ctu2er~
The CounCil s~por~s ~ctive lobbyiZl~ ~g~irL~t ii~d
taxes in all stat~ l~qis~at/res and i~ selected state~, it
s~p~rts blil~ which Wou~ red~cc the ~tate eiga~ett~ t~-
It co~ts a~ a Success th~ fact th~ the av~r~e State c~g~-
~tt~ tax ha~ ~ncrea~ed ~itL~ si~c~ th~ early 1970s~
Co~ci~ for Tobacco ~e~ch. The COUACll ~or TObaCCO
~r~h (CTP) i~ An in~nd~nt, Jndust~y-~upported ~dica[
died ~c±~nti6~ r~earcll supgo~t ~r~n~z~tion. C~PS ~lent~
f~c Advisory Board meets regularly to evaluate applicatzo~s
fo~ ~ran~ an~ contract~. ~nal~ied ~p[icat~ns ~r~ ap~
prOVed, &~ th~ Co~icil dw~rd~ z~z~h ~r~LL~ t~ ±n~a~:LL
SC~entls~S, who conduct the approved ~e~earch and publish
th~ result~ ~ithout CT~ di~ctiom o~ Control. A~of June,
1979, 3~7 scientists in 25D med~ca~ SCI1OOlS, hospitals and
institution~ in the U.S. and i0 ~Orelg~ ~ountries hav~ been
~unded by C~.
CTR regul~ly pi~b]i ~he~ d~sariDtive maheria] ~n ~tu~y
p~oje~t~ it ~ funding, and th~ project ~It~ ~re ~l
able through medical and sc~entlflc publicatlons, and
thr~uqh CTR. (~e~ ~moking • Heelth, ~ara~raDbs ~0 t~Li~h
219, f~z ~ d~b~US~IL ~Zl ~n~u~t~y--~uL~d ~esearc~.)
P~ragtaph ~umDer
2~.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
C¢
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I~ternationel Committee On ~noki~q Isslles (ICOS[]
ICOSl was established hy £ead~n~ me.herD of the international
tOI~CCO industry ~o give s~c~r~ add i~o~etio~ ~ ~ga~d
to snaking issue~ t~rld-wide to the ,J~r]o~s ~ti~n~] a~-
cldt±ons o~ tobacco manufacturers. B~itish A~ric~n'D~oac~o
CO. Ltd~ is a m~nb~r c£ IC3SI, as are Philip Morris, R.J.
R~y~S ~n~L foLl~ ~ther ~ajo~ ~te~ational tobacco com-
panies. ~COSI does not d~al with any cofum~r¢ial t~bacco
~ttHrs,
~aragrapb Number
35.
G~
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of section)
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VOL[~TARyAC~IOM~
I ~T~0D~CTION
Tns purpose of TC~ACC0: Issues~Answers/Actions is no-
only to imfo~ yo~ of th~ i~es faGln~ our lnQUotry and to
o~ter responses to the challenges it faces, b,it also to sug-
ge~ how y~[l c~n a~t vo]ilnt~rily as a private citizen to help
df:fc~Ld our i~L]~isLzy.
Ther~ are sevoral actions you oan take. You ca~ write
your congressman or the editor of your local ~ewspaper. If
an anti-smoking initiative is held in your area, you carl be
activo in t~ c~palgn agaln~t it. y(JL; can s~a~ strongly
for the ind~ssry aK SOCIal ~'~he~i~g~. YO~ Ca~ reSL~O~d tO
televis~on edltoriais Dr ~rtlcl~t~ in calf-in Shows. ~±s
s~c~lon outlln~s t}1~ valuable ways you c~n bring b~fo~ the
l~biic the zn~or~latlon presen~,~d In precedlng sectzDns.
Yuu s}lo~!~] oe p~e~a~ed to defen@ th~ industry, to state
ts case and to ~0 work whlcb wail help us. But leave offl-
cla[ state/~nt~ of ~he ind~stry'~ %,lews to cur expert~, be-
Cause in this controverslaL e~v~ro[~nt~ ±t is lmpera~Ive
t~at st~tements of Brown & Willlamson aorpoz'a~e eolicy be
mado ODIy by d~uign~ted ~or~ra~e ~poku~puruon~. Ruolpicnts
of thls boo~ cannot, ol course, illl that role.
WIIy yos should act.
Your s~teme~t~, as ~n info~d indivl~ua~, in defe~s~
of ~_he industry are crltlcallv im~ortanto An ~xa~ple can be
fc~u1~d in reccnt anti-smoking initiatives in Ca]iforni~ and
ilOrlda. The InduStry, and its employees and ~upporte~s, very
active~ fou(jht the~ inltLat~es and victories were w~no
D~t th~ m~g~n off victory wa~ n~row ~ 54 percent to 4~ per
c~!n ~n Ca[~rr1~a~ a~d J~st 83b vcl~e~ i~ D~de County,
~1ori~a, o1~t ~ff a total Of I~2,1~7 ~s~ O}~vi~l~ly, ~v~ry-
one' s ~ffort~ we~ i~port~t~
;~nother e~]e~ President Carter has be~n an ally to
our ind~y in ~any wa~. lie is a fa~er an~ ~ong h~s ~or~-
bearers we=e tobacco farmers. During hi$ cam~iqn ne told a
tobaec~ audience that h~ believed the ~mer~can peop~ had
President ~art~r emghaslzed h~s c~m~tm~nts to the ~obacco
pric~ su~rt program.
~ut rtis ~i~ i~ ~£ ~o~sL~telt. In I~77r President
~-~rt~r ~l~re~ A~ll "Cancer ~l ~11~Ii," a~d s~at~d that
the fight aqalnst cancer depends on the willingness of the
peopl~ to alter thei= h~bits, includlnq ~moking. In e~rly
1979, ~h~ r~pe~t~q hls Sup[~rt ~or t~ ~ob~cco l~&f ~rl~
stab~ILza~ion program, he added, ". . . I su~port the rol~ of
Paragraph [4umbe¢
I.
2.
4,
..j
~q
U:
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the health a~thorJtlea . . . who 1.3int out tb~ dan~ers of
ly doubled the allccation for H~ anti-smoklnq proqrams from
~he p~viou~ y~ar, '{cu/ l~tter~ tban~in~ hLm for blx pro-
~ob~cco ~tan~s and c~.lticizing his aRt~-tobaeco statements
$ottld help solidify his stand on tobacco.
Flnally, it 15 more L~p~)rtant now 5o write your Conqres$-
men than ever before. Whlle tobacco has f~fed well iN Con-
~rc~ it i0 becauoe Congressmen f~om tobacco states hav~ be~n
sLaunch afLql ~ff~ctiv~ ad~'OCateS for zhe industry. But times
are cha~giqq° q~ne tobacco states are becoming m(~6 ind;]~tr~-
alized and consequently tobacco g~ow~r~ and ~anufact~r~ ~ay
become relatively less im[~rt~nt ccnstltuents. Influential
co~re~i~>rl~i p¢~s tlon~ aE~ }~ec~/linq ~es~ secure as som~ k~y
le~d~rs r~ire+
~m ~ecent yea~, s~¢ial ant~rest groups have become
mor~ ©rg~z~ and ~ow~rful. P~lltlCal parties h~ve~ i~
general, declined in their role of influence on the ~slti~ns
~f ~ongr~s3~cn. Many oE the strongest pressure g~up~ Inot
Only b~or~ I~o~g~es~, b~t be~0~ ~eq~lat0r~ ll~e t~ Clv~l
~erona~itJl;~ B!la~iI) ~re d~v~t~:1 tel ~in~]~ i~1]~s+ ~t]ch a~ anti-
these grou~s' efforts.
B&W inf0~natlon resources.
SO that ~o~ ~rl %2"it~ ln~ofme~l I~ttet'~ make ~l~crmecI
~l~l~ ~vali~ble to o+ll l.t~ employe~+ ~nece ar~ b~-och~l~e~ ~n~
written r~aterlal~ on smoRl~g and ;leaith, ~&bllC SmoKlrl~,
tobacco ~c~l(~mlc~i ~nc] oft B~.~ i tse~f. Also available ~r~
~hr~ fzlmo: "~ Need to I~" (30 ~J.nut~'-s, th~ ~c~.+entifi¢
positions in the smoking and health centroversy), "The
an over'view o~ otlr c~pany) . /my of these ,~'~itten materials
or film~ a~e available on r~qLle~t ~rom ~/n~ Corporate Af~alr~
D~!p~lrrlnellt. ~I~U edit wtit~ u~. ~i1 L~I~II ,~±~L ~L 774-7442.
~RITE ¥Oi3~ IIEpR~SN~A~I~E
A md]orlty of p~Opie feel t~lat their vl~w$ a~d ¢oncer~s
toward public ISSU~S are disregarded by elected o~t±c~aLs.
~ft~n they b~cc~n~ fru~a~ qnd cynical a~ remov~ them~elv~
f~i~c ~iLe 13oli~ic~l [J~oc~ss~ Gt~vez~te~iL Lhe~ L~e~ll~ a Se~V~IL
to argnnized ~Dlitlcal minorities. ~ne indlvidu~l is bypasse~,
T~e t~h is that elected offic±als waKt to hear ~he
views of thai~ voting c0nszlt~ents. In many cases elected
officlnls ~re just ns fr~szrated by a~ aF~thetie electorate
as Constituents are with their representatives.
Per~r~ph Number
7.
8.
9,
10.
¢5
(
(
L
A personal letter Is zhe bcst way t© Feauh your elected
representatives. ~is secLlon incl~J~les th~ a~dr~e~ ~ [I.~.
congr~s~lonal representat~s fro~ ~t~t~s wlere B&~ o~era-
tlons ~nd empLoyees are loc~t~d. TO find other officials~
you may:
* Look in the telephone book, under ~he approprlate
area of the government blu~ pages [~f ~vailahlel,
* Call area p~litical party officc~ or ~he local
maynr'~ O~flCe.
Consult your local l~b~a~±~n.
* C~tact th~ Le~glle of Women Voters, which kee~s
curre]t lists oE ~II i~i ~Jr~ Lt~tlv~.
~nc~ y~U hav~ the rep~n~ativems address, ~g~ the following
~u1~e~i~es to write a~ effective l~tte~:
W~te olr letter l~ ~hl o~ t ~ ~t o~ you~ p~r~on~l
statzo~ery* ~0~al letter~ o~ l~r~o~al ~tatlOne~y will ~ave
an dmp~ct.
~e sure you sign your name over your t~ped slqnature
(if you typ~ your letter). A letter which is not ~igned o~te~
i~ ~isr~a~d~d°
~e sure ~ur r~£urn ad~res~ i~ o~ the lette~ a~ well a~
on ~he envel©ge. Envei0pes often ~re lost 5o your repre-
sentative m~y not be ~b~ ~ give yDu a r~s~Dnse.
Your ~tter sh~ul~ be brLef. ~t IS best to ~it it -o
one page. Identlfy the issue clearly° State your concern
cOnClSely. If th~ ~s~u~ ~f~ y~ur job or a ~r~;l~ you
d~pe~d on~ s~ate that clearly i~ the lett~°
SLate the Ho~s~ ~r Senat~ bi]] n~hcr, ~f possibl~, when
~OU ~r~te r~gard~ng leglslat~0n.
~e~rsonal. ~ake y~ur ~eellng~ clear. Do no~ ~ite in
:he thlrd person.
Avoid ~s~ng phrases o~ sentences whl~h ~ve the impres-
sion ~f a -orm letter.
DO not b~ahe, tllFeati!~ ~r iilti~ii]~t~ your representative.
If y~u ~nt to b~ crtlcal, treat th~ re~re~ent~tlve hhe way
~c~u ~uld w~z*~ to be c~£Lici~d if ~oz~n~ ~e cr~tLci~ng
ASk fo~ a re~Dnse. AS ~ CO~Lt~en~ you ~e ~nti~le~
to know how t~e ~epres~nta-ive feels or VOteS on an ~ssue.
Paragraph Number
Iz.
13.
14.
15.
17.
ts.
19°
C~
20. "k~
C
Lt
~']
(
(
T~ANK YOUR P~Ep~E~ENTATIV~. This is ~ogt i~po~tant.
h~ O~ she is supportive of yoLlr views a~d if ~he vote
please~ ~U, a th~nk-you 1~ appreciat~. If, however, a
r~presentatlve ~ot~s in op~osltlo~ to your views, I~on't
heslt~te to w~it~ ~d let ~lm o~ her know.
Correct Forms of Address:
Envelo~
Pcco[/cnt
~he Presi]ent
The ~it~ Hou~
Washington, D.C. 20500
~ena~or
Th~ ~norable (full name)
~ted ~tates s~a~e
(office address)
washington, D.C. ~0510
Repr~sent~tLve
(Dear ~ena~o~ (sumac@):)
The {~n0rable (full na~e~ (Dear Representative (surname):)
~h~ ~o~ of ~e~re~entative~
(office ad~Ir~ss)
Washington, ~°C. ~@313
WHOM TO WRITE
F~llow~ng LS a state-by-~tate llst which gives the
na~es, addresses, ~ty ~ffiliations an~ tel~ho~e n~mbers
~tazes wheE~ w~ ~l~v~ oper~lo~s a~ emp~oye~t i~for~a~lo~
~bo~t th~ el~cti~n ~ateg Of national an~ state o~f[cLai~
~[id, IEL Ua~ ~a~e of ~.S. Co~g~es~m~nt thei- co~itt~
aSSignments ~ the ~am~s Of their ~dml~t~iv~
~£~t~t~. Map~ of tobacco ~tate congressional di~t~ct~
~a~e~r ~t the en~ of this ~ection.
GEORGI~
Primary Second Tuesday in A~guot in even mumb~red years.
G~ra~ E~ect~ - F~rst T~sd~y aft~ flr~t Monday in
~ov~mb~ in even n%~bere~ yaar~.
Gov~±i~o~ - R~:is in Prima~y and Gen~al ~ection in 1982.
Independent candidate ~uns in General ~lect~on only.
Paragraph Number
2~.
23.
24,
(
(
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George B%lsbee (D)
Office of the C~vernor
State Capitol
AtLanta. Georgla 30~3~
(404) 656-1776
Stat~ Represenhatives - Run in Primary and General ElectLon
in ~980. ~o year t~.
Stat~ S~ndtO[S -- Sa~ aS Stat~ Representatlves.~ Two year
term.
U.S. Representatives - All run in 19~0.
BO Ginn (D-lSt]
317 CanDon B~ildin~
(2~2I 225-5S33
Con~,ittees~ Appropriations; Outer Comtinental ~helf
(SeLect)
• dminis~ative Assistant: P~bert H. Mutt
Dawson Mathis [D-2nd)
2331 Raybur~ Buildi~9
(202) 225-3631
Co~nittees: A~riculture; Interior & Insular AfEairs
Of~zce Ma~ager~ Lexine ~IL
Jack Brinkley (D 3rd)
2412 Rayburn Beildisg
{202) 225-5991
Co~ittees: Armed Servlces; Veterans' Affairs
~dministrativz Assistant: ~]rry ~celor
Elliott H. Levitas (D-4th)
329 Cannon ~ilding
(2U2] 2ZS-421Z
C~ii%miLte~s= ~v~t1~@llt Operations; Public WO~kS &
Transportation
Leglslative Assistant: Cecil Frenk
Wyche Fowler. Jr. (O-5th}
1504 I~ongwor~h ~sii~ung
(202) ~25-3801
Co~i~tees; ~ys & Meaes~ I~telligence ISelect)
Administrazive Assistant: Cathy K~dde~
Paragrsph N u m b~,r
,~}
C~
W,
f
(
£
Newt GlngYl~h (R-6tt)
417 Cannon Building
(2O2) 225 4501
C~mmitt~s: Hous~ ~ini~t~a~io~: Public ~ks
A~ministcative Assistant: Bob Weed
L~rryp. McDonald (D-7~h)
504 Cannon Building
(202) 225-2931
Ad~nlshca~ive A~SLSt~t; ~r~d SmiEh
113 Cannon B~ildiE~9
(2~2) 225-6231
Cc)~mistees: small ~uslDess; P~bllc WOrkS &
Transportatlon; Narcotics (Select]
A~ml~ist~tlv~ Ass~tant~ John Wo[~b~g~r
E~ J~nk~ns (D-~tb)
217 ~annon ~uild±ng
(~02) 225-5211
A~ministrative Assistant: Terry Miller
Do~g ~ar~ard [D-10th)
418 Cannon Buiidi~q
[~02) 225 41C1
Com~ittees~ B~nkin~, Finance & Urban Affairs;
Small ~l~[~ess
Administrative Assistant: David Mayne Eider
U*5. Senators - Only on~ 3~e~ r~s i~ ~980.
~rman ~. T~Imadgc (D} (lg~O)
|0~ Musseli Uu[L~g
(~C2) 224-364]
Committees: Aqric~itu~e, N@trition & Forestry
[~ha~m~); Finance; V~te~an~' A~ai~; Joint
TaKation
Administrative Asslsta~t: Will ~Ii
P~rB9 raph Number
..,]
C
H.
(
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Sam N~nn (D) (1984)
32~i Oirk~en ~uilding
(202) 224-35ZI
Committees: Ar~ Sor~i~o~ Cover~n&al ~ffairs~
3mall ~u~iness (Select)
~inistrative ~sslstant: Ribband B. ~y
INDIANA
Primary - First Tuesday after first Monday in May.
Genera[ Election - First Tuesday after ficzt Monday [n
N0vember~
Governor - Rsns in Pri~arF and General Election in 1980.
Otis R. Bewe~ JR)
Office of the Governor
Room 206 State ~o~se
Indianapolis. [ndian~ 46204
(317) 6~4567
State Rep£esentatives - Run in General Election. First
Tuesday afte~ first Monday in ~o~m~r. ~.o yea~ te~.
State Senators - O~e half runs in 1980 in Primary and
~en~raT E]Rcti~n. F~ir yea£ te~m.
U*S. Representatives All z~/~ ~n ~900. Primary
and ~era[
~iectio~s.
410 Cannoa Building
(202) 22~-24&~
C~mm~tteeg: Appropriations;CongressionaL
Operations
Administrative Assistant: Earl Thompso~
Flol.d J* Fithian (D 2,d)
129 Cannon Building
Committees: A~ric~It~re; Governnen~ Oper~tlo~s;
~or~ign A~fairs
Ad~inistvatIve ~ssista~t: Welth Abbott
John Brademas (o-3rd)
1236 Lonqworth S~ildlng
(202) 225-3915
Co~tteeB: Ed~catlO~ ~ Labor; Ho~Se
Administration; T.ibrary
A~,inlstr~tlv~ A~sist~llt: ~dwar~l J. Daw~/~ St.
Parag[sph Number
26.
.q
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Nan !~ayle (R-4th)
1407 ~,~ngw~rth ~uJI~ing
(202) 225-4436
Co~mitte~: Foreign Affair~r ~mall ~usine~
A~mi~is~ive Assistant: i~ste~ Ro~e~
~lwuod H. (~t) Hi,fis (~-5th)
2429 ~yb~ ~l~lqg
(202) 225-5037
Committees: Armed Services: Veterans' Affairs
Adm~ni~tratlv~ As~i~ta~5: ~ob~r~ J~k
DavL~] W. ~vans (D-6th)
438 Canno~ BuLl~ing
(202) 225--2276
Cc~mlttc~s~ ~anki~ ~ir~nce & ~rban A~irs;
Government OpeCat~ons; Aging I~elect)
John T. ~iF~rs (R-7th)
2301 ~ayb~rn BuiIdin~
(2O2) Z25-5805
C~ittee: Appro~riation~
~dm~nis%rative Assistant: Ronald Hardman
Ho J~el Deck~rd (N 8th)
5~7 Cannon Bu±lding
(202) 225-4636
Committees: ~vernment Operations; Veterans'
Affairs
~xecutive Assista~/Offi~ ~lanagex~ ~net
Klinger
Lee H. Hamilton [D-9thl
~47~ Rayburn Building
(2~2) 225-5315
COlll~ltte~sl For~±g~ AC~lrs; St~dar~S of Offi~t~l
~nd!lct~ JoLnt Ecoro~i~
Admlni~t~tive ~ssi~t~nt: Debra Mitler
Philip ~- ~h~rp ID-18th)
1421 Lon~hh Buildin9
(202) 225-3021
Committe~: ~nterior & ~nsular ~ffairs;
Interstate & Foreign Comme~ce
Administrative Asslst~t: J~ck ll~q~
PaFagraph Number
c~
¢,I
GI
(
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Andre~ Jacob,, Jr* (D--11Ch)
lb3~ Longworth Building
(232) 225-4011
Committee: ~ay~ & Means
Le@islativ~ As~ista.ts~ Thomas Hipplep Judy Aitkcn
U.S. ~ena~0rs: - One runs in 19g0.
~i~ch HaZh (D) [19~)
363 R~ssell ~]i[dJnq
[20~) 224-5623
Com~itt@es: Appzo~rizti~ng; ~6i~ia~y;
Intelligence [Zelec~} (Chairman)
Administrative Assistant: TO~ Co~Naught0n
Richard G. ~gar (1582)
5107 D1rksen B~!Iding
(202) 224 4814
Committees: Agriculture, Nutrition & Foregtry;
BaILk±l]~ HUU~I*g, & Ugb~n Affai~; [~t~lligence
{Select]; Foreign Relatlons
Administrative A~s[s£a~fi: Mitchell ~. Dmnie[~, Jr.
KENTUCKY
pr~ary - Firs~ T1/e~day after ~ourth Mmm~ay im May.
General ~lect~on - ~ovemb~r 6~ 1979. First Tuesda~ aEt~
first ~onday i~ N0vembe~.
~o~@r~or . R~ns i~ ~ri~a~y and C~n~ral ~l~ction in 1979.
John ¥. Brown, Jr. (D)
Office of th~ Coveznor
Frankfort, ~eD~cky 40601
1502) 564-26~1
State R~prese~tatlV~S - R~ ~ 1979. E~tire ~o~s~. Two
yea[ te~m.
S~ate ~e~tors - Onc haI~ r~ns tn I~79. Four
year Let,no
U.S. Repres~atatives - All run io lqgO. Same
as General
~lectioa.
C~rr011 ~ubbard, Jr. (D-Ist)
~04 Cannon ~uildinq
(Z0z) ~25-~II~
Co*~mittees; Da~klng, Pin,nee & Urbao
Aff~irsl
Merchant Marime & Fisheries
Ez@c~tive Assigtanh~ ~yn~ Thompson
Paragraph Number
27.
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William H. N~tch~r (D-2nd)
2333 Rayburn Building
(2O2) 225-35~I
Committee: Appropriations
E~¢~tive S~cr~t~y~ Kar~n D~nni~o~
2246 R~ybu~i~ BUZI~±EL~
(202) 225-45~I
commitzees: District of Col~mbla; Judlc~ary;
Intelligence ISeleet)
Adm~nistr~tiv~ Ass~stant~ T. Michael ~ev~ns
2330 Rayb~rn ~uilding
(202) 225-3455
Com~ttees: Merchant Marine % Flsherles; Public
Works & Trans~rtatio[
Admlnistr~tlve Assistant; William ~.
Tanner
2~67 ~yburn Bu~14~ing
(202] 225-46~I
~UsI~ess
~ec~ti~e A~o[otant~ ~thloen Dehnel
Larry J. ~opkins (R-6th)
5~ ~mnno~ ~uil~in9
(202) 225-4706
Committees: Agric~It~e~ Agin~ ~Oeiect)
Adm~nlstrative AssLst~st~ Stev~ Dries~er
C~c[ D. Pe[k~rl~ (O-7th)
23~8 ~vb~rn Bu[l~i,g
(2u2) 225-4935
Committee: ~d~cation & Labor (Chairman)
Ad~ini~tratLve ~sslstast: David M. I@halin
~o~. ~na~r~ - 1980. ?oEd se~t only. (~e as General
Zlec_ion.}
Walter D. H[iddl~ton (D) {19~4)
2113 Dirksen ~Llding
(202) 224-2541
Par~g{aph Number
&1
~4
(
(
£
Co~nittees: A~riculturer Nutrition & Focest~y;
Intelligence I~elect); gmall ~us nsss (Select);
Approprlatio~s
Administrative Assistant: ~dwi~ Gr~ves
w~nAell ~. V~rd (D~ I1988)
4107 Dirksen B1~i[ding
[202) 224-4343
Committees: C~merce, science & Transportation;
Energy S Natural R~s~rE?e~ ~111~
NORTH CAROLZNA
General Electio~ ~ Fl~st "ft~-sda~ ~Ete~ ~iFst Mo~da~ i~
~vem~r.
G~verno~ - Runs i~ 1980. First T~sd~y afte~ ~irs~ Monday
Ln No~mber. Four yeac tec~.
J~mes ~. Hunt, Jr. (D)
Office of t~e ~vefnor
~min£Et~ative B~ilding
I]6 West JO~eS Street
Raleigh. North Carolina ~7~I?
(919) 829-5819
StRt~ ~ep~egentati~es - All run i~ 1989. First T~esday
after first Monday in ~o~e~b~* %~ yea~ te~.
State Senators - All run in ]980. First TUe~da~ after first
~or~ay i~ Nov~m~. ~o year t~rm.
~.~. R~pr~se~t~tivHs -- ~IL full i,l 1980.
WalteT B. Jones (~--Ist)
241 Cunnil~t Buil,l~ng
(2021 225-3|01
CO,u~Itt~e3: Aqric~it~r~; M~ruh~[~t M~rin~ &
?isheries
~d~inist~ative A~sistant: Vloy~ L~pton
%° ~. Fountain (D-Znd}
218~ R~yb~rn Building
I231) 225-45~
Committees; C~v~rn~nt Operations; Foreign
Af[airs
~dmini~t~a%i~ ~s~istant~ Walter ~. Pittman
Pa~ag raph Nu~bor
'.3
~2
~C
(
(
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Charles O. 14hlt[e~ [D-3rd)
404 C~nno~ B~i~i~g
(202) 225-3415
¢Ommlt~ees: Agr CUl~?e; Select COmmittee on
Comi~Lttees
Administrative Ass[stdnt: TJewis Re~
Tke V. Andrew~ (D-4th)
2446 ~4yb~[rl BoLldir~g
(202) 225-1784
Committees: ~d~cation & Labor; AgLng (select]
Administrative Asslstast: Margaret $~igg
5teph~n L. Neai {D-Sth3
331C~nno~ Bui]di~
{202) 225 2071
Commltt~8~: BaRklng. Finance & U£ban Af[~i£~;
S~l~ct N~£zotics
Administrative ~ssistant: Don Abernethy
Richardson pF~yer (D-Oth]
2344 Rayburn 2sildlng
(20~) 22~ 3065
Committees: C~ve~nment Ope~at[onst Ink~Rtate &
~o~ciqn CompEte; $~an~a~s Of Official Con~ct
Administrative Assistant! Doug Copeland
Charlie ~ose (D-7th)
24~ Rayburn Building
(20~) 2~5-2711
Committees: Agriculture; Intelligence (Select);
Ho~e Admlntotrahion
ieqisZ&tlve Assist&hi: John Me~rl£t
W* G. (Bill) Hefn~r (~ Shh)
328 Cannon Bui[dlng
(202) 22%-3715
Committees: Psblic Works & Transportation;
Vete~an~~ A£Eairs
AdJ, i[[isL~Liv~ A~L~t~itt: Bill McW~%~n
~ames ~. Martin (R-gth)
341 cannon Building
(292) 225-1976
Committee: Ways & Means
A~imist~ative ~si~ta~t: James ~, Lofto~
Paragraph Number
A
&l
(2
&l
&l
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Jam~s T. ~rayhill (~-10th)
Z340 ~yburn 5uiiclinq
1202} 225-257~
Co~ttees: Budget; I~erst~te ~ FortY,z! Co~merc~
~dministrative Assistant: ~hil Kirk
Lamer Gudger (D-11th)
4~8 Can~ H~£1ding
(202) 225-640~
Committees: ~nt~rior & ~n~ul~ Af~air~;
Judlciary; Aging (Sel~ct)
~dministra~ive Assistant: Te~pie Bobrowskl
U.~. ~enat~fs - ~ne tuns in 1980. ~lec~ion held o~ r~gu-
]~r ~l~ti~n immediately preced£ng the te~inatlon o~
3e~ ~. Helm~ (R) (1984)
4213 Dirksen Buildin~
(2021 224-6342
~0mmittees: ~gric~u~e~ ~ut~tlon & Forestry;
Foreign ~elat~ons; Ethics (Select)
~ob~t Mocgan (~) [1980)
5313 ~irks~f~ ~uildin~
(2021 224-3154
[l~ban Affairs~ ~th~cs [Select); ~mall ~usiness
Ad~istr~t~v~ ASSiS~: C~rol[ ~gg~t
VIRGINIA
General E~ection*
General ~ection ~ F±r~t T~e~ay ~f~r ~ir~ ~ond~y i~
Governor ILt, Cov~r~or, etc.) - 1981, Fi~s~ T~es~ after
~h~ ~i~t ~oEld,~ in No~embe~ an~ever~ ~o~r y~a~.
John ~. ~alt~n (~)
O~fic~ of ~h~ C~v~r~or
State Capitol
~ichmond, vlrq~nia ~32~
(~Q4) 77~-2Z~I
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5tat~ HOUSe Of D~!~qates -- 1979, S~Me as ~overnor ~nd f0~
two y~ar terms.
~tate ~n&~e~s - 1981. Sa~c ~s governor and ~or ~o~r y~a~
tetras,
U.S. Representatives - 1983. Ce~e~a~ ~lection and
Primary El~ction.
Pau; ~. ~rihle, Jr. (R-Ist)
3~6 Ca~llo~ Buildir~g
(202) 225-4261
U0m~ittees; A~e~ ~ervlces; ~ershant Mafl~e &
Fisheries
A~inistrative Assistant: GUS ~dwar4s
G. Wi]lia~ W~it~hur~t (R-2nd)
2427 Rayb~rn Buiidia~
{202) 225-4215
Commlttees; Arme~ services; Intelliqence [Select~
Administrative Assitant: Charles H. Fitzpatrick
David E. SatterfLeld IzI (D-3rd)
234S RayhL~rn Buildl~g
{202) 2~5 2015
Committees: Interstate & Foreign C~mmerce;
V~t~[4f~' Af[4irs
Administcative Assistant: R° Gray Armistead
Rober~ M. Daniel, Jr. (K-4th)
2236 Rayb~rn Buildl%g
(~02) ~25 636~
Committees: Ar~ec ServLces: District of Columbil
A4ministretive Assistant; ~ha~ ~. Murray
Da~ Dani~l (D-~th)
1705 Lungwu:th Buil~lil~
(202) ~5-4711
Ccmmittee: ~rmed Services
Administrative Assistant: Fred Fletcher
Mo C~idwell Butler IR-~th)
409 Cannon Buildinq
(202} Z~5 543~
C~mm/tt@es: Ju~ici~Yy;~o~ern~ent~pe~at[n~
Adxliuistr~tiv~ As~i~tai~L: Erailk Co~l~y
Psrsgraph Number
.,j
G1
£n
G1
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J, Kennatb Robinson {R-Tth}
22]3 gayburn ~u~idin~
(2~2) 225~656~
C0~mzttees~ Approprlatlon~; Intelligence (~clect)
A~mini~t~ati~e A~[~ta~t: Chris M=~hi~en
Herbert £. ~arris I£ (D-Sth)
1114 Longwarth NuLl~ng
(2C2) 225--4376
Committee~: ~i~t~ict of Co~umbla~ Ju~£c~ary~ ~os~
Office & Civil ~ervice
Admi~i~tratLve ~i~tant~ Chr£~to~he~
Spa~o~
William C. Wampler (~-gth)
24~2Rayburn ~uildin~
Co~mitte~: Agr£~ult~re; AqLnq (~elect)
AdlRi~i~t~tive ~sslsta~: 12~vld W/lqh~
~o~e~h L. Fisher (~thl
22~ Cannon Bulldinq
(2~2) 225-5136
~o~l~ittGe~: Wa~ & M~a~s; Select Co~rlitte~ o~
commltte~
Adi~il~i~t[~Liv~ ~ss~t~t: John L. ~or~a~
~.~° ~enator~ - On~ ~u~ ~n 19~2. Ceneral ~l~ctio~ a~d
~i~a[~ ~leCtLQ~.
~arrZ F. Byrd, ~. (~} (I~S2)
~17 Russell ~ild~ng
(~02) 224-4024
C0m~ittGe~: A~ ~ervic~s[ Finance
A~mini~trative Assistant: J~ck F* Davis
John War~er IR) (1984)
62~9 Difksen Building
(~02) 224-2023
C~mihtee~: A~ ~ervice~; C~ae~ce, ~cience
A~ministrative Assistant; Aibe~t Applega=~
Faragraph Numb~
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OTHER VOL~TARy ACTIONS
Fr~q~le~t letters to elected 0[ficia~ a~d heads of
government agencies can be e£fective and are e~cour&ged*
BUt hh~e are other volmnt~ry actions you ~a~ ~n~ert,~ke in
sHpp0rt of yOHF ~le~S,
Yi$±t~our re resentatl%e, U,~, $~aLor$ aL]~
Repc~sentatives make frequent apperances in their ~istrict
to "~et the mood of the people." If yo~ ~@e a~ e~ected
official at a ~ish fryt church dinner, fair or other eventt
do not hesitate to dlscuss aatters of importance with him.
When i~ Washingtont visit your Senator or
Representative as a private citizen. Yo~ may call ahead for
an aDpointmef%tl b~t ~t is no~ essential. Congressional
oTfice staffs are prepared tc handle unexpected V~S~tS ~om
into hi~ office.
If you know a C~ngres~a~ pec~ona~ly, it is acceptable
to dlSCUSS yo~ V~eWS w~th hl~ over the telep~0De.
~n i>ersonal and telephone conversations with the
CoDgressmen~ follow hhe s~e g~idel%nes presented in the
letter-writing section: ~ c~nc{~e, ~[)pl~~ ~our ~tatements
with fact~ nnd flqu[~, 5e ~lite~ and state specific bill
n~be~s if ~ssible.
~ol~tar~ election c~a£~ work~ If ¥uu ~re~ with a
candidate's views and wish to support him personally, here
is a llst Of a~t~o~s yo~ can take. To ~et ~tarted as a
campalq~ helper, call the party or campaign headq/arters and
vol~nteer fo~ ~n~ or several Of the following:
* Uslng your ~peclal talests (WElting,
entertaining, etc.) ~h~ch Cam ai~ a candidate.
* H~qu~CL~S ~ol~*%teer work (tel~pho~e
answering, mail handling, etc.).
* Home vol~nh~ec wsxk !making t~lepho~e call~.
addressLng envelopes~ etc.).
* D0or-to-door delivery of campaign materials.
Canvassing the precinct to register poopl~ to
vote.
* Neighborhood ~offees so people i~ your
precinct cam meet the ~andidate.
* Phone calls ald car service on electio~ day to
get the vot~.
* WorMi~ the ~ILs In your pr~cisct.
Psragraph Number
31.
]2°
34.
35.
01
u~
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Expresg ~n1~r vimw~ t~ fri~g And relatives. Tqi~ is
perhap~ youl b~st up~zt~nlty tl) cilnv[nc~ people OC Ch~
~E~£ O[ your sid~ o- t~e tobacco co~tr0veEsy,
Wrl~e l~tters ~o ~he ~di~or of ~ewsp~pers and ~&gazines.
~axi~um: Two or three ~ar~gra~hs: never mor~ than a page.
The lettec to the editor is always a~ e~fe~tive medium to
give your react~o~ to m~l~ coverager g0v~e~tal ~ctio~
an~ othe~ ~e~e~sI l~tt~rs.
Write letters to TV o~ ~adlo editorial dlrectcrs,
Maximum% length: One paqe* ~gst b~oadcasting stations
express editorial views a~d give ~be pt%bli~ an oppo~zunity
to ~spond. Several have c~ll-in lines. Both are
opp~rt~nit~c~ fo~ ~u to h~v~ your v[cw~ Tle~ by a
~ar~icipate in broadcast "~hon~-in" ~h~s, ~ ~ he~
a p~0ne-in sh0~ dealing wi~h an issue c~itical to ~u o~
the in~t~y, ta~ a~v~ntag~ ~f the oppor~inity to express
y0~ £~sO~al views, ~pea< clea~y and wi~h ~onfidence a~d
~se ~ig~res a~d facts to back u~ yo~ opinions.
Paragraph Numl~r
36.
37.
38.
39.
',3
fJl
INDIANA
~J
,=
YI
5-
• " 4
:M.ON
f
G~ORGIA
110 Oi~t~ictm )
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Paragraph Number
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30-33
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(The following Quostions & Answers section is reprinted
~rcm an ar-lcle p~bl~s~ed by The ~obacc0 In~tltute*)
QUEST~OMS & ANZ~EES
I[Ldividuels ~ssoci~ted with &]l~ tobacco i=Ld~stry o_-t~
are confronted by thought-pro~okinq questions regardLng smok-
£ng and h@alth, pubiL~ ~mokzn~ and other is~uu~ which mak~ ~p
the CO~trov~r~ s~rr0~din~ tn~ ~ndustr~. ~[i th~ ~st, ~in-
ployees have ~ot been adequately equipped to ~eal with these
quest lo~s°
q~e fn~]~wimg section con%aiRs q~e~tions and answer~
Th~se q~eS~lO~S hav~ bee~ acc~l~ted fro~ q~D~p discuSSionS
and media intex~ziew~ with industry ~pok~p~on~. Th~
~llowlng que~t~on~ and an~we~ ~re not in~en~d to ~ake
"s~okesperso~" out of tobacco company employees, but they
are in~ended to provide u~efu[ i~fo~atio~ ~h~t thc i~sucs.
General Smokinc ~n~ Health
Q: ~oe~ smokin@ cause lunq =~ncer, emphysema, zardmovascular
d~s~as~ ~d bru~lch±tis?
N~ one k~ows. Eci~nt~fio ~e~a~ch hag not e~tablighed
5hat smo~ing causes disease. We all kno~ uhat many
S~le~tls%$ hav~ sald smoking casses certain diseases,
but other restored ~esea~cners believe ~a~sc has not
been s]~w~. One uh~ng [~ clear-~nore [e~drch ±S i[e~d~.
A:
HOw can you ~eny the ove~,helminq statistical evidence
The ca~e aqalnst smoklng is based almost entirely on in-
~renc~ xrom grit±stick. ~ut mo~t ~c±enti~ts will agree
t~at s~l~ic~l ~ssocla~ions cannot ~s~abll~h cause ~nd
eEfect. ~tatlstlcal asso¢iatl0ns are ~n~ cl~es which
show the n~ for clinical a~d l~bo~atory ~×pc~i~nts.
T~er@ are o~he~ flaws in the statlst~cal argiu~ents~ SUCh
a~ the relJah~] ~ty c~f the dat~. By the way, the~e J~ a
~ti~tic~ ~so~&at~on b~t~e~ lun~ ~c~ and ~h~ u~
of electric ~az0~s. ©bvic~sly the q~esti©ns are coL~p~×
and ~nly b~ol~glc~ ~a~h ¢~n gll~ t~'e a~s~
Q~
A:
~n~t the~ such ~ th!n~ as "~mo~r~ i~"? Ca~It a
NOt accordlng to ex[~rt testl~ony presented before
Congresg~onal c~nlttee. ©~ p~th¢logist stated: "It
p~ra~ Fapl~ ~4U:11b~[
I.
2.
3.
4,
C
JS not ~x%SSlble, grossly or microscopically, or in any
other way ~own to me, to d~s%ing~sh b~L~ll LLI~ l~L,j
of a smoker or nonsmoker.' ~nother expert said, "I would
~stlm~t~ that ~ 1,000 p~logi~t~ in thi@ oo~t~y~ 999
we,ll ~y, 'I c~uld ii~ ~ll,' a~d ~he Cther twJ w~uld
say~ 'I could t~ll,' and tha~ those two who coull tell
either b~ some divin~ intuition or we_-~ ~ot t~lling th~
truth."
L~ Cancer
DOn'L all of the medical e~iJezt~ in Lh~ U.S. ~r~ thdt
smoklng causes lun~ cancer?
A~ c~ ;IL~LLeX of f~ts th~z~ ~[~ res[~cted ~cJentJstu who
do not believ~ that s~0ki~q has been sulentlfic~lly estab-
lished a~ a cause Of l~g cancer. ~°hey ask questlon$
]i<e: %~y ai~d how do no~s~o~rB get l~g c.~ce~ ~ind ~y
~o ~l~ost smokers ~%ot get lung cancer? They also note that
~o one has b~en ~bl~ to demonstrate the mechanism or
~echa~i~s ~le~by t~ls disease develops.
A:
Won't you co~cede that sm0kLnc is a prime suspect as a
cause of ~un~ ~ancer?
~ci~ntist~ ~en~lly ~gree that lung c~nc~z is a multi-
factorial d~sease, i•~., -~ ha~ been statistically asso-
cla~e~ wltb man~ f~cto~. ~e~e include occ~p~tlo~
~eographical location, sex, urbanlzation and several
otilers, a~ well ~s s~o~ing. But f~tor do~ no~ mean
cause• Whether any of t~ese suspects plays a d~flnlte
role in the cau~tio~ Of thi~ ~ise~se ~s as yet ~kno~.
Q~
A:
Didn't ¢iqarette smok~n~'s ~ularity bring aho~t the
FirG£ of all, there is a ~ inorease in l~u9 canoer
~or%allty. 6u~ usin~ tl*£! t~rm "epide~Lc" serioAsly ove[--
~i~plifies a com~le× s~tuation. W~nen you carefully
~mine the claimed increase, y~u find tilat mor~ lu~
¢~nceE b~s been ~o~nd becaus~ p~,s~cza~s are De~t~r
~qlli~p~ ~ =in~ it, A~tb~F ~n~id~raK~n i~ ~h~ ~llg-
~esti~n that lunc ~n~er h~ b~ ~ "~x~pular" di~
to ~iag~os~ ~D ~noKerS-~l~ o~her WDrds~ ph~Slc~a~ a~
finding more l~n~ ca~r (~h~ther o~ not it act/~lly
~xist~) becd~ they ~re l~okir~ ~or~ for it. In ~n
article dealing with detection Di~s in r~tes of di~as~,
F~ns~ein ~tates, • • • * . Cigarette smoking ~a~¸ ~ad
more ~o ~he d~agnosis of l~ng c~ncer than to the disease
itself. ,,
Paragra0h NL~DeF
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7.
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Q: ~fnoe more wome~ than ever ate smoking, aren't their
A~
lun~ cdrlcmr dm~t}l r~tc~ ~l~£n~ ~orc ra~idl~ tha~ menqs?
U.~. wc~ne~i~ l~ng cancer Yates nave re[~rt~d]y be~n
rl~ing f~ter th~n men~ since the e~ly 1960s. ~ow-
~e~ the la/]g c~c~r ~ath rate of woiI~ is 1~ss th~n
one-thl~d t~at of me~, according to flgure~ fro~ the
analyzed ~l~ women's l~ cancer C~Ses e~tering one
British hospital through ~ 17-year ~erio~l. ~e concluded
that tl~ l~cr~a~ iu~qg c~cer &~c~dence "~y be ~ ~c~
to smoking but to some a~ yet ~n~ec~gnized cause." We
~st consid~r~ fo~ inst~nc~, that th~ q~ality Of ~i~gnos
tic t~st~ h~s greatly fmproved over the ledrs and physi-
cians ~e it~ng mo~ o6 ~m* In othe~ w~ds, ca~e~ ot
l~ cancer in wom~n a~ well as men ~e b~i~ d=~no~ed
today that may have been overlooked In the past. Also,
~or~ ~n~ mo~e ~en ar~ ~nnerlng the werk force and
1~ovlrlg ±~it~ job~ t~d~iL±~[L~lly h~ld by iiL~n. Ill ~iil~
SO, they ~ay be ~×posing themselves to more occupational
carcinogens.
Keart Ois~s~
Q~ l~n't it falrlF well e~ta~lish~d that =m~kinq tallies
A:
h~ar t (]iscdsc?
No. ~hi!~ ~ain ~t~dies nave shown a ~t~t~tical
~ssoclat[c~ betwee~ ~Ok~Eg a~d h~ar~ di~e, th~1~
are uth~s which s~ggest that smoking doesn't even f~t
into th~ ~tatistl¢~l plc~u~c. Development of heart
disease has be~ ~sSOclat~d ai~o wlth ~a~ ~o-called risk
[actors, ~llch ~n ch~l~she~(ll, hi~l blood ~resst~r~, dl&-
b~L~, c)b~tyr ~nd nell/ r~cogni~ed f~rs includin~
personality, family h~story of heart attacks and urban
v~r~ r~al regi~, wh~her and tc] what ~×tent
t[ic~ f~ct~r~ ~z~ ~s~onslble f~;r h~rt d~®a~e r~nain
perplexlng questions for the s~entific comm~Ity.
Q: Arc women wh() smoke more likely to have heart diseas~
A:
than nonsmokers?
~om~ ~t~dl~ ~n ~h~w ~ore wom~n s~okers ~l~ h~art d~s-
e~s~ ti~n nons~Qok~rSo Th~ c~u~l point, though, is
t!~a~ S~V~Z~[ ~hyslcal a~ b~havlo~al Va~l~bles are ass0-
~at~d with dls~ases of ~Pe h~art; f~w ~-]l~s, ~p~cl-
ally tbos~ involving ~EI1~i~, }]~ve ~nv~sti~at~d mor~ than
two or three of thes~ varl~bles at one tim~. Accordlnq
to the d~ctor of on~ large ~t~dy that d~d Jn~e~ate
~ost recog~iz~d va~labl~, ~©klng "te~d~ ~o b~ d ~LDor
cardiovascular risk f~ct0r, overall, LD WCI~e~o"
Paragraph Number
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10.
TI.
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Tobacco Smoke Components
Aren'~ th~!ze cance[-causinq agents IN tobacco smokey
Eon't the~ ~x~lain the association between smokinq and
c~Jlce,7
A: For more than 20 years now, cancer researchers have hec~n
trying t~ zdentify c~nents in tobacco ~moke that are
baf~tsl to ~an health. To date, howeveF, they have
n~t identified mmy ingrod-~t or group of ~ngrada~nts,
as fUUZld in ~b~cco smok~, tha~ ca~s~ h~an disease.
~: DoesnQt tobacco t'tar" pr¢~du~e eancur in annals?
A: Contrary to ~x~pular belief, hi, an smokers ave not ex~el
t~ tobacco smoke ~on~|cnsatu--commonly referred =o as
"tar." tobacco "tar', is a iabo,-atory product that is
usuali~ i~roduced by ~ssing tobacco smok~ throuqh a cold
L~p at aI% ~xtz~:l~ly i~ L~[II~X~LU!~----~ pIUC~ Lhd~
human smokers slmpiV do not experlence. Hence, the rele-
vance Gf =n±mai e~1>eriment~ with tobacco "tar" is dubious.
And l; should be remembered that, despite ~reat efforts
by many ~cientists, h~nan-type lung cancers have not
~en producgd in laboratory an~2~als as a result cf ex~
sure to tobacco smoke.
A:
I~%y are man~factureIs producinq mo~e low 'tar" and nico-
tine ciqa~ettes and advertisln~ those bxands heavily if
there is no heal~h risk involved in smokinq high "car"
a~d nlcoLlne cigarettes?
Clgarette manufacturers are producing low **tar'. and ~ico-
tine cigarettes in response to consulter ~and for t]lo~
product~. Your i~rception of the growth of the low ":ar"
segment is correct. Sales of c-garettes with less than
~5 milligrams "~ar" ancient ~ncreased su~tantlally in
9977 ~lld 1978 a~id now Eaxe ~p roughly cne third of the
total ciqarette marke=. 0nl]~ a few years aqo 10w ',tar,.
at~d nicotine cigarette~ w~re an insigni£~cant part of the
market. This very rdpid shift shows th~ (:i~drutt~ manu-
facturers' responslven~ss to custoners' chanqlng prefer-
ences. The advertising ~mpha~is s~mply ~ollo~ the
s~ift in consumer d~mand. No Clgarets~, m~nufacturer
says there is no health risk involved In smoking hlgh
"5~" ~%d n~c~tine br~]ds. A~ with the questlon of
smoking a~d dxsease in general, no one ~nows.
W~nen and S~okinq
Q: A~e more women smoklnq toca~ than ever before?
A: ~e~. A~rently, the ntu~h~ ~f adult /~nerlc~n ~:n~n
smoking today ~S larger _kan ever be~ore. B~t so ~S the
ParagtapP Number
12.
13.
14,
.,j
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Q:
A;
Q:
A;
n~b~r of w~ul~n i~l Lhe ndtion° However, accord,rig ~o
1978 goverDment flgu~es, the ~ of women 3mokers
is the lo~t i~ over 30 y~ar~.
Isn~ a woman's smokin~ likely to cause birth defects in
her Chltdren?
pzegnan2y ~nd ¢bildbirt~ and frequently do not ~eflect
the ~rue state of the evidence. ~¢ie~tiflc flnd~nc~ ~re
in¢~[icl~$~ve i~ ~]lls ~r~* ~vcral large ~c~le popula-
tion ~t~/die~ have failed to est~bLl~h a~y rela~1on~hi~
between sm~klng ~nd blrth defects. It simply cannot b~
stated ~S fact that s~Oklng adversely affects the fet~.
But can't sfrLoking during preqnancf retard a child's later
~owth and learnln@ ability?
Despite the fact that former HEW ~ecretary Cal~fa~o ~-e-
fcrred ~o "dcvelopmo~tally disahle~" children of smoking
mothers, careful e×amlnation of the existing scientific
evldenc~ dc*esnlt sup nort st~ch alleqations. A Brisish
5tudyt on ~hl~h such claims ~pparently ~re ba~ed, fo~id
that the size of a seven-year-old child was assoclated
wl~h a ~l~ber of =act~r~, incllldi~q the ~cieecono~c
5tdt~s of tllc ~r@nt5 and ord~-~ o~ birth. ~nd~e~,
researcher's at Johns Ho~klns U~iver~ity who followed
chlldre~ born of s~o~in~ and non~okzng mothers rel~rted~
"at fou~ and seven ye~rs th~r~ wa~ flu ~ignlEic~l~t dlf[~n-
ence in either phys£cal measur~sents or intellectual
Q; Doesn't rese~rGh~rov@ that worsen em~kCrs bare ~maller
bable$ 5tan non~Okln~ wo[%en?
Z~v~[,~ ~tUdleS do incicat~ that b~bi~s ~6 s:~oki~q wyman
on the averaq~ ~elqh les~ than infant~ ~f nons~cklng
mother~. But .t i~n~t ~cient±flcally co~ect tc ~a~
tha~ ~moki~ causes th~ |i)w bilth weight* !rt ~ac~,
DI. J~cob Y~ushalmy d~mo:~trdted that smoking women
in his L~r~ study group t~n~cd to have s~alle~ babi~
~ven ~e~ t~ey tOOK ~ the ~O~l~g h~bit. I~IS ~g-
~ts t~t numer¢)L~ hi~l~ica] ~n~ ~cl~l f~cto~ C~n
affect ~h~ weight of a newborn baby ~nd ~moking m~y ~>r
[~y not b~ [l~e of the~.
Q: Aren*t women who use birth control pills and smcke likely
A:
c~ndzdates for c~%rdiov&ocl~inr disease?
Th±~ claim ha~ not been scientifically proven* ~e~&l
population ~t~di~ have ~h~wn a po~s~ble i~creas~
F'~graph Number
16.
17.
~8.
,.3
19.
(
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statistical risk for Wo~n in thi~ category hut the ~-
bet o2 wonlen ~t~di~d w~s ~IL~!I d~id ~v~r~l importan~
factocs ~e~e not considered. Inte~es~in~!y. several
pr~ine~t St~tistici~E~ ~¢~ntly criticized th~ FDA ~n
~n~r~s£~n~l i1~rillg for requirln~ a war[liRg in or~l
contraceptive packages about smoking. The experts
pointed o~t that the available ~ta were de,±cleat ~
1~any respects and ~he w&r~ing was ±n~pr~pr~te bas~ o~
~he ~v~d~nc~,
~Jblic ~okinq
Q: HOW can you smoke when ~o~ k~ow yo~ ~e c~usin~ h~alth
pro~l~s to nonsmokers i~ the s~ roo~?
~klng ~n public pla~s has not been ~roven to be ha~-
f~l ~ th~ hcalth of the ~rm~l no~l@~ok~r. ~v~n ~o~ of
the scle~t~sts who c~arge t~at smoking C~$es lw~g c~nc~
i~ the s~er ~i~gr~e wi~h cla!~ ~h~t "~co~ha~"
smok~ d~g~s ~h~ he~th ~f th~ non~ok~.
A.
~L dbu~t ~upl~ ~Io d~ dll~[gi¢: tD tubdccO SmOke?
H~ Can they ~rotect themselves fr~ smo~e in th~
Although many people talk about tobacco allergy, it has
n~vcr b~ established ~nat tobacco ~m~ke ~licr~ exlst~.
~Cle~tlS~S Slmp~y do act k~ow whether or not t0b~cco
~r~lls. Even the 1979 ~urg~on C~n~r~l~ Report st~te~t th~
"the existence of a true tobacco smoke allergy has not
been cleaxly establlshed."
Q: Aren't ~here studies which show that ~eoole with heart
AI
and l~g disease are ha~d b~ exposure to tobacco S~oke7
There is ~ st~ inv~ivin~ ten h~rt dls~a~ pat~nt~
~iC~l re&~es • conci~slon t~at d~cr~aEe~ tolerance to
e~erci ~ ~ccu~ a~ter ~xp~t]re t~ tobacco ~m~k~. q~ne ~]n-
us~l nature of th~ ~x1~nent as well a~ the findings
hav~ be~ criticized by varloHS sclentls"-s. Ther~ Is
also a serious quest~o~ a~t the r~levance of the ex~ri-
m~Et to z~d~ lif~ sit.diStortS. A~ f~r pd~i~:lt~ with l~g
disease, a w~ll-known exp~rt in the field addressed the
i~sue ~t a ~ongre~s~onal hearing in 197~: ~he fact~
that we now h~ve do no~ e~ablish %h~ smoking ~n publlc
places e[the~ C~use~ ~.t~q disease or ~o~s~s th~ statHs
oE ~t~e~t~ with ~ng i~%~ d~ea~."
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Q:
A:
Isn't it trLl@ that Children can b~ harmed by thoi,
yON may have heard antls~o~inq cia,s that breathing
c~g~re~te s~oke c~us~s res~ira~Gr~ dl~ease in children.
The research i$ very l~co~ste~t o~ th~ s~ject. Most
of the stLv~ie~ that p~ur~ort to show the ha~ful ~ffects
of parentdl ~noking have been cri~ic~ze~ p~bllCly be-
canine of ~or study ~e~ign ~n~I l;rLwa~rdnte~ cc]rlt~l~]~i¢~L~.
In One ~ the largest ~t~d~ o~ ~]le ~ub~tt Y~le re~
searchers were quite clear on the meanin9 of ~heir
find~ng~ "~e c~clude t~ ~ur~ ta low lev~s of
~i[L~ke ~col]uc~i by c~gd~tt~ ~milk~[~ do~ not [e~u[t ~IL
c[]rOI}l~ r~s~£K~to~y ~y~IptoL~S or lOSS of l~Ig f~u1~hlo~
a~n~ children nor amon~ adults."
Q:
A:
Doesn't the non~okln~ in this countr~ have the
right to 2~SS a law bannLn~ ~rette~o~n~ in ~UbllC
b~, Not in my o~inion. Such a law would be comEletely
~justified as a f~ctign Of gov~ant in ou~ society.
"fole[611[:~ is thu cor[%e[shoil~ uf C]~i~ ~uu/it~y'~ ~11LO~E~¢y,
There is no proven health dai%ger to normal 11onsmo~ers--
tho r@al problem is annoyance. "2his is a social matter
wh&ch msst be lef~ to ~-ople to resolve tb~oug~ manual
cou~tes~. ~ws dictating perso~a[ conduct, arreGLs,
flne~ a[~d for~d ~gre~tion aro an l~appr~px~ate moans
of dealing with a soc~a£ sltuat~oa. ~f t~ere are going
to be laws pronibitin~ smoking in pnhlic ~]ac~, ~here
~houid ~r~izlly b~ law~ pzohib±tin9 stronq p~nfume~
bodv odDr, untrained pets, etc. Where ~o you stop with
~uu}l law~?
Advert[sina
How muc~ msney does the tobacco industry s~end each year
in adv~rtisin~ to attract new smokers?
A:
~rle. ~igarette adv@rti~in9 z~ bEa~J a~vertising. Its
purpo~ i~ L~ u~l~e ~dili~L othe~ ~za[ids for present
COngresS, not to attract new Smokers.
Q:
A:
Don't you feel gu!ItF l~riNq children into starti~
~moki~q w~th your ~l~orou~ adver~i~in~
The Dur~os~ of cigarett~ a~vert~sing is to estahl~sh
b~an~ l~yaltyt not t~ att~t n~w sm~k~r~, whatever
t~r ~ge~. ~ok~n~ ~S a~ ~dult C~om; whether or ~ot
~ smo~e ~bould be a choice f~ the ~divid~al and that
choic~ should be made only by informed adults* ~r~ner
more, cigarette ads display ~o ~odels unde~ 25 years of
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26"
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age, no entertai~aent celebritiQs a~d no athl~te~.
Studies ~&V~ ~ug~os~ed ~ve~l ~so~s why Chlldre~ s~rt
~Oklng. ~/t ~S John ~l~ney, Dl~eCtor Of 2~%4~ Offlc~ o~
Em~k~ ~nd ~c~th, stat~ds ". . • ~dvert±sin~ cerLalnly
is ~OL the C~±p~t."
Q~
Since smDking amon~ children seems to be such a Frobl~,
why doe~It th~ ind~str~ ~darta~ an adve~t~sinq c~
~i~n that di~-u~age~ utaildren frum s~nokinq?
The po~ition of my company w~th r~gord t~ who ~h~l]~
smoke ~ ~ has always ~een the sa~. ~mo~ing ~ a~
adult custom to he ~njoyed by inf~med a3ults. ~e mai£-
rain a strl~t policy a~in~t pr~o~i~q c~garettes t~
alr~ad~ deall~j ~e~onsi~ly ~ith this issue.
Smokin~ and Addiction
Q: When ycu say the individaal should be free to choose
whethe~ oE not to smoke, doesnlt this iqnorc the fact
Ulat s~me s~oke~s can't 4~lt because L~.e~ are a~dicted~
A; Ou/ culture s~ms to uv~use the word "addiction" to t~
p3Lnt that it has lost meaning--parents aorry ti*at tk~elr
kld~ ar~ "addicted" to TV; couples ~g~e over th~ hus-
baild's "addictio~" to pla~in~ golf ~v~zy S~tuld~y; ~v~i.
a U.S. Senator stated during a conqressionai hea[i~q
that he ~a~ "addicted" to chock, late. ~i~:~y ~*iti~mok~rs
reason t]ldt sinc~ p(20~l@ will no~ sto~ Smokinq, ,__21e},
must be addicted. This simple reasoning is highly sus-
pect when one coas~de~s how c~nplex the ~otivations for
smoking are. An article in a na3or medlcal 3oul'nal ~ade
this l~int recently after reviewinq ~acy of the theories
on mno}~inq beh~%.io~: "B~t ~hat m~kcs i>~ople ~moke in
still largely a mystery."
~; D~n'[ ~eupl~ ~nukw b~c~u~ they ~e ~d~icte~l tu the
rlicoti~e in cigarettes?
~spi~e ~ears of research no one know~ precisely why
people smoke. Smoking has been described as a complex
behavior. ~ifferont [~ODlc smok~ foe different reasons.
Szlemtiscs don't agree that nicotine is "addictuve."
Dr. Daniel R~rn, fo~nerly of the National Clearinghouse
on Smokln~ ~Id ;lealth, ca~tioned; "Th~ sclentif~c evi
dence on that ~int has g~o~n,~ ~apidly to show that you
cannot account (o~ smoki~q br, havior on t3e ba~i~ of
some such simple kind cf phy~lcal ~ddictlu~ LO
nicotine . • • ."
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Smoklnq an@ ~:cupation
Q: Doesn't smokinq increase the risk of disease for workers
A~
in ce~t~in occu~e~ion~
Studle~ so far are inc0ncluslve and, i~ ~ome instances,
~ay b~ biased. ~ome ~c~enti~ts belleve ~hat too litt£~
att~ntio~ h~s bee~ ~ald ~o occupat£o~ as & ~a~ise Of d~s-
~° DT. Th~i)d~r ~ter[inq, a -.~Jenti~ who ha~ ~1~n~
betwee~ smokin~ occupation~ and dl~ease need~ s~rious
cla~ificatlon. ~mok~ng apl~ea~ to bav~ b~en used to ~i-
~uzt ~tL~l~Lioll ~y fzc~ th~ ~[f~cts of occup~tion~l ~d
of e~viroDrae~l exposur~ , , ,"
Q:
A:
isn't there a s[ner~istlc effect between smokin~ and
o~cu~l t ~o n~l e~o~ ur c?
~yn ergy [ the-who~- J ~-gr eater-than-the-s~-~f -the-par ~ )
is ~ highly teshn~l ~d ~onfuslnq ¢o~pt, M±~use of
t~e word has led many geOple to beL~ev~ Ehat ~t ~S smok-
ing which cause~ the increased c~%nc~ i~ciden~ ~o~n~ in
~m~ c~ccu~tiorl~, T~u often ovezlouked, h~w~v~J, az~
fi~r~s which S~ow ~ii i~¢~ased sa~c~[ rlsk for workers
who do not s~o~eo Na~-io~al Ins~t~t~ ~ O~¢u~at±onal
~a~etv ant Keal~h o~fLClal Dr. Josep~ w~qo~er recently
stated before ~ Senate s/bcD~mlttee that st~d±es of
~ani~ mlners h~ve "d~onstr~t~d a ~gn£f~¢ant ~xcess
cJ gar~tt~ smo~in~. "
Q: ~aalt asbestoG ,~ofksrs who smoke r~ 92 %i~e$ the risk
A:
of develDping l~ cancer~
Yhe "92 ~i~es ~he risk" ~la~m ~erq~d from a ~96~ r~rt
by Sellko~f and Ma~o~d. After suudying a gzoup of d~-
bestos i~sulatio~ worke~ Selikoff and ~am~0nd calcu-
lated that ~sb~s~o~ workcrG who ~okcd had 92 t~me~ the
Di~k o~ ~i~ o~ £~ ca~¢~r th~ workers wK~ ha~ ~elthe~
smoked nor been exposed to asbestos° Al~hough this claim
has been widely quote~ ~h~ statistical ~l~l~tion ~s
~t~es of a~be~tos ~o~k~rs s~n¢~ Ig6~, none ha~ ~e[~rt~
'2:
A~
~qouldn'c s~okin~ be banned in the workplace?
~he available ~ci~ntlf~c evld~nc~ doesn't justify b~an~-
in~ SmC~L~A~ ~S the ca~ o~ the r~igort~d increased r~sk
of clJs~a~e i~ certain ~c~1]pation~. Dr. Dh~odor St~rli~g
du not find support for claims that smok~n~ is the major
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Smokin@ and O~cu~tion
Q: [~,e~nlt ~mokim~ increas~ the risk of disease for workers
A:
A~
in c~rtaln occ~atlons?
~tudie~ ~o far ~re inconcluslv~ ~nd, in ~me ~stan~e~,
may b~ biased. Som~ ~ci~ilti~L~ b~li~ve =ha~ too 1~ttle
attention has b~en pald =o occupation as a cause nf dlS-
ease. Dr. Tbeodor Sterling, a 8clentlst who ha~ done
r~s~aECh i~ oCC~lO~al he~it~ 5ald, "~e relatlonshlp
between smoking, 0c~/pation, and disease needs serious
clarification. Smoking appears to hav~ be~n used t~ di
vert dtten~on ~w~y t~ the e~fects of occ~tlo~al a~
ig~It there a g~m~y~ist~c e~f~ct hetw~@n smoking a~
occu~tional e~posur e~
Syner~y I the-whcle-ls-greater-hha~-the4,~-of-the-parts)
Is a highly tec~nlcal a~ C0~f~slng C0~Cep~ M/s~se of
the wor~ has led many people to belleve that i~ is smok-
ing ~:i~h causes the increased carLcer incidence fo~Id ~n
Some occupatlons. Too often overlooked, however, are
flgu~es ~hlch show an inczeased cancer ~isk for ~rk~rs
~*c ~o nut ~k~J N~Lio*lal 2n~titute of O~c~patio~lal
Safety and ~ealth official Dr. Joseph Wagener recently
stated befo~e a Se~ate s~bc~mlttee that studies of
urani~ miners have "d~on~t~d d Signi~iu~n~ ~ce~
of lung cancer . . . This exce~s is i~depende~t of
cigaEctt c smokl~g."
Q; Doiu'5 msbestos ~ork~s who smoke run 92 tl~es the risk
A~
of deuelopinq Iung cancer?
~[~ "92 t~n~ th~ r~sk" claim ~eE~e~ from ~ 19~8 r~o~L
by Seli~off and Hammond. After studying a ~roup of as-
bestos insulat£on worker~ Selik~ff and Har~nd calcu-
lated that d~eSLo~ ~Or~rs Who ~o~ed ~ad 92 ~i~es 5he
~i~k ¢f dyiag of lung cancer th~n ~3rkers who had neither
smoked nor b~cn e~posed to asbo~tos. Altho~gh this ~la~
~as been widely quoted, the stati~ti=al calculation is
open to serious qu~tlon. In ~act, in the nu~ero~
~t~d±~ o~ a~b~sto~ workers ~i~¢~ 19G8, none ha3 reported
f~qtkres anywhere ~ear those of Selikof~ a~d Hammond.
Q:
A;
Shouldn't smoking be baaned in the workplace?
~he a~amlaDle scientifiz evldenC~ coesn't jastZfy braad-
i~g s~ing as the cause of the relx~rted ±~cre~sed risk
of di~e in ~er~aln occu~tions. Dr° ~neodor ~terlinq
recentl~ wrote, "In a~alyzing %he available evidence, we
do not ~ind support for ela~mms that smoklnq is the major
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hazard to workers' lungs. Rather, it is the nature of
t]%~r j~hs that s~s to cause their illness." ~ other
words, taking a~aZ the smoking do~s not take away the
risk ~f disease in the workplace.
Scientif%c Research
Q; Is the tobacco industry doisq asy%hing to help resolve
the smokin~ and health ~ontrove~sj~?
It certainly Is. AS of J~ne I, 1979, the tobacco indus-
try h~d pr~vlded $~2 million to independent research pro-
]ectB. lnte~estl~glZ enouqh, l~ many years the indust~y's
f~ding of smoking/health research has ssrpassed fundin9
by any govert%~ent der~rtment as well as the c~b~ncd
gr~rlts of the mejor vo±~nhary ~uait~ orgaJllzatlcn~,
A:
Don*~ the tobacco co~panles only p~blish "favorable''
~uLts of re~ear~h th~ ~d?
OI co~'~e not. The hobacco indus_ry IS co~mitte~ to
r~solv~ng the smoking and health controversy. Thi~ will
only be accOmpllshed by solid scie~titlc research. The
industr~ is pr()1~l ~o supply grants for ~orthy research
and ~h~s ~s done on a "no-~trlngs' basis. Gr~nt~e~ h~ve
complete f[eed~n to publlsh~ whateve~ the results.
General
~: Nine out of ten smokers s~y th~ wan~ ~o ~ul~. Sho~idn'~
the ~ernm~nt help =hem bZ sponsoring ~uit-~ok~
A: ~ai:h ~dul~ indivld~] ~t m~ke up h~s ow~ ~l~d wh~ther
oc not to smoke. ~h~ tobacco in~try ~s not inter~te~
in preventlng anyone ~rom g~v~ng up clgarettes. Man~
~¥1v~t@ gtop-smokin~ pr~gram~ ar~ auai]~l~le a~ litt1~
costr arld l~t~Lu~ ~hi~h de~rlb~ w~ ~o ~top ~mokln~
is available fr~ frc~ ~ev~ral sources. W~ all knew
pco~l~ who have stop~d without ~n~ ~o~m~l progz~.
do not ~hink this Wo~l~ b~ a proi~r ~ay to spend _ax-
pa~r~' m~ney.
[~sn't th~ clgarette industry fee] some res~n~ihi]it~
fo~ L]I~ ~ billion cost t~ the V.~* for healt~ c~re and
$18 billion cost to the U.3. in 10$s of production time
caused b~ c~ar@tte~~
The char~ ±s based on the ass~Imption that smukiJ~g causes
dis~a~ and lllnes~, but ¢~ti~n has not bo~n e~t~b-
l%s~e~ by ~Cle~tl~iC re~a~c~4 '~e a~e ~e~OUS ot~e~
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dlfficulLies with the f~g~xes. ~ studies have assu~ed
that if a smoker misses work aDparently because of a~
lllnes~ associated wlth smakinq~ th~ smoking is respon-
sible. SUch ass~ptlons are clearly unscientlflc and tn-
valld. Moreover, it has been assumed ~hat milch ~f the
~d for h~alth s~z~ice~ wo~d di~ppeax if no on~ ~moked
C~gdre~,t~$. In view o~ o~ ~glng population a~d Various
~ther heaZth realities, thls is e×tr~mely unlikely.
A:
wh~ aren't cigarettes bBnned llke red d~e and ~cl~nates?
I know a lot of ~eople w~o have dled frc~ ~mokin~ bu~ r 're
~ever heaTd of an~ ~erson ~ l~ f~o~ ~l~ r~d ~,~.
YOU ~ay have known persons who ~±ed and smoked cigarettes
dl]rJn~ their ]i~im~. V~II ~rnhahly a]~ hav~ ~ow~
people who died and ~Jre ~risL~atche~° The p~int is that
such obse_~vations ~o not show causation° Smoking has net
h~n proven ~o ~au~e huma~ ~i~a~e. AS for ~he govern-
ment b~ning c~r~in ~rcduc~ I am n~ver sure ~bout the
meaning of goverr~ent ~ecision-;naking. My business is
~an~fa~turlng and selling tobacco which is and ha~ ~lw~ys
been a legal product.
How do you accost for the fact that so l~ar,~ ~overrm%ent
and ~cien~ifi~ ~iet&es hav~ ~a~sed resolutions a~ert-
A:
l~g tha~ smoki~ Causes l~t~ caIlc~r aRd other ll~T~arl
diseases?
'Fhe fact that gover~e~t bodies and Scle~tific Socle~leS
have pas~e~ s~ch resolutions indicates that the contin~-
i~ controversy Over s~ok ~g a~ h~alth is l~litic~l~
not scze~tific. Scientific issues are se~tle~ by det~nl-
tire b~ologlcal expermmen~ation, n~t by the passage ~f a
r~ol~tio~. T~er~ have be~ ~o r~liabl~ ~xl~ri~eIL~
provinq that cigarette smoking ~a~ses disease, &nd that
• s why &~tivi6~ &n ~ov@rnm~nt ~nci@s and scientific
credence to their personal oDinions.
Since [~u sell ~J~arettes and ma~, smoke yourself--I
a~s~ ~u thi~x the bene=±ts o6 s~okin~ out~i~h the
risks?
foxed adults based o~ ~ndivld~al assessments. 0bv~o~s-
ly m~y people derive some val~e ~rom ~mokin~ beca~ it
ha~ been a poputar custom for nUrdreds of ~ears°
%~at would you tell lout child if he~sked you ~et~er
~e ~hould smoke cigarettes?
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39.
40.
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I wuuld cell h~l tO wait until he was an admit and then
make up h.s o~ m~nd. Wh~th~r or n~ on~ chooses to
smoke is an LndivLdua~ decision and ShGuld be made Gniy
by informed adults.
Q:
A:
l]~e~ it bother ~ur conscience to S~II ¢i~ar~tte~?
Ahso!ut~ not! The tcbacc~ industry is an important
~rt of o~r nation's h~rfta~. It~ ~cono~ic impac~ is
enolmo~ Con~ider th~ C~ct that th~ tobacco industry
contr Lbutes $49 billioE to the ~ross national prcd~ct
~nd pr~[dc~ ~ome 2 millior* jobs. With r~gard to the
hDditn q~stlo~ ~o Valld res~arc~ ~a~ ever e~tdblish~
~hat clgarette ~mokJmg C~US~ ~t~ea~e. ~ ~i~ is
w~.ll ~w~r¢ of ~h~ h~ith wa~nlng ~d of cl~m~ ~
,~ainst cigarettes, Th~ d~L~lon ~] s~o~e is an l~-
~vl~al o~ that i~ ~a{I~ b~ i~o~l~ ~n tie exercz~e ~f
psr~graph Nu~Ib~r
42.
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