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Transmits "letter and manuscript from [Friberg] concerning cadmium" and requests feedback. Indicates in marginalia "Osdene - Pls [Please] study and return to me with comments". Relates to Bates 1000027098 (attachments missing).
Takes position that "[i]nstead of continuing the search for the true causes of some diseases that appear to be statistically associated with cigarette smoking, many researchers have accepted without investigation the contention that cigarettes are the principal cause and therefore, have declined to devote their valuable time to research directed at determining the cause of these diseases." Rebuts and/or belittles all current research on smoking and disease while defending the industry's responsibility to the American people "to seek...whether cigarettes are in fact the cause of any human disease." Includes some marginalia and corrections. Could be two related documents or drafts appended to each other. Relates to Bates 1000313777, 1002617283.
Recalls Committee of Legal Counsels at Tobacco Institute previously rejected proposal from Rylander for "Workshop on Effects of Tobacco Smoke on Nonsmokers" and notes endorsement by Kornegay, Holtzman, and Wakeham "to get eminent medical experts to define indoor conditions under which cigaret [sic] smoke...is not hazardous". Refers to Yale Law Journal paper "which abounds in exaggerations and innuendos" regarding tobacco. Recommends Philip Morris fund it alone and cites precedent for unilateral support of medical conferences in examples by Lorillard in 1965 and 1970. Suggests alternative approach is sponsorship by "P.M. Europe in Geneva" to "overcome the apprehensions of the legal group".
Arranges for a consultation meeting of counsel with "company Research Directors." Encloses correspondence from Doctors Huber, Epstein, and Rabkin, and notes that the requested report on "scheduling of accomplishments and deadlines" was "wholly unsatisfactory." Notes that this issue will also be discussed at the consultation meeting. No enclosures included.
Transmits cost estimate based on information sent by recipient. Offers explanation upon request (attachment missing).
Encloses "original memo" and a copy of responses to Dr. Huber's questions. Requests that if acceptable "transmit the original to Dr. Gary Huber at Harvard." Notes that William Shinn will receive a "copy of the completed results." No enclosure included. Same as Bates #1000032429.
Encloses, per the request of Alex Holtzman "a copy of a communication for Dr. Gary Huber." Enclosure not attached.
Encloses "original memo" and a copy of responses to Dr. Huber's questions. Requests that if acceptable "transmit the original to Dr. Gary Huber at Harvard." Notes that William Shinn will receive a "copy of the completed results." No enclosure included. Same as Bates #1000032409.
Encloses "a copy of communication for Dr. Gary Huber," per the request of Alex. Enclosure not attached.
Discusses recent agreement of American Chemosol Corporation "to have carried out through the auspices of the tobacco industry the independent test of Chemosol." States updated protocol being developed by the reactivated subcommittee includes conditions required by "the technical representatives of the nine sponsoring companies" if testing is to go forward. Expresses concern that lack of adherence to outlined requirements will lead to an "invalid result." Indicates expectation of review and approval by "sponsoring representatives at an early date."
Relates Falk and others at National Cancer Institute issued a "negative opinion" in letter to Congress on mitigation of benz(a)pyrene in tobacco with Chemosol. Adds tests at Lorillard "found appreciable amounts of benz(a)pyrene in smoke of Chemosol-treated tobacco". Describes "qualifying excuses" made by "Chemosol people" to explain failure and indicates Spears' impression "they had dropped the matter". Suggest information should bear on whether to "continue with testing program contemplated at Hazelton Laboratories".
States author "visited High Tor Foundation laboratories on Oak Tree Road in Palisades, New York on Thursday, July 20, 1967." Discusses problems involved in "testing cigarets for biological effects". Presents data for untreated tobacco smoke vs. "Chemosol" treated tobacco, and states that "no malignant neoplasms were produced from the 'Chemosol' treated tobacco," as compared with 8% incidence of carcinomas in mice exposed to untreated tobacco smoke. Indicates Beck of Chemical Research and Development Corporation feels that "Chemosol" results "constitute proof of a 'safer cigaret,'" but ascribes "lack of quality in the reports" recieved from High Tor to the use of high school and college students as technicians. Debates Benz(a)pyrene levels. Recommends repeating experiment externally.
Lists suggestions for "recommendations for future work at CTR." Includes "[t]he effect of environmental and other factors in skin painting and/or inhalation," "threshold of carcinogens in various species with specific chemicals," "positive effects of smoking," "ambient smoke," and the "effect of smoke and/or nicotine on naive animals versus acclimatized animals." Same as Bates #1000041869.
Discusses pending individual and class action lawsuits against the asbestos industry for "asbestos related diseases (& smoking)" and its relevance to the tobacco industry. Cites lack of cooperation between the tobacco and asbestos industries. Emphasizes importance of the Council for Tobacco Research (CTR) to document "positive effects of smoking" and discusses measures to improve its scientific direction and its communications and accountability with the industry. Remarks that internal and external peer-review of CTR-funded work is needed to ensure "oriented research... for a good defensive program." Proposes CTR funding of industry scientists. Recommends funding institutions "in certain specific areas," redirecting the Harvard study. Concludes that "projects [are] needed for our survival."
Attaches memo from Dr. Ford describing "CTR-sponsored projects concerning the action of nicotine." Appends a statement regarding how these projects relate to smoking and its contribution to an individual's daily life. Asserts counsel for the companies of CTR agree that "CNS studies have potential implications in the area of commercial development" and should not be conducted "under CTR auspices." Adds that Mr. Yeaman's and Dr. Gardner's reactions are expected. Contains margin notes.
Reports concern and discussion among industry lawyers regarding "trends at [the Council for Tobacco Research]." Alleges discontinuing the "mouse work with susceptibility strains" and "all work with tobacco fractions". Verifies continuation of "work exposing mice to whole tobacco smoke" and continuation of nicotine study and attests to the importance of determining "how nicotine acts in the brain." States that "work with AHH" was not producing definitive results due to variability. Remarks that it was unsure whether Dr. Abood was to develop "an antagonist for nicotine" and that Alex Holtzman would follow up.
Documents meeting discussion regarding direction and long-term plans of industry health research. States "CTR has helped in legal situations and as public statements - provision of witness." Discusses that "tobacco industry should and must continue to do research" and cites need for more "independent research." Debates whether CTR should have a "basic overall goal or give more money and let little projects proliferate." Suggests a move into more bronchial and cardiovascular research. Determines role of TI. Same as Bates #1000041877
Comprises minutes from meeting at Council for Tobacco Research (CTR) to discuss several projects: (1) publication and accessibility to "confidential" CTR files by industry and via subpoena. References "Red Book" files, "increasing litigative risk" of research activities, and necessity for "oral reports"; (2) Discusses new scientific leadership at CTR; (3) Mentions Reynolds lawsuit in Philadelphia with "[a]llegation of addiction; (4) Details study of determinants and biologic effects of gas and particulate phase smoke deposition in mice, including filtration, water saturation, and manipulation of particle size in Kentucky reference cigarettes. Relates to Bates 1000041926 (see "Quotes" field for complete transcript of this handwritten document).
Analyzes public smoking issue, exhaustively citing examples from health effects of secondhand smoke exposure by industry and independent researchers, public policy regulations and legislation, and the popular press. Includes sections entitled: "I. Public smoking as a public issue; II. Atmospheric tobacco smoke and health; III. Government regulations and individual rights; IV. Recommendations; [and] References". Includes editing in marginalia. Relates to Bates 1000083812, 1005130966, 2501024736.
Assesses two methods of carbon monoxide measurement, "infrared detection method" and "gas chromatography." States that both methods are reliable, but that the choice is dependent on how often "one wishes to analyse" and "how many samples one has." Notes that differences in carbon monoxide measurements have to do with "minute changes in cigarette characteristics," lab conditions, "the conditioning of cigarettes," and the smoking machine. States that "labs in Belgium, Finland, Sweden use the UV method."
Lists suggestions for "recommendations for future work at CTR." Includes "[t]he effect of environmental and other factors in skin painting and/or inhalation," "threshold of carcinogens in various species with specific chemicals," "positive effects of smoking," "ambient smoke," and the "effect of smoke and/or nicotine on naive animals versus acclimatized animals." Same as Bates #1000036492.
Documents meeting discussion regarding industry organization. Discusses CTR's relationship to industry and the extent of industry's involvement with CTR. Debates whether CTR's work and research should be evaluated by "industry scientists" or "outsiders." Evaluates state of industry research and suggest more research done in areas of "positive effects of smoking," "pregnancy/fetal," and "immunology." Suggests that "Work on nitrosamines...susceptible to attack." Debates about how research projects should be funded and administered. States "projects needed for our survival."
Documents meeting discussion regarding direction and long-term plans of industry health research. States "CTR has helped in legal situations and as public statements - provision of witness." Discusses that "tobacco industry should and must continue to do research" and cites need for more "independent research." Debates whether CTR should have a "basic overall goal or give more money and let little projects proliferate." Suggests a move into more bronchial and cardiovascular research. Determines role of TI. Same as Bates #1000036636.
Formulates questions to assess if CTR and TI are meeting present goals. Questions whether TI should "support more research projects" and in what manner. Assesses whether or not committees should be formed "to coordinate industry health research with other industry activities." Queries how specific research problems, like "public smoking and claims that tobacco is addictive and a gateway to drug use," should "be met."
Contains handwritten notes concerning industry-sponsored research. (Difficult to read)