Tobacco Documents Online

HK1062001 L .,,q [:I-R 98 COHI.S 0117~:'

° HKI062002 ROBERT C_.. HOCK~'rT C]F~ 98 COI'I5 01178

HK1062003 September' 16, 1977 Dr. Robert C. Hockett The Council for Tobacco Research-U.S.A., Inc. llO East 59th Street New York, New York I0022 Dear Bob: As per telephone, I would appreciate it very much if you could please review in detail the attached listings of some of the gaps of knowledge in the area of smoking and health. This is based, at least in part, on the Council for Tobacco Research Sub-Contnittee Repo~ on this topic presented befo~ the Consumer Con~ittee of the Con1~ittee on Commerce of the U. $. Senate in Feb~ary 1972. Please identify those topics, if any, which are no longer gaps of knowledge. Identify in detail any paper or papers which cover that particular subject as well as, with specifics, any research p~jects in progress or grants which affect each subject. In your "identification" work, please do not consider only studies and projects In progress originating at the Council for Tobacco Research, but a1__~.? such work about which you and your associates there have any knowledge; however, mainly with emphasis on the United States and Canada. As ~uelly agreed, I would like, please, to discuss this with you, point by ~int, when I will visit you In your office on Friday, September 23. I will see you, if agreeable, around g:oo-g:30 a.m. Please advise in case there should be any difficulties. If your time permlts, I would also appreciate being able to discuss with you any other gaps of knowledge listed in the ~j;w~v.e mentioned report of your Sub-Committee which aM still gaps In yo~P~Judgment, and which have not been "~ckled" at all or "tackled"/adequately. /I rD/ Prank ~olby FGC:les Attach. cc: E.J.J. [TI-I 98 EI31,IG 0I 13>9

HK1062004 LIST OF SO~iE &~PS OF KNOWLEDGE IN THE ARF.~A OF SMOKING AND HEALTH I. CARDIOVASCULAR oISEASES I. Factors which might be associated with immediate causes of death. Genetic, Constitutional, social, and related varlabl~between groups which have different mortality rates, including: a} studies based upon individuals ac~nltted to hospitals with due care to avoid or allow for the effects on such studies of 'BerkSonian' bias; and b) further work based upon twins. Relationship of these to the pathological and pharmacological factors which might be involved in individuals with cardiovascular disease including, for example, studies in humans or experimental animals, where appropriate, of: a) the possible effects of specific cher~Ical cunpounds, including constituents of tobacco smoke, in inducing ventrIcular fibrillation; and II. b) 2. a) b) c) LUNG I. . a) the bio-che~ica] mechanisms involved in bloc, d clotting. Factors which might contribute tO the underlyin~ degenerative chan~es characteristic of cardiovascular disease. Studies, basted upon hospital admissions designed to elicit factors concerned with in1~ediata causes of death, might usefully be extended to patients a~Itted to hospital suffering from non-fatal cardiac conditions, provided that bias could be avoided or its effects allowed for in work with such patients; develop an animal model or models for atherosclerosis since none adequate is currently avail able; and further work related to lipid fractionmation and analysis. CANC[Rt CHRONIC RESPIRATORY DISEASE ANO RELATED Quantitative aspects of current and past mlsdlagnosls end their effect on national and international mortality data (i.e., studies similar to those of Felnstein in the United States and Bankl in Austria) using different and/or larger populations. Effect of genetic, constltutlonal, social and other factors including e.g,, ~e extent to which a tendency towards respiratory diseases in general, or to specific respiretofi diseases, Including the ones mentioned above might be inheritable; L~ C:It: 98 COHG 01180

HKI062005 -Z- b) a more detailed analysis or re-analysis of existing data such as those acqCired by Hammond in the United States and by Cederlof in Sweden, but which have either not been published or published Incompletely; and c) incorporate consideration of these factors into studies where currently underway, or about to be started, or newly to be planned. . Epldemiology of the changing patterns In cancer type and secular changes in the incidence of cancer in different organs in different countries or populatlons (Lees theory). t Theoretlcal studies related to the preceding (3.) of the relation- ship of dose/response and time lapse/response data in human popula- tions tO theories of carcinogenesis. 5. Meaningful animal models for the dlseases mentioned under II above. Ill. SMOKING IN PREGNANCY I , 2. a) Gaps in knowledge of the constltutlona] genetics, social and related factors associated with difficulties in conception, pregnancy, parturition, lactation, pre-natal risks to the foetus and post-natal risks to off-spring. Specifically extend to other and/or larger populations and/or for longer time periods the type of studies pioneered by Yerushalmy. Additional studies on specific factors possibly affecting birth rate, including the effect, if any, of carbon monoxide, in non-s~king populations environmentally exposed to this gas; and b) in suitable animal models. 3. Possible relationship between maternal and fetal hemoglobin affinity for carbon monoxide. 4. Further experimental studies of the role, if any, of nicotine in pregnancy. IV. ALLEGED EFFECTS OF SMOKING ON NON-SMOKERS Additional quantitative studies, under realistic real life conditions, in many different social and geographical locations, natlonally and Inter- nationally, of the extent to which non-s~kers are exposed to nicotine as well as carbon monoxide and, If possible, particulate matter; ?or carbon monoxide and particulate matter speclal care should be taken to distinguish how much of these are due to smoking and how much to other sources. CTR 98 CLlr'lG 0:'118"1

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